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1,120 results on '"Barbier M."'

1. Building integrated plant health surveillance: a proactive research agenda for anticipating and mitigating disease and pest emergence

Author

Soubeyrand, S., Estoup, A., Cruaud, A., Malembic-Maher, S., Meynard, C., Ravigné, V., Barbier, M., Barrès, B., Berthier, K., Boitard, S., Dallot, S., Gaba, S., Grosdidier, M., Hannachi, M., Jacques, M.-A., Leclerc, M., Lucas, P., Martinetti, D., Mougel, C., Robert, C., Roques, A., Rossi, J.-P., Suffert, F., Abad, P., Auger-Rozenberg, M.-A., Ay, J.-S., Bardin, M., Bernard, H., Bohan, D. A., Candresse, T., Castagnone-Sereno, P., Danchin, E. G. J., Delmas, C. E. L., Ezanno, P., Fabre, F., Facon, B., Gabriel, E., Gaudin, J., Gauffre, B., Gautier, M., Guinat, C., Lavigne, C., Lemaire, O., Martinez, C., Michel, L., Moury, B., Nam, K., Nédellec, C., Ogliastro, M., Papaïx, J., Parisey, N., Poggi, S., Radici, A., Rasplus, J.-Y., Reboud, X., Robin, C., Roche, M., Rusch, A., Sauvion, N., Streito, J.-C., Verdin, E., Walker, A.-S., Xuéreb, A., Thébaud, G., and Morris, C. E.

Published
2024
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2. Stochastic Joint Simulation of Facies and Diagenesis: A Case Study on Early Diagenesis of the Madison Formation (Wyoming, USA) Simulation stochastique couplée faciès et diagenèse. L’exemple de la diagenèse précoce dans la Formation Madison (Wyoming, USA)

Author

Barbier M., Hamon Y., Doligez B., Callot J.-P., Floquet M., and Daniel J.-M.

