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Background: Percutaneous mitral paravalvular leak (PVL) closure techniques are an effective and safe alternative to surgical treatment, but data regarding long-term outcomes are scarce. We aim to describe the impact of successful percutaneous mitral PVL closure on long-term outcomes., Methods: All consecutive patients in whom a first-attempt percutaneous mitral PVL closure was performed in a single tertiary centre between January 2010 and October 2021 were included. Clinical variables, procedural details, and procedural success were collected. Patients were classified based on procedural success, defined as no more than mild residual leak. All-cause mortality was the primary endpoint. Cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalizations (HFHs) were key secondary endpoints., Results: Ninety patients (median age 72.5 years [66.0-78.4]; median EuroSCORE-II 8.2 [5.3-12.46]) were included. Although reduction of at least 1 degree in PVL severity was achieved in 82 (91.1%), procedural success was achieved in 47 (52.2%). Chronic kidney disease, previous surgery for PVL, and the presence of multiple jets were independently associated with procedural failure. After a median follow-up of 3.2 (1.2-5.2) years, mortality rate was higher in the procedural failure group (27.3 per 100 patients-years) compared with the group with successful closure (8.2 per 100 patient-years). Procedural failure was associated with all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-4.78), cardiovascular death (aHR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.67-7.49) and HFH (aHR, 3.27; 95% CI,1.72-6.20)., Conclusions: A successful reduction in PVL to mild or absent is associated with improved rates of all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and HFHs., (Copyright © 2023 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The damage caused in the economy and animal sanity by the porcine colibacilosis are significant and they deserve the investigation of preventive measures that give answers to the producers. Existing at the present time approximately 21,000 pigs in Corrientes and 110,000 in Chaco provinces of Argentine, the losses for diarrhea that exterminate whole litters, acquire relevance, specially if they can be prevented or cured. For that reason, having 21 strains of enteropathogenic and verocitotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC/VTEC) isolated from pigs of the North East of Argentine, that were recognized by PCR, two were selected, containing the genes for STIa, STIb, LTI, VT2e (SLT-IIv) and F4 (K88). They were spread on nutrient agar and Minca medium, to obtain the suspension in PBS, which was inactivated with formol. After the sterility and innocuity controls, it was diluted to a 12 x 10(8) concentration to make the mouse protection test in 20 mice, of 18-20 g, inoculating the vaccine the days 1, 4, 7 and 10, by the intraperitoneal route, doses of 0.25 ml each one. The day 21 after beginning the test the animals were challenged with 50 LD50, and a protection of 85% was obtained. To determine the LD50, we prepared a suspension in physiologic solution, corresponding to Mac Farland's tube No 10, making dilutions from 10(-1) to 10(-5) and applying the statistical method of Reed and Muench. These first results encourage us to continue working after a prophylactic measure that were effective, potent and elaborated with strains of this area.