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4. Identification of a possible proteomic biomarker in Parkinson’s disease: discovery and replication in blood, brain and CSF

Author

Winchester, L, Barber, I, Lawton, M, Ash, J, Liu, B, Evetts, S, Hopkins-Jones, L, Lewis, S, Bresener, C, Malpartida, AB, Williams, N, Gentlemen, S, Wade-Martins, R, Ryan, B, Nevado-Holgado, A, Hu, M, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Grosset, D, and Lovestone, S

Abstract

Biomarkers to aid diagnosis and delineate progression of Parkinson’s Disease are vital for targeting treatment in the early phases of disease. Here, we aim to discover a multi-protein panel representative of Parkinson’s and make mechanistic inferences from protein expression profiles within the broader objective of finding novel biomarkers. We used aptamer-based technology (SomaLogic®) to measure proteins in 1,599 serum samples, 85 CSF samples and 37 brain tissue samples collected from two observational longitudinal cohorts (Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre and Tracking Parkinson’s) and the Parkinson’s Disease Brain Bank, respectively. Random forest machine learning was performed to discover new proteins related to disease status and generate multi-protein expression signatures with potential novel biomarkers. Differential regulation analysis and pathway analysis was performed to identify functional and mechanistic disease associations. The most consistent diagnostic classifier signature was tested across modalities (CSF AUC = 0.74, p-value = 0.0009; brain AUC = 0.75, p-value = 0.006; serum AUC = 0.66, p-value = 0.0002). Focusing on serum samples and using only those with severe disease compared to controls increased the AUC to 0.72 (p-value = 1.0 × 10−04). In the validation dataset we showed that the same classifiers were significantly related to disease status (p-values The combined analytical approaches in a relatively large number of samples, across tissue types, with replication and validation, provides mechanistic insights into the disease as well as nominating a protein signature classifier that deserves further biomarker evaluation.

Published
2022

11. Extrathoracic manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and presentation of the disease in children

Author

Plasencia-Martinez J, Rovira A, Dominguez P, Barber I, Garcia-Garrigos E, and Arenas-Jimenez J

Subjects
X-rays, COVID-19, Diagnostic imaging, Computed tomography
Abstract

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); epidemic conditions continue in nearly all countries today. Although the symptoms and imaging manifestations of COVID-19 predominantly involve the respiratory system, it is fundamental to know the manifestations of the disease and its possible complications in other organs to help in diagnosis and orient the prognosis. To improve the diagnostic process without increasing the risk of contagion unnecessarily, it is crucial to know when extrathoracic imaging tests are indicated and which tests are best in each situation. This paper aims to provide answers to these questions. To this end, we describe and illustrate the extrathoracic imaging manifestations of COVID-19 in adults as well as the entire spectrum of imaging findings in children. (C) 2021 SERAM. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

12. Repeatability in nest construction by male three-spined sticklebacks

Author

Rushbrook, B.J., Dingemanse, N.J., and Barber, I.

Subjects
Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.06.011 Byline: B.J. Rushbrook, N.J. Dingemanse, I. Barber Abstract: Structures built by animals may convey useful information about the builder that may be used by conspecifics in quality assessment. In fish, nest construction has been suggested to reflect qualities of individual builders, but little is known about how consistent individual differences are over time. If nest construction does reliably reflect builder quality, then we expect consistent variation between individuals in this extended phenotypic trait. We test this hypothesis in male three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, by measuring the repeatability of nest characteristics. We encouraged males, caught from four populations in mid-Wales, U.K., to complete three consecutive nests under standardized laboratory conditions. We quantified a number of structural components and design characteristics of nests and estimated repeatability (r) of these traits. Within populations, the number of threads used, the area of the nest and the mass of substrate deposited on top of the nest were all repeatable within males (0.39< r Author Affiliation: (*) Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth, U.K. (a ) Animal Ecology Group, Centre for Evolutionary and Ecological Studies, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (a ) Department of Behavioural Biology, Centre for Behaviour and Neurosciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (As.) Department of Biology, University of Leicester, U.K. Article History: Received 2 February 2007; Revised 30 March 2007; Accepted 29 June 2007 Article Note: (miscellaneous) MS. number: 9257

Published
2008

17. Afterword

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

19. Notes

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

21. Cover

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

22. Index

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

23. Bibliography

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

25. Dedication

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

27. Foreword

Author

Augustine, Jonathan C., Barber II, William J., and Willimon, William H.