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, HD9502-9502.5
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to propose an integrated approach to reproduce both facies and diagenetic trends in a static reservoir model based on an outcrop case study. In Wyoming (USA), the Madison Formation (Mississippian) is a thick (up to 350 m) carbonate series, outcropping in several locations of the Bighorn foreland basin. Within these series, nine sedimentary facies have been identified. Based on their vertical stacking pattern, they are organized in small-scale facies sequences: 1) intertidal to supratidal facies sequence; 2) shallow subtidal to intertidal facies sequence; 3) deep subtidal facies sequence. These facies associations have been integrated in a synthetic depositional model, which corresponds to a carbonate ramp progressively evolving towards the most inner part of a platform. This enables to propose a sequence stratigraphy framework for the studied series, that represents at least six third-order sequences (some of them being locally eroded). The diagenetic study has been focused on the identification of the early diagenetic phases. Results from these analyses show the occurrence of several successive early diagenetic phases (micritization, marine calcite cementation, dolomitization, etc.). For modeling purposes, seven “diagenetic imprints” have been defined, each of them corresponding to a succession of diagenetic phases that can coexist in the same sedimentary facies. Moreover, as each sedimentary facies may be affected by several diagenetic imprints, a quantification of these imprints has been realized. A 3D gridded model designed for geostatistical modeling has been constructed in order to reproduce the facies organization of the three first third-order sequences (that are the best documented). The gridding is then based on the four sequence boundaries which have been recognized on every section. The relationships between sedimentary facies and diagenesis have been used to define lithofacies simulation rules. The simulations are based on the plurigaussian and nested algorithms. Finally, a discussion on the distribution of the potential reservoir heterogeneities is proposed, taking into account the sedimentary characteristics (facies, architectures, etc.) and the diagenetic impact. Nous proposons dans cet article une approche intégrée visant à reproduire à la fois les faciès sédimentaires et les phases diagénétiques associées, au sein d’un modèle statique de réservoir. Dans le Wyoming (USA), la Formation Madison (d’âge Mississippien) est une formation carbonatée, épaisse de 200 à 350 m, affleurant dans plusieurs zones du bassin d’avant-pays des Bighorn. Au sein de cette série, nous avons identifié neuf faciès sédimentaires, groupés en trois séquences de faciès (basées sur l’empilement vertical des faciès) : 1) une séquence inter- à supratidale; 2) une séquence subtidale peu profonde à intertidale; 3) une séquence subtidale profonde et ouverte. Ces faciès ont ensuite été intégrés au sein d’un modèle de dépôts synthétique, correspondant à une rampe carbonatée évoluant graduellement vers une géométrie de plate-forme dont seule la partie la plus interne est reconnue. Ce travail a permis de proposer un cadre chronostratigraphique pour la série, qui couvre au moins six séquences de dépôts de troisième ordre (certaines d’entre elles étant localement absentes car érodées). L’étude de la diagenèse s’est concentrée sur l’identification et la succession des phases diagénétiques précoces (micritisation, cimentation calcitique, dolomitisation, etc.). Pour les besoins de la modélisation, sept « empreintes diagénétiques » ont été définies, chacune d’entre elles correspondant à une succession de phases diagénétiques coexistant au sein d’un même faciès sédimentaire. De plus, nous avons quantifié la proportion relative de chaque empreinte diagénétique affectant un faciès sédimentaire. Un modèle maillé 3D a alors été bâti afin de reproduire l’organisation des faciès des trois premières séquences de dépôts (qui sont les mieux documentées). Le maillage est donc basé sur les quatre limites de séquences reconnues sur toutes les coupes. Les relations entre faciès sédimentaires et diagenèse ont été utilisées pour définir les paramètres de simulation. Ces dernières sont basées sur des algorithmes plurigaussien et emboîtés. Finalement, nous proposons une discussion sur la distribution des hétérogénéités réservoirs potentielles, prenant en compte à la fois les caractéristiques sédimentaires (faciès, architecture, continuité latérale, etc.) mais également l’impact de la diagenèse.

Published
2011
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5. Microreversibility and quantum transport in Aharonov-Bohm rings

Author

Barbier, M. and Gaspard, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

The consequences of microreversibility for the linear and nonlinear transport properties of systems subjected to external magnetic fields are systematically investigated in Aharonov-Bohm rings connected to two, three, and four terminals. Within the independent electron approximation, the cumulant generating function, which fully specifies the statistics of the nonequilibrium currents, is expressed in terms of the scattering matrix of these circuits. The time-reversal symmetry relations up to the third responses of the currents and the fourth cumulants are analytically investigated and numerically tested as a function of the magnetic flux. The validity of such relations is thus firmly confirmed in this class of open quantum systems.

Published
2020
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8. Spontaneous four-wave mixing in liquid-core fibers: Towards fibered Raman-free correlated photon sources

Author

Barbier, M., Zaquine, I., and Delaye, P.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, the generation of correlated photon pairs in a liquid-core photonic crystal fiber. Moreover, we show that, thanks to the specific Raman properties of liquids, the Raman noise (which is the main limitation of the performance of silica-core fiber-based correlated photon pair sources) is highly reduced. With a demonstrated coincident-to-accidental ratio equal to 63 and a pair generation efficiency of about 10$^{-4}$ per pump pulse, this work opens the way for the development of high quality correlated photon pair sources for quantum communications., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to New Journal of Physics

Published
2015
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12. Single-layer and bilayer graphene superlattices: collimation, additional Dirac points and Dirac lines

