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A resonant instability of kinetic AlfvĂ©n waves (KAWs) driven by ion beam is discussed through a theoretical model encompassing Maxwellian background ions and beam ions and non-Maxwellian Îş -electrons. The ion beam velocity alone as a source is able to excite the KAWs up to a significant growth. The non-Maxwellian parameter Îş impedes the growth of KAWs by restricting the wave unstable region. The effects of other plasma parameters such as propagation angle, temperature of the plasma species, and ion plasma beta on the excitation of KAWs are also examined. The present model can generate waves with frequencies in the range of ≈6.6â€"51.2 mHz, which are relevant to explaining the observed ultralow frequency waves at auroral ionospheric altitudes. Theoretical model predictions will also be applicable to other planetary environments where ion beams and non-Maxwellian Îş -electrons are present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of two years pooled date revealed that sesamum with blackgram in the ratio of 5:3 + profenophos @ 2 ml/L used spray significantly lowest aphid/10 cm population followed by sesamum + black gram (5:3) with NSKE 5% gave 2.93 aphid/10 cm population. Similarly Jassid population / 5 terminal leaves resulted 1.50 and 2.50 in the same treatments, respectively. The Twing and Capsule damage was 0.93 and 1.53%, respectively. Seasamum (control) pooled population was 15.17, 10.80 in Aphid and Jassid significantly recorded higher number whereas 12.80 and 7.97% were recorded, respectively. Yield was recorded maximum in seed treatment + yellow sticky traps of seasum and lower BC ratio (1.21). Also, sesamum when inter-cropped with either black gram and green gram only registered lower number of population as compared with either only sesamum or with seed treatment, sesamum with yellow sticky trap and sesamum with seed treatment + yellow sticky trap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]