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The impairments in cognitive functions such as memory, executive function, visuospatial skills and language in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are drawing increasing attention in the current literature. Studies dedicated to investigating the relationship between subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) and cognitive functioning are contradictory. This systematic review aims to analyze the impact on the cognitive functioning of patients with PD and STN-DBS. Articles published in the 2007-2017 period were retrieved from the Medline/Pubmed databases using PRISMA criteria. The analysis of 27 articles revealed many conflicting results, precluding a consensus on a cognitive functioning standard and hampering the establishment of a neuropsychological profile for PD patients who underwent STN-DBS surgery. Further studies investigating this relationship are needed. Resumo As deficiências nas funções cognitivas, como memória, função executiva, habilidades visuoespaciais e linguagem na doença de Parkinson (DP), estão cada vez mais chamando a atenção na literatura atual. Estudos dedicados a investigar a relação entre a estimulação cerebral profunda do núcleo subtalâmico (ECP-NST) e o funcionamento cognitivo são contraditórios. Esta revisão sistemática tem como objetivo analisar o impacto no funcionamento cognitivo de pacientes com DP e ECP-NST. Os artigos foram coletados nas bases de dados Medline / Pubmed publicadas no período de 2007-2017, utilizando os critérios do PRISMA. Após a análise de 27 artigos observou-se muitos resultados opostos, não sendo possível convencionar um padrão de funcionamento cognitivo o que dificulta o estabelecimento de um perfil neuropsicológico para pacientes com essa doença que foram submetidos à cirurgia de ECP-NST, sendo necessários mais estudos.

In addition to drug treatment, surgical intervention represents an alternative to PD patients with motor deficits. The most common intervention is subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS). It is extremely important to perform a neuropsychological assessment in patients with STN-DBS, not only to identify losses related to the disease, but also to compare influence on cognition both pre and postoperatively. Objective: the objective of this systematic review was to investigate the instruments frequently used in studies related to STN-DBS in PD patients. Methods: articles were retrieved from Medline/Pubmed databases published in the 2007-2017 period using PRISMA criteria. Results: after analyzing 27 articles, the absence of a specific evaluation protocol for PD with STN-DBS was evident. Conclusion: non-motor symptoms are not given due importance in neuropsychological assessments. It is crucial to acknowledge that these symptoms have a major impact on the quality of life of patients. Greater engagement in assessing these aspects is required, in order to bridge the gaps in research. RESUMO. Além do tratamento medicamentoso, a intervenção cirúrgica é uma alternativa aos pacientes com DP com déficits motores. A mais comum é a estimulação cerebral profunda do núcleo subtalâmico (ECP-NST). É extremamente importante realizar uma avaliação neuropsicológica em pacientes com ECP-NST, não apenas para identificar perdas relacionadas à doença, mas também para comparar a influência na cognição em cirurgias pré e pós-operatórias. Objetivo: esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo investigar os instrumentos frequentemente utilizados em pesquisas relacionadas a ECP-NST em pacientes com DP. Métodos: Os artigos foram coletados nas bases de dados Medline / Pubmed publicadas no período de 2007-2017, utilizando os critérios do PRISMA. Resultados: após a análise de 27 artigos, percebeu-se a ausência de um protocolo de avaliação específico para a DP com ECP-NST. Conclusão: os sintomas não motores não tem recebido a devida importância na avaliação neuropsicológica. É fundamental reconhecer que eles representam grande influência na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. É necessário maior engajamento na avaliação desses aspectos, a fim de preencher as lacunas das pesquisas.

The identification of essential oils constituents has been made easier and faster by the use of automatic software search engines that compare the experimental mass spectra and calculate the retention indices with those in commercial databases. However, these search engines and databases are very expensive. Electronic sheets have been assembled in a set of linked sheets, so that after some data is inserted, linear retention indices, relative response factors, normalization, area correction and absolute quantitation are calculated automatically. The set has been applied to the analysis of essential oils and volatiles in laboratory routine and substantial reduction in time-consuming and error-prone repetitive work were observed. One specific example for the analysis of an essential oil is provided. The designed electronic sheets can be a costless alternative to commercial software for data handling and identification. Made available in DSpace on 2020-06-06T04:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Quim-Nova-2020-43-098-105-planilhas-e-OE.pdf: 1731210 bytes, checksum: acea5962e6c9d730f0de8f9b4ce49b06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Nota Técnica. A set of electronic sheets for the identification and quantification of constituents of essential oils.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar isolados de Pythium e Phytopythium obtidos de plantas olerícolas e invasoras provenientes de diversas regiões produtoras de hortaliças do Brasil, avaliar a sensibilidade ao fungicida mefenoxam in vitro e determinar a gama de hospedeiras entre diversas espécies olerícolas. Para a identificação inicial dos isolados, o DNA genômico foi extraído para o sequenciamento das regiões ITS do rDNA e citocromo c oxidase II (Cox II). Em seguida, avaliou-se a sensibilidade in vitro ao fungicida mefenoxam nas concentrações de 5, 10 e 100 g.mL-1 e a gama de hospedeiras dos isolados em 17 cultivares pertencentes a 14 culturas olerícolas diferentes. Por fim, foi realizado um levantamento de espécies de Pythium e Phytopythium associadas a plantas invasoras, com sintomas de tombamento ou podridão de raiz, em campos de produção de hortaliças no Brasil. Made available in DSpace on 2022-08-16T14:21:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elenice-Alves-Barboza-TS-2020.pdf: 4802116 bytes, checksum: d071bbb5d41ff75dee7f1995f47db755 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Tese (Doutorado em Fitopatolgia) - Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF. Orientador: Ailton Reis, pesquisador da Embrapa Hortaliças.

