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1. Forgotten treasures in the HST/FOC UV imaging polarimetric archives of active galactic nuclei III. Five years monitoring of M87

Author

Marin, F., Barnouin, T., Wu, K., and Lopez-Rodriguez, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, J.2.3, J.2.9
Abstract

The active galactic nucleus (AGN) within M87, a giant elliptical galaxy, is responsible for one of the closest kiloparsec-scale relativistic jet to Earth. We unearthed unpublished M87 polarization maps taken with the Faint Object Camera (FOC) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), obtained between 1995 and 1999. At a rate of one observation per year, we can follow the evolution of the polarized flux knots in the jet. We can thus constrain the time scale of variation of the magnetic field up to a spatial resolution of one tenth of an arcsecond (11.5 pc). After coherently reducing the five observations using the same methodology presented in the first paper of this series, the analysis of polarized maps from POS 1 (base of the jet) and POS 3 (end of the jet) reveals significant temporal and spatial dynamics in the jet's magnetic fields morphology. Despite minimal changes in overall intensity structure, notable fluctuations in polarization degrees and angles are detected across various knots and inter-knot regions. In addition, the emission and polarization characteristics of M87's jet differ significantly between POS1 and POS3. POS1 shows a more collimated jet with strong variability in polarization, while POS3 reveals a thicker structure, a quasi-absence of variability and complex magnetic field interactions. This suggests that the jet may have co-axial structures with distinct kinetic properties. Theoretical models like the jet-in-jet scenario, featuring double helical magnetic flux ropes, help explain these observations, indicating a strong density contrast and higher speeds in the inner jet., Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2024
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2. X-ray polarization measurement of the gold standard of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei : NGC 1068

Author

Marin, F., Marinucci, A., Laurenti, M., Kim, D. E., Barnouin, T., Di Marco, A., Ursini, F., Bianchi, S., Ravi, S., Marshall, H. L., Matt, G., Chen, C. -T., Gianolli, V. E., Ingram, A., Maksym, W. P., Panagiotou, C., Podgorny, J., Puccetti, S., Ratheesh, A., Tombesi, F., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baldini, L., Baumgartner, W., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., De Rosa, A., Del Monte, E., Di Gesu, L., Di Lalla, N., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Dovciak, M., Ehlert, S., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., Garcia, J., Gunji, S., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Kislat, F., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J., Krawczynski, H., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Madejski, G., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A., Massaro, F., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Muleri, F., Negro, M., Ng, S., O'Dell, S., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G., Perri, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Poutanen, J., Ramsey, B., Rankin, J., Roberts, O., Romani, R., Sgro, C., Slane, P., Soffitta, P., Spandre, G., Swartz, D., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A., Thomas, N., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, J.2.3, J.2.9
Abstract

We used the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) satellite to measure, for the first time, the 2-8 keV polarization of NGC 1068. We pointed IXPE for a net exposure time of 1.15 Ms on the target, in addition to two ~ 10 ks each Chandra snapshots in order to account for the potential impact of several ultraluminous X-ray source (ULXs) within IXPE's field-of-view. We measured a 2 - 8 keV polarization degree of 12.4% +/- 3.6% and an electric vector polarization angle of 101{\deg} +/- 8{\deg} at 68% confidence level. If we exclude the spectral region containing the bright Fe K lines and other soft X-ray lines where depolarization occurs, the polarization fraction rises up to 21.3% +/- 6.7% in the 3.5 - 6.0 keV band, with a similar polarization angle. The observed polarization angle is found to be perpendicular to the parsec scale radio jet. Using a combined Chandra and IXPE analysis plus multi-wavelength constraints, we estimated that the circumnuclear "torus" may sustain a half-opening angle of 50{\deg} - 55{\deg} (from the vertical axis of the system). Thanks to IXPE, we have measured the X-ray polarization of NGC 1068 and found comparable results, both in terms of polarization angle orientation with respect to the radio-jet and torus half-opening angle, to the X-ray polarimetric measurement achieved for the other archetypal Compton-thick AGN : the Circinus galaxy. Probing the geometric arrangement of parsec-scale matter in extragalactic object is now feasible thanks to X-ray polarimetry., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, submited to A&A

Published
2024
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3. The X-ray polarisation of the Seyfert 1 galaxy IC 4329A

Author

Ingram, A., Ewing, M., Marinucci, A., Tagliacozzo, D., Rosario, D. J., Veledina, A., Kim, D. E., Marin, F., Bianchi, S., Poutanen, J., Matt, G., Marshall, H. L., Ursini, F., De Rosa, A., Petrucci, P-O., Madejski, G., Barnouin, T., Di Gesu, L., Dovvciak, M., Gianolli, V. E., Krawczynski, H., Loktev, V., Middei, R., Podgorny, J., Puccetti, S., Ratheesh, A., Soffitta, P., Tombesi, F., Ehlert, S. R., Massaro, F., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baldini, L., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, C. -T., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Lalla, N., Di Marco, A., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., Garcia, J. A., Gunji, S., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S. G., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Kislat, F., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J. J., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A. P., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Muleri, F., Negro, M., Ng, C. -Y., ODell, S. L., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G. G., Peirson, A. L., Perri, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Ramsey, B. D., Rankin, J., Roberts, O. J., Romani, R. W., Sgro, C., Slane, P., Spandre, G., Swartz, D. A., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A. F., Thomas, N. E., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S. S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M. C., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present an X-ray spectro-polarimetric analysis of the bright Seyfert galaxy IC 4329A. The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed the source for ~500 ks, supported by XMM-Newton (~60 ks) and NuSTAR (~80 ks) exposures. We detect polarisation in the 2-8 keV band with 2.97 sigma confidence. We report a polarisation degree of $3.3\pm1.1$ per cent and a polarisation angle of $78\pm10$ degrees (errors are 1 sigma confidence). The X-ray polarisation is consistent with being aligned with the radio jet, albeit partially due to large uncertainties on the radio position angle. We jointly fit the spectra from the three observatories to constrain the presence of a relativistic reflection component. From this, we obtain constraints on the inclination angle to the inner disc (< 39 degrees at 99 per cent confidence) and the disc inner radius (< 11 gravitational radii at 99 per cent confidence), although we note that modelling systematics in practice add to the quoted statistical error. Our spectro-polarimetric modelling indicates that the 2-8 keV polarisation is consistent with being dominated by emission directly observed from the X-ray corona, but the polarisation of the reflection component is completely unconstrained. Our constraints on viewer inclination and polarisation degree tentatively favour more asymmetric, possibly out-flowing, coronal geometries that produce more highly polarised emission, but the coronal geometry is unconstrained at the 3 sigma level., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 13 pages, 9 figures

