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Species of four chrysidoid families, Bethylidae, Dryinidae, Embolemidae, and Sclerogibbidae that occurred in Iran are reviewed. A total of 54 species within 27 genera from Iran are listed. The family Bethylidae with 34 species belonging to 16 genera was the largest group followed by Dryinidae with 17 species belonging to eight genera. The known Bethylidae species from Iran certainly represent a very small piece of the world fauna, distributed mainly in the Palaearctic region. Of the seventeen species of Dryinidae, the known distribution of ten species is known yet limited to the Palaearctic region, but five species are distributed in the north of the Afrotropical region (Arabian peninsula). The families, Embolemidae and Sclerogibbidae each represented by two and a single species in Iran, respectively.Embolemus huberiOlmi is here recorded from Kirghizstan, Turkey and Turkmenistan for the first time. Until now, no species of the families Plumariidae and Scolebythidae have been recorded from Iran. Despite the importance and diversity of both bethylids and dryinids, it seems that the least attempts have been done to study their fauna in Iran.

The occurrence ofPauesia silanaTremblay, as an aphid parasitoid (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae) in Tunisia is documented. The parasitoid was found in association with the Aleppo pine aphid,Cinara palaestinensisHille Ris Lambers, infestingPinus halepensis. Specimens were collected by the rearing of the mummified aphids from the colonies infested the pine trees in the Arboretum of the Institut Supérieur Agronomique Chott Mériem (ISA CM - Tunisia) during March–April 2021. A brief diagnosis is provided for the recorded parasitoid. This is the first record of aPauesiaspecies in Tunisia (out of the purposeful introduction ofPauesia antennataMukerji). Two secondary parasitoids includingAsaphes vulgarisWalker andPachyneuron aphidis(Bouché) (Hym., Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) have also emerged from the mummified aphids. The knownCinaraaphids and their associated parasitoids in the North African country are reviewed. Both Aleppo pine aphid and the newly detected parasitoid might be considered exotic species in North Africa, sourced from a recent accidental introduction inside the Mediterranean area, or a horizontal expansion across the North African countries.

ODONTOBUTHUS BIDENTATUS LOURENÇO & PÉZIER, 2002 (FIGS 1–5, 15A–D, 20A, 21A, 22A, TABLES 1–5) Odontobuthus doriae: Habibi, 1971: 44; Farzanpay, 1987: 154–156; Farzanpay, 1990: 7; Akbari et al., 1997:112; Kovařík, 1997:47, 49, figs 11–13; Pooladgar, 1999: 176. Odontobuthus bidentatus Lourenço & Pézier, 2002: 118–122, figs 1–27; Navidpour et al., 2008a: 3, 5, 13–14, 28, figs 18, 22, 52–55; 2008b: 1, 3, 15, 21, figs 33–36; 2008c: 3, 11–12, 17, figs 21–24; 2008d: 3, 7–8, 14, figs 27–30; Pirali-Kheirabadi et al., 2009: 1, 3, 9–10, 13, fig. 10; Lowe, 2010: 1, 5, 15, 16, 17, figs 31, 32, 43, 44, 45–48, 51–55, 58, 59, 60–63; Navidpour et al., 2011: 3, 13, 22, figs 5, 8, 16, 21–24; Karataş et al., 2012: 116; Navidpour et al., 2012: 3, 14, 23, figs 2, 4, 5, 11, 25, 26; Mirshamsi et al., 2013: 153–160, 168, figs 1–3; Azghadi et al., 2014: 169–170, 172–173, 176–178, figs 1, 2g –i; Kassiri et al., 2015: 101; Ahmadi et al., 2016: 1568; Sharifinia et al., 2017: 243, 245, 246; Nejati et al., 2018: 7141, 7142; Barahoei et al., 2020: 399, 400, figs 18, 20. Type material: Holotype ♂ (MHNG), IRAQ: Khanagin-Dyala, 180 km N of Baghdad, ii.1964, G. Pringle. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus bidentatus may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium to large size, adults 51–76 mm (♂) and 56–83 mm (♀) (Fig. 15). Colour yellow. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.32–0.37. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 1.93–2.51). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 33–35 (♂) and 24–29 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with two to three pairs of prominent tooth-like processes (Fig. 22A). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.67–2.09. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with three or four prominent lobate processes; anal arch with three prominent lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of metasomal segment V with four reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 1.94–2.27 and length to height (TL/H), 2.00–2.43 (Figs 20A, 21A). Table 4. Continued Distribution: Odontobuthus bidentatus has been recorded in Iraq (Lourenço & Pézier, 2002) and five provinces of Iran: Bushehr; Fars; Ilam; Khuzestan; Kohgilouyeh and Boyer Ahmad (Habibi, 1971; Farzanpay, 1987, 1990; Akbari et al., 1997; Kovařík, 1997; Pooladgar, 1999; Lourenço & Pézier, 2002; Navidpour et al., 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2008 d, 2012; Lowe, 2010; Karataş et al., 2012; Azghadi et al., 2014; Kassiri et al., 2015; Ahmadi et al., 2016; Sharifinia et al., 2017; Nejati et al., 2018). Material examined: IRAN: Bushehr Province: Abdan, 28°09′N 51°39′E, 108 m, 14.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Bushehr to Dayer road, Jeirani village, 27°51′N 51°46′E, xi.2007, B. Masihipour, H. Bahrani & A. Habibzadeh, Bu-22, one ♀ (AMCC [LP 11083]); Park Jangali-e Ameri, 20 km N of Deylam Port, 30°12′N 50°10′E, 44 m, 15.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, silty soil, one ♂, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Tangestan, Farshanbeh, 28°53′N 51°19′E, 95 m, xi.2007, B. Masihipour, H. Bahrani & A. Habibzadeh, Bu-35.1, 1 ♀ [AMCC (LP 11084)]. Khuzestan Province: Baghmalek, 31°55′N 49°22′E, 185 m, i.2007, M. Kazemi, BA839/1, one ♀ [AMCC (LP 9702)]; Omidiyeh, 30°57′N 49°31′E, 23.iii.2007, H. Barahoei, two ♂♂, ten ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Sardasht, Tal-e Chega Oliya, 30°17′N 50°11′E, 44 m, 15.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, two ♂♂, one ♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM)., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 369-371, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Lourenco WR, Pezier A. 2002. Taxonomic consideration of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon (Scorpiones, Buthidae), with description of a new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 109: 115 - 125.","Habibi T. 1971. Liste de scorpions de l'Iran. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, Teheran University 2: 24 - 31, 42 - 47 [in Farsi and French].","Farzanpay R. 1987. [Knowing scorpions]. Central University Publications No. 312, Biology 4. Tehran: Central University, 231 [in Farsi, with Latin index].","Farzanpay R. 1990. A catalogue of the scorpions occurring in Iran up to January 1986. Archives of the Razi Institute 41: 1 - 12.","Akbari A, Tabatabai M, Hedayat A, Modiroosta H, Alizadeh M, Zare MK. 1997. [Study of the geographical distribution of scorpions in the south of Iran]. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi 34: 112 - 115 [in Farsi].","Kovarik F. 1997. Results of the Czech Biological Expedition to Iran. Part 2. Arachnida: Scorpiones, with descriptions of Iranobuthus krali gen. n. et sp. n. and Hottentotta zagrosensis sp. n. (Buthidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae 61: 39 - 52.","Pooladgar AR. 1999. Study on species frequency in Khuzestan province. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi 40: 175 - 177.","Navidpour S, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME, Fet V. 2008 a. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part I. Khuzestan Province. Euscorpius 65: 1 - 41.","Pirali-Kheirabadi K, Navidpour S, Fet V, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME. 2009. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiyari Province. Euscorpius 78: 1 - 23.","Lowe G. 2010. A new species of Odontobuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from northern Oman. Euscorpius 96: 1 - 22.","Navidpour S, Ezatkhah M, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME, Fet V. 2011. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VII. Kerman Province. Euscorpius 131: 1 - 32.","Karatas A, Moradi-Gharkheloo M, Ucak M. 2012. Contribution to the distribution of the scorpions of Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 55: 111 - 120.","Navidpour S, Fet V, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME. 2012. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part VIII. Fars Province. Euscorpius 139: 1 - 29.","Mirshamsi O, Azghadi S, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M, Kovarik F. 2013. Odontobuthus tirgari sp. nov. (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the eastern region of the Iranian Plateau. Zootaxa 3731: 153 - 170.","Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179.","Kassiri H, Kasiri N, Dianat A. 2015. Species composition, sex ratio, geographical distribution, seasonal and monthly activity of scorpions and epidemiological features of scorpionism in Zarrin-dasht County, Fars Province, southern Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 5: S 99 - S 103.","Ahmadi K, Vazirianzadeh B, Jalali A, Heidari A, Joola P. 2016. A morphometric study of Odontobuthus bidentatus (Scorpionida: Buthidae) and its dimorphism in Khuzestan a SW province, Iran. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India 19: 1567 - 1570.","Sharifinia N, Gowhari I, Hoseiny-Rad M, Aivazi AA. 2017. Fauna and geographical distribution of scorpions in Ilam Province, south western Iran. Journal of Arthropod-borne Diseases 11: 242 - 248.","Nejati J, Saghafipour A, Rafinejad J, Mozaffari E, Keyhani A, Abolhasani A, Kareshk AT. 2018. Scorpion composition and scorpionism in a high-risk area, the southwest of Iran. Electronic Physician 10: 7138 - 7145.","Barahoei H, Navidpour Sh, Aliabadian M, Siahsarvie R, Mirshamsi O. 2020. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones): annotated checklist, DELTA database and identification key. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 6: 375 - 474.","Navidpour S, Soleglad ME, Fet V, Kovarik F. 2008 b. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province. Euscorpius 67: 1 - 33.","Navidpour S, Fet V, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME. 2008 c. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part III. Ilam Province. Euscorpius 69: 1 - 29.","Navidpour S, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME, Fet V. 2008 d. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part IV. Kohgilouyeh and Boyer Ahmad Province. Euscorpius 74: 1 - 24.","Silvestro D, Michalak I. 2012. raxmlGUI: a graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 12: 335 - 337."]}

ODONTOBUTHUS KERMANUS SP. NOV. (FIGS 1–5, 12–14, TABLES 1 –5) Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: 98D4CF43-580A-43E0-890D-50C5ED84BFD9 Odontobuthus doriae: Dehghani et al. 2008: 176 (misidentification); Navidpour et al. 2011: 13 (misidentification). Type material: Holotype ♀ (SMF), two ♂♂, four ♀♀, one subad. ♂ paratypes (ZMFUM), IRAN: Kerman Province: Bardsir–Negar–Baft road, 29°58′N 56°42′E, 2238 m, 16.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sand. Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective, derived from the Iranian province of Kerman, where the type was collected. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus kermanus may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of small to medium size, adults 43–55 mm (♂) and 48–68 mm (♀) (Fig. 12A–D). Colour yellow to yellowish green. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.31–0.39. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 1.91–2.25). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 28–30 (♂) and 19–21 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with three or four pairs of tooth-like processes (Fig. 13C, D, G, H). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.67– 1.88. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with three or four prominent lobate processes; anal arch with two large lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of segment V with six reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 2.22–2.50 and length to height (TL/H), 2.26–2.68 (Fig. 1A, B, E, F). Affinities: Odontobuthus kermanus is closely related to O. baluchicus and O. doriae, with which it shares the presence of two prominent lateral lobes on the anal arch of metasomal segment V, and differs from all other species of the genus, which possess three lateral lobes. It differs from O. doriae in possessing four or five pairs of tooth-like processes on the ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III, and from O. baluchicus in metasomal segment I being equal to or wider than long. Description: Based on holotype ♀ (SMF) (Figs 12A, B, 13A–D, 14A, C, E) and paratype ♂ (ZMFUM 1340) (Figs 12C, D, 13E–H, 14B, D, F). As for O. baluchicus except where noted. Measurements: ♀: BL: 68.5; CL: 8.0; CWP: 9.5; CWA: 5.7; CX: 2.8; CY: 8.0; CHL: 14.8; ML: 5.0; MFL: 9.8; MtIL: 5.0; MtIH: 3.9; MtIW: 5.0; MtIIL: 6.0; MtIIH: 3.6; MtIIW: 4.4; MtIIIL: 6.0; MtIIIH: 3.4; MtIIIW: 4.2; MtIVL: 7.0; MtIVH: 3.3; MtIVW: 3.9; MtVL: 8.3; MtVH: 2.8; MtVW: 3.3; TL: 8.0; TW: 3.2; TH: 3.6. ♂: BL: 54.8; CL: 6.3; CWP: 7.2; CWA: 5.4; CX: 2.2; CY: 6.3; CHL: 11.7; ML: 4.0; MFL: 7.7; MtIL: 3.9; MtIH: 3.0; MtIW: 3.7; MtIIL: 4.5; MtIIH: 2.8; MtIIW: 3.5; MtIIIL: 4.7; MtIIIH: 2.8; MtIIIW: 3.1; MtIVL: 5.6; MtIVH: 2.6; MtIVW: 3.1; MtVL: 6.9; MtVH: 2.2; MtVW: 2.7; TL: 6.7; TW: 2.7; TH: 2.50. Colour: Carapace brownish-green; dark pigmentation around median and lateral ocelli. Mesosoma dark brown dorsally, paler brown ventrally. Pedipalps and legs lighter brown, distal part of femur and proximal part of patella darker especially on legs III and IV. Pectines light yellow to cream. Metasoma brown, segments darker dorsally, segment V darker than preceding segments. Telson vesicle light brown to yellow; aculeus light brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown to black posteriorly. Carapace: Trapezoid, wider than long, CWA/CL, 0.71 (♀) or 0.85 (♂), CWP/ CL, 1.18 (♀) or 1.14 (♂); anterior margin moderately emarginate; median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, CX/CL, 0.35 (♀) or 0.34 (♂), CX/ CY, 0.35 (♀) or 0.34 (♂), distance between median ocelli twice ocular diameter; five pairs of lateral ocelli (Fig. 12A, C); anteromedian and posteromedian sulci deep (♂) or shallow (♀); posterolateral sulci wide, curved; carinae distinct, central lateral and posteromedian carinae completely aligned; anteromedian carinae granular; central median, posteromedian and central lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); intercarinal surfaces of prosoma finely granular. Pedipalps: Pedipalp segments relatively short. Femur 3.5 (♀) or 3.24 (♂) times longer than wide; four complete, granular carinae; retrodorsal, prodorsal and proventral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); prolateral carinae comprising isolated spiniform granules; intercarinal surfaces smooth (Fig. 14A, B). Patella 2.89 (♀) or 2.91 (♂) times longer than wide; eight complete carinae; prodorsal carinae distinct (♀) or moderate (♂), granular; dorsomedian, retrodorsal, retrolateral, retroventral and ventromedian carinae obsolete to moderate, smooth (Fig. 14C); proventral and prolateral carinae comprising several spiniform granules (♂) (Fig. 14D). Chela 2.96 (♀) or 2.92 (♂) times longer than manus; manus wider than patella; fingers 1.96 (♀) or 1.92 (♂) times longer than manus; median denticle subrows, including proximal subrow (left/ right) of fixed finger, 12/12 and movable finger, 13/13; all subrows except proximal flanked by prolateral and retrolateral accessory denticles; movable finger with six (♂, ♀) or seven ♀) subdistal denticles, two prolateral and four (♂, ♀) or five (♀) retrolateral. Trichobothrium et adjacent to midpoint of denticle subrow 7; est adjacent to distal end of denticle subrow 8 (♂) (Fig. 14F) or midpoint of denticle subrow 9 (♀) (Fig. 14E). Sternum: Type I, triangular; slightly wider than long (♀) or longer than wide (♂); with deep median depression. Genital operculum: Completely divided longitudinally with fine, short bristles (Figs 12B, 13D). Pectines: Distal margin extending to (♀) or beyond (♂) coxa-trochanter joint of leg IV; three marginal and six median lamellae; fulcra present; teeth present along entire posterior margin of pecten, count (left/right), 28/38 (♂) and 20/20 (♀). Mesosoma: Tergites I– VI tricarinate; VII pentacarinate, lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂), median carinae incomplete, restricted to anterior half of segment and weakly granular; intercarinal surfaces finely (♀) or coarsely (♂) granular. Sternites III– VI acarinate; VII with four moderate (♀) or obsolete (♂), granular carinae, lateral carinae restricted to anterior half of segment. Metasoma: Metasomal segment I decacarinate; II–IV octocarinate; V pentacarinate; all complete carinae moderately to markedly granular on segments I–III and weakly to moderately granular on IV (♀) or weakly to moderately granular on I–IV (♂). Lateral inframedian carinae incomplete, restricted to posterior half of segment II; vestigial, reduced to few granules posteriorly, on III. Ventrosubmedian carinae on segments II and III each with three pairs of rounded (♀) or rounded to subtriangular (♂) toothlike processes. Anteroventral margins of segments III and IV each with four large, rounded granules. Ventrolateral carinae on segment V markedly dentate with large, rounded lobate processes posteriorly; anal arch with two large lobes laterally and four distinct lobes, sometimes laterally bidentate, posteroventrally (Fig. 13A–H). Telson: Oblong-ovoid, TH/TL, 0.40 (♀) or 0.37 (♂), TW /TL, 0.45 (♀) or ♂ (0.40); wider than (TW / MtVW, 1.09) (♀) (Fig. 14A, B) or similar to (TW /MtVW, 1.00) (♂) (Fig. 14E, F) width of metasomal segment V; dorsal surface flat, ventral surface curved, smooth (♀) or sparsely granular (♂). Distribution: Odontobuthus kermanus is endemic to Iran and recorded in only two provinces: Fars and Kerman. Additional material: IRAN: Fars Province: Neyriz, 20 km E of Qatruyeh, 29°10′N 54°51′E, 1657 m, 16.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loamy sand, one ♂, three ♀♀ (ZMFUM). Kerman Province: Bardsir-Sirjan road, 29°57′N 56°33′E, 2036 m, v.2009, A. Koohpaye, H. Jamalizadeh & A. Ebrahimi, Ke-104, one juv. ♀ [AMCC (LP 11067)]. Sirjan, 60 km SW, 29°09′N 55°18′E, 1724 m, 16.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loamy sand, two ♀♀, two subad. ♂♂ (ZMFUM).