Published
2023

40. The molecular evolution of spiggin nesting glue in sticklebacks

Author

Seear, P. J., Rosato, E., Goodall‐Copestake, W. P., and Barber, I.

Subjects
Fish Proteins, Male, retrotransposon, Molecular Sequence Data, gene duplication, adaptation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Smegmamorpha, Evolution, Molecular, Alternative Splicing, Open Reading Frames, Molecular Adaptation, Multigene Family, gene family, Animals, Original Article, ORIGINAL ARTICLES, Cloning, Molecular, Gasterosteus aculeatus, nest building
Abstract

Gene duplication and subsequent divergence can lead to the evolution of new functions and lineage‐specific traits. In sticklebacks, the successive duplication of a mucin gene (MUC19) into a tandemly arrayed, multigene family has enabled the production of copious amounts of ‘spiggin’, a secreted adhesive protein essential for nest construction. Here, we examine divergence between spiggin genes among three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from ancestral marine and derived freshwater populations, and propose underpinning gene duplication mechanisms. Sanger sequencing revealed substantial diversity among spiggin transcripts, including alternatively spliced variants and interchromosomal spiggin chimeric genes. Comparative analysis of the sequenced transcripts and all other spiggin genes in the public domain support the presence of three main spiggin lineages (spiggin A, spiggin B and spiggin C) with further subdivisions within spiggin B (B1, B2) and spiggin C (C1, C2). Spiggin A had diverged least from the ancestral MUC19, while the spiggin C duplicates had diversified most substantially. In silico translations of the spiggin gene open reading frames predicted that spiggins A and B are secreted as long mucin‐like polymers, while spiggins C1 and C2 are secreted as short monomers, with putative antimicrobial properties. We propose that diversification of duplicated spiggin genes has facilitated local adaptation of spiggin to a range of aquatic habitats.

Published
2015

43. Good parenting may not increase reproductive success under environmental extremes.

Author

Fox, RJ, Head, ML, Barber, I, Fox, RJ, Head, ML, and Barber, I

Abstract

For species exhibiting parental care, the way in which parents adjust care behaviour to compensate for environmental change potentially influences offspring survival and, ultimately, population viability. Using the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) - a species in which males provide parental care by building and tending a nest and fanning the eggs - we examined how low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels affect paternal care, embryo development and survival. Although levels of nest tending were unaffected by DO level, we found that larger males fanned their embryos more under low oxygen conditions. This resulted in faster rates of embryo development within the clutches of these larger males, but reduced embryo survival at 7 days post-fertilization compared to clutches of smaller males. Our results suggest that although parents may attempt to compensate for environmental change via alterations to care behaviour, their ability to do so can be dependent on parental phenotype. This sets up the potential for oxygen levels to act on the strength and direction of selection within populations. We discuss possible explanations for the surprising result that supposedly adaptive changes in care behaviour by large males (i.e. increased fanning) led to reduced embryo survival at 7 days post-fertilization, and whether, as a consequence, acute environmental conditions may have the potential to overwhelm selection on sexual traits.

Published
2018

44. Genetically elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol through the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene does not associate with risk of Alzheimer's disease