Published
2023

4. The geometry of the hot corona in MCG-05-23-16 constrained by X-ray polarimetry

Author

Tagliacozzo, D., Marinucci, A., Ursini, F., Matt, G., Bianchi, S., Baldini, L., Barnouin, T., Rodriguez, N. Cavero, De Rosa, A., Di Gesu, L., Dovciak, M., Harper, D., Ingram, A., Karas, V., Kim, D. E., Krawczynski, H., Madejski, G., Marin, F., Middei, R., Marshall, H. L., Muleri, F., Panagiotou, C., Petrucci, P. O., Podgorny, J., Poutanen, J., Puccetti, S., Soffitta, P., Tombesi, F., Veledina, A., Zhang, W., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, C. T., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Lalla, N., Di Marco, A., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Ehlert, S. R., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., Garcia, J. A., Gunji, S., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S. G., Kaaret, P., Kislat, F., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J. J., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A. P., Massaro, F., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Negro, M., Ng, C. Y., O'Dell, S. L., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G. G., Peirson, A. L., Perri, M., Rollins, M. Pesce, Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Ramsey, B. D., Rankin, J., Ratheesh, A., Roberts, O. J., Romani, R. W., Sgrò, C., Slane, P., Spandre, G., Swartz, D. A., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A. F., Thomas, N. E., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S. S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M. C., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the second observation of the radio-quiet active galactic nucleus (AGN) MCG-05-23-16 performed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The observation started on 2022 November 6 for a net observing time of 640 ks, and was partly simultaneous with NuSTAR (86 ks). After combining these data with those obtained in the first IXPE pointing on May 2022 (simultaneous with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR) we find a 2-8 keV polarization degree $\Pi$ = 1.6 $\pm$ 0.7 (at 68 per cent confidence level), which corresponds to an upper limit $\Pi$ = 3.2 per cent (at 99 per cent confidence level). We then compare the polarization results with Monte Carlo simulations obtained with the MONK code, with which different coronal geometries have been explored (spherical lamppost, conical, slab and wedge). Furthermore, the allowed range of inclination angles is found for each geometry. If the best fit inclination value from a spectroscopic analysis is considered, a cone-shaped corona along the disc axis is disfavoured., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 table. Submitted to MNRAS

Published
2023

5. Polarimetry of the potential binary supermassive black hole system in J1430+2303

Author

Marin, F., Hutsemékers, D., Liodakis, I., Antonucci, R., Mandarakas, N., Lindfors, E., Blinov, D., Barnouin, T., and Savic, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, J.2
Abstract

The growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) through merging has long been predicted but its detection remains elusive. However, a promising target has been discovered in the Seyfert-1 galaxy J1430+2303. If a binary system truly lies at the center of J1430+2303, the usual symmetry expected from pole-on views in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) responsible for the observed low ($\le$ 1\%) optical linear polarization in the continuum of these objects is expected to be broken. This should lead to higher-than-usual polarization degrees, together with time-dependent variations of the polarization signal. We used the specialized photopolarimeters RoboPol mounted on the 1.3m telescope at the Skinakas Observatory and the Alhambra Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (ALFOSC) mounted on the 2.56m Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) at the "Roque de los Muchachos" Observatory to measure the B-, V-, R-, and I-band polarization of J1430+2303. Observations were complemented using the FORS2 spectropolarimeter mounted on the VLT to acquire 3500 -- 8650 Angs polarized spectra. We compared our set of observations to Monte Carlo radiative-transfer predictions to look for the presence of a SMBH binary. The observed linear continuum polarization of J1430+2303 in the V and R bands is $\sim$ 0.4\% with an associated polarization angle of slightly larger than 0$^\circ$. We detected no significant changes in polarization or photometry between May, June, and July of 2022. In addition, there is no significant difference between the polarization of H$\alpha$ and the polarization of the continuum. A single SMBH at the center of an AGN model is able to reproduce the observed spectrum and polarization, while the binary hypothesis is rejected with a probability of $\sim$85\%., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures 6 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2023
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6. Uncovering the geometry of the hot X-ray corona in the Seyfert galaxy NGC4151 with IXPE

Author

Gianolli, V. E., Kim, D. E., Bianchi, S., Agís-González, B., Madejski, G., Marin, F., Marinucci, A., Matt, G., Middei, R., Petrucci, P-O., Soffitta, P., Tagliacozzo, D., Tombesi, F., Ursini, F., Barnouin, T., De Rosa, A., Di Gesu, L., Ingram, A., Loktev, V., Panagiotou, C., Podgorny, J., Poutanen, J., Puccetti, S., Ratheesh, A., Veledina, A., Zhang, W., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baldini, L., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, C. -T., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Lalla, N., Di Marco, A., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Dovčiak, M., Ehlert, S. R., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., García, J. A., Gunji, S., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S. G., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Kislat, F., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J. J., Krawczynski, H., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A. P., Marshall, H. L., Massaro, F., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Muleri, F., Negro, M., Ng, C. -Y., ODell, S. L., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G. G., Peirson, A. L., Perri, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Ramsey, B. D., Rankin, J., Roberts, O. J., Romani, R. W., Sgrò, C., Slane, P., Spandre, G., Swartz, D. A., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A. F., Thomas, N. E., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S. S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M. C., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present an X-ray spectro-polarimetric analysis of the bright Seyfert galaxy NGC4151. The source has been observed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) for 700 ks, complemented with simultaneous XMM-Newton (50 ks) and NuSTAR (100 ks) pointings. A polarization degree ${\Pi} = 4.9 {\pm} 1.1 \%$ and angle ${\Psi}= 86{\deg} {\pm} 7{\deg}$ east of north ($68\%$ confidence level) are measured in the 2-8 keV energy range. The spectro-polarimetric analysis shows that the polarization could be entirely due to reflection. Given the low reflection flux in the IXPE band, this requires however a reflection with a very large ($> 38 \%$) polarization degree. Assuming more reasonable values, a polarization degree of the hot corona ranging from ${\sim}4$ to ${\sim}8\%$ is found. The observed polarization degree excludes a spherical lamppost geometry for the corona, suggesting instead a slab-like geometry, possibly a wedge, as determined via Monte Carlo simulations. This is further confirmed by the X-ray polarization angle, which coincides with the direction of the extended radio emission in this source, supposed to match the disc axis. NGC4151 is the first AGN with an X-ray polarization measure for the corona, illustrating the capabilities of X-ray polarimetry and IXPE in unveiling its geometry., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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7. Mapping the circumnuclear regions of the Circinus galaxy with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer

Author

Ursini, F., Marinucci, A., Matt, G., Bianchi, S., Marin, F., Marshall, H. L., Middei, R., Poutanen, J., Rogantini, D., De Rosa, A., Di Gesu, L., García, J. A., Ingram, A., Kim, D. E., Krawczynski, H., Puccetti, S., Soffitta, P., Svoboda, J., Tombesi, F., Weisskopf, M. C., Barnouin, T., Perri, M., Podgorny, J., Ratheesh, A., Zaino, A., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baldini, L., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Lalla, N., Di Marco, A., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Dovčiak, M., Ehlert, S. R., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., Gunji, S., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S. G., Karas, V., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J. J., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A. P., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Muleri, F., Ng, C. Y., O'Dell, S. L., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G. G., Peirson, A. L., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Ramsey, B. D., Rankin, J., Romani, R. W., Sgrò, C., Slane, P., Spandre, G., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A. F., Thomas, N. E., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S. S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observation of the closest and X-ray brightest Compton-thick active galactic nucleus (AGN), the Circinus galaxy. We find the source to be significantly polarized in the 2--6 keV band. From previous studies, the X-ray spectrum is known to be dominated by reflection components, both neutral (torus) and ionized (ionization cones). Our analysis indicates that the polarization degree is $28 \pm 7$ per cent (at 68 per cent confidence level) for the neutral reflector, with a polarization angle of $18{\deg} \pm 5{\deg}$, roughly perpendicular to the radio jet. The polarization of the ionized reflection is unconstrained. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations of the polarization expected from the torus shows that the neutral reflector is consistent with being an equatorial torus with a half-opening angle of 45{\deg}-55{\deg}. This is the first X-ray polarization detection in a Seyfert galaxy, demonstrating the power of X-ray polarimetry in probing the geometry of the circumnuclear regions of AGNs, and confirming the basic predictions of standard Unification Models., Comment: 9 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS, authors list updated

Published
2022
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8. Polarization constraints on the X-ray corona in Seyfert Galaxies: MCG-05-23-16

Author

Marinucci, A., Muleri, F., Dovčiak, M., Bianchi, S., Marin, F., Matt, G., Ursini, F., Middei, R., Marshall, H. L., Baldini, L., Barnouin, T., Rodriguez, N. Cavero, De Rosa, A., Di Gesu, L., Harper, D., Ingram, A., Karas, V., Krawczynski, H., Madejski, G., Panagiotou, C., Petrucci, P. O., Podgorny, J., Puccetti, S., Tombesi, F., Veledina, A., Zhang, W., Agudo, I., Antonelli, L. A., Bachetti, M., Baumgartner, W. H., Bellazzini, R., Bongiorno, S. D., Bonino, R., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Capitanio, F., Castellano, S., Cavazzuti, E., Ciprini, S., Costa, E., Del Monte, E., Di Lalla, N., Di Marco, A., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Ehlert, S. R., Enoto, T., Evangelista, Y., Fabiani, S., Ferrazzoli, R., Garcia, J. A., Gunji, S., Hayashida, K., Heyl, J., Iwakiri, W., Jorstad, S. G., Kitaguchi, T., Kolodziejczak, J. J., La Monaca, F., Latronico, L., Liodakis, I., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marscher, A. P., Mitsuishi, I., Mizuno, T., Ng, C. -Y., O'Dell, S. L., Omodei, N., Oppedisano, C., Papitto, A., Pavlov, G. G., Peirson, A. L., Perri, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Poutanen, J., Ramsey, B. D., Rankin, J., Ratheesh, A., Romani, R. W., Sgrò, C., Slane, P., Soffitta, P., Spandre, G., Tamagawa, T., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tawara, Y., Tennant, A. F., Thomas, N. E., Trois, A., Tsygankov, S. S., Turolla, R., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M. C., Wu, K., Xie, F., and Zane, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the first observation of a radio-quiet Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) using polarized X-rays: the Seyfert 1.9 galaxy MCG-05-23-16. This source was pointed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) starting on May 14, 2022 for a net observing time of 486 ks, simultaneously with XMM-Newton (58 ks) and NuSTAR (83 ks). A polarization degree smaller than $\Pi<4.7\%$ (at the 99% c.l.) is derived in the 2-8 keV energy range, where emission is dominated by the primary component ascribed to the hot corona. The broad-band spectrum, inferred from a simultaneous fit to the IXPE, NuSTAR, and XMM-Newton data, is well reproduced by a power law with photon index $\Gamma=1.85\pm0.01$ and a high-energy cutoff $E_{\rm C}=120\pm15$ keV. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations shows that a lamp-post and a conical geometry of the corona are consistent with the observed upper limit, a slab geometry is allowed only if the inclination angle of the system is less than 50$^{\circ}$., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS Letters

Published
2022
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9. The best broths are cooked in the oldest pans: revisiting the archival HST/FOC observations of quasars

Author

Marin, F., Barnouin, T., and Lopez-Rodriguez, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Faint Object Camera (FOC) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observed 26 individual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in ultraviolet imaging polarimetry between 1990 and 2002. Tremendous progresses have been made thanks to those high spatial resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio observations, such as the identification of the location of hidden active nuclei and the three dimensional arrangement of polar material within the first hundred of parsecs around the central core. However, not all AGN observations have been reduced and analyzed, and none in a standardized framework. In this lecture note, we present our project of downloading, reducing and analyzing all the AGN HST/FOC observations that were achieved using a consistent, novel and open-access reduction pipeline. We briefly present our methodology and show the first, preliminary result from our reduction pipeline: NGC 1068., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the French SF2A

Published
2022

10. X-ray polarization measurement of the gold standard of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei: NGC 1068

