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7. The Immunological Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children Is Linked to Clinical Severity and Age

Author

Vanetti, Claudia, primary, Lampasona, Vito, additional, Stracuzzi, Marta, additional, Fenizia, Claudio, additional, Biasin, Mara, additional, Saulle, Irma, additional, Limanaqi, Fiona, additional, Abdelsalam, Ahmed, additional, Loretelli, Cristian, additional, Paradiso, Laura, additional, Longoni, Emma, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Piemonti, Lorenzo, additional, Marzinotto, Ilaria, additional, Dispinseri, Stefania, additional, Amendola, Antonella, additional, Fappani, Clara, additional, Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional, Clerici, Mario Salvatore, additional, Scarlatti, Gabriella, additional, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional, Giacomet, Vania, additional, and Trabattoni, Daria, additional

Published
2023
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9. Neglected Populations Not to Be Forgotten: Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance in Neonatal Infections.

Author

Barcellini, Lucia, Bresesti, Ilia, and Folgori, Laura

Subjects
NEONATAL infections, DRUG resistance in microorganisms, NEONATAL intensive care units, CHILD patients, NEONATAL sepsis
Abstract

This document discusses the challenges and importance of addressing antimicrobial resistance in neonatal infections. Neonatal deaths due to infections are a significant contributor to child mortality, and diagnosing and treating severe bacterial infections in neonates can be difficult. The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens poses a threat to both high-income and low/middle-income countries, especially in neonatal intensive care units. Understanding local resistance patterns is crucial for selecting appropriate treatment strategies, and the misuse of antibiotics can perpetuate resistance. Conducting clinical trials involving neonates is challenging due to ethical considerations and the diverse nature of pediatric populations. Limited data is available on the impact of resistance profiles and treatment choices on patient mortality. The document also provides an overview of published papers in a special issue on this topic, including studies on antimicrobial stewardship programs, colonization screening, the impact of antibiotic therapy on the gut microbiota, and the management of gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. The document concludes by highlighting the need for a universally applicable definition of neonatal sepsis and the challenges faced in conducting research on neonatal infections. The text emphasizes the importance of evidence-based approaches to address neonatal sepsis and improve healthcare decisions for newborns. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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13. The immunological profile of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is linked to clinical severity and age

Author

Vanetti, Claudia, primary, Stracuzzi, Marta, additional, Lampasona, Vito, additional, Fenizia, Claudio, additional, Biasin, Mara, additional, Saulle, Irma, additional, Limanaqi, Fiona, additional, Abdelsalam, Ahmed, additional, Loretelli, Cristian, additional, Paradiso, Laura, additional, Longoni, Emma, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Piemonti, Lorenzo, additional, Marzinotto, Ilaria, additional, Dispinseri, Stefania, additional, Amendola, Antonella, additional, Fappani, Clara, additional, Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional, Clerici, Mario, additional, Scarlatti, Gabriella, additional, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional, Giacomet, Vania, additional, and Trabattoni, Daria, additional

Published
2022
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14. Preschool-located influenza vaccination and influenza-like illness surveillance: an Italian pilot experience

Author

Amendola, Antonella, primary, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Borghi, Elisa, additional, Bianchi, Silvia, additional, Garancini, Nicolò, additional, Nava, Chiara, additional, Mari, Alessandra, additional, Sala, Anna, additional, Fappani, Clara, additional, Gori, Maria, additional, Ottaviano, Emerenziana, additional, Colzani, Daniela, additional, Biganzoli, Elia Mario, additional, Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional, and Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, additional

Published
2022
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16. Does school reopening affect SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among school-age children in Milan?

Author

Barcellini, Lucia, primary, Forlanini, Federica, additional, Sangiorgio, Arianna, additional, Gambacorta, Greta, additional, Alberti, Luisella, additional, Meta, Andrea, additional, Gaia, Paola, additional, Amendola, Antonella, additional, Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional, Massa, Valentina, additional, Borghi, Elisa, additional, Fabiano, Valentina, additional, and Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional

Published
2021
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19. A Systematic Review of Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Children Presenting with COVID-19

Author

Salvatore, Silvia, primary, Agosti, Massimo, additional, Arrigo, Serena, additional, Stracuzzi, Marta, additional, Dilillo, Dario, additional, Folgori, Laura, additional, Giacchero, Roberta, additional, Giacomet, Vania, additional, Longoni, Emma, additional, Meini, Antonella, additional, Marseglia, Gian Luigi, additional, Plebani, Alessandro, additional, Ruffolo, Alessandro Ferdinando, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, and Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo, additional