The use of biodegradable polymers arouses great biotechnological interest because their chemical composition favors the interaction with biological systems, allowing applications in health and environment besides are easily decomposed. This work presents the first effort of extraction, characterization and proposition of the polysaccharide of Anacardium othonianum Rizz. (PEJU-GO) as material with potential for biotechnological applications. Based on scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectra and thermogravimetric analysis, the polysaccharide of A. othonianum Rizz. is a microporous structure, with numerous intramolecular interactions due to the presence of polar groups that give the material great thermal stability. In addition to the thin layer chromatographic data, the analysis of the chemical composition demonstrates the existence of a galactomannan type structure, with low protein content. The presence of chalcones and flavonoid compounds were also detected. The polysaccharide was able to immobilize Horseradish peroxidase with 75% efficiency over an extended pH range and presented storage and operational stabilities.

The use of biodegradable polymers arouses biotechnological interest. This use allows applications in health and environment. Here is present the characterization and a proposition for the use of cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) polysaccharide including peroxidase immobilization for wastewater bioremediation. From the cashew gum exudate, the polysaccharide was extracted by precipitation in ethanol at 4 °C. This material is able to immobilize Horseradish peroxidase by physical adsorption and via sodium periodate with 75% and 93% of efficiency, respectively. These systems have a storage and operational stability, and removed phenolic compounds above 50% in industrial effluent samples. The bioassays in the presence of Artemia salina and Allium cepa root not only revealed no toxicity to this polysaccharide, but also presented the ability to reduce the toxicity of the industrial effluent by 50%. Immobilized cashew polysaccharide complexes are potential alternatives for waste treatment and decontaminant agents for water treatment applications. The polysaccharide is a low-cost natural matrix for environmental-technological applications.

Characterizing cognitive decline in older adults with MCI over time is important to identify the cognitive profile of those who convert to dementia.This study examined the two-year cognitive trajectory of elderly adults diagnosed with MCI, from geriatrics and neurology outpatient clinics of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro.62 older adults with MCI were submitted to a neuropsychological battery and re-evaluated after two years. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to assess differences between groups with respect to education, functioning, the Geriatric Depression Scale and diagnosis.24.2% converted to dementia after two years. The group with declines in two or more cognitive functions had a higher conversion rate to dementia than the group with decline in executive functions (EF) only (Z = -2.11, p = .04). The EF decline group had higher scores on the depression scale than both the memory decline group (Z = -1.99, p = .05) and multiple decline group (Z = -2.23, p = .03).The present study found different cognitive decline profiles in elderly adults with MCI and differences between them regarding depressive symptoms and rate of conversion to dementia.Caracterizar o declínio cognitivo em idosos com Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve (CCL) ao longo do tempo é importante para identificar o perfil cognitivo de quem converte para demência.Estudar as trajetórias evolutivas de dois anos de acompanhamento de idosos com CCL assistidos em clinicas de geriatria e neurologia de um Hospital Federal na cidade do Rio de Janeiro.62 idosos com CCL foram submetidos a uma bateria neuropsicológica e reavaliados após dois anos. O teste U de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para avaliar as diferenças entre os grupos quanto a escolaridade, funcionalidade, escala de depressão geriátrica e diagnóstico.24,2% converteram-se em demência após dois anos. O grupo com declínio em duas ou mais funções cognitivas apresentou maior porcentagem de conversão para demência do que o grupo com declínio apenas nas funções executivas (Z = -2,11, p = 0,04). O grupo de declínio das FEs, apresentou escores maiores na escala de depressão do que o grupo de declínio na memória (Z = -1.99, p = .05) e múltiplos declínios (Z = -2.23, p = .03).O presente estudo mostrou que existem perfis diferentes de declínio cognitivo em idosos com CCL e que existem diferenças entre eles em relação a sintomas depressivos e a taxa de conversão para demência.

Presentamos la experiencia de tres pacientes obesos que fueron sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico de manga gástrica y que desarrollaron dehiscencia de sutura gástrica con peritonitis generalizada, sepsis y shock por lo que fueron sometidos a degastrectomía total (resección del remanente gástrico) y reconstrucción inmediata de esófago yeyuno anastomosis en Y de Roux como última medida de tratamiento salvador de vida. Three obese patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy. They developed gastric dehiscence with generalized peritonitis, sepsis and shock, being operated as total gastrectomy of the remanent stomach with Roux in Y esophago-jejunostomy reconstruction as a last chance of life saving procedure.