Author

Barbier, M., Vasilopoulos, P., and Peeters, F. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We review the energy spectrum and transport properties of several types of one- dimensional superlattices (SLs) on single-layer and bilayer graphene. In single-layer graphene, for certain SL parameters an electron beam incident on a SL is highly collimated. On the other hand there are extra Dirac points generated for other SL parameters. Using rectangular barriers allows us to find analytic expressions for the location of new Dirac points in the spectrum and for the renormalization of the electron velocities. The influence of these extra Dirac points on the conductivity is investigated. In the limit of {\delta}-function barriers, the transmission T through, conductance G of a finite number of barriers as well as the energy spectra of SLs are periodic functions of the dimensionless strength P of the barriers, P{\delta}(x) ~ V (x). For a Kronig-Penney SL with alternating sign of the height of the barriers the Dirac point becomes a Dirac line for P = {\pi}/2 + n{\pi} with n an integer. In bilayer graphene, with an appropriate bias applied to the barriers and wells, we show that several new types of SLs are produced and two of them are similar to type I and type II semiconductor SLs. Similar as in single-layer graphene extra "Dirac" points are found. Non-ballistic transport is also considered., Comment: 26 pages, 17 figures

Published
2011
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13. Kronig-Penney model on bilayer graphene: spectrum and transmission periodic in the strength of the barriers

Author

Barbier, M., Vasilopoulos, P., and Peeters, F. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We show that the transmission through single and double {\delta}-function potential barriers of strength P in bilayer graphene is periodic in P with period {\pi}. For a certain range of P values we find states that are bound to the potential barrier and that run along the potential barrier. Similar periodic behaviour is found for the conductance. The spectrum of a periodic succession of {\delta}-function barriers (Kronig-Penney model) in bilayer graphene is periodic in P with period 2{\pi}. For P smaller than a critical value, the spectrum exhibits two Dirac points while for P larger than this value an energy gap opens. These results are extended to the case of a superlattice of {\delta}-function barriers with P alternating in sign between successive barriers; the corresponding spectrum is periodic in P with period {\pi}., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures

Published
2011
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14. Bilayer graphene with single and multiple electrostatic barriers: band structure and transmission

Author

Barbier, M., Vasilopoulos, P., Peeters, F. M., and Pereira Jr, J. Milton

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We evaluate the electronic transmission and conductance in bilayer graphene through a finite number of potential barriers. Further, we evaluate the dispersion relation in a bilayer graphene superlattice with a periodic potential applied to both layers. As a model we use the tight-binding Hamiltonian in the continuum approxi- mation. For zero bias the dispersion relation shows a finite gap for carriers with zero momentum in the direction parallel to the barriers. This is in contrast to single-layer graphene where no such gap was found. A gap also appears for a finite bias. Numerical results for the energy spectrum, conductance, and the density of states are presented and contrasted with those pertaining to single-layer graphene., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

Published
2011
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15. Dirac and Klein-Gordon particles in one-dimensional periodic potentials

Author

Barbier, M., Peeters, F. M., Vasilopoulos, P., and Pereira Jr, J. Milton

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We evaluate the dispersion relation for massless fermions, described by the Dirac equation, and for zero-spin bosons, described by the Klein-Gordon equation, moving in two dimensions and in the presence of a one-dimensional periodic potential. For massless fermions the dispersion relation shows a zero gap for carriers with zero momentum in the direction parallel to the barriers in agreement with the well-known "Klein paradox". Numerical results for the energy spectrum and the density of states are presented. Those for fermions are appropriate to graphene in which carriers behave relativistically with the "light speed" replaced by the Fermi velocity. In addition, we evaluate the transmission through a finite number of barriers for fermions and zero-spin bosons and relate it with that through a superlattice., Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures

Published
2011
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16. Extra Dirac points in the energy spectrum for superlattices on single-layer graphene

Author

Barbier, M., Vasilopoulos, P., and Peeters, F. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We investigate the emergence of extra Dirac points in the electronic structure of a periodically spaced barrier system, i.e., a superlattice, on single-layer graphene, using a Dirac-type Hamiltonian. Using square barriers allows us to find analytic expressions for the occurrence and location of these new Dirac points in k-space and for the renormalization of the electron velocity near them in the low-energy range. In the general case of unequal barrier and well widths the new Dirac points move away from the Fermi level and for given heights of the potential barriers there is a minimum and maximum barrier width outside of which the new Dirac points disappear. The effect of these extra Dirac points on the density of states and on the conductivity is investigated., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