ODONTOBUTHUS TIRGARI MIRSHAMSI ET AL., 2013 (FIGS 1–5, 19, 20 F, 21F, 22F, TABLES 1 –5) Odontobuthus doriae: Vatani & Khoobdel, 2009: 10 (misidentification); Ramezani et al., 2010: 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, figs 2, 3, 5 (misidentification); Karataş et al., 2012: 116 (misidentification); Motevalli Haghi et al., 2020: 69–72 (misidentification). Odontobuthus tirgari Mirshamsi et al., 2013: 153– 168, figs 1–41; Azghadi et al., 2014: 171; Navidpour & Mirshamsi, 2014: 112; Barahoei et al., 2020: 402, fig. 20. Type material: Holotype ♀ (AMNH), one ♂, one ♀ paratypes (AMNH), IRAN: Razavi Khorasan Province: Gonabad, Borjook village, 1.ix.2012, O. Mirshamsi. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus tirgari may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium to large size, adults 44–75 mm (♂) and 50–77 mm (♀) (Fig. 19). General coloration yellow to yellowishgreen. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.30–0.40. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 2.20–2.75). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 28–33 (♂) and 19–24 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with three to five pairs of tooth-like processes (Fig. 20F). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.63–2.33. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with three or four prominent lobate processes; anal arch with one small and two large lobes, sometimes presenting as two lobes, laterally; posteroventral margin of segment V with six reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 2.22–2.81 and length to height (TL/H), 2.22– 2.71 (Figs 20F, 21F). Distribution: Odontobuthus tirgari is endemic to Iran and recorded in four provinces: North Khorasan; Razavi Khorasan; Sistan and Baluchistan; South Khorasan (Vatani & Khoobdel, 2009; Ramezani et al., 2010; Karataş et al., 2012; Mirshamsi et al., 2013; Azghadi et al., 2014; Mir et al., 2014; Navidpour & Mirshamsi, 2014). Additional material: IRAN: Razavi Khorasan Province: G ona b a d, Gh oz hd Jung l e, 3 4° 2 5′ N 58°44′E, 1035 m, 30.vi.2018, UV light at night, silty soil, H. Barahoei, two ♂♂ (ZMFUM); Gonabad, Kakhk–Ostad road, 34°07′N 58°46′E, 6.viii.2011, O. Mirshamsi, two ♂♂, six subad. ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Gonabad, Kakhk village road, 34°09′N 58°45′E, 1391 m, 15.vii.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loamy sand, two ♂♂, two ♀♀, two subad. ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Gonabad, Marghesh village, 3 km NE of Kakhk, 34°08′N 58°38′E, 15.vii.2011, O. Mirshamsi, two ♂♂, seven ♀♀ (ZMFUM). Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Dasht-e Robat village, 30 km S of Khash, 28°04′N 61°19′E, 1382 m, 13.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loamy sand, one ♂, two ♀♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM); Iranshahr, 30 km E, 27°13′N 61°03′E, 1605 m, 13. 2018; H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, two ♂♂, one ♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM); 40 km on Iranshahr–Rask road, 26°58′N 60°53′E, 975 m, 14.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sand; one ♂, three ♀♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM); Iranshahr, Zimdan village, 26°49′N 60°58′E, 1390 m, 14.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, one ♂, one ♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM); Khash, Dehpabid village, 28°25′N 60°54′E, 1643 m, 16.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loamy sand, one ♀, two subad. ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Khash, Karvandar village, 27°43′N 60°45′E, 1045 m, 2.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, one ♂ (ZMFUM); Khash, Karvandar village, 27°51′N 60°45′E, 1230 m, 16.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sand, three ♂♂, two subad. ♂♂ (ZMFUM); Khash, Nouk Abad, Gowhar Kouh, 28°27′N 60°39′E, 1501 m, 4.iv.2019, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, clay loam, one ♂, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Mehrestan, 5 km E, 27°10′N 61°41′E, 1285 m, 13.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, clay loam, one ♂, four ♀♀, two subad. ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Saravan, 5 km N, 27°25′N 62°17′E, 1206 m, 13.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, two ♂♂, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Taftan Mountain, surroundings, iii.2018, A. Zamani, one subad. ♀ [AMCC (LP 15795)]; Zabol, Sefidabeh, Palang Kouh, 30°49′N 60°34′E, 1175 m, 3.iv.2019, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, clay loam, two ♂♂ (ZMFUM); Zahedan, Cheshmeh Ziarat, Polki village, 29°31′N 60°29′E, 1714 m, 2.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sand, one ♂, six ♀♀, three subad. ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Zahedan, Manzel Aab village, 29°18′N 60°47′E, 1605 m, 24.vii.2017, H. Barahoei, UV light at night, clay loam, three ♂♂, one ♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM). South Khorasan Province: Nehbandan, Chah-e Zard village, 31°32′N 60°02′E, 28.vii.2008, O. Mirshamsi, one ♂, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Nehbandan, Sahl Abad, 32°19′N 59°49′E, 1618 m, 14.vii.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, one ♂, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Shosf, 31°45 ′N 60°04′E, 1501 m, 14.vii.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, one ♂, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM)., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on page 392, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Vatani H, Khoobdel M. 2009. The scorpions of the Taibad region and the scorpionism situation in military environments. Military Medicine 11: 7 - 11.","Ramezani H, Matlabi M, Rafinejad J, Amiri M. 2010. The ecofaunistics of scorpions in Gonabad. Ofogh-e-Danesh. GMUHS Journal 16: 54 - 62.","Karatas A, Moradi-Gharkheloo M, Ucak M. 2012. Contribution to the distribution of the scorpions of Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 55: 111 - 120.","Motevalli Haghi F, Borna H, Dehghani R, Fazeli- Dinan M, Yazdani-Cherati J, Dehghan O, Sahraei- Rostami F, Nikookar SH. 2020. [Faunistic study of scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) in Qaenat County in Iran in 2017]. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 14: 66 - 74 [in Farsi].","Mirshamsi O, Azghadi S, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M, Kovarik F. 2013. Odontobuthus tirgari sp. nov. (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the eastern region of the Iranian Plateau. Zootaxa 3731: 153 - 170.","Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179.","Navidpour S, Mirshamsi O. 2014. Two new species of the genus Odontobuthus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from southern and eastern Iran. Proceedings of the 28 th European Congress of Arachnology, Torino, Italy, 112.","Barahoei H, Navidpour Sh, Aliabadian M, Siahsarvie R, Mirshamsi O. 2020. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones): annotated checklist, DELTA database and identification key. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 6: 375 - 474.","Mir Z, Mirshamsi O, Ghasemzadeh F. 2014. Scorpionfauna study of the north of Sistan and Baluchistan province. Proceedings of the 18 th National and 6 th International Congress of Biology in Iran, 26 - 29 August 2014, Kharazmi University, 19."]}

ODONTOBUTHUS BALUCHICUS SP. NOV. (FIGS 1–8, TABLES 1 –5) Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: BA97ECB6-A884-4088-922A-FFAD47EA0C84 Odontobuthus doriae: Shahi et al., 2008: 211 (misidentification); Fekri et al., 2012: 137 (misidentification); Navidpour et al., 2013: 12 (misidentification). Type material: Holotype ♀ (SMF), three ♂♂, two ♀♀ paratypes (ZMFUM), IRAN: Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Nikshahr, Chanf, Goank village, 26°38′N 60°27′E, 1199 m, 3.viii.2017, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sandy soil. Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective, derived from Baluchistan, the Iranian province where the type locality is located. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus baluchicus may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium to large size, adults 66–68 mm (♂) and 56–82 mm (♀) (Fig. 6A–D). Colour yellow to brownish-green. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.35– 0.39. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 2.44–2.57). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 29–31 (♂) and 20–24 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with two to four pairs of prominent tooth-like processes (Fig. 7C, D, G, H). Metasomal segment length to width (L/W), 1.83–2.11. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with three or four prominent lobate processes; anal arch with two prominent lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of metasomal segment V with six reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 2.22– 2.63 and length to height (TL/H), 2.42–2.63 (Fig. 7A, B, E, F). KEY TO IDENTIFICATION OF THE SPECIES OF ODONTOBUTHUS 1. Metasomal segment V, anal arch with two lobes laterally.............................................................................. 2- Metasomal segment V, anal arch with three lobes laterally........................................................................... 4 2. Metasomal segment II, ventrosubmedian carinae with three pairs of tooth-like processes............ O. doriae - Metasomal segment II, ventrosubmedian carinae with four or five pairs of tooth-like processes............... 