Author

Peloso, Gina M., van der Lee, Sven J., Sims, R., van der Lee, S. J., Naj, A. C., Bellenguez, C., Badarinarayan, N., Jakobsdottir, J., Kunkle, B. W., Boland, A., Raybould, R., Bis, J. C., Martin, E. R., Grenier-Boley, B., Heilmann-Heimbach, S., Chouraki, V., Kuzma, A. B., Sleegers, K., Vronskaya, M., Ruiz, A., Graham, R. R., Olaso, R., Hoffmann, P., Grove, M. L., Vardarajan, B. N., Hiltunen, M., Nöthen, M. M., White, C. C., Hamilton-Nelson, K. L., Epelbaum, J., Maier, W., Choi, S. H., Beecham, G. W., Dulary, C., Herms, S., Smith, A. V., Funk, C. C., Derbois, Null, Forstner, A. J., Ahmad, S., Li, H., Bacq, D., Harold, D., Satizabal, C. L., Valladares, O., Squassina, A., Thomas, R., Brody, J. A., Qu, L., Sánchez-Juan, P., Morgan, T., Wolters, F. J., Zhao, Yu Yang, Garcia, F. S., Denning, N., Fornage, M., Malamon, J., Naranjo, M. C. D., Majounie, E., Mosley, T. H., Dombroski, B., Wallon, D., Lupton, M. K., Dupuis, J., Whitehead, P., Fratiglioni, L., Medway, C., Jian, X., Mukherjee, S., Keller, L., Brown, K., Lin, H., Cantwell, L. B., Panza, F., Mcguinness, B., Moreno-Grau, S., Burgess, J. D., Solfrizzi, V., Proitsi, P., Adams, H. H., Allen, M., Seripa, D., Pastor, P., Cupples, L. A., Price, N. D., Hannequin, D., Frank-García, A., Levy, D., Chakrabarty, P., Caffarra, P., Giegling, I., Beiser, A. S., Giedraitis, V., Hampel, H., Garcia, M. E., Wang, X., Lannfelt, L., Mecocci, P., Eiriksdottir, G., Crane, P. K., Pasquier, F., Boccardi, V., Henández, I., Barber, R. C., Scherer, M., Tarraga, L., Adams, P. M., Leber, M., Chen, Y., Albert, M. S., Riedel-Heller, S., Emilsson, V., Beekly, D., Braae, A., Schmidt, R., Blacker, D., Masullo, Carlo, Schmidt, H., Doody, R. S., Spalletta, Gianfranco, Longstreth, W. T., Fairchild, T. J., Bossù, P., Lopez, O. L., Frosch, M. P., Sacchinelli, E., Ghetti, B., Yang, Q., Huebinger, R. M., Jessen, F., Li, S., Kamboh, M. I., Morris, J., Sotolongo-Grau, O., Katz, M. J., Corcoran, C., Dunstan, M., Braddel, A., Thomas, C., Meggy, A., Marshall, R., Gerrish, A., Chapman, J., Aguilar, M., Taylor, S., Hill, M., Fairén, M. D., Hodges, A., Vellas, B., Soininen, H., Kloszewska, I., Daniilidou, M., Uphill, J., Patel, Y., Hughes, J. T., Lord, J., Turton, J., Hartmann, A. M., Cecchetti, R., Fenoglio Gaddo, Maria Cristina, Serpente, M., Arcaro, M., Caltagirone, C., Orfei, M. D., Ciaramella, A., Pichler, S., Mayhaus, M., Gu, W., Lleó, A., Fortea, J., Blesa, R., Barber, I. S., Brookes, K., Cupidi, C., Maletta, R. G., Carrell, D., Sorbi, S., Moebus, S., Urbano, M., Pilotto, A., Kornhuber, J., Bosco, P., Todd, S., Craig, D., Johnston, J., Gill, M., Lawlor, B., Lynch, A., Fox, N. C., Hardy, J., Albin, R. L., Apostolova, L. G., Arnold, S. E., Asthana, S., Atwood, C. S., Baldwin, C. T., Barnes, L. L., Barral, S., Beach, T. G., Becker, J. T., Bigio, E. H., Bird, T. D., Boeve, B. F., Bowen, J. D., Boxer, A., Burke, J. R., Burns, J. M., Buxbaum, J. D., Cairns, N. J., Cao, C., Carlson, C. S., Carlsson, C. M., Carney, R. M., Carrasquillo, M. M., Carroll, S. L., Diaz, C. C., Chui, H. C., Clark, D. G., Cribbs, D. H., Crocco, E. A., Decarli, C., Dick, M., Duara, R., Evans, D. A., Faber, K. M., Fallon, K. B., Fardo, D. W., Farlow, M. R., Ferris, S., Foroud, T. M., Galasko, D. R., Gearing, M., Geschwind, D. H., Gilbert, J. R., Graff-Radford, N. R., Green, R. C., Growdon, J. H., Hamilton, R. L., Harrell, L. E., Honig, L. S., Huentelman, M. J., Hulette, C. M., Hyman, B. T., Jarvik, G. P., Abner, E., Jin, L. W., Jun, G., Karydas, A., Kaye, J. A., Kim, R., Kowall, N. W., Kramer, J. H., Laferla, F. M., Lah, J. J., Leverenz, J. B., Levey, A. I., Li