Published
2010
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17. Dirac electrons in a Kronig-Penney potential: dispersion relation and transmission periodic in the strength of the barriers

Author

Barbier, M., Vasilopoulos, P., and Peeters, F. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The transmission T and conductance G through one or multiple one-dimensional, delta-function barriers of two-dimensional fermions with a linear energy spectrum are studied. T and G are periodic functions of the strength P of the delta-function barrier V(x,y) / hbar v_F = P delta(x). The dispersion relation of a Kronig-Penney (KP) model of a superlattice is also a periodic function of P and causes collimation of an incident electron beam for P = 2 pi n and n integer. For a KP superlattice with alternating sign of the height of the barriers the Dirac point becomes a Dirac line for P = (n + 1/2) pi., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures

Published
2009
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19. Modelling the coupled heterogeneities of the lacustrine microbialite-bearing carbonate reservoir of the Yacoraite Formation (Salta, Argentina)

Author

Teles, V., Hamon, Y., Deschamps, R., Rohais, S., Nader, F.H., Heckenmeyer, E., Gasparrini, M., Barbier, M., Lerat, O., Joseph, P., and Doligez, B.

Subjects
Modelling, Heterogeneity, Microbialite, Yacoraite Formation, bi PGS, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Settore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica e Sedimentologica, General Environmental Science
Published
2023

20. Assessment of the nesting population demography of loggerhead turtles ( <scp> Caretta caretta </scp> ) in La Roche Percée: First long‐term monitoring in New Caledonia

Author

Barbier, M, Lafage, D, Bourgogne, H, Read, T, Attard, M, Fourniere, K, Chapuis, K, Peyrot, Y, Deffois, M, Guillaumet, B, and Sibeaux, A

Subjects
Ecology, Aquatic Science, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

1. Population monitoring is essential to assess, manage and protect threatened species. Although the South Pacific loggerhead turtle subpopulation is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN, monitoring data are scarce. 2. This study reports the results of the first long-term monitoring of the nesting population of loggerhead turtle held by Bwärä Tortues Marines on La Roche Percée beach, New Caledonia. 3. From 2006 to 2020, Capture Mark Recapture was used to identify nesting individuals. Time and nesting success were recorded on site. 4. A total of 452 different females were observed and tagged over 14 years. The number of different nesting individuals observed each year showed a significant increase along the timeframe of the study. A remigration interval of 3.34 years was observed and the overall nesting success was 59.02%. This study also reports the inter-nesting intervals, monthly and hourly variabilities in the visits at the nesting site. 5. The conservation actions led by Bwärä Tortues Marines seem to be correlated with a higher nesting success. This study provides encouraging results and highlight the need to pursue the monitoring and conservation actions implemented by Bwärä Tortues Marines. Further management recommendations are also provided.

Published
2023

29. Paving the Road to Flex and Biomass: The Land Surface Carbon Constellation Study

Author

Rodriguez-Fernandez, N., primary, Barbier, M., additional, Verrelst, J., additional, Lindqvist, H., additional, Bueechi, E., additional, Munoz, P. Reyes, additional, Mialon, A., additional, Vreugdenhil, M., additional, Dorigo, W., additional, Bouvet, A., additional, Kerr, Y., additional, Vossbeck, M., additional, Kaminski, T., additional, and Scholze, M., additional

Published
2022
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34. Absence of magnetic field effect on the cerium valence in Ce Cu 2 Si 2 at its optimum superconducting critical temperature