Author

Marin, F., primary, Marinucci, A., additional, Laurenti, M., additional, Kim, D.E., additional, Barnouin, T., additional, Di Marco, A., additional, Ursini, F., additional, Bianchi, S., additional, Ravi, S., additional, Marshall, H.L., additional, Matt, G., additional, Chen, C.-T., additional, Gianolli, V.E., additional, Ingram, A., additional, Middei, R., additional, Maksym, W.P., additional, Panagiotou, C., additional, Podgorny, J., additional, Puccetti, S., additional, Ratheesh, A., additional, Tombesi, F., additional, Agudo, I., additional, Antonelli, L.A., additional, Bachetti, M., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baumgartner, W., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bongiorno, S., additional, Bonino, R., additional, Brez, A., additional, Bucciantini, N., additional, Capitanio, F., additional, Castellano, S., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Costa, E., additional, De Rosa, A., additional, Del Monte, E., additional, Di Gesu, L., additional, Di Lalla, N., additional, Donnarumma, I., additional, Doroshenko, V., additional, Dovčiak, M., additional, Ehlert, S., additional, Enoto, T., additional, Evangelista, Y., additional, Fabiani, S., additional, Ferrazzoli, R., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Gunji, S., additional, Heyl, J., additional, Iwakiri, W., additional, Jorstad, S., additional, Kaaret, P., additional, Karas, V., additional, Kislat, F., additional, Kitaguchi, T., additional, Kolodziejczak, J., additional, Krawczynski, H., additional, La Monaca, F., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Liodakis, I., additional, Madejski, G., additional, Maldera, S., additional, Manfreda, A., additional, Marscher, A., additional, Massaro, F., additional, Mitsuishi, I., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Muleri, F., additional, Negro, M., additional, Ng, S., additional, O'Dell, S., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Oppedisano, C., additional, Papitto, A., additional, Pavlov, G., additional, Perri, M., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Petrucci, P.-O., additional, Pilia, M., additional, Possenti, A., additional, Poutanen, J., additional, Ramsey, B., additional, Rankin, J., additional, Roberts, O., additional, Romani, R., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Slane, P., additional, Soffitta, P., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Swartz, D., additional, Tamagawa, T., additional, Tavecchio, F., additional, Taverna, R., additional, Tawara, Y., additional, Tennant, A., additional, Thomas, N., additional, Trois, A., additional, Tsygankov, S., additional, Turolla, R., additional, Vink, J., additional, Weisskopf, M., additional, Wu, K., additional, Xie, F., additional, and Zane, S., additional

Published
2024
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12. The X-ray polarization of the Seyfert 1 galaxy IC 4329A

Author

Ingram, A, primary, Ewing, M, additional, Marinucci, A, additional, Tagliacozzo, D, additional, Rosario, D J, additional, Veledina, A, additional, Kim, D E, additional, Marin, F, additional, Bianchi, S, additional, Poutanen, J, additional, Matt, G, additional, Marshall, H L, additional, Ursini, F, additional, De Rosa, A, additional, Petrucci, P-O, additional, Madejski, G, additional, Barnouin, T, additional, Gesu, L Di, additional, Dovčiak, M, additional, Gianolli, V E, additional, Krawczynski, H, additional, Loktev, V, additional, Middei, R, additional, Podgorny, J, additional, Puccetti, S, additional, Ratheesh, A, additional, Soffitta, P, additional, Tombesi, F, additional, Ehlert, S R, additional, Massaro, F, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Bachetti, M, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Baumgartner, W H, additional, Bellazzini, R, additional, Bongiorno, S D, additional, Bonino, R, additional, Brez, A, additional, Bucciantini, N, additional, Capitanio, F, additional, Castellano, S, additional, Cavazzuti, E, additional, Chen, C-T, additional, Ciprini, S, additional, Costa, E, additional, Del Monte, E, additional, Lalla, N Di, additional, Marco, A Di, additional, Donnarumma, I, additional, Doroshenko, V, additional, Enoto, T, additional, Evangelista, Y, additional, Fabiani, S, additional, Ferrazzoli, R, additional, García, J A, additional, Gunji, S, additional, Heyl, J, additional, Iwakiri, W, additional, Jorstad, S G, additional, Kaaret, P, additional, Karas, V, additional, Kislat, F, additional, Kitaguchi, T, additional, Kolodziejczak, J J, additional, Monaca, F La, additional, Latronico, L, additional, Liodakis, I, additional, Maldera, S, additional, Manfreda, A, additional, Marscher, A P, additional, Mitsuishi, I, additional, Mizuno, T, additional, Muleri, F, additional, Negro, M, additional, Ng, C-Y, additional, O’Dell, S L, additional, Omodei, N, additional, Oppedisano, C, additional, Papitto, A, additional, Pavlov, G G, additional, Peirson, A L, additional, Perri, M, additional, Pesce-Rollins, M, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Ramsey, B D, additional, Rankin, J, additional, Roberts, O J, additional, Romani, R W, additional, Sgrò, C, additional, Slane, P, additional, Spandre, G, additional, Swartz, D A, additional, Tamagawa, T, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Taverna, R, additional, Tawara, Y, additional, Tennant, A F, additional, Thomas, N E, additional, Trois, A, additional, Tsygankov, S S, additional, Turolla, R, additional, Vink, J, additional, Weisskopf, M C, additional, Wu, K, additional, Xie, F, additional, and Zane, S, additional

Published
2023
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13. The geometry of the hot corona in MCG-05-23-16 constrained by X-ray polarimetry

Author

Tagliacozzo, D, primary, Marinucci, A, additional, Ursini, F, additional, Matt, G, additional, Bianchi, S, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Barnouin, T, additional, Cavero Rodriguez, N, additional, De Rosa, A, additional, Di Gesu, L, additional, Dovčiak, M, additional, Harper, D, additional, Ingram, A, additional, Karas, V, additional, Kim, D E, additional, Krawczynski, H, additional, Madejski, G, additional, Marin, F, additional, Middei, R, additional, Marshall, H L, additional, Muleri, F, additional, Panagiotou, C, additional, Petrucci, P-O, additional, Podgorny, J, additional, Poutanen, J, additional, Puccetti, S, additional, Soffitta, P, additional, Tombesi, F, additional, Veledina, A, additional, Zhang, W, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Bachetti, M, additional, Baumgartner, W H, additional, Bellazzini, R, additional, Bongiorno, S D, additional, Bonino, R, additional, Brez, A, additional, Bucciantini, N, additional, Capitanio, F, additional, Castellano, S, additional, Cavazzuti, E, additional, Chen, C-T, additional, Ciprini, S, additional, Costa, E, additional, Del Monte, E, additional, Di Lalla, N, additional, Di Marco, A, additional, Donnarumma, I, additional, Doroshenko, V, additional, Ehlert, S R, additional, Enoto, T, additional, Evangelista, Y, additional, Fabiani, S, additional, Ferrazzoli, R, additional, Garcia, J A, additional, Gunji, S, additional, Heyl, J, additional, Iwakiri, W, additional, Jorstad, S G, additional, Kaaret, P, additional, Kislat, F, additional, Kitaguchi, T, additional, Kolodziejczak, J J, additional, La Monaca, F, additional, Latronico, L, additional, Liodakis, I, additional, Maldera, S, additional, Manfreda, A, additional, Marscher, A P, additional, Massaro, F, additional, Mitsuishi, I, additional, Mizuno, T, additional, Negro, M, additional, Ng, C-Y, additional, O’Dell, S L, additional, Omodei, N, additional, Oppedisano, C, additional, Papitto, A, additional, Pavlov, G G, additional, Peirson, A L, additional, Perri, M, additional, Pesce-Rollins, M, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Ramsey, B D, additional, Rankin, J, additional, Ratheesh, A, additional, Roberts, O J, additional, Romani, R W, additional, Sgrò, C, additional, Slane, P, additional, Spandre, G, additional, Swartz, D A, additional, Tamagawa, T, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Taverna, R, additional, Tawara, Y, additional, Tennant, A F, additional, Thomas, N E, additional, Trois, A, additional, Tsygankov, S S, additional, Turolla, R, additional, Vink, J, additional, Weisskopf, M C, additional, Wu, K, additional, Xie, F, additional, and Zane, S, additional

Published
2023
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14. Uncovering the geometry of the hot X-ray corona in the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 with IXPE

Author

Gianolli, V E, primary, Kim, D E, additional, Bianchi, S, additional, Agís-González, B, additional, Madejski, G, additional, Marin, F, additional, Marinucci, A, additional, Matt, G, additional, Middei, R, additional, Petrucci, P-O, additional, Soffitta, P, additional, Tagliacozzo, D, additional, Tombesi, F, additional, Ursini, F, additional, Barnouin, T, additional, De Rosa, A, additional, Di Gesu, L, additional, Ingram, A, additional, Loktev, V, additional, Panagiotou, C, additional, Podgorny, J, additional, Poutanen, J, additional, Puccetti, S, additional, Ratheesh, A, additional, Veledina, A, additional, Zhang, W, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Bachetti, M, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Baumgartner, W H, additional, Bellazzini, R, additional, Bongiorno, S D, additional, Bonino, R, additional, Brez, A, additional, Bucciantini, N, additional, Capitanio, F, additional, Castellano, S, additional, Cavazzuti, E, additional, Chen, C-T, additional, Ciprini, S, additional, Costa, E, additional, Del Monte, E, additional, Di Lalla, N, additional, Di Marco, A, additional, Donnarumma, I, additional, Doroshenko, V, additional, Dovčiak, M, additional, Ehlert, S R, additional, Enoto, T, additional, Evangelista, Y, additional, Fabiani, S, additional, Ferrazzoli, R, additional, García, J A, additional, Gunji, S, additional, Heyl, J, additional, Iwakiri, W, additional, Jorstad, S G, additional, Kaaret, P, additional, Karas, V, additional, Kislat, F, additional, Kitaguchi, T, additional, Kolodziejczak, J J, additional, Krawczynski, H, additional, La Monaca, F, additional, Latronico, L, additional, Liodakis, I, additional, Maldera, S, additional, Manfreda, A, additional, Marscher, A P, additional, Marshall, H L, additional, Massaro, F, additional, Mitsuishi, I, additional, Mizuno, T, additional, Muleri, F, additional, Negro, M, additional, Ng, C-Y, additional, O’Dell, S L, additional, Omodei, N, additional, Oppedisano, C, additional, Papitto, A, additional, Pavlov, G G, additional, Peirson, A L, additional, Perri, M, additional, Pesce-Rollins, M, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Ramsey, B D, additional, Rankin, J, additional, Roberts, O J, additional, Romani, R W, additional, Sgrò, C, additional, Slane, P, additional, Spandre, G, additional, Swartz, D A, additional, Tamagawa, T, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Taverna, R, additional, Tawara, Y, additional, Tennant, A F, additional, Thomas, N E, additional, Trois, A, additional, Tsygankov, S S, additional, Turolla, R, additional, Vink, J, additional, Weisskopf, M C, additional, Wu, K, additional, Xie, F, additional, and Zane, S, additional

Published
2023
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15. Uncovering the geometry of the hot X-ray corona in the seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 with IXPE

Author

E Gianolli, V, E Kim, D, Bianchi, S, Ag??s-Gonz??lez, B, Madejski, G, Marin, F, Marinucci, A, Matt, G, Middei, R, P-O, Petrucci, Soffitta, P, Tagliacozzo, D, Tombesi, F, Ursini, F, Barnouin, T, A De Rosa, L Di Gesu, Ingram, A, Loktev, V, Panagiotou, C, Podgorny, J, Poutanen, J, Puccetti, S, Ratheesh, A, Veledina, A, Zhang, W, Agudo, I, A Antonelli, L, Bachetti, M, Baldini, L, H Baumgartner, W, Bellazzini, R, D Bongiorno, S, Bonino, R, Brez, A, Bucciantini, N, Capitanio, F, Castellano, S, Cavazzuti, E, C-T, Chen, Ciprini, S, Costa, E, E Del Monte, N Di Lalla, A Di Marco, Donnarumma, I, Doroshenko, V, Dov??iak, M, R Ehlert, S, Enoto, T, Evangelista, Y, Fabiani, S, Ferrazzoli, R, A Garc??a, J, Gunji, S, Heyl, J, Iwakiri, W, G Jorstad, S, Kaaret, P, Karas, V, Kislat, F, Kitaguchi, T, J Kolodziejczak, J, Krawczynski, H, F La Monaca, Latronico, L, Liodakis, I, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, P Marscher, A, L Marshall, H, Massaro, F, Mitsuishi, I, Mizuno, T, Muleri, F, Negro, M, C-Y, Ng, L O???Dell, S, Omodei, N, Oppedisano, C, Papitto, A, G Pavlov, G, L Peirson, A, Perri, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Pilia, M, Possenti, A, D Ramsey, B, Rankin, J, J Roberts, O, W Romani, R, Sgr??, C, Slane, P, Spandre, G, A Swartz, D, Tamagawa, T, Tavecchio, F, Taverna, R, Tawara, Y, F Tennant, A, E Thomas, N, Trois, A, S Tsygankov, S, Turolla, R, Vink, J, C Weisskopf, M, K, Wu, Xie, F, Zane, S, E Gianolli, V, E Kim, D, Bianchi, S, Ag??s-Gonz??lez, B, Madejski, G, Marin, F, Marinucci, A, Matt, G, Middei, R, Petrucci, P-O, Soffitta, P, Tagliacozzo, D, Tombesi, F, Ursini, F, Barnouin, T, De Rosa, A, Di Gesu, L, Ingram, A, Loktev, V, Panagiotou, C, Podgorny, J, Poutanen, J, Puccetti, S, Ratheesh, A, Veledina, A, Zhang, W, Agudo, I, A Antonelli, L, Bachetti, M, Baldini, L, H Baumgartner, W, Bellazzini, R, D Bongiorno, S, Bonino, R, Brez, A, Bucciantini, N, Capitanio, F, Castellano, S, Cavazzuti, E, Chen, C-T, Ciprini, S, Costa, E, Del Monte, E, Di Lalla, N, Di Marco, A, Donnarumma, I, Doroshenko, V, Dov??iak, M, R Ehlert, S, Enoto, T, Evangelista, Y, Fabiani, S, Ferrazzoli, R, A Garc??a, J, Gunji, S, Heyl, J, Iwakiri, W, G Jorstad, S, Kaaret, P, Karas, V, Kislat, F, Kitaguchi, T, J Kolodziejczak, J, Krawczynski, H, La Monaca, F, Latronico, L, Liodakis, I, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, P Marscher, A, L Marshall, H, Massaro, F, Mitsuishi, I, Mizuno, T, Muleri, F, Negro, M, Ng, C-Y, L O???Dell, S, Omodei, N, Oppedisano, C, Papitto, A, G Pavlov, G, L Peirson, A, Perri, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Pilia, M, Possenti, A, D Ramsey, B, Rankin, J, J Roberts, O, W Romani, R, Sgr??, C, Slane, P, Spandre, G, A Swartz, D, Tamagawa, T, Tavecchio, F, Taverna, R, Tawara, Y, F Tennant, A, E Thomas, N, Trois, A, S Tsygankov, S, Turolla, R, Vink, J, C Weisskopf, M, Wu, K, Xie, F, and Zane, S

