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Many problems in mechanobiology urgently require characterisation of the micromechanical properties of the fibrous proteins of cells and tissues. Brillouin light scattering has been proposed as a new optical elastography technique to meet this need, but the information contained in the Brillouin spectrum is still a matter of debate. Here we investigate this question using gelatin as a model system in which the macroscopic physical properties can be manipulated to mimic all the relevant biological states of matter, ranging from the liquid to the gel and the glassy phase. We demonstrate that Brillouin spectroscopy is a powerful tool to reveal both the elastic and viscous properties of biomaterials that are central to their biological functions., Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures