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Abstract Introduction Mental health professionals, teachers, families, and public administrators are concerned about suicide rates among young people, particularly in the university context. For every ten college students worldwide, three attempt suicide in their lifetime, and two experience suicidal ideation. Reducing these rates requires interventions that recognize the problem in terms of risk factors and protective factors. Objective The general aim of the study was to map the protective factors for suicide among college students, as perceived by them, mental health professionals, and coordinators of undergraduate courses in a public university in the North of Brazil. Methods The study followed an exploratory, mixed-method design. Data were collected through interviews and the application of a questionnaire with 54 participants, including college students (n = 20), mental health professionals (n = 22), and course coordinators (n = 12). Data were analyzed using Content Analysis and simple descriptive statistics. Results The findings show that the protective factors for suicide most cited among the three groups were social support, strengthening of internal resources, institutional support, and finding meaning about the change to enter the university. Although the three audiences did not converge, the protective factors also frequently reported were psychological treatment, leisure activities, religious engagement, medical treatment, civic engagement, employability, opportunities for social ascension offered by the university, and quality family relationships. Conclusion It is suggested that these protective factors are considered when formulating policies to promote mental health and suicide prevention in the university environment.

Urban flooding has been considered one of the most severe natural disasters around the world, and urban greenspaces can provide important flood regulation ecosystem services. In Belo Horizonte (Brazil), the woody vegetation, especially the old-growth Ficus trees, appears to protect an urban park against the flooding of the Arrudas river. Thus, we compared the soil water content, soil water-holding capacity, soil aggregation and porosity among a highly permeable urban park planted with herbaceous and woody species, including Ficus, a semi-permeable parking lot with only Ficus and an impermeable site without trees (Disturbed Site-DS). The soil water content and water holding capacity of the urban park did not differ from that of the Ficus site, but it was lower than DS. These results were correlated with soil organic matter (SOM) content, soil aggregation and porosity, suggesting that Ficus trees play an important role in the hydrological cycle. To understand how the Fiscus species provide such soil permeability, we compared the aboveground plant biomass, soil fertility and soil carbon sequestration (total soil carbon, soil organic matter, humic and fulvic acids and soil isotopic δ13 C) in plots with Ficus and without this species within the park as well as in a preserved urban forest and a disturbed square. The outstanding plant biomass produced by Ficus species explained the high soil carbon sequestration, particularly in humic organic matter, favouring soil aggregation, porosity and water retention. Therefore, Ficus species may be considered an exceptional C-sequestering species, contributing for soil stabilization and the hydrological cycle in urban greenspaces.

O artigo discute a convergência de conteúdos no ensino de projeto em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, com ênfase em estratégias e instrumentos de integração não hierarquizada dos saberes e no desenho de ambiente de ensino e aprendizagem orientado para a interação não programada em contexto remoto. O texto está organizado em três partes. Primeiro, discute-se do lugar do projeto no ensino de arquitetura e urbanismo. Na segunda parte, apresentam-se e avaliam-se as estratégias e instrumentos desenvolvidos para integração não hierarquizada entre os saberes. Por último, examina-se o desenho do ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem orientado para a interação não programada. Trata-se de uma análise da Oficina Virtual Integrada, experimento realizado no contexto do Ensino Remoto Emergencial para enfrentamento das restrições impostas pelo isolamento social como medida de contenção da pandemia de COVID-19, ministrada em três edições na Escola de Arquitetura da UFMG entre 2020 e 2021. O experimento promoveu a concepção e a avaliação de estratégias para articulação entre os saberes e de ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem voltado à valorização do projeto como processo de invenção e ao trabalho colaborativo e compartilhado de orientações. Sua realização reitera a identificação da contradição entre a lógica administrativa e as demandas da formação integral e aponta para o necessário aprofundamento das questões levantadas e para a atenção à especificidade dos arranjos locais.