Published
2023

17. Mapping the circumnuclear regions of the Circinus galaxy with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer

Author

Ursini, F, primary, Marinucci, A, additional, Matt, G, additional, Bianchi, S, additional, Marin, F, additional, Marshall, H L, additional, Middei, R, additional, Poutanen, J, additional, Rogantini, D, additional, De Rosa, A, additional, Di Gesu, L, additional, García, J A, additional, Ingram, A, additional, Kim, D E, additional, Krawczynski, H, additional, Puccetti, S, additional, Soffitta, P, additional, Svoboda, J, additional, Tombesi, F, additional, Weisskopf, M C, additional, Barnouin, T, additional, Perri, M, additional, Podgorny, J, additional, Ratheesh, A, additional, Zaino, A, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Bachetti, M, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Baumgartner, W H, additional, Bellazzini, R, additional, Bongiorno, S D, additional, Bonino, R, additional, Brez, A, additional, Bucciantini, N, additional, Capitanio, F, additional, Castellano, S, additional, Cavazzuti, E, additional, Ciprini, S, additional, Costa, E, additional, Del Monte, E, additional, Di Lalla, N, additional, Di Marco, A, additional, Donnarumma, I, additional, Doroshenko, V, additional, Dovciak, M, additional, Ehlert, S R, additional, Enoto, T, additional, Evangelista, Y, additional, Fabiani, S, additional, Ferrazzoli, R, additional, Gunji, S, additional, Heyl, J, additional, Iwakiri, W, additional, Jorstad, S G, additional, Karas, V, additional, Kitaguchi, T, additional, Kolodziejczak, J J, additional, La Monaca, F, additional, Latronico, L, additional, Liodakis, I, additional, Maldera, S, additional, Manfreda, A, additional, Marscher, A P, additional, Mitsuishi, I, additional, Mizuno, T, additional, Muleri, F, additional, Ng, C Y, additional, O’Dell, S L, additional, Omodei, N, additional, Oppedisano, C, additional, Papitto, A, additional, Pavlov, G G, additional, Peirson, A L, additional, Pesce-Rollins, M, additional, Petrucci, P-O, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Ramsey, B D, additional, Rankin, J, additional, Romani, R W, additional, Sgrò, C, additional, Slane, P, additional, Spandre, G, additional, Tamagawa, T, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Taverna, R, additional, Tawara, Y, additional, Tennant, A F, additional, Thomas, N E, additional, Trois, A, additional, Tsygankov, S S, additional, Turolla, R, additional, Vink, J, additional, Wu, K, additional, Xie, F, additional, and Zane, S, additional

Published
2022
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18. Polarization constraints on the X-ray corona in Seyfert Galaxies: MCG-05-23-16

Author

Marinucci, A, primary, Muleri, F, additional, Dovciak, M, additional, Bianchi, S, additional, Marin, F, additional, Matt, G, additional, Ursini, F, additional, Middei, R, additional, Marshall, H L, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Barnouin, T, additional, Rodriguez, N Cavero, additional, De Rosa, A, additional, Di Gesu, L, additional, Harper, D, additional, Ingram, A, additional, Karas, V, additional, Krawczynski, H, additional, Madejski, G, additional, Panagiotou, C, additional, Petrucci, P O, additional, Podgorny, J, additional, Puccetti, S, additional, Tombesi, F, additional, Veledina, A, additional, Zhang, W, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Bachetti, M, additional, Baumgartner, W H, additional, Bellazzini, R, additional, Bongiorno, S D, additional, Bonino, R, additional, Brez, A, additional, Bucciantini, N, additional, Capitanio, F, additional, Castellano, S, additional, Cavazzuti, E, additional, Ciprini, S, additional, Costa, E, additional, Del Monte, E, additional, Di Lalla, N, additional, Di Marco, A, additional, Donnarumma, I, additional, Doroshenko, V, additional, Ehlert, S R, additional, Enoto, T, additional, Evangelista, Y, additional, Fabiani, S, additional, Ferrazzoli, R, additional, Garcia, J A, additional, Gunji, S, additional, Hayashida, K, additional, Heyl, J, additional, Iwakiri, W, additional, Jorstad, S G, additional, Kitaguchi, T, additional, Kolodziejczak, J J, additional, La Monaca, F, additional, Latronico, L, additional, Liodakis, I, additional, Maldera, S, additional, Manfreda, A, additional, Marscher, A P, additional, Mitsuishi, I, additional, Mizuno, T, additional, Ng, C-Y, additional, O’Dell, S L, additional, Omodei, N, additional, Oppedisano, C, additional, Papitto, A, additional, Pavlov, G G, additional, Peirson, A L, additional, Perri, M, additional, Pesce-Rollins, M, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Poutanen, J, additional, Ramsey, B D, additional, Rankin, J, additional, Ratheesh, A, additional, Romani, R W, additional, Sgrš, C, additional, Slane, P, additional, Soffitta, P, additional, Spandre, G, additional, Tamagawa, T, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Taverna, R, additional, Tawara, Y, additional, Tennant, A F, additional, Thomas, N E, additional, Trois, A, additional, Tsygankov, S S, additional, Turolla, R, additional, Vink, J, additional, Weisskopf, M C, additional, Wu, K, additional, Xie, F, additional, and Zane, S, additional