Quadri Cassini, Giancarlo, Lieberman, A. P., Lunetta, K. L., Lyketsos, C. G., Marson, D. C., Martiniuk, F., Mash, D. C., Masliah, E., Mccormick, W. C., Mccurry, S. M., Mcdavid, A. N., Mckee, A. C., Mesulam, M., Miller, B. L., Miller, C. A., Miller, J. W., Morris, J. C., Murrell, J. R., Myers, A. J., O'Bryant, S., Olichney, J. M., Pankratz, V. S., Parisi, J. E., Paulson, H. L., Perry, W., Peskind, E., Pierce, A., Poon, W. W., Potter, H., Quinn, J. F., Raj, A., Raskind, M., Reisberg, B., Reitz, C., Ringman, J. M., Roberson, E. D., Rogaeva, E., Rosen, H. J., Rosenberg, R. N., Sager, M. A., Saykin, A. J., Schneider, J. A., Schneider, L. S., Seeley, W. W., Smith, A. G., Sonnen, J. A., Spina, S., Stern, R. A., Swerdlow, R. H., Tanzi, R. E., Thornton-Wells, T. A., Trojanowski, J. Q., Troncoso, J. C., Van Deerlin, V. M., Van Eldik, L. J., Vinters, H. V., Vonsattel, J. P., Weintraub, S., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Wilhelmsen, K. C., Williamson, J., Wingo, T. S., Woltjer, R. L., Wright, C. B., Yu, C. E., Yu, L., Garzia, F., Golamaully, F., Septier, G., Engelborghs, S., Vandenberghe, R., De Deyn, P. P., Fernadez, C. M., Benito, Y. A., Thonberg, H., Forsell, C., Lilius, L., Kinhult-Stählbom, A., Kilander, L., Brundin, R., Concari, L., Helisalmi, S., Koivisto, A. M., Haapasalo, A., Dermecourt, V., Fievet, N., Hanon, O., Dufouil, C., Brice, A., Ritchie, K., Dubois, B., Himali, J. J., Keene, C. D., Tschanz, J., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Kukull, W. A., Norton, M., Aspelund, T., Larson, E. B., Munger, R., Rotter, J. I., Lipton, R. B., Bullido, M. J., Hofman, A., Montine, T. J., Coto, E., Boerwinkle, E., Petersen, R. C., Alvarez, V., Rivadeneira, F., Reiman, E. M., Gallo, Massimiliano, O'Donnell, C. J., Reisch, J. S., Bruni, A. C., Royall, D. R., Dichgans, M., Sano, M., Galimberti, D., St George-Hyslop, P., Scarpini, E., Tsuang, D. W., Mancuso, M., Bonuccelli, U., Daniele, Antonio, Wu, C. K., Peters, O., Nacmias, B., Riemenschneider, M., Heun, R., Brayne, C., Rubinsztein, D. C., Bras, J., Guerreiro, R., Al-Chalabi, A., Shaw, C. E., Collinge, J., Mann, D., Tsolaki, M., Clarimón, J., Sussams, R., Lovestone, S., O'Donovan, M. C., Owen, M. J., Behrens, T. W., Mead, S., Goate, A. M., Uitterlinden, A. G., Holmes, C., Cruchaga, C., Ingelsson, M., Bennett, D. A., Powell, J., Golde, T. E., Graff, C., De Jager, P. L., Morgan, K., Ertekin-Taner, N., Combarros, O., Psaty, B. M., Passmore, P., Younkin, S. G., Berr, C., Gudnason, V., Rujescu, D., Dickson, D. W., Dartigues, J. F., Destefano, A. L., Ortega-Cubero, S., Hakonarson, H., Campion, D., Boada, M., Kauwe, J. K., Farrer, L. A., Van Broeckhoven, C., Ikram, M. A., Jones, L., Haines, J. L., Tzourio, C., Launer, L. J., Escott-Price, V., Mayeux, R., Deleuze, J. F., Amin, N., Holmans, P. A., Pericak-Vance, M. A., Amouyel, P., van Duijn, C. M., Ramirez, A., Wang, L. S., Lambert, J. C., Seshadri, S., Williams, J., Schellenberg, G. D., Destefano, Anita L., Seshardi, Sudha, Winslow, A. R., Masullo, C. (ORCID:0000-0001-7798-3410), Spalletta, G., Daniele, A. (ORCID:0000-0003-1641-5852), Peloso, Gina