Author

Barbier, M., Sundermann, M., Poux, A., Rogalev, A., Braithwaite, D., Sanchez, J.-P., Wilhelm, F., Laboratoire des matériaux et du génie physique (LMGP ), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), European Synchroton Radiation Facility [Grenoble] (ESRF), University of Cologne, Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Instrumentation, Material and Correlated Electrons Physics (IMAPEC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

38. Magnetic structure determination of high-moment rare-earth-based laminates

Author

Potashnikov, D., primary, Caspi, E. N., additional, Pesach, A., additional, Tao, Q., additional, Rosen, J., additional, Sheptyakov, D., additional, Evans, H. A., additional, Ritter, C., additional, Salman, Z., additional, Bonfa, P., additional, Ouisse, T., additional, Barbier, M., additional, Rivin, O., additional, and Keren, A., additional

Published
2021
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40. Occupational contact urticaria: lessons from the French National Network for Occupational Disease Vigilance and Prevention (RNV3P)*

Author

Bensefa-Colas, L., Telle-Lamberton, M., Faye, S., Bourrain, J.-L., Crépy, M.-N., Lasfargues, G., Choudat, D., Momas, I., Le Barbier, M., Marny, C., Doutrellot-Philippon, C., Roquelaure, Y., Petit, A., Verdun-Esquer, C., Leclerc, I., Dewitte, J. D., Loddé, B., Clin, B., Marquignon, M. F., Chamoux, A., Dutheil, F., Andujar, P., Pairon, J. C., Smolik, H. J., Fernandez, N., Bonneterre, V., Michel, E., Gehanno, J. F., Frimat, P., Nisse, C., Druet-Cabanac, M., Massardier, A., Charbotel, B., Lehucher-Michel, M. P., Roulet, A., Lesage, F. X., Paris, C., Penven, E., Dupas, D., Descatha, A., Mediouni, Z., Léger, D., Bayon, V., Langrand, J., Villa, A., Ben-Brik, E., Martinez, H., Deschamps, F., Gouyet, T., Verger, C., Gislard, A., Rollin, L., Fontana, L., Pélissier, C., Gonzalez, M., Nourry, N., Esquirol, Y., Hérin, F., and Haguenoer, K.

Published
2015
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41. Social identification with the 'Yellow Vests': An exploratory study in France

Author

Monaco Gl, Delouvée S, and Barbier M

Subjects
Geography, Exploratory research, Identification (biology), Data science
Abstract

The present study was carried out in December, 2018 and aimed at exploring the “Yellow Vests” movement when the revolts were in full swing. It involved 260 French participants (Mage = 42.9 years, SDage 14.6, Min = 18 to Max = 88). Results confirmed our hypotheses. The people who most identified with the “Yellow Vests” are those who perceive the system to be less fair and more illegitimate, and who express more dissatisfaction with the democratic regime and are generally more politically cynical. They feel more alienated and affirm that they would be more likely to resort to violence in order to introduce a new social order. They adhere more to conspiracy theories. Finally, we found greater identification of the “Yellow Vests” with extreme compared to moderate political parties. We discuss these results from the defence of the moral economy principle.

Published
2021

45. Clinical, neuropathological, and genetic characterization of STUB1 variants in cerebellar ataxias: a frequent cause of predominant cognitive impairment (vol 22, pg 1851, 2020)

Author

Roux, T., Barbier, M., Papin, M., Davoine, C.S., Sayah, S., Coarelli, G., Charles, P., Marelli, C., Parodi, L., Tranchant, C., Goizet, C., Klebe, S., Lohmann, E., Maldergem, L. van, Broeckhoven, C. van, Coutelier, M., Tesson, C., Stevanin, G., Duyckaerts, C., Brice, A., Durr, A., and SPATAX Network

Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-020-01064-y

Published
2020

50. Niche specialization and spread of Staphylococcus capitis involved in neonatal sepsis

Author

Wirth, T., Bergot, M., Rasigade, J. -P., Pichon, B., Barbier, M., Martins-Simoes, P., Jacob, L., Pike, R., Tissieres, P., Picaud, J. -C., Kearns, A., Supply, P., Butin, M., Laurent, F., Adamkova, V., Barkham, T., Becker, K., Bennett, D., Claris, O., Creech, C. B., De Lencastre, H., Deighton, M., Denis, O., Ferguson, J., Huang, Y. -C., Klingenberg, C., Ingebretsen, A., Laferriere, C., dos Santos, K. R. N., Schrenzel, J., Spiliopoulou, I., Stefani, S., Taeksoo, K., Tarkka, E., Friedrich, A., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C., Ussher, J., Vandenesch, F., Westblade, L., Lindsay, J., Larsen, A. R., Zanger, P., Kahl, B. C., Aymerich, C. P., Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Agents Infectieux [Lyon] (IAI), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Public Health England [London], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), This project was supported by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases study group (Project P307-14), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (project ING20160435683) and the European Union Patho-Ngen-Trace (project FP7-278864)., The International Consortium for Staphylococcus capitis neonatal sepsis : Vaclava Adamkova, Timothy Barkham, Karsten Becker, Desiree Bennett, olivier Claris, Clarence Buddy Creech, Herminia De Lencastre, Margaret Deighton, Olivier Denis, John Ferguson, yhu-Chering Huang, Claus Klingenberg, Andre Ingebretsen, Celine Laferrière, Katia Regina Netto dos Santos, Jacques Schrenzel, Iris Spiliopoulou, Stefania Stefani, Kim TaekSoo, Eveliina Tarkka, Alex Friedrich, Christina Vandenbroucke-Grauls, James Ussher, Francois Vandenesch and Lars Westblade, The ESGS Study Group of ESCMID : Jodi Lindsay, Francois Vandenesch, Anders Rhod Larsen, Philipp Zanger, Barbara C. Kahl and Cristina Prat Aymerich, European Project: 278864,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,PATHONGEN-TRACE(2012), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Endotoxines, Structures et Réponses de l'hôte (ESHR), Département Microbiologie (Dpt Microbio), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Schrenzel, Jacques

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clone (cell biology), Drug resistance, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Staphylococcus capitis, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/drug effects/genetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Clade, Neonatal Sepsis/microbiology, Recombination, Genetic, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Neonatal sepsis, Staphylococcal Infections, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Staphylococcus capitis/drug effects/genetics/isolation & purification/pathogenicity, Vancomycin/therapeutic use, Phenotype, Genes, Bacterial/genetics, Vancomycin, France, Neonatal Sepsis, medicine.drug, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Genotype, Immunology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Intensive care, medicine, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, 030306 microbiology, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Bayes Theorem, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology, Genes, Bacterial, Mutation, Genome, Bacterial, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

International audience; The multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus capitis NRCS-A clone is responsible for sepsis in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) worldwide. Here, to retrace the spread of this clone and to identify drivers of its specific success, we investigated a representative collection of 250 S. capitis isolates from adults and newborns. Bayesian analyses confirmed the spread of the NRCS-A clone and enabled us to date its emergence in the late 1960s and its expansion during the 1980s, coinciding with the establishment of NICUs and the increasing use of vancomycin in these units, respectively. This dynamic was accompanied by the acquisition of mutations in antimicrobial resistance- and bacteriocin-encoding genes. Furthermore, combined statistical tools and a genome-wide association study convergently point to vancomycin resistance as a major driver of NRCS-A success. We also identified another S. capitis subclade (alpha clade) that emerged independently, showing parallel evolution towards NICU specialization and non-susceptibility to vancomycin, indicating convergent evolution in NICU-associated pathogens. These findings illustrate how the broad use of antibiotics can repeatedly lead initially commensal drug-susceptible bacteria to evolve into multidrug-resistant clones that are able to successfully spread worldwide and become pathogenic for highly vulnerable patients.

Published
2020

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