Published
2022
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20. Mapping the circumnuclear regions of the Circinus galaxy with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer

Author

F Ursini, A Marinucci, G Matt, S Bianchi, F Marin, H L Marshall, R Middei, J Poutanen, D Rogantini, A De Rosa, L Di Gesu, J A García, A Ingram, D E Kim, H Krawczynski, S Puccetti, P Soffitta, J Svoboda, F Tombesi, M C Weisskopf, T Barnouin, M Perri, J Podgorny, A Ratheesh, A Zaino, I Agudo, L A Antonelli, M Bachetti, L Baldini, W H Baumgartner, R Bellazzini, S D Bongiorno, R Bonino, A Brez, N Bucciantini, F Capitanio, S Castellano, E Cavazzuti, S Ciprini, E Costa, E Del Monte, N Di Lalla, A Di Marco, I Donnarumma, V Doroshenko, M Dovciak, S R Ehlert, T Enoto, Y Evangelista, S Fabiani, R Ferrazzoli, S Gunji, J Heyl, W Iwakiri, S G Jorstad, V Karas, T Kitaguchi, J J Kolodziejczak, F La Monaca, L Latronico, I Liodakis, S Maldera, A Manfreda, A P Marscher, I Mitsuishi, T Mizuno, F Muleri, C Y Ng, S L O’Dell, N Omodei, C Oppedisano, A Papitto, G G Pavlov, A L Peirson, M Pesce-Rollins, P-O Petrucci, M Pilia, A Possenti, B D Ramsey, J Rankin, R W Romani, C Sgrò, P Slane, G Spandre, T Tamagawa, F Tavecchio, R Taverna, Y Tawara, A F Tennant, N E Thomas, A Trois, S S Tsygankov, R Turolla, J Vink, K Wu, F Xie, S Zane, Ursini, F, Marinucci, A, Matt, G, Bianchi, S, Marin, F, L Marshall, H, Middei, R, Poutanen, J, De Rosa, A, Di Gesu, L, A Garc??a, J, Ingram, A, E Kim, D, Krawczynski, H, Puccetti, S, Soffitta, P, Svoboda, J, Tombesi, F, C Weisskopf, M, Barnouin, T, Perri, M, Podgorny, J, Ratheesh, A, Zaino, A, Agudo, I, A Antonelli, L, Bachetti, M, Baldini, L, H Baumgartner, W, Bellazzini, R, D Bongiorno, S, Bonino, R, Brez, A, Bucciantini, N, Capitanio, F, Castellano, S, Cavazzuti, E, Ciprini, S, Costa, E, Del Monte, E, Di Lalla, N, Di Marco, A, Donnarumma, I, Doroshenko, V, Dovciak, M, R Ehlert, S, Enoto, T, Evangelista, Y, Fabiani, S, Ferrazzoli, R, Gunji, S, Heyl, J, Iwakiri, W, G Jorstad, S, Karas, V, Kitaguchi, T, J Kolodziejczak, J, La Monaca, F, Latronico, L, Liodakis, I, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, P Marscher, A, Mitsuishi, I, Mizuno, T, Muleri, F, Y Ng, C, L O???Dell, S, Omodei, N, Oppedisano, C, Papitto, A, G Pavlov, G, L Peirson, A, Pesce-Rollins, M, Petrucci, P-O, Pilia, M, Possenti, A, D Ramsey, B, Rankin, J, W Romani, R, Sgr??, C, Slane, P, Spandre, G, Tamagawa, T, Tavecchio, F, Taverna, R, Tawara, Y, F Tennant, A, E Thomas, N, Trois, A, S Tsygankov, S, Turolla, R, Vink, J, Wu, K, Xie, F, Zane, S, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), and Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Scattering, Galaxies: individual: Circinus, X-rays: galaxies, Galaxies: Seyfert, Settore FIS/05, Space and Planetary Science, Polarization, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Full list of authors: Ursini, F.; Marinucci, A.; Matt, G.; Bianchi, S.; Marin, F.; Marshall, H. L.; Middei, R.; Poutanen, J.; Rogantini, D.; De Rosa, A.; Di Gesu, L.; Garcia, J. A.; Ingram, A.; Kim, D. E.; Krawczynski, H.; Puccetti, S.; Soffitta, P.; Svoboda, J.; Tombesi, F.; Weisskopf, M. C.; Barnouin, T.; Perri, M.; Podgorny, J.; Ratheesh, A.; Zaino, A.; Agudo, I; Antonelli, L. A.; Bachetti, M.; Baldini, L.; Baumgartner, W. H.; Bellazzini, R.; Bongiorno, S. D.; Bonino, R.; Brez, A.; Bucciantini, N.; Capitanio, F.; Castellano, S.; Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Costa, E.; Del Monte, E.; Di Lalla, N.; Di Marco, A.; Donnarumma, I; Doroshenko, V; Dovciak, M.; Ehlert, S. R.; Enoto, T.; Evangelista, Y.; Fabiani, S.; Ferrazzoli, R.; Gunji, S.; Heyl, J.; Iwakiri, W.; Jorstad, S. G.; Karas, V; Kitaguchi, T.; Kolodziejczak, J. J.; La Monaca, F.; Latronico, L.; Liodakis, I; Maldera, S.; Manfreda, A.; Marscher, A. P.; Mitsuishi, I; Mizuno, T.; Muleri, F.; Ng, C. Y.; O'Dell, S. L.; Omodei, N.; Oppedisano, C.; Papitto, A.; Pavlov, G. G.; Peirson, A. L.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrucci, P-O; Pilia, M.; Possenti, A.; Ramsey, B. D.; Rankin, J.; Romani, R. W.; Sgro, C.; Slane, P.; Spandre, G.; Tamagawa, T.; Tavecchio, F.; Taverna, R.; Tawara, Y.; Tennant, A. F.; Thomas, N. E.; Trois, A.; Tsygankov, S. S.; Turolla, R.; Vink, J.; Wu, K.; Xie, F.; Zane, S., We report on the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observation of the closest and X-ray brightest Compton-thick active galactic nucleus (AGN), the Circinus galaxy. We find the source to be significantly polarized in the 2–6 keV band. From previous studies, the X-ray spectrum is known to be dominated by reflection components, both neutral (torus) and ionized (ionization cones). Our analysis indicates that the polarization degree is 28 ± 7 per cent (at 68 per cent confidence level) for the neutral reflector, with a polarization angle of 18° ± 5°, roughly perpendicular to the radio jet. The polarization of the ionized reflection is unconstrained. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations of the polarization expected from the torus shows that the neutral reflector is consistent with being an equatorial torus with a half-opening angle of 45°–55°. This is the first X-ray polarization detection in a Seyfert galaxy, demonstrating the power of X-ray polarimetry in probing the geometry of the circumnuclear regions of AGNs, and confirming the basic predictions of standard Unification Models. © 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society., The Imaging X ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is a joint US and Italian mission. The US contribution is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and led and managed by its Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), with industry partner Ball Aerospace (contract NNM15AA18C). The Italian contribution is supported by the Italian Space Agency (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI) through contract ASI-OHBI-2017-12-I.0, agreements ASI-INAF-2017-12-H0 and ASI-INFN-2017.13-H0, and its Space Science Data Center (SSDC) with agreements ASI-INAF-2022-14-HH.0 and ASI-INFN 2021-43-HH.0, and by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. This research used data products provided by the IXPE Team (MSFC, SSDC, INAF, and INFN) and distributed with additional software tools by the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). JPou and SST were supported by the Academy of Finland grants 349373 and 349906. AIng acknowledges support from the Royal Society. MDov, JSvo, and VKar acknowledge the support from the GACR project 21-06825X. POP acknowledges financial support from the French High Energy Program (PNHE/CNRS) and from the French spatial agency (CNES)., With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S).