Purpose: To answer the following question: "Do recombinant, purified, and concentrated growth factors enhance the regenerative potential of particulate bone graft substitutes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSA)" Materials and Methods: Human studies comparing histomorphometric data on new bone formation, residual graft material, and fibrous tissue ratio (outcomes of interest) following MSA procedures employing particulate bone grafts/substitutes in combination or not with growth factors were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus online databases and complemented with a hand search. Controlled studies published in English up to December 2022 and reporting on histomorphometric data expressed as volume percentage of the outcomes of interest were considered. Risk of bias was assessed, and a meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of supplementary growth factors on new bone formation, remaining graft particles, and fibrous tissue ratio. Results: Data were included from 613 samples in 477 patients reported in 22 publications. Meta-analysis showed that platelet-rich plasma or platelet-rich fibrin resulted in 49% more new bone formation than in control group areas (P = .004), and those areas supplemented with growth factors presented 57% less residual graft particles after healing (P < .0001). A significant (P = .03) 1.85-fold increase in connective tissue formation was noted in areas treated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) after healing. Conclusions: Selective supplementary growth factors may enhance new bone formation and accelerate particulate graft turnover, while rhBMP may significantly increase connective tissue formation in MSA procedures in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Introduction: Low back pain is defined as pain, muscle spasm, or stiffness between the L1 and L5 vertebrae, below the lower margin of the twelfth rib and above the upper gluteal fold, and may or may not be associated with pain radiating to the lower limbs. Objective: To determine the prevalence of low back pain in spine surgeons. Method: A non-randomized quantitative cross-sectional clinical study was carried out in a sample of 95 spine surgeons in Brazil, with the application of the Oswestry and visual analog pain scales, in addition to a structured questionnaire for the characterization of the participants. Results: Among the studied population, 69.5% were orthopedists, 30.5% were neurosurgeons, and the mean age of the sample was 46 years (±10.6), with neurosurgeons being older than orthopedists. Regarding BMI, the majority (77.8%) were overweight or obese, and seventy-six percent performed physical activity. The prevalence of low back pain was 58.9%. No relevant differences were found in the time spent weekly in surgeries between those who had low back pain and those who did not (p = 0.364). Mean pain intensity was 2.0 (SD = 2.2), statistically (p = 0.025) higher in orthopedists (2.3) when compared to neurosurgeons (1.3). Regarding the ODI score, 98.2% of the surgeons had a minimal disability (0-20%) for daily activities. Conclusion: The prevalence of low back pain in spine surgeons is high and is associated with mild inability to perform daily activities. Level Of Evidence IV; Non-Randomized Quantitative Cross-Sectional Clinical Study.

In this work, we trace the dynamics of satellite DNAs (SatDNAs) accumulation and elimination along the pathway of W chromosome differentiation using the well-known Triportheus fish model. Triportheus stands out due to a conserved ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system present in all examined species. While the Z chromosome is conserved in all species, the W chromosome is invariably smaller and exhibits differences in size and morphology. The presumed ancestral W chromosome is comparable to that of T. auritus, and contains 19 different SatDNA families. Here, by examining five additional Triportheus species, we showed that the majority of these repetitive sequences were eliminated as speciation was taking place. The W chromosomes continued degeneration, while the Z chromosomes of some species began to accumulate some TauSatDNAs. Additional species-specific SatDNAs that made up the heterochromatic region of both Z and W chromosomes were most likely amplified in each species. Therefore, the W chromosomes of the various Triportheus species have undergone significant evolutionary changes in a short period of time (15–25 Myr) after their divergence.

Este estudo relata duas ações denominadas “Rodas de Conversa”, desenvolvidas a partir de projeto de extensão em andamento, com ênfase na promoção de saúde mental docente durante a pandemia da Covid-19. As rodas on-line foram realizadas em duas escolas de ensino fundamental, uma pública e outra privada, de duas cidades do Rio Grande do Sul. Os relatos dos(as) docentes foram registrados em diário de campo e analisados conforme as três etapas do processo de análise de conteúdo categorial temática de Bardin. A análise resultou em três categorias e a sua interpretação baseou-se na literatura publicada até o momento sobre Covid-19, trabalho docente e saúde mental. Os resultados apontam dificuldades dos(as) docentes com relação à configuração de ensino remoto, sobrecarga pela intensificação do trabalho e relatos de sintomas de ansiedade e estresse. Com relação às ações do projeto, destaca-se a importância de espaços de acolhimento e escuta das demandas docentes. Salienta-se a necessidade de intervenções que visem à prevenção e a promoção de saúde mental dos(as) professores(as), principalmente nesse contexto.