Published
2021
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20. Saliva sampling for chasing SARS-CoV-2: A Game-changing strategy

Author

Borghi, Elisa, primary, Massa, Valentina, additional, Carmagnola, Daniela, additional, Dellavia, Claudia, additional, Parodi, Chiara, additional, Ottaviano, Emerenziana, additional, Sangiorgio, Arianna, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Gambacorta, Greta, additional, Forlanini, Federica, additional, and Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional

Published
2021
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21. Dried Blood Spot as an Alternative to Plasma/Serum for SARS-CoV-2 IgG Detection, an Opportunity to Be Sized to Facilitate COVID-19 Surveillance Among Schoolchildren

Author

Amendola, Antonella, primary, Bianchi, Silvia, additional, Gori, Maria, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Colzani, Daniela, additional, Canuti, Marta, additional, Giacomet, Vania, additional, Fabiano, Valentina, additional, Folgori, Laura, additional, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional, and Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2020
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23. Back to school: use of Dried Blood Spot for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) among schoolchildren in Milan, Italy

Author

Amendola, Antonella, primary, Bianchi, Silvia, additional, Gori, Maria, additional, Barcellini, Lucia, additional, Colzani, Daniela, additional, Canuti, Marta, additional, Giacomet, Vania, additional, Fabiano, Valentina, additional, Folgori, Laura, additional, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, additional, and Tanzi, Elisabetta, additional

Published
2020
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30. App-based symptoms screening with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay used for active tuberculosis detection in migrants at point of arrivals in Italy: The E-DETECT TB intervention analysis.

Author

Barcellini, Lucia, Borroni, Emanuele, Cimaglia, Claudia, Girardi, Enrico, Matteelli, Alberto, Marchese, Valentina, Stancanelli, Giovanna, Abubakar, Ibrahim, null, null, and Cirillo, Daniela Maria

Subjects
*TUBERCULOSIS, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *MOBILE apps, *IMMIGRANTS, *INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

Background: From 2014 to 2017, the number of migrants who came to Italy via the Mediterranean route has reached an unprecedented level. The majority of refugees and migrants were rescued in the Central Mediterranean and disembarked at ports in the Sicily region. Rapid on-spot active TB screening intervention at the point of arrival will cover most migrants arriving in EU and by detecting TB prevalent cases will limit further transmission of the disease. Material and methods: Between November 2016 and December 2017 newly arrived migrants at point of arrivals in Sicily, were screened for active Tuberculosis using a smartphone application, followed in symptomatic individuals by fast molecular test, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, on collected sputum samples. Results: In the study period 3787 migrants received a medical evaluation. Eight hundred and ninety-one (23.5%) reported at least one protocol-defined Tuberculosis symptom. Fifteen (2.7%) were positive to at least one microbiological test revealing a post-entry screening prevalence rate of 396 per 100.000 individuals screened (95% CI: 2.22–6.53). In logistic regression analysis, those with cough and at least one other symptom had an increased probability of testing positive compared to persons with symptoms other than cough. Whole-genome-sequencing demonstrate two separate cases of transmission. Discussion: To our knowledge this study reports first-time results of an active TB case finding strategy based on on-spot symptom screening using a smartphone application, followed by fast molecular test on collected sputum samples. Our preliminary findings reveal a post-entry screening prevalence rate of 396 per 100.000 individuals screened (95% CI: 2.22–6.53). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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32. First evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus performance in contact screening

Author

Barcellini, Lucia, primary, Borroni, Emanuele, additional, Brown, James, additional, Brunetti, Enrico, additional, Campisi, Daniela, additional, Castellotti, Paola F., additional, Codecasa, Luigi R., additional, Cugnata, Federica, additional, Di Serio, Clelia, additional, Ferrarese, Maurizio, additional, Goletti, Delia, additional, Lipman, Marc, additional, Rancoita, Paola M.V., additional, Russo, Giulia, additional, Tadolini, Marina, additional, Vanino, Elisa, additional, and Cirillo, Daniela M., additional

Published
2016
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33. First independent evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Plus performance

Author

Barcellini, Lucia, primary, Borroni, Emanuele, additional, Brown, James, additional, Brunetti, Enrico, additional, Codecasa, Luigi, additional, Cugnata, Federica, additional, Dal Monte, Paola, additional, Di Serio, Clelia, additional, Goletti, Delia, additional, Lombardi, Giulia, additional, Lipman, Marc, additional, Rancoita, Paola M.V., additional, Tadolini, Marina, additional, and Cirillo, Daniela M., additional