M., van der Lee, Sven J., Sims, R., van der Lee, S. J., Naj, A. C., Bellenguez, C., Badarinarayan, N., Jakobsdottir, J., Kunkle, B. W., Boland, A., Raybould, R., Bis, J. C., Martin, E. R., Grenier-Boley, B., Heilmann-Heimbach, S., Chouraki, V., Kuzma, A. B., Sleegers, K., Vronskaya, M., Ruiz, A., Graham, R. R., Olaso, R., Hoffmann, P., Grove, M. L., Vardarajan, B. N., Hiltunen, M., Nöthen, M. M., White, C. C., Hamilton-Nelson, K. L., Epelbaum, J., Maier, W., Choi, S. H., Beecham, G. W., Dulary, C., Herms, S., Smith, A. V., Funk, C. C., Derbois, Null, Forstner, A. J., Ahmad, S., Li, H., Bacq, D., Harold, D., Satizabal, C. L., Valladares, O., Squassina, A., Thomas, R., Brody, J. A., Qu, L., Sánchez-Juan, P., Morgan, T., Wolters, F. J., Zhao, Yu Yang, Garcia, F. S., Denning, N., Fornage, M., Malamon, J., Naranjo, M. C. D., Majounie, E., Mosley, T. H., Dombroski, B., Wallon, D., Lupton, M. K., Dupuis, J., Whitehead, P., Fratiglioni, L., Medway, C., Jian, X., Mukherjee, S., Keller, L., Brown, K., Lin, H., Cantwell, L. B., Panza, F., Mcguinness, B., Moreno-Grau, S., Burgess, J. D., Solfrizzi, V., Proitsi, P., Adams, H. H., Allen, M., Seripa, D., Pastor, P., Cupples, L. A., Price, N. D., Hannequin, D., Frank-García, A., Levy, D., Chakrabarty, P., Caffarra, P., Giegling, I., Beiser, A. S., Giedraitis, V., Hampel, H., Garcia, M. E., Wang, X., Lannfelt, L., Mecocci, P., Eiriksdottir, G., Crane, P. K., Pasquier, F., Boccardi, V., Henández, I., Barber, R. C., Scherer, M., Tarraga, L., Adams, P. M., Leber, M., Chen, Y., Albert, M. S., Riedel-Heller, S., Emilsson, V., Beekly, D., Braae, A., Schmidt, R., Blacker, D., Masullo, Carlo, Schmidt, H., Doody, R. S., Spalletta, Gianfranco, Longstreth, W. T., Fairchild, T. J., Bossù, P., Lopez, O. L., Frosch, M. P., Sacchinelli, E., Ghetti, B., Yang, Q., Huebinger, R. M., Jessen, F., Li, S., Kamboh, M. I., Morris, J., Sotolongo-Grau, O., Katz, M. J., Corcoran, C., Dunstan, M., Braddel, A., Thomas, C., Meggy, A., Marshall, R., Gerrish, A., Chapman, J., Aguilar, M., Taylor, S., Hill, M., Fairén, M. D., Hodges, A., Vellas, B., Soininen, H., Kloszewska, I., Daniilidou, M., Uphill, J., Patel, Y., Hughes, J. T., Lord, J., Turton, J., Hartmann, A. M., Cecchetti, R., Fenoglio Gaddo, Maria Cristina, Serpente, M., Arcaro, M., Caltagirone, C., Orfei, M. D., Ciaramella, A., Pichler, S., Mayhaus, M., Gu, W., Lleó, A., Fortea, J., Blesa, R., Barber, I. S., Brookes, K., Cupidi, C., Maletta, R. G., Carrell, D., Sorbi, S., Moebus, S., Urbano, M., Pilotto, A., Kornhuber, J., Bosco, P., Todd, S., Craig, D., Johnston, J., Gill, M., Lawlor, B., Lynch, A., Fox, N. C., Hardy, J., Albin, R. L., Apostolova, L. G., Arnold, S. E., Asthana, S., Atwood, C. S., Baldwin, C. T., Barnes, L. L., Barral, S., Beach, T. G., Becker, J. T., Bigio, E. H., Bird, T. D., Boeve, B. F., Bowen, J. D., Boxer, A., Burke, J. R., Burns, J. M., Buxbaum, J. D., Cairns, N. J., Cao, C., Carlson, C. S., Carlsson, C. M., Carney, R. M., Carrasquillo, M. M., Carroll, S. L., Diaz, C. C., Chui, H. C., Clark, D. G., Cribbs, D. H., Crocco, E. A., Decarli, C., Dick, M., Duara, R., Evans, D. A., Faber, K. M., Fallon, K. B., Fardo, D. W., Farlow, M. R., Ferris, S., Foroud, T. M., Galasko, D. R., Gearing, M., Geschwind, D. H., Gilbert, J. R., Graff-Radford, N. R., Green, R. C., Growdon, J. H., Hamilton, R. L., Harrell, L. E., Honig, L. S., Huentelman, M. J., Hulette, C. M., Hyman, B. T., Jarvik, G. P., Abner, E., Jin, L. W., Jun, G., Karydas, A., Kaye, J. A., Kim, R., Kowall, N. W., Kramer, J. H., Laferla, F. M., Lah, J. J., Leverenz, J. B., Levey, A. I., Li