3 3. Adult length, 66–68 mm (♂), 56–82 mm (♀); metasomal segment I longer than wide.............. O. baluchicus - Adult length, 43–55 mm (♂), 48–68 mm (♀); metasomal segment I equal to or wider than long.. O. kermanus 4. Colour greenish brown; metasomal segment III, ventrosubmedian carinae with four or five pairs of toothlike processes; segment V, anal arch with two large and one small lobes laterally......................... O. tirgari - Colour light brown to yellow; metasomal segment III, ventrosubmedian carinae with two or three pairs of tooth-like processes; segment V, anal arch with three large lobes laterally.................................................. 55. Colour light brown; pedipalp chela movable finger, median denticle row comprising 13 or 14 subrows; metasomal segment I equal to or wider than long; segments II and III, ventrosubmedian carinae with two pairs of tooth-like processes.............................................................................................................................. 6- Colour yellow; pedipalp chela movable finger, median denticle row comprising 10–12 subrows; metasomal segment I longer than wide; segments II and III, ventrosubmedian carinae with three or more pairs of tooth-like processes........................................................................................................................................... 7 6. Metasomal segment V, anal arch with four reduced lobes posteroventrally.............................. O. bidentatus - Metasomal segment V, anal arch with six reduced lobes posteroventrally.................................. O. tavighiae 7. Metasomal segment V, anal arch with six lobes posteroventrally; adult length O. odonturus - Metasomal segment V, anal arch with two distinct lobes posteroventrally; adult length> 50 mm; does not occur in India or Pakistan................................................................................................................................. 8 8. Pedipalp chela movable finger short relative to chela manus (MFL / ML = 1.40–1.75); pectinal tooth count (♀), 20–25; occurs in the Arabian Peninsula (Oman and United Arab Emirates................. O. brevidigitus - Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to chela manus (MFL / ML = 2.00–2.30); pectinal tooth count (♀), 18–20; occurs in Iran......................................................................................................... O. chabaharensis Affinities: Odontobuthus baluchicus is closely related to O. doriae, with which it shares the presence of two prominent lateral lobes on the anal arch of metasomal segment V, and differs from all other species of the genus, which possess three lateral lobes. It differs from O. doriae in its coloration, longer than wide metasomal segment I and three pairs of prominent tooth-like processes on the ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segment II, and from O. kermanus in its larger body size and longer than wide metasomal segment I. Description: Based on holotype ♀ (SMF) (Figs 6A, B, 7A–D, 8A, C, E) and paratype ♂ (ZMFUM 1302) (Figs 6C, D, 7E–H, 8B, D, F). Measurements: ♀: BL: 71.0; CL: 8.0; CWP: 9.3; CWA: 5.6; CX: 3.2; CY: 8.1; CHL: 15.4; ML: 4.3; MFL: 11.1; MtIL: 5.5; MtIH: 4.1; MtIW: 5.4; MtIIL: 6.0; MtIIH: 3.9; MtIIW: 4.7; MtIIIL: 6.2; MtIIIH: 3.8; MtIIIW: 4.2; MtIVL: 7.2; MtIVH: 3.6; MtIVW: 4.1; MtVL: 8.5; MtVH: 3.3; MtVW: 3.4; TL: 8.1; TW: 3.5; TH: 3.2. ♂: BL: 67.8; CL: 7.2; CWP: 7.6; CWA: 4.7; CX: 2.7; CY: 7.0; CHL: 14.7; ML: 4.2; MFL: 10.5; MtIL: 5.8; MtIH: 5.2; MtIW: 4.3; MtIIL: 6.5; MtIIH: 3.8; MtIIW: 4.6; MtIIIL: 6.7; MtIIIH: 3.5; MtIIIW: 4.0; MtIVL: 7.8; MtIVH: 3.2; MtIVW: 3.8; MtVL: 9.0; MtVH: 3.0; MtVW: 3.0; TL: 7.3; TW: 3.0; TH: 3.0. Colour: Carapace and mesosoma brownish-green, slightly paler ventrally; dark pigmentation around median and lateral ocelli. Pedipalps and legs lighter, distal part of femur and proximal part of patella darker especially on legs III and IV. Pectines light yellow to cream. Metasoma brown to yellow, segments darker dorsally, segment V darker than preceding segments. Telson vesicle yellowish-brown; aculeus brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown to black posteriorly. Chelicerae: Fi x e d f i n g e r ventral surface with two basal denticles. Movable finger prolateral and retrolateral distal denticles equal in size. Carapace: Trapezoid, wider than long, CWA/CL, 0.70 (♀) or 0.65 (♂), CWP/CL, 1.16 (♀) or 1.05 (♂); anterior margin moderately emarginate; median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, CX/CL, 0.40 (♀) or 0.37 (♂), CX/ CY, 0.39 (♀) or 0.38 (♂), distance between median ocelli twice ocular diameter; five pairs of lateral ocelli (Fig. 6A, C); anteromedian and posteromedian sulci deep (♂) or shallow (♀); posterolateral sulci w i d e, c u r v e d; c a r i n a e d i s t i n c t, c e n t r a l l a t e r a l and posteromedian carinae completely aligned; anteromedian carinae granular; central median, posteromedian and central lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); intercarinal surfaces of prosoma finely granular. Pedipalps: Pedipalp segments relatively long. Femur 3.8 (♀) or 3.9 (♂) times longer than wide; four complete, granular carinae; retrodorsal, prodorsal and proventral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); prolateral carinae comprising isolated spiniform granules; intercarinal surfaces smooth (Fig. 8A, B). Patella 2.96 (♀) or 3.5 (♂) times longer than wide; eight complete carinae; prodorsal carinae distinct, granular; dorsomedian, retrodorsal, retrolateral, retroventral and ventromedian carinae obsolete to moderate, smooth (Fig. 8C); proventral and prolateral carinae comprising several spiniform granules (♂) (Fig. 8D). Chela 3.6 (♀) or 3.5 (♂) times longer than manus; manus narrower (♀) or wider (♂) than patella; fingers 2.6 (♀) or 2.5 (♂) times longer than manus; median denticle subrows, including proximal subrow (left/right) of fixed finger, 13/13 and movable finger, 14/14; all subrows except proximal flanked by prolateral and retrolateral accessory denticles; movable finger with five (♂) or six (♀) subdistal denticles, two prolateral and three (♂) or four (♀) retrolateral. Orthobothriotaxic type A-β, with following segment totals: femur, 11 (five dorsal, four internal, two external) (Fig. 8A, B), patella, 13 (five dorsal, one internal, seven external) (Fig. 8C, D) and chela, 15 (eight manus, seven fixed finger) (Fig. 8E, F), totalling 39 trichobothria per pedipalp; trichobothria esb (fixed finger), Esb, Eb 3 (manus), d 2 (patella) and d 2 (femur) petite; trichobothrium et adjacent to proximal (♀) or distal (♂) end of median denticle subrow 7; est adjacent to midpoint (♀) or distal end (♂) of subrow 9 (Fig. 8E, F). Legs: Legs III and IV each with tibial spurs; I–IV each with bifurcate prolateral pedal spurs; telotarsi, ventral surfaces with two rows of fine setae. Sternum: Type I, triangular; slightly wider than long (♀) or longer than wide (♂); with deep median depression. Genital operculum: Completely divided longitudinally with fine, short bristles (Fig. 6B, D). Pectines: Distal margin extending to (♀) or beyond (♂) coxa-trochanter joint of leg IV; three marginal and eight (♀) or nine (♂) median lamellae; fulcra present; teeth present along entire posterior margin of pecten, count (left/right), 29/30 (♂) and 21/21 (♀). Mesosoma: Tergites I – VI tricarinate; VII pentacarinate, lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂), median carinae incomplete, restricted to anterior half of segment and weakly granular; intercarinal surfaces finely (♀) or coarsely (♂) granular. Sternites III– VI acarinate; VII with four moderate, granular carinae, lateral carinae restricted to anterior half of segment. Metasoma: Metasomal segment I decacarinate; II – IV octocarinate; V pentacarinate; all complete carinae moderately to markedly granular on segments I–III and weakly to moderately granular on IV (♀) or weakly to moderately granular on I–IV (♂). Lateral inframedian carinae incomplete, restricted to posterior half of segment II; vestigial, reduced to few granules posteriorly, on III. Ventrosubmedian carinae on segments II and III each with four pairs of rounded (♀) or subtriangular (♂) toothlike processes. Anteroventral margins of segment III with six large, rounded granules, IV with four (♂) to six (♀) large, rounded granules. Ventrolateral carinae on segment V markedly dentate with large, rounded (♀) or subtriangular (♂) lobate processes posteriorly; anal arch with two large (♀) or one small and two large (♂) lobes laterally and six distinct lobes posteroventrally (Fig. 7A–H). Telson: Oblong-ovoid, TH/TL, 0.39 (♀) or 0.41 (♂), TW /TL, 0.43 (♀) or 0.41 (♂); slightly wider than (TW /MtVW, 1.02) (♀) (Fig. 7A, B) or similar to (TW /MtVW, 1.00) (♂) (Fig. 7E, F) width of metasomal segment V; dorsal surface flat, ventral surface curved, smooth (♀) or sparsely granular (♂). Distribution: Odontobuthus baluchicus is endemic to Iran and recorded in only two provinces: Hormozgan; Sistan and Baluchistan. The distributions of O. baluchicus, in south-eastern Iran, and O. kermanus, in central Iran, are allopatric. Additional material: IRAN: Hormozgan Province: Jask–Beshagard road, 25°50′N 57°50′E, 149 m, 6.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, four ♀♀ (ZMFUM). Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Nikshahr, Konari village, 26°20′N 60°06′E, 660 m, 3.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, sandy soil, two ♀♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM).