Buccal bone walls present significant resorption after tooth extraction, possibly related to the smaller bone thickness, length, and the sagittal position of the root, as well as the bone morphology. The goal of the present study was to measure the thickness of the cortical bone of the vestibular and palatal walls in the anterior maxilla by means of CBCT images. Measurements were taken from CBCT scans of 300 maxillary anterior teeth from 50 patients (25 women, 25 men) aged 18 to 30 years. The parameters evaluated included the thickness of the buccal and palatal cortical bone in the cervical, apical, and middle thirds of the root, as well as six specific angular measurements from each tooth. The lateral incisors showed a significant difference in thickness between each of the buccal and palatal thirds, and measurements were also significantly smaller than the central and canine incisors. Bone anatomy is toothand location-specific, and thus the sagittal root position within the alveolus influences the regional bone morphology and may explain the gingival zenith position in the anterior maxilla. These specific buccal and palatal anatomic parameters should be carefully taken into consideration for surgical planning and intervention in the esthetic area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately 75% of breast cancer cells express estrogen receptor positive, being the second leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide with an incidence of 25% per year. 16α-[18F]-fluoro-17β-estradiol, FES-18F, is a radiopharmaceutical that binds to estrogen receptors enabling the acquisition of molecular images for non-invasive diagnosis of primary and metastatic breast cancer using PET-CT. The objective of this work was to study the synthesis of FES-18F in the GE TRACERlab® MXFDG module, using the chemical kit and the ABX® disposable cassette, and to determine the process yield and the analytical parameters to be used in the routine production of this radiopharmaceutical. Automated synthesis occurs in 75 minutes and includes percolation of [18F-] fluoride into an anion exchange cartridge, cartridge elution, 3-step azeotropic drying, labeling using precursor 3-methoxymethyl-16β,17β-epiestriol-O-cyclic sulfone (MMSE) and a hydrolysis step. Product purification is done in the module using solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. The radiochemical yield was reproductive, regardless of fluor-18 activity at entry into the module, and the results of quality control tests suggest that the radiopharmaceutical meets the criteria established for other fluor-18-labelled radiopharmaceuticals that have monographs in official compendiums. In vivo biodistribution studies in healthy animals and with a tumor model developed with MCF-7 cells, demonstrated radiopharmaceutical uptake in excretory organs and specificity for breast tumor cells.

A proposta que existe dentro do segmento intitulado de turismo rural carece de análises, visto que os seus operadores e idealizadores ainda buscam formas de se transmitir ao visitante, em menor ou maior escala, um sentido ou uma experimentação das vivências do espaço rural. Por isso, este estudo objetiva-se a analisar se a exposição do turista à rotina do campo é capaz de proporcionar mudanças em seus hábitos e a importância da participação do visitante aos manejos rurais neste processo. Para atingir a este objetivo foram realizadas entrevistas com uso de um roteiro semiestruturado, tomando como procedimento metodológico a história oral. As conversas foram analisadas e organizadas em categorias temáticas, dando condições de obter um maior vislumbre das ofertas as quais os turistas entrevistados se expuseram e as quais eles atribuem mudanças, ressignificações ou abandonos de hábitos e mentalidades no retorno ao cotidiano. Os resultados apontaram para algumas convergências e pontos em comum entre alguns contextos de história de vida dos entrevistados e também nas rotinas rurais em que participaram; diferentes entrevistados atribuíram respectivas influências que culminaram em adoção ou abandonos de hábitos e mentalidades. Acredito que estudiosos do campo de estudos turísticos devem realizar mais pesquisas sobre este tema, pois ainda não me parece possível distinguir se as mudanças relatadas pelos turistas foram fruto apenas da participação nos manejos. Contudo, este trabalho também contribui para uma reflexão quanto a concepção da oferta turística no espaço rural com vistas a propostas de vivências de ruralidades contidas no que se entende por turismo rural.

As Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) são alvos constantes de pressões antrópicas. Sendo assim, a sua delimitação e a sua caracterização compõem uma importante informação para a tomada de decisão no que se refere a medidas que visam proteger ou recuperar essas áreas ambientalmente sensíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as APPs de corpos hídricos e quais são os tipos de conflitos no uso e na ocupação do solo urbano dessas áreas no município de Rio das Ostras, bem como as resoluções que têm sido efetuadas pelos órgãos de fiscalização ambiental, considerando a efetividade das intervenções. A pesquisa está baseada em método exploratório-descritivo com revisão da literatura na área ambiental, com foco nas APPs de corpos hídricos. Neste sentido, buscou-se um universo de estudo com as publicações mais relevantes, a partir do modelo do estudo bibliométrico. É possível concluir que as APPs são essenciais para a manutenção da função ecológica do ambiente, mas que, em conflito com o uso e a ocupação do solo, acabam sendo ineficazes na proteção do meio.