Introduction: Single-use bronchoscopes have replaced reusable ones in many institutions. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental and financial impacts of both strategies: reusable and single-use bronchoscopes., Material and Methods: We conducted a pragmatic study in a 21-bed polyvalent ICU, in Saint-Brieuc, Bretagne, France. The eco-audit consisted of estimating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, considering the life cycle of each strategy. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to construction, packaging, transport and waste elimination were compared between 2 devices: the reusable bronchoscope, a Pentax® FI-16RBS that was disinfected twice daily; and the single-use bronchoscope, the bronchoflex agile® from TSC., Results: For the reusable bronchoscope, GHG emissions were marginally impacted by the number of bronchoscopies performed (from 185 kg eq.CO 2 per year to 192 kg eq.CO 2 for 10 or 110 bronchoscopies per year). For the reusable device, GHG emissions directly depended on the number of bronchoscopies performed with 3.82 kg eq.CO 2 emitted per bronchoscopy. The breakeven point for the reusable bronchoscope was estimated at 50 bronchoscopies in terms of GHG emissions and 96 bronchoscopies for financial considerations., Conclusion: Considering current practice in our ICU, reusable bronchoscopes have lower GHG emissions when used more than 50 times a year and a lower cost when used more than 96 times a year as compared with single-use bronchoscopes., (Copyright © 2024 Société française d'anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)