ODONTOBUTHUS TAVIGHIAE NAVIDPOUR ET AL., 2013 (FIGS 1–5, 18, 20E, 21E, 22E, TABLES 1–5) Odontobuthus odonturus: Nejati et al., 2014: 19–220 (misidentification). Odontobuthus tavighiae Navidpour et al., 2013: 3, 13, 14, 21, figs 3, 10, 13–23; Azghadi et al., 2014: 169, 170, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, figs 1, 2j–l; Barahoei et al., 2020: 402, fig. 20. Type material: Holotype ♂ (FKCP), paratype ♀ (RRLS), IRAN: Hormozgan Province: Lengeh Port, 27°08′06”N 55°49′17.5′′, 12 m, v.2009, Masihipour, Hayader & Habibzadeh. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus tavighiae can be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium to large size, adults 52–67 mm (♂) and 45–79 mm (♀) (Fig. 18). Colour yellow. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.34–0.38. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 1.69–2.06). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 30–34 (♂) and 22–27 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with two pairs of tooth-like processes (Fig. 22E). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.60–1.95. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with three or four prominent lobate processes; anal arch with three large lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of segment V with six reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 1.89–2.28 and length to height (TL/H), 1.96– 2.35 (Figs 20E, 21E). Distribution: Odontobuthus tavighiae is endemic to Iran and recorded from only two provinces: Fars; Hormozgan (Navidpour et al., 2013; Azghadi et al., 2014; Navidpour & Mirshamsi, 2014). Material examined: IRAN: Fars Province: Mohr, 27°31′N 52°54′E, 445 m, 13.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, clay loam, one ♂, three ♀♀ (ZMFUM). Hormozgan Province: Hameyran, 27°01′N 53°43′E, 224 m, 12.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, one ♂, three ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Lavar-e Khasht village, 10 km N, Hameyran–Parsian road, 27°09′N 53°26′E, 519m, 13.iv.2018; H.Barahoei,daytime excavation, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Parsian, Behdeh village, 27°04′N 53°29′E, 11.xii.2007, 1 ♂ (ZMFUM); Parsian, SE of Bando village, 27°19′N 52°52′E, 11.xii.2007, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Parsian, Chahvaz, 27°05′N 53°28′E, 231 m, 12.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, six ♂♂, two ♀♀, two subad. ♂♂ (ZMFUM); Parsian, Pishab village, 27°10′N 53°07′E, 106 m, 13.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, loam, one ♂, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM)., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 391-392, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Nejati J, Mozafari E, Saghafipour A, Kiyani M. 2014. Scorpion fauna and epidemiological aspects of scorpionism in southeastern Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 4: S 217 - S 221.","Navidpour S, Soleglad ME, Fet V, Kovarik F. 2013. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part IX. Hormozgan Province, with a description of Odontobuthus tavighiae sp. n. (Buthidae). Euscorpius 170: 1 - 29.","Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179.","Barahoei H, Navidpour Sh, Aliabadian M, Siahsarvie R, Mirshamsi O. 2020. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones): annotated checklist, DELTA database and identification key. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 6: 375 - 474.","Navidpour S, Mirshamsi O. 2014. Two new species of the genus Odontobuthus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from southern and eastern Iran. Proceedings of the 28 th European Congress of Arachnology, Torino, Italy, 112."]}

ODONTOBUTHUS ODONTURUS (POCOCK, 1897) (FIGS 1, 3–5, 16C–E, 20D, 21D, 22D, TABLES 1, 4, 5) Buthus odonturus Pocock, 1897: 104; Kraepelin, 1899: 27; Birula, 1900b: 357, 358; Birula, 1905: 122; Kraepelin, 1913: 124, 125; Werner, 1936: 204. Buthus doriae odonturus: Pocock, 1900: 16–18, fig. 8B; Takashima, 1945: 75., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on page 388, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Pocock RI. 1897. Descriptions of some new species of scorpions from India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 11: 102 - 117.","Kraepelin K. 1899. Scorpiones und Pedipalpi. In: Dahl F, ed. Das Tierreich, 8 (Arachnoidea). Berlin: Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft. R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 1 - 265.","Birula AA. 1900 b. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Scorpionenfauna Ost-Persiens. (1. Beitrag). Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg 12: 355 - 375.","Birula AA. 1905. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Scorpionenfauna Persiens. (3. Beitrag). Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg 23: 119 - 148.","Werner F. 1936. Reptilien und Gliedertiere aus Persien. Festschrift zum 60, Geburtstage von Professor Dr. Embrik Strand 2: 193 - 204.","Pocock RI. 1900. Arachnida. In: Blandford WT, ed. Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. London: Taylor and Francis, 279.","Takashima H. 1945. [Scorpions of eastern Asia]. Acta Arachnologica 9: 68 - 106 [in Japanese]."]}

ODONTOBUTHUS BREVIDIGITUS LOWE, 2010 (FIGS 1, 3–5, 16A, B, 20B, 21B, 22B, TABLES 1, 4, 5) Odontobuthus brevidigitus Lowe, 2010: 2–15, figs 1–30, 37–38, 49–57, 60–65; Mirshamsi et al., 2013: 153, 169; Azghadi et al., 2014: 169, 175, 178. Type material: Holotype ♂ (NHMB), OMAN: Batinah Plain, c. 4 km E of Seeb, 23°41.39′N 58°06.93′E, 0 m, 22.x.1993, G. Lowe & A. S. Gardner. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus brevidigitus may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium size, adults 50–65 mm (Fig. 16A, B). Colour golden yellow. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.34. Pedipalp chela movable finger short relative to manus (MFL / ML, 1.40–1.75). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 10–12 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 29–36 (♂) and 20–25 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with two or three pairs of prominent tooth-like processes (Fig. 22B). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.67–1.96. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with several prominent spiniform processes; anal arch with three lateral lobes; posteroventral margin of metasomal segment V with two large lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 1.86–2.40 and length to height (TL/H), 2.09– 2.40) (Figs 20B, 21B). Distribution: Odontobuthus brevidigitus is endemic to the Arabian Peninsula and has only been recorded from Oman and the United Arab Emirates (Lowe, 2010). Material examined: OMAN: Al Dakhiliyah Governate: Bahla Public Picnic Site, c. 3.5 km SW Bahla, 22°56′N 57°16′E, 533 m, 19–20.v.2017, L. Prendini & M. Roppo, arid savanna on alluvial floodplain near rocky hills, many large and smaller Acacia trees and spiny bushes on compact greyish alluvial silt, powdery with crust, somewhat degraded, specimens very common, mostly excavated during daytime from burrows, c. 30–50 cm deep in open ground and near bushes, others collected with UV light detection on warm, still, moonless night, many doorkeeping at burrow entrances, few collected sitting on ground surface, eight ♂♂, seven ♀♀ (AMNH), one juv. ♀ [AMCC (LP 14256)]. Al Wusta Governate: Wadi Rawnab, 18°49′N 56°24′E, 111 m, 15.v.2019, M. Stockmann, daytime excavation, one ♂ (ZMFUM). Muscat Governate: Bimma, 22°58′N 59°10′E, 7 m, iii.2017, M. Seiter & A. Ullrich, one juv. ♀ [AMCC (LP 15780)]., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 371-372, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Lowe G. 2010. A new species of Odontobuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from northern Oman. Euscorpius 96: 1 - 22.","Mirshamsi O, Azghadi S, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M, Kovarik F. 2013. Odontobuthus tirgari sp. nov. (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the eastern region of the Iranian Plateau. Zootaxa 3731: 153 - 170.","Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179."]}