Quadri Cassini, Giancarlo, Lieberman, A. P., Lunetta, K. L., Lyketsos, C. G., Marson, D. C., Martiniuk, F., Mash, D. C., Masliah, E., Mccormick, W. C., Mccurry, S. M., Mcdavid, A. N., Mckee, A. C., Mesulam, M., Miller, B. L., Miller, C. A., Miller, J. W., Morris, J. C., Murrell, J. R., Myers, A. J., O'Bryant, S., Olichney, J. M., Pankratz, V. S., Parisi, J. E., Paulson, H. L., Perry, W., Peskind, E., Pierce, A., Poon, W. W., Potter, H., Quinn, J. F., Raj, A., Raskind, M., Reisberg, B., Reitz, C., Ringman, J. M., Roberson, E. D., Rogaeva, E., Rosen, H. J., Rosenberg, R. N., Sager, M. A., Saykin, A. J., Schneider, J. A., Schneider, L. S., Seeley, W. W., Smith, A. G., Sonnen, J. A., Spina, S., Stern, R. A., Swerdlow, R. H., Tanzi, R. E., Thornton-Wells, T. A., Trojanowski, J. Q., Troncoso, J. C., Van Deerlin, V. M., Van Eldik, L. J., Vinters, H. V., Vonsattel, J. P., Weintraub, S., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., Wilhelmsen, K. C., Williamson, J., Wingo, T. S., Woltjer, R. L., Wright, C. B., Yu, C. E., Yu, L., Garzia, F., Golamaully, F., Septier, G., Engelborghs, S., Vandenberghe, R., De Deyn, P. P., Fernadez, C. M., Benito, Y. A., Thonberg, H., Forsell, C., Lilius, L., Kinhult-Stählbom, A., Kilander, L., Brundin, R., Concari, L., Helisalmi, S., Koivisto, A. M., Haapasalo, A., Dermecourt, V., Fievet, N., Hanon, O., Dufouil, C., Brice, A., Ritchie, K., Dubois, B., Himali, J. J., Keene, C. D., Tschanz, J., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Kukull, W. A., Norton, M., Aspelund, T., Larson, E. B., Munger, R., Rotter, J. I., Lipton, R. B., Bullido, M. J., Hofman, A., Montine, T. J., Coto, E., Boerwinkle, E., Petersen, R. C., Alvarez, V., Rivadeneira, F., Reiman, E. M., Gallo, Massimiliano, O'Donnell, C. J., Reisch, J. S., Bruni, A. C., Royall, D. R., Dichgans, M., Sano, M., Galimberti, D., St George-Hyslop, P., Scarpini, E., Tsuang, D. W., Mancuso, M., Bonuccelli, U., Daniele, Antonio, Wu, C. K., Peters, O., Nacmias, B., Riemenschneider, M., Heun, R., Brayne, C., Rubinsztein, D. C., Bras, J., Guerreiro, R., Al-Chalabi, A., Shaw, C. E., Collinge, J., Mann, D., Tsolaki, M., Clarimón, J., Sussams, R., Lovestone, S., O'Donovan, M. C., Owen, M. J., Behrens, T. W., Mead, S., Goate, A. M., Uitterlinden, A. G., Holmes, C., Cruchaga, C., Ingelsson, M., Bennett, D. A., Powell, J., Golde, T. E., Graff, C., De Jager, P. L., Morgan, K., Ertekin-Taner, N., Combarros, O., Psaty, B. M., Passmore, P., Younkin, S. G., Berr, C., Gudnason, V., Rujescu, D., Dickson, D. W., Dartigues, J. F., Destefano, A. L., Ortega-Cubero, S., Hakonarson, H., Campion, D., Boada, M., Kauwe, J. K., Farrer, L. A., Van Broeckhoven, C., Ikram, M. A., Jones, L., Haines, J. L., Tzourio, C., Launer, L. J., Escott-Price, V., Mayeux, R., Deleuze, J. F., Amin, N., Holmans, P. A., Pericak-Vance, M. A., Amouyel, P., van Duijn, C. M., Ramirez, A., Wang, L. S., Lambert, J. C., Seshadri, S., Williams, J., Schellenberg, G. D., Destefano, Anita L., Seshardi, Sudha, Winslow, A. R., Masullo, C. (ORCID:0000-0001-7798-3410), Spalletta, G., and Daniele, A. (ORCID:0000-0003-1641-5852)

