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Introduction: Patients with chronic wounds experience various biopsychosocial problems which severely affects their quality of life (QOL). Thus, a Persian instrument to assess the QoL of these patients is required. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the wound - QOL questionnaire. Methods: This methodological study was performed on Iranian patients during 2021 - 2022. The translation was carried out via forward - backward method. Face validity was addressed with 10 patients and content validity with 12 wound specialists. Construct validity was also assessed by performing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 100) and convergent validation with EQ - 5D - 3L plus Pain VAS Score and known - groups validity. The reliability was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test - retest. Results: A total of 100 patients with chronic wounds were included in the study. Two factors with cumulative variance of 65.39% were extracted during EFA. The results revealed a significant and high correlation between the total scores of wound - QOL questionnaire, the Persian version of EQ - 5D - 3L (P = 0.000, r = 0.502), and Pain score (0 - 10; P = 0.000, r = 0.627). The Cronbach's alpha was 0.743 and stability of the questionnaire (? = 0.872) was confirmed. In confirming the known - groups validity, the results showed that this tool can differentiate the QOL of patients with different wounds. Conclusions: The Persian version of the wound - QOL questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire which can measure the QoL of patients with chronic wounds. This instrument can be used in clinical evaluation as well as research purposes across the Iranian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors comment on the challenges facing the health system of Iran and how the preferred place of death challenges the allocation of health resources in the country. Cited are how the poor condition of palliative care at home tend to make the majority of people in Iran to die in hospitals, palliative care services in Iran being in their infancy, and the need to develop end-of-life care facilities, such as homes or intermediate centers, in Iran.

Background: Considerations for palliative care and quality of death has significantly increased over the past 10 years in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Recent trends in ageing and increasing chronic disease burden have drawn attention to the need to pay attention to the concept of good death and related factors from the perspective of the local population. Aims: To assess the factors related to good death in the EMR. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest on 22 October 2021 for English language articles, with no time limit, using keywords “quality of death”, “good death”, “quality of dying”, “good dying”, “Middle Eastern”, and countries in the Region. The quality of articles was evaluated using the Hawker criterion and based on the PRISMA guidelines. From the thematic analysis, the factors influencing good death were extracted. EndNote X8 software was used for data management. Results: The search yielded 55 articles, and 14 were included in the study, with a total of 3589 participants. Factors related to good death were classified into 2 main categories: patient preferences and end-of-life care. The former was divided into 4 groups: symptom management, psychological support, social support, and spiritual care. The second category included 2 subcategories: death control and patient autonomy, and end-of-life care. Conclusion: Although patients’ beliefs about good death are personal, unique, and different, perception about good death in the EMR depends on the extent to which patients’ preferences are met and end-of-life care is provided. More research on good death is recommended in the context of Islamic countries in EMR, and to empower patients and their families to better manage the dying process and create educational programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Elderly is a phenomenon in the 21st century in developed and developing countries, which is considered as a silent revolution. Studies show that the end - of - life care needs of elderly patients are not well taken into account, considering that palliative care is done with the aim of improving the quality of life of patients with life - threatening diseases and their families, one of the most important priorities in palliative care includes discussion And the discussion is about patients' desire to receive palliative care and their preferences regarding end - of - life issues, which is called advanced care planning. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the factors related to advanced care planning Methods: This cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021 - 2022 in four hospitals in Tehran and with 390 eligible elderly people using available sampling method. The instrument used was the Persian version of the Advanced Care Planning Questionnaire and related factors It was determined by advanced care planning with multivariate linear regression test. Results: The results show that the availability of advanced care planning services, discussions about it with others, patients' attitudes about advanced care planning and disease experience are 35% predictors of patients' feelings towards advanced care planning. There is a significant relationship between demographic variables such as income, marital status, gender and education of patients with advanced care planning. Conclusions: Considering that the factors related to advanced care planning can be different from one person to another and affected by different conditions, therefore with proper training of the treatment team and the knowledge and attitude that patients can acquire about advanced care planning.it is possible to achieve specialized care at the end of life and respect the dignity of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Providing palliative care (PC) is increasing by the increase in the number of people with life-threatening diseases and determined the benefits of these services in the community. Access to palliative care is a patient's rights and ethical responsibility. Thus it is necessary to integrate into all level of the health system, including the primary health care. This study was conducted to assess the requirements for the integration of PC into the primary health care. Method: It was a document analysis, carried out through conventional content analysis and 10 national documents on PC, released by governmental organizations from 2010. The 4-step Scott method was used for the data validity and the coding process was done utilizing MAXQDA 10 software. Results: Base on the data analysis, we identified the "requirements of the integration of PC into the primary health care", was of 4 main categories and 12 sub-categories. The categories include "principles and basics", "legislation and policy-making", "the establishment of PC system" and "the need for civil support", which were extracted by reviewing the documents. Conclusion: PC is believed to be in its early stages in the Iranian health system. Therefore, universal access to these services requires their provision at the community level. Thus, it is recommended that the principles and basics of PC in the country be explained and then, the necessary infrastructures of this integration be provided with the cooperation of governmental organizations, NGOs, and charities, through proper policy making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.