ODONTOBUTHUS DORIAE (THORELL, 1876) (FIGS 1–5, 17A–D, 20C, 21C, 22C, TABLES 1–5) Buthus doriae Thorell, 1876: 107–110; Simon, 1880: 29; Kraepelin, 1891: 57, 58, pl. I, figs 6, 10; Kraepelin, 1899: 27; Birula, 1900a: 10, 11; Pocock, 1900: 16–18, fig. 8B; Kraepelin, 1901: 267; Birula, 1905: 121, 122; Birula, 1910: 119, 120; Kraepelin, 1913: 124, 125; Werner, 1929: 243, 244; Werner, 1936: 204; Whittick, 1955: (unpaginated). Buthus (Buthus) doriae: Birula, 1917: 23, 214; Roewer, 1943: 206. Buthus (Buthus) doriae doriae: Birula, 1917: 239. Odontobuthus doriae: Vachon, 1950: 153, 154; Vachon, 1952: 326; Pringle, 1960: 83, fig. 8; Khalaf, 1963: 59; Vachon, 1966: 213; Habibi, 1971: 44; Kinzelbach, 1985: map I; Farzanpay, 1987: 154, 155; Farzanpay, 1988: 39; Farzanpay, 1990: 7; Sissom, 1990: 92, fig. 3.17J; El-Hennawy, 1992: 102, 128; Kovarik, 1997: 47, 49, fig. 11; Dehghani et al., 1998: 126; Kovarik, 1998: 115; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 187; Kovařík, 2002: 9; Lourenço & Pézier, 2002: 115, 116, 122, figs 1–4; Vignoli & Crucitti, 2005: 6–7; Pirali-Kheirabadi et al., 2009: 1, 3, 9, 13, figs 24–27; Lowe, 2010: 1, 2, 6, 15–17; Karataş et al., 2012: 116; Navidpour et al., 2012: 3, 14, 23, fig. 15; Mirshamsi et al., 2013: 160, 170; Mozaffari et al., 2013: 5414, fig.7; Navidpour et al., 2013: 12, 13, figs 7, 10, 38; Pirali-Kheirabadi et al., 2013: 48; Azghadi et al., 2014: 169–178, fig. 2d–f; Moradi et al., 2014: 8; Moradi et al., 2015: 13; Nazari et al., 2015: 257, 259; Ahmadimarzale et al., 2017: 337–339; Dehghani & Kassiri, 2017: 433– 438; Dehghani et al., 2017: 113–116; Navidpour et al., 2019: 2, 5; Barahoei et al., 2020: 400, 401, figs 19, 20. Odonbuthus doriae: Pérez Minnocci, 1974: 28. Type material: Two syntypes (MCSN), IRAN: Tehran Province: Tehran. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus doriae may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of medium to large size, adults 48–72 mm (♂) and 64–84 mm (♀) (Fig. 17A–D). Colour yellow to pale yellow. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.32–0.37. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL / ML, 1.81–2.25). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 13 or 14 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 30–32 (♂) and 21–25 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with three or four pairs of prominent tooth-like processes (Fig. 22C). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.70– 2.00. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with four or five prominent lobate processes; anal arch with two large lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of segment V with six reduced lobes. Telson small, narrow, length to width (TL/W), 2.05–2.60 and length to height (TL/H), 2.14–2.71 (Figs 20C, 21C). Distribution: Odontobuthus doriae is endemic to Iran and recorded in 14 provinces: Alborz; Chahar mahal and Bakhtiyari; East Azerbaijan; Esfahan; Hamadan; Ilam; Kermanshah; Lorestan; Qazvin; Qom; Semnan; Tehran; Yazd; Zanjan (Kraepelin, 1899; Pocock, 1900; Vachon, 1966; Habibi, 1971; Farzanpay, 1987, 1990; Kovařík, 1997, 2002; Dehghani et al., 1998, 2017; Lourenço & Pézier, 2002; Vignoli & Crucitti, 2005; Pirali-Kheirabadi et al., 2009, 2013; Lowe, 2010; Karataş et al., 2012; Navidpour et al., 2012, 2019; Mozaffari et al., 2013; Azghadi et al., 2014; Moradi et al., 2014, 2015; Nazari et al., 2015; Ahmadimarzale et al., 2017). Records of O. doriae from Kerman Province (Dehghani et al., 2008: 176; Navidpour et al., 2011: 13) are misidentifications of O. kermanus. Records from Hormozgan Province (Shahi et al., 2008: 211; Fekri et al., 2012: 137; Navidpour et al., 2013: 12) are probably misidentifications of O. baluchicus. Material originating from Fars, Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan and Yazd provinces require further investigation. Material from Kermanshah, Ilam and Lorestan provinces, to the east of the Zagros Mountains, may be referable to O. bidentatus; from the north, east, and southwest of Fars, to O. doriae, O. kermanus and O. bidentatus, respectively; and from Yazd, to O. kermanus. Material examined: IRAN: Semnan Province: Mehdishahr, Darjazin, 35°37′N 53°21′E, 4388 m, 5.viii.2018, M. Amiri, night with UV light, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Semnan, T. Habibi, one ♂, two ♀♀, one subad. ♂, one subad. ♀ (ZMFUM); Semnan, Desert Research Center, 35°35′N 53°26′E; 1182 m, 1.viii.2004, Mohammadi, two ♀♀ (ZMFUM). Tehran Province: Teheran, Von Brandis, seven ♀♀, one subad. ♀ (ZMB 7500); Teheran, 1903, one ♂, one ♀ (SAM 6511 ex Museo Torino); Tehran, 15 km SE, 30°41′N 51°25′E, 30.v.2011, O. Mirshamsi, two ♂♂, 28 ♀♀ (ZMFUM); Varamin, v.2005, S. Tehrani, one ♀ [AMCC (LP 4350)]; Varamin, Pishva, Ghale boland village; 39°19′N 51°39′E, 27.x.2008, Mohammadi, one ♂ (ZMFUM). Yazd Province: Ardakan, 10 km E, 32°19′N 54°15′E, 1235 m, 11.iv.2004, V. Vignoli & P. Crucitti, VVZC Y165, one ♀ [AMCC (LP 2908)]., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 377-380, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Thorell T. 1876. Etudes scorpiologiques. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali Genova 19: 75 - 272.","Simon E. 1880. Scorpions du Mossoul (ancienne Ninive), sur le Tigre, en Mesopotamie. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 10: 29.","Kraepelin K. 1891. Revision der Skorpione. I. Die Familie der Androctonidae. Beiheft zum Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten 8: 1 - 144.","Kraepelin K. 1899. Scorpiones und Pedipalpi. In: Dahl F, ed. Das Tierreich, 8 (Arachnoidea). Berlin: Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft. R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 1 - 265.","Birula AA. 1900 a. [Scorpiones mediterranei Musei Zoologici mosquensis]. Izvestiya Imperatorskogo Obshchestva Lyubitelei Prirody, Istorii, Antropologii i Etnografii [Societas Caesarea Amicorum Rerum Naturalium, Anthropologiae Ethnographiae Universitatis Moscoviensis] 3: 8 - 20 [in Russian].","Pocock RI. 1900. Arachnida. In: Blandford WT, ed. Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. London: Taylor and Francis, 279.","Kraepelin K. 1901. Catalogue des scorpions des collections du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 7: 265 - 273.","Birula AA. 1905. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Scorpionenfauna Persiens. (3. Beitrag). Bulletin de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg 23: 119 - 148.","Birula AA. 1910. Ueber Scorpio maurus Linne und seine Unterarten. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae 39: 115 - 192.","Werner F. 1929. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna von Syrien und Persien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 81: 238 - 245.","Werner F. 1936. Reptilien und Gliedertiere aus Persien. Festschrift zum 60, Geburtstage von Professor Dr. Embrik Strand 2: 193 - 204.","Whittick RJ. 1955. Scorpions from Palestine, Syria, Irak and Iran. In: Field H, ed. Contributions to the fauna and flora of southwestern Asia. Coconut Grove: privately printed by Henry Field (Miscellanea Asiatica Occidentalis XII; Amer. Document. Inst. Microf. No. 4612, 76 - 81.)","Birula AA. 1917. Arachnoidea Arthrogastra Caucasica. Pars I. Scorpiones. Zapiski Kavkazskogo Muzeya [Memoires du Musee du Caucase]. Tblisi: Imprimerie de la Chancellerie du Comite pour la Transcaucasie, A (5): 1 - 253 in [Russian; English translation: Byalynitskii-Birulya AA. 1964. Arthrogastric Arachnids of Caucasia. I. Scorpions. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem].","Roewer CF. 1943. Uber eine neuerworbene Sammlung von Skorpionen des Natur-Museums Senckenberg. Senckenbergiana 26: 205 - 244.","Vachon M. 1950. Etudes sur les scorpions. Chapitre III (suite). Description des scorpions du nord de l'Afrique. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur d'Algerie 28: 152 - 216.","Vachon M. 1952. Etudes sur les scorpions. Algiers: Institut Pasteur d'Algerie, 482.","Pringle G. 1960. Notes on the scorpions of lraq. Bulletin of Endemic Diseases 3: 73 - 87.","Khalaf KI. 1963. Scorpions reported from Iraq. Bulletin of Endemic Diseases (Baghdad) 5: 59 - 70.","Vachon M. 1966. Liste des scorpions connus en Egypte, Arabie, Israel, Liban, Syrie, Jordanie, Turquie, Irak, Iran. Toxicon 4: 209 - 218.","Habibi T. 1971. Liste de scorpions de l'Iran. Bulletin of the Faculty of Science, Teheran University 2: 24 - 31, 42 - 47 [in Farsi and French].","Kinzelbach R. 1985. Vorderer Orient. Skorpione (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Tubinger Atlas der Vorderer Orients (TAVO), Karte Nr. A VI: 14.2.","Farzanpay R. 1987. [Knowing scorpions]. Central University Publications No. 312, Biology 4. Tehran: Central University, 231 [in Farsi, with Latin index].","Farzanpay R. 1988. A catalogue of the scorpions occurring in Iran, up to January 1986. Revue Arachnologique 8: 33 - 44.","Farzanpay R. 1990. A catalogue of the scorpions occurring in Iran up to January 1986. Archives of the Razi Institute 41: 1 - 12.","Sissom WD. 1990. Systematics, biogeography and paleontology. In: Polis GA, ed. The biology of scorpions. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 64 - 160.","El-Hennawy HK. 1992. A catalogue of the scorpions described from the Arab countries (1758 - 1990) (Arachnida: Scorpionida). Serket 2: 95 - 153.","Kovarik F. 1997. Results of the Czech Biological Expedition to Iran. Part 2. Arachnida: Scorpiones, with descriptions of Iranobuthus krali gen. n. et sp. n. and Hottentotta zagrosensis sp. n. (Buthidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae 61: 39 - 52.","Dehghani R, Tirgari S, Doroudgar A, Sayyah M. 1998. [A survey on scorpion fauna in Kashan]. Pajouhesh va Sazandegi 38: 126 - 127 [in Farsi].","Kovarik F. 1998. Stiri. Jihlava: Madagaskar, 175. [in Czech]","Fet V, Lowe G. 2000. Family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837. In: Fet V, Sissom WD, Lowe G, Braunwalder ME. Catalog of the scorpions of the world (1758 - 1998). New York: New York Entomological Society, 54 - 286.","Kovarik F. 2002. A checklist of scorpions (Arachnida) in the collection of the Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Serket 8: 1 - 23.","Lourenco WR, Pezier A. 2002. Taxonomic consideration of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon (Scorpiones, Buthidae), with description of a new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 109: 115 - 125.","Vignoli V, Crucitti P. 2005. Notes on the scorpion diversity (Arachnida, Scorpiones) of the Yazd Province, central Iran. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae Biologicae (Brno) 90: 1 - 11.","Pirali-Kheirabadi K, Navidpour S, Fet V, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME. 2009. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part V. Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiyari Province. Euscorpius 78: 1 - 23.","Lowe G. 2010. A new species of Odontobuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from northern Oman. Euscorpius 96: 1 - 22.","Karatas A, Moradi-Gharkheloo M, Ucak M. 2012. Contribution to the distribution of the scorpions of Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 55: 111 - 120.","Navidpour S, Fet V, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME. 2012. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part VIII. Fars Province. Euscorpius 139: 1 - 29.","Mirshamsi O, Azghadi S, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M, Kovarik F. 2013. Odontobuthus tirgari sp. nov. (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from the eastern region of the Iranian Plateau. Zootaxa 3731: 153 - 170.","Mozaffari E, Sedaghat MM, Dehkordi AS, Akbarzadeh K. 2013. Biodiversity and species composition of scorpions (Arachnida, Scorpiones) in Ilam County, Iran. Journal of Applied Scientific Research 9: 5412 - 5418.","Navidpour S, Soleglad ME, Fet V, Kovarik F. 2013. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part IX. Hormozgan Province, with a description of Odontobuthus tavighiae sp. n. (Buthidae). Euscorpius 170: 1 - 29.","Pirali-Kheirabadi K, Khalaji-Pirbalouty V, Jazayeri A. 2013. Geographical distribution of scorpions in Chaharmahal va Bakhteyari Province. Veterinary Journal (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi) 103: 44 - 51.","Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179.","Moradi M, Yagmur A, Moradi-Gharkheloo P. 2014. Study of scorpion fauna (Arachnida: scorpions) on Zanjan Province. Proceedings of the 18 th National and 6 th International Congress of Biology in Iran, 26 - 29 August 2014, Kharazmi University, 8.","Moradi M, Yagmur E, Pooyan-Moradi G, Ahmadi F. 2015. Scorpion fauna of Zanjan Province, Iran (Arachnida:","Nazari M, Bahrami D, Davari B, Salehzadeh A. 2015. Epidemiological survey of scorpion sting cases and identification of scorpion fauna in Hamadan City, Iran (2013). Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences 22: 255 - 262.","Ahmadimarzale M, Sabuhi H, Bidgoli MS, Dehghani R, Hoseindoost G, Mesgari L. 2017. Study of scorpion species abundance in cities Aran and Bidgol and Kashan, Isfahan, Iran. Journal of Entomological Research 41: 337 - 342.","Dehghani R, Kassiri H. 2017. Geographical distribution of scorpion Odontobuthus doriae in Esfahan province, central Iran. Journal of Arthropod-borne Diseases 11: 433 - 440.","Navidpour S, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME, Fet V. 2019. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part X. Alborz, Markazi and Tehran provinces with a description of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. (Buthidae). Euscorpius 276: 1 - 20.","Barahoei H, Navidpour Sh, Aliabadian M, Siahsarvie R, Mirshamsi O. 2020. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones): annotated checklist, DELTA database and identification key. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 6: 375 - 474.","Perez Minnocci S. 1974. Un inventario preliminar de los escorpiones de la region Paleartica y claves para la identificacion de los generos de la region Paleartica Occidental. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Zoologia, Catedra de Artropodos 7: 1 - 45.","Dehghani R, Moabed S, Kamyabi F, Haghdoos AA, Mashayekhi M, Soltani H. 2008. [Scorpions Fauna of Kerman Province-IRAN]. Journal of Medical Sciences University of Kerman 15: 172 - 181 [in Farsi].","Navidpour S, Ezatkhah M, Kovarik F, Soleglad ME, Fet V. 2011. Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VII. Kerman Province. Euscorpius 131: 1 - 32.","Shahi M, Aziz A, Ansarian N. 2008. Scorpion fauna in areas with high scorpionism in Hormozgan Province 2006 - 2007. Medical Journal of Hormozgan University 12: 207 - 214.","Fekri S, Badzohre A, Safari R, Azizi K. 2012. Species identification and geographic distribution of scorpions in Jask town county, Hormozgan province. Bimonthly Journal of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences 16: 135 - 142."]}

Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah, Mirshamsi, Omid (2022): Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195: 355-398, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030

ODONTOBUTHUS CHABAHARENSIS SP. NOV. (FIGS 1–5, 9–11, TABLES 1 –5) Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act: 9D7EDE35-D7A4-4212-98C1- 62875DE1B881 Type material: Holotype ♀ (SMF), one ♂, two ♀♀ paratypes (ZMFUM), IRAN: Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Chabahar, Parak-e Sheykhan village, 25°30′N 60°35′E, 19 m, 13.vi.2019, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, silty clay. Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective derived from Chabahar, the type locality. Diagnosis: Odontobuthus chabaharensis may be separated from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters. Scorpions of small to medium size, adults 36 mm (♂) and 53–63 mm (♀) (Fig. 9A–D). Colour golden yellow. Median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, distance from anterior carapace margin, 0.33–0.36. Pedipalp chela movable finger long relative to manus (MFL/ ML, 2.00–2.30). Median denticle rows of pedipalp chela fixed and movable fingers each comprising 12 oblique subrows of denticles. Pectinal tooth count, 31 (♂) and 18–20 (♀). Ventrosubmedian carinae of metasomal segments II and III each with two or three pairs of large spiniform processes (Fig. 10C, D, G, H). Metasomal segment IV length to width (L/W), 1.82– 1.93. Ventrolateral carinae of metasomal segment V with two or three prominent lobate processes; anal arch with three prominent spiniform lobes laterally; posteroventral margin of segment V with two prominent lobes. Telson small, wide, length to width (TL/W), 2.26–2.50 and length to height (TL/H), 2.26– 2.57 (Fig. 10A, B, E, F). 0.1160.1590.1450.1390.1380.1240.1340.1370.130.139 – Affinities: Odontobuthus chabaharensis is closely related to O. odonturus, with which it shares the presence of three prominent lateral lobes on the anal arch of metasomal segment V. It differs from all other species of the genus, except O. brevidigitus, in the presence of two large conical lobes on the posteroventral margin of metasomal segment V, and from O.brevidigitus in possessing longer pedipalp chela fingers, e.g. the movable finger length to manus length (MFL/ML) is 2.00– 2.30 in O. chabaharensis compared with 1.40–1.75 in O. brevidigitus, and a lower pectinal tooth count in the female, 18–20 in O. chabaharensis compared with 20–25 in O. brevidigitus. Description: Based on holotype ♀ (SMF) (Figs 9A, B, 10A–D, 11A, C, E) and paratype ♂ (ZMFUM 1324) (Figs 9C, D, 10E–H, 11B, D, F). As for O. baluchicus except where noted. Measurements: ♀: BL: 62.1; CL: 7.6; CWP: 8.8; CWA: 5.2; CX: 2.5; CY: 7.2; CHL: 13.5; ML: 4.5; MFL: 9.0; MtIL: 4.6; MtIH: 3.7; MtIW: 4.2; MtIIL: 5.2; MtIIH: 3.5; MtIIW: 3.9; MtIIIL: 5.6; MtIIIH: 3.3; MtIIIW: 3.6; MtIVL: 6.6; MtIVH: 3.2; MtIVW: 3.5; MtVL: 8; MtVH: 2.8; MtVW: 3.3; TL: 8.5; TW: 3.4; TH: 3.3. ♂: BL: 35.8; CL: 4.5; CWP: 5.0; CWA: 3.4; CX: 1.6; CY: 4.4; CHL: 8.6; ML: 2.6; MFL: 6.0; MtIL: 2.7; MtIH: 2.2; MtIW: 2.5; MtIIL: 3.0; MtIIH: 2.0; MtIIW: 2.3; MtIIIL: 3.2; MtIIIH: 1.9; MtIIIW: 2.1; MtIVL: 4.0; MtIVH: 1.8; MtIVW: 2.1; MtVL: 4.9; MtVH: 1.5; MtVW: 1.8; TL: 4.5; TW: 1.9; TH: 1.9. Colour: Carapace and mesosoma light brown, slightly paler ventrally; dark pigmentation around median and lateral ocelli. Legs lighter. Pectines light yellow to cream. Metasoma yellowish-brown. Telson vesicle yellow to yellowishbrown; aculeus light brown anteriorly, becoming dark brown to black posteriorly. Carapace: Trapezoid, wider than long, CWA/CL, 0.68 (♀) or 0.75 (♂), CWP/CL, 1.15 (♀) or 1.11 (♂); anterior margin moderately emarginate; median ocular tubercle situated in anterior half of carapace, CX/CL, 0.32 (♀) or 0.35 (♂), CX/ CY, 0.34 (♀) or 0.36 (♂), distance between median ocelli twice ocular diameter; five pairs of lateral ocelli (Fig. 9A, C); anteromedian and posteromedian sulci shallow; posterolateral sulci wide, curved; carinae distinct, central lateral and posteromedian carinae completely aligned; anteromedian carinae granular; central median, posteromedian and central lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); intercarinal surfaces of prosoma finely granular. Pedipalps: Pedipalp segments relatively short. Femur 3.1 (♀) or 3.4 (♂) times longer than wide; four complete, granular carinae; retrodorsal, prodorsal and proventral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂); prolateral carinae comprising isolated spiniform granules; intercarinal surfaces smooth (Fig. 11A, B). Patella 2.53 (♀) or 3.06 (♂) times longer than wide; eight complete carinae; prodorsal carinae distinct (♀) or moderate (♂), granular; dorsomedian, retrodorsal, retrolateral, retroventral and ventromedian carinae obsolete to moderate, smooth (Fig. 11C, D); proventral and prolateral carinae comprising several spiniform granules (♂) (Fig. 11C, D). Chela 3.0 (♀) or 3.3 (♂) times longer than manus; manus as wide as (♂) or wider than (♀) patella; fingers 2 (♀) or 3.3 (♂) times longer than manus; median denticle subrows, including proximal subrow (left/ right) of fixed finger, 11/11 and movable finger, 12/12; all subrows except proximal flanked by prolateral and retrolateral accessory denticles; movable finger with five (♂) or six (♀) subdistal denticles, one (♀) or two (♂) prolateral