Abstract

Introduction: There is conflicting evidence whether high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. Genetic variation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) locus is associated with altered HDL-C. We aimed to assess AD risk by genetically predicted HDL-C. Methods: Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms within the CETP locus predicting HDL-C were applied to the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) exome chip stage 1 results in up 16,097 late onset AD cases and 18,077 cognitively normal elderly controls. We performed instrumental variables analysis using inverse variance weighting, weighted median, and MR-Egger. Results: Based on 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms distinctly predicting HDL-C in the CETP locus, we found that HDL-C was not associated with risk of AD (P >.7). Discussion: Our study does not support the role of HDL-C on risk of AD through HDL-C altered by CETP. This study does not rule out other mechanisms by which HDL-C affects risk of AD.

Published
2018

45. Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology

Author

Cable, J, Barber, I, Boag, B, Ellison, AR, Morgan, ER, Murray, K, Pascoe, EL, Sait, SM, Wilson, AJ, and Booth, M

Subjects
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics, Conservation of Natural Resources, Climate Change, infectious disease, sustainable control, Review Article, TRICHINELLA-SPIRALIS, Animal Diseases, Host-Parasite Interactions, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION, Animals, Humans, Parasites, INFECTIOUS-DISEASES, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, Settore VET/06 - PARASSITOLOGIA E MALATTIE PARASSITARIE DEGLI ANIMALI, Biology, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Evolutionary Biology, Science & Technology, MALARIA TRANSMISSION, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Articles, 06 Biological Sciences, RIFT-VALLEY FEVER, HABITAT FRAGMENTATION, Animals, Domestic, stressors, LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS KROYER, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE
Abstract

Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local and global level is critical for sustainable control in humans and livestock. Here we highlight and synthesize evidence regarding potential effects of ‘system changes’ (both climatic and anthropogenic) on parasite transmission from wild host–parasite systems. Such information could inform more efficient and sustainable parasite control programmes in domestic animals or humans. Many examples from diverse terrestrial and aquatic natural systems show how abiotic and biotic factors affected by system changes can interact additively, multiplicatively or antagonistically to influence parasite transmission, including through altered habitat structure, biodiversity, host demographics and evolution. Despite this, few studies of managed systems explicitly consider these higher-order interactions, or the subsequent effects of parasite evolution, which can conceal or exaggerate measured impacts of control actions. We call for a more integrated approach to investigating transmission dynamics, which recognizes these complexities and makes use of new technologies for data capture and monitoring, and to support robust predictions of altered parasite dynamics in a rapidly changing world. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Opening the black box: re-examining the ecology and evolution of parasite transmission’.