Published
2022

21. X-ray polarization evidence for a 200-year-old flare of Sgr A .

Author

Marin F, Churazov E, Khabibullin I, Ferrazzoli R, Di Gesu L, Barnouin T, Di Marco A, Middei R, Vikhlinin A, Costa E, Soffitta P, Muleri F, Sunyaev R, Forman W, Kraft R, Bianchi S, Donnarumma I, Petrucci PO, Enoto T, Agudo I, Antonelli LA, Bachetti M, Baldini L, Baumgartner WH, Bellazzini R, Bongiorno SD, Bonino R, Brez A, Bucciantini N, Capitanio F, Castellano S, Cavazzuti E, Chen CT, Ciprini S, De Rosa A, Del Monte E, Di Lalla N, Doroshenko V, Dovčiak M, Ehlert SR, Evangelista Y, Fabiani S, Garcia JA, Gunji S, Hayashida K, Heyl J, Ingram A, Iwakiri W, Jorstad SG, Kaaret P, Karas V, Kitaguchi T, Kolodziejczak JJ, Krawczynski H, La Monaca F, Latronico L, Liodakis I, Maldera S, Manfreda A, Marinucci A, Marscher AP, Marshall HL, Massaro F, Matt G, Mitsuishi I, Mizuno T, Negro M, Ng CY, O'Dell SL, Omodei N, Oppedisano C, Papitto A, Pavlov GG, Peirson AL, Perri M, Pesce-Rollins M, Pilia M, Possenti A, Poutanen J, Puccetti S, Ramsey BD, Rankin J, Ratheesh A, Roberts OJ, Romani RW, Sgrò C, Slane P, Spandre G, Swartz D, Tamagawa T, Tavecchio F, Taverna R, Tawara Y, Tennant AF, Thomas NE, Tombesi F, Trois A, Tsygankov SS, Turolla R, Vink J, Weisskopf MC, Wu K, Xie F, and Zane S

Abstract

The centre of the Milky Way Galaxy hosts a black hole with a solar mass of about 4 million (Sagittarius A * (Sgr A)) that is very quiescent at present with a luminosity many orders of magnitude below those of active galactic nuclei 1 . Reflection of X-rays from Sgr A * by dense gas in the Galactic Centre region offers a means to study its past flaring activity on timescales of hundreds and thousands of years 2 . The shape of the X-ray continuum and the strong fluorescent iron line observed from giant molecular clouds in the vicinity of Sgr A * are consistent with the reflection scenario 3-5 . If this interpretation is correct, the reflected continuum emission should be polarized 6 . Here we report observations of polarized X-ray emission in the direction of the molecular clouds in the Galactic Centre using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. We measure a polarization degree of 31% ± 11%, and a polarization angle of -48° ± 11°. The polarization angle is consistent with Sgr A * being the primary source of the emission, and the polarization degree implies that some 200 years ago, the X-ray luminosity of Sgr A * was briefly comparable to that of a Seyfert galaxy., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Published
2023
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22. Bark beetles and pinhole borers recently or newly introduced to France (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae and Platypodinae).

Author

Barnouin T, Soldati F, Roques A, Faccoli M, Kirkendall LR, Mouttet R, Daubree JB, and Noblecourt T

Subjects
Animals, France, Plant Bark, Coleoptera, Weevils
Abstract

We present an annotated list of 11 Scolytinae and Platypodinae species newly or recently introduced to France. Four species are recorded for the first time as interceptions: Euplatypus hintzi (Schaufuss), Euplatypus parallelus (Fabricius), Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff and Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius). Two are possibly naturalised: Xyleborus bispinatus Eichhoff and Cryphalus dilutus Eichhoff, while Cyclorhipidion distinguendum (Eggers) and Xyloterinus politus (Say) are confirmed as species newly established in Europe. Moreover, an unidentified species of Amasa Lea, collected previously in Spain, is recorded for the first time in France: Amasa sp. near truncata (Erichson). We point out that literature references to Amasa truncata as an invasive species in New Zealand and South America are incorrect, as the photographs of these non-native populations do not match the holotype of A. truncata. For each species we have updated its global distribution, detailed all French records, and summarized biology, ecology, host trees and potential risks as pests.

Published
2020
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23. PASSIFOR: A reference library of DNA barcodes for French saproxylic beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera).

Author

Rougerie R, Lopez-Vaamonde C, Barnouin T, Delnatte J, Moulin N, Noblecourt T, Nusillard B, Parmain G, Soldati F, and Bouget C

Abstract

Saproxylic beetles - associated with dead wood or with other insects, fungi and microorganisms that decompose it - play a major role in forest nutrient cycling. They are important ecosystem service providers and are used as key bio-indicators of old-growth forests. In France alone, where the present study took place, there are about 2500 species distributed within 71 families. This high diversity represents a major challenge for specimen sorting and identification. The PASSIFOR project aims at developing a DNA metabarcoding approach to facilitate and enhance the monitoring of saproxylic beetles as indicators in ecological studies. As a first step toward that goal we assembled a library of DNA barcodes using the standard genetic marker for animals, i.e. a portion of the COI mitochondrial gene. In the present contribution, we release a library including 656 records representing 410 species in 40 different families. Species were identified by expert taxonomists, and each record is linked to a voucher specimen to enable future morphological examination. We also highlight and briefly discuss cases of low interspecific divergences, as well as cases of high intraspecific divergences that might represent cases of overlooked or cryptic diversity.

Published
2015
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