Published
2016
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34. First evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus performance in contact screening

Author

Maurizio Ferrarese, Federica Cugnata, Marina Tadolini, Elisa Vanino, Enrico Brunetti, Emanuele Borroni, Paola M.V. Rancoita, Luigi Codecasa, Lucia Barcellini, James Brown, Clelia Di Serio, Daniela Campisi, Marc Lipman, Paola Castellotti, Delia Goletti, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Giulia Russo, Barcellini, Lucia, Borroni, Emanuele, Brown, Jame, Brunetti, Enrico, Campisi, Daniela, Castellotti, Paola F., Codecasa, Luigi R., Cugnata, Federica, Di Serio, Clelia, Ferrarese, Maurizio, Goletti, Delia, Lipman, Marc, Rancoita, Paola Maria Vittoria, Russo, Giulia, Tadolini, Marina, Vanino, Elisa, Cirillo, Daniela M., and Rancoita, Paola M. V.

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Tuberculosis, Tuberculin, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, QuantiFERON, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Interferon-gamma, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigen, Latent Tuberculosis, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Aged, Models, Statistical, biology, Latent tuberculosis, business.industry, Tuberculin Test, Incidence, Middle Aged, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030228 respiratory system, Italy, Immunology, Female, Interferon-gamma Release Tests, Contact Tracing, business, Contact tracing
Abstract

Identifying latently infected individuals is crucial for the elimination of tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated for the first time the performance of a new type of interferon-γ release assay, QuantiFERON-TB Plus (QFT-Plus), which includes an additional antigen tube (TB2), stimulating both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in contacts of TB patients.Contacts were screened for latent TB infection by tuberculin skin test, QFT-Plus and QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube (QFT-GIT).In 119 TB contacts, the overall agreement between QFT-Plus and QFT-GIT was high, with a Cohen's κ of 0.8. Discordant results were found in 12 subjects with negative QFT-GIT and positive QFT-Plus results. In analyses of markers of TB exposure and test results, the average time spent with the index case was the strongest risk factor for positivity in each of these tests. The difference in interferon-γ production between the two antigen tubes (TB2−TB1) was used as an estimate of CD8+ stimulation provided by the TB2. TB2−TB1 values >0.6 IU·mL−1 were significantly associated with proximity to the index case and European origin.QFT-Plus has a stronger association with surrogate measures of TB exposure than QFT-GIT in adults screened for latent TB infection. Interferon-γ response in the new antigen tube used an indirect estimate of specific CD8+ response correlates with increased Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure, suggesting a possible role in identifying individuals with recent infection.

Published
2016

35. First independent evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB Plus performance

Author

Enrico Brunetti, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Emanuele Borroni, Paola Dal Monte, Federica Cugnata, Giulia Lombardi, Paola M.V. Rancoita, Clelia Di Serio, James Brown, Marc Lipman, Lucia Barcellini, Delia Goletti, Marina Tadolini, Luigi Codecasa, Barcellini, Lucia, Borroni, Emanuele, Brown, Jame, Brunetti, Enrico, Codecasa, Luigi, Cugnata, Federica, Dal Monte, Paola, Di Serio, Clelia, Goletti, Delia, Lombardi, Giulia, Lipman, Marc, Rancoita, Paola Maria Vittoria, Tadolini, Marina, Cirillo, Daniela M., Lucia Barcellini, Emanuele Borroni, James Brown, Enrico Brunetti, Luigi Codecasa, Federica Cugnata, Paola Dal Monte, Clelia Di Serio, Delia Goletti, Giulia Lombardi, Marc Lipman, Paola M.V. Rancoita, Marina Tadolini, and Daniela M. Cirillo

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, MEDLINE, QuantiFERON, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Active tb, Internal medicine, Immunology, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract

Tuberculosis elimination requires an effective strategy to diagnose and treat people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis who would otherwise be at high risk of developing and transmitting active disease [1, 2]. The diagnostic tools for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the T-cell interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs). Two IGRAs are commercially available, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and T-SPOT.TB (Oxford Immunotec, Abingdon, UK). Compared to the TST, IGRAs offer operational advantages and higher specificity in the bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated population [3], and they are at least as sensitive for LTBI [4]. However, IGRAs have limitations: reduced sensitivity in children and immunocompromised subjects, including HIV-infected individuals [3, 4]; failure to discriminate between active tuberculosis and LTBI; and poor correlation with the risk of progression to active disease [3].

Published
2016

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