Published
2017

46. Environmental change mediates mate choice for an extended phenotype, but not for mate quality

Author

Head, ML, Fox, RJ, Barber, I, Head, ML, Fox, RJ, and Barber, I

Abstract

© 2016 The Author(s). Evolution published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Society for the Study of Evolution. Sexual cues, including extended phenotypes, are expected to be reliable indicators of male genetic quality and/or provide information on parental quality. However, the reliability of these cues may be dependent on stability of the environment, with heterogeneity affecting how selection acts on such traits. Here, we test how environmental change mediates mate choice for multiple sexual traits, including an extended phenotype–-the structure of male-built nests – in stickleback fish. First, we manipulated the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of water to create high or low DO environments in which male fish built nests. Then we recorded the mate choice of females encountering these males (and their nests), under either the same or reversed DO conditions. Males in high DO environments built more compact nests than those in low DO conditions and males adjusted their nest structure in response to changing conditions. Female mate choice for extended phenotype (male nests) was environmentally dependent (females chose more compact nests in high DO conditions), while female choice for male phenotype was not (females chose large, vigorous males regardless of DO level). Examining mate choice in this dynamic context suggests that females evaluate the reliability of multiple sexual cues, taking into account environmental heterogeneity.

Published
2017

48. Environmental change mediates mate choice for an extended phenotype, but not for mate quality

Author

Head, ML, Fox, RJ, and Barber, I

Subjects
Male, Evolutionary Biology, Behavioral plasticity, nest, stickleback, extended phenotype, Original Articles, Environment, Mating Preference, Animal, Choice Behavior, Smegmamorpha, Nesting Behavior, Oxygen, Phenotype, Animals, Original Article, Female, mate choice, multiple cues
Abstract

© 2016 The Author(s). Evolution published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Society for the Study of Evolution. Sexual cues, including extended phenotypes, are expected to be reliable indicators of male genetic quality and/or provide information on parental quality. However, the reliability of these cues may be dependent on stability of the environment, with heterogeneity affecting how selection acts on such traits. Here, we test how environmental change mediates mate choice for multiple sexual traits, including an extended phenotype–-the structure of male-built nests – in stickleback fish. First, we manipulated the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of water to create high or low DO environments in which male fish built nests. Then we recorded the mate choice of females encountering these males (and their nests), under either the same or reversed DO conditions. Males in high DO environments built more compact nests than those in low DO conditions and males adjusted their nest structure in response to changing conditions. Female mate choice for extended phenotype (male nests) was environmentally dependent (females chose more compact nests in high DO conditions), while female choice for male phenotype was not (females chose large, vigorous males regardless of DO level). Examining mate choice in this dynamic context suggests that females evaluate the reliability of multiple sexual cues, taking into account environmental heterogeneity.

Published
2016

49. RNA extraction protocol (Trizol) v1

Author

Hebert F.O., not provided Grambauer S., not provided Barber I., not provided Landry C.R., and not provided Aubin-Horth N.

Subjects
Protocol (science), Chromatography, Chemistry, Trizol, RNA extraction
Abstract

This protocol describes how to extract total RNA from flatworms. It is from: Hebert, F, O; Grambauer, S; Barber, I; Landry, C, R; Aubin-Horth, N (2016): Reference transcriptome sequence resource for the study of the Cestode Schistocephalus solidus, a threespine stickleback parasite. GigaScience Database. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100197

Published
2016

50. Reference transcriptome sequence resource for the study of the Cestode Schistocephalus solidus, a threespine stickleback parasite. v1

Author

Hebert F.O., not provided Grambauer S., not provided Barber I., not provided Landry C.R., and not provided Aubin-Horth N.

Subjects
Transcriptome, Resource (biology), Evolutionary biology, Schistocephalus solidus, Stickleback, Parasite hosting, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Sequence (medicine)
Abstract

These methods accompany the following publication: Hebert, F, O; Grambauer, S; Barber, I; Landry, C, R; Aubin-Horth, N (2016): Reference transcriptome sequence resource for the study of the Cestode Schistocephalus solidus, a threespine stickleback parasite. GigaScience Database. http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100197

Published
2016

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