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Endothelins and renal dopamine contribute to control of renal function and arterial pressure in health and various forms of experimental hypertension, the action is mediated by tonic activity of specific receptors. We determined the action mediated by endothelin type B and by dopamine D3 receptors (ETB-R, D3-R) in anaesthetized spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. In rats of both hypertension models infused during 60 min into the interstitium of in situ kidney were either ETB-R antagonist, BQ788 (0.67 mg kg-1 BW h-1) or D3-R antagonist, GR103691 (0.2 mg kg-1 BW h-1). Arterial pressure (MAP), renal artery blood flow (RBF, transonic probe) and renal medullary blood flow (MBF, laser-Doppler) were measured along with sodium, water and total solute excretion (UNaV, V, UosmV). Experiments with ETB-R blockade confirmed their tonic vasodilator action in the whole kidney (RBF) and medulla (MBF) in both hypertension models. In SHR only, the first evidence was provided that ETB-R specifically increases transtubular backflux of non-electrolyte solutes. In DOCA-salt rats ETB-R blockade caused an early decrease in water and salt transport whereas an increase was often reported from many previous studies. The most striking effect of D3-R blockade in SHR was a selective increase in MBF, which strongly suggested tonic vasoconstrictor action of these receptors in the renal medulla; this speaks against prevailing opinion that D3 receptors are virtually inactive in SHR. In our model variant of DOCA-salt rats of D3-R blockade clearly caused a rapid major increase in MAP in parallel with depression of renal haemodynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of some disinfectants at glassy carbon electrode modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes is presented. The examined compounds are: 2-phenylphenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. The measurements has been performed using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry in Britton--Robinson buffers as supporting electrolytes. The modification of electrode surface with multiwalled carbon nanotubes enhances the peak current. It is possible to measure mixtures of two compounds (2-phenylphenol and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, triclosan and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole) in the solution of pH 9.9, which provides the best separation of oxidation peaks. Keywords: differential pulse voltammetry, carbon nanotubes, disinfectant DOI: 10.1134/S10619341310002X, Disinfectants are components of cosmetics, household products and disinfecting lotions. Due to their widespread use and toxicity, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of these compounds in environmental samples [...]

During our study a procedure of hair (62 samples) and teeth (38 samples) preparation for the XRF analysis was worked out. The samples were collected from the inhabitants of Katowice, Gliwice, Pysko-wice and Tychy (Silesia, Poland). In hair samples S, Ca, Na, Mg, P, K, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, Pb content was determined and in teeth samples Ca, P, Na, Mg, Al, S, K, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Pb content was determined. Conformity between the XRF and ICP results was obtained. Several correlations between the concentration of some elements and personal features (sex, age, smoking related) and environmental contamination were indicated. There were differences in the content of Al, Pb and Fe in women's teeth and men's teeth. A positive correlation between age and Mg, Fe, Cu, Sr and Pb content in teeth samples was noticed. Zn, S and Pb content depended on the level of pollution in the environment the samples came from. There were high levels of Zn and Pb concentration in teeth samples from smokers. In hair, positive correlations between the content of Ca, Fe and P and age were observed. Differences in Na, K and S content between women's and men's hair were noticed. Ca and Pb levels were different in samples obtained from different cities in Silesia. No correlation for Ba, Zn, Cu, Mn, Si was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heavy metals Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni and Mo were determined in 27 samples of medicinal herbs taken from various places in Bielsko Biala and the neighbouring area. Samples were digested by the wet method in a microwave oven. Flame AAS and differential pulse polarography (anodic and stripping voltammetry) were used for determination of these metals. Oriental tobacco (CTA-ATL-1) as the certified reference material was applied for calibration and validation of analytical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the use of differential pulse polarography in the analysis of products from coal treatment. Analysis on coal fly ashes digested by microwave oven; Facts on the examination of electrolytes; Results obtained from the determination of several chemical elements in slag and coal fly ash.

This paper presents results of speciation analysis of soils coming from Silesia. In examinations a five-step extraction procedure has been applied. Direct analysis of sediments and analysis of extracts was carried out by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with wavelength dispersion. Examinations were carried out with the use of soil CRM S-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]