and four retrolateral. Trichobothrium et adjacent to midpoint of denticle subrow 7; est adjacent to midpoint (♂) (Fig. 11F) or proximal end (♀) (Fig. 11E) of denticle subrow 9. Sternum: Type I, triangular; longer than wide; with deep median depression. Genital operculum: Completely divided longitudinally with fine, short bristles (Fig. 9B, D). Pectines: Distal margin extending to (♀) or beyond (♂) coxa-trochanter joint of leg IV; three marginal and seven median lamellae; fulcra present; teeth present along entire posterior margin of pecten, count (left/ right), 31/31 (♂) and 19/19 (♀). Mesosoma: Tergites I – VI tricarinate; VII pentacarinate, lateral carinae granular (♀) or serratocrenulate (♂), median carinae incomplete, restricted to anterior half of segment and weakly granular; intercarinal surfaces finely granular (♀) or smooth (♂). Sternites III– VI acarinate; VII with four moderate (♀) or obsolete (♂), granular carinae, lateral carinae complete (♂) or restricted to anterior half of segment (♀). Metasoma: Metasomal segment I decacarinate; II–IV octocarinate; V pentacarinate; all complete carinae moderately to markedly granular on segments I–III and weakly to moderately granular on IV (♀) or weakly to moderately granular on I–IV (♂). Lateral inframedian carinae almost complete (♀) or incomplete, restricted to posterior two-thirds (♂), on segment II, incomplete, restricted to posterior half (♀) or vestigial, reduced to few granules posteriorly (♂) on III. Ventrosubmedian carinae on segments II and III each with three pairs of prominent conical, tooth-like processes. Anteroventral margins of segments III and IV each with six large, conical granules. Ventrolateral carinae on segment V dentate with (♂) or without (♀) large, subtriangular lobate processes posteriorly; anal arch with three large, conical lobes laterally and two large, conical lobes posteroventrally (Fig. 10A–H). Telson: Oblong-ovoid, TH/TL, 0.38 (♀) or 0.42 (♂), TW / TL, 0.40 (♀) or 0.42 (♂); wider than metasomal segment V, TW /MtVW, 1.03 (♀) or 1.05 (♂) (Fig. 10A, B, E, F); dorsal surface flat, ventral surface curved, smooth (♀) or sparsely granular (♂). Distribution: Odontobuthus chabaharensis is endemic to Iran and recorded only from Sistan and Baluchistan Province. Additional material: IRAN: Sistan and Baluchistan Province: Parak-e Hootan road, 20 km NW of Chabahar, 25°28′N 60°33′E, 1 m, 3.iv.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, silty clay, one ♀, one juv. (ZMFUM); Chabahar, N of Parak-e Sheykhan village, 25°30′N 60°35′E, 19 m, 16.xi.2018, H. Barahoei, daytime excavation, silty clay, one ♀ (ZMFUM); Mekran, vii.1913, Kei, one ♂ (ZMH)., Published as part of Barahoei, Hossein, Prendini, Lorenzo, Navidpour, Shahrokh, Tahir, H. Muhammad, Aliabadian, Mansour, Siahsarvie, Roohollah & Mirshamsi, Omid, 2022, Integrative systematics of the tooth-tailed scorpions, Odontobuthus (Buthidae), with descriptions of three new species from the Iranian Plateau, pp. 355-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 372-377, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab030, http://zenodo.org/record/6599965, {"references":["Azghadi S, Mirshamsi O, Navidpour S, Aliabadian M. 2014. Scorpions of the genus Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Iran: phylogenetic relationships inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Zoology in the Middle East 60: 169 - 179."]}

An updated checklist of the scorpiofauna of Iran is presented. The checklist is based on records of scorpion species which their presence have been confirmed in Iran through field expeditions, examination of scorpion collections, literature review, and personal communications with researchers. According to the presented checklist the scorpion fauna of Iran consists of 68 valid species (41 endemic to Iran) belonging to 19 genera and four families and 6 doubtful reports (belong family Buthidae). Hemiscorpius gaillardi (Vachon, 1974) and Compsobuthus jakesi Kovařík, 2003 reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. Odontobuthus tavighiae Navidpour et al., 2013 collected for the first time from Fars province. Kraepelinia palpator (Birula, 1903) and O. tirgari Mirshamsi et al., 2013 were new records for South Khorasan province fauna. The list is dominated by members of the family Buthidae (58 species) with 85.3% of total species. The level of regional endemism exceeds 60.3%. A dichotomic identification key to the Iranian species on the basis of a DELTA database has been provided.

Pauesia hazratbalensis Bhagat, 1981 Figs 46, 141, 243, 340, 441, 578 Host records Cinara (Cupressobium) tujafilina (del Guercio) (Star�� et al. 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2012b, 2017); Cinara pinihabitans (Mordvilko) (Heidari Latibari et al. 2019). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Star�� et al. 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2012b; 2017). General distribution Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 40, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Rakhshani E. & Talebi A. A. 2005. Parasitoids of aphid pests on conifers and their state as biocontrol agents in the Middle East to Central Asia on the world background (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae; Hom., Aphididae). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 15 (2): 147 - 151.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Heidari Latibari M., Moravej G., Ghafouri Moghaddam M., Barahoei H. & Hanley G. A. 2019. The novel host associations for the aphid parasitoid, Pauesia hazratbalensis (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Oriental Insects 10: 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2019.1586780"]}

Trioxys complanatus Quilis, 1931 Figs 65, 167, 267, 366, 467, 604 Host records Therioaphis khayami Remaudi��re (Star�� et al. 2000); Therioaphis riehmi (B��rner) (van den Bosch 1957; Star�� 1979; Star�� et al. 2000); Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (van den Bosch 1957; Farahbakhsh 1961; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Al-Azawi 1970; Star�� 1976, 1979; Monajemi & Esmaili 1981; Star�� & Erdelen 1982; D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Tremblay et al. 1985; Star�� et al. 2000; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2008c, 2012b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Laamari et al. 2012; Star�� et al. 2013); Therioaphis spp. (Star�� 1976, 1979; Mescheloff & Rosen 1993). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria (Laamari et al. 2012); Iran (van den Bosch 1957; Farahbakhsh 1961; Star�� 1979; Monajemi & Esmaili 1981; Star�� et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2012b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Iraq (van den Bosch 1957; Al-Azawi 1970; Star�� 1976); Israel (van den Bosch 1957; Star�� 1976; Mescheloff & Rosen 1993); Lebanon (Tremblay et al. 1985); Morocco (Star�� 1976); Turkey (van den Bosch 1957; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Star�� 1976; Central part ��� D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004); UAE (Star�� et al. 2013); Yemen (Star�� & Erdelen 1982; Star�� et al. 2013). General distribution Cosmopolitan., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 50, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","van den Bosch R. 1957. The spotted alfalfa and its parasites in Mediterranean region, Middle East, and East Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology 50: 352 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 50.3.352","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Farahbakhsh G. 1961. A checklist of economically important insects and other enemies of plants and agricultural products of Iran. Ministry of Agriculture Department of Plant Protection Tehran.","Avidov Z. & Harpaz L. 1969. Plant Pests of Israel. Israel Universities Press, Jerusalem.","Al-Azawi A. F. 1970. Some aphid parasitoids from central and south Iraq with notes on their occurrence. Bulletin of Iraq Natural History Museum 4: 27 - 31.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Monajemi N. & Esmaili M. 1981. Population dynamics of alfalfa aphids and their natural controling factors, in Karadj. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 6 (1 - 2): 41 - 63.","Stary P. & Erdelen C. 1982. Aphid parasitoids [Hym.: Aphidiidae: Aphelinidae] from the Yemen Arab Republic. BioControl 27 (1): 105 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02371943","Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Tremblay E., Kawar N. & Barbagallo S. 1985. Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) and aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Lebanon. Bollettino del Laboratorio di entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri Portici 42: 19 - 32.","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Asadi G. 2008 c. Preliminary taxonomic study of genus Trioxys Haliday (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and its host associations in Iran. In: Manzari Sh. (ed) Proceedings of the 18 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress Vol. 1: 97. Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Laamari M., Chaouche S. T., Halimi C. W., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2012. A review of aphid parasitoids and their associations in Algeria (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae; Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). African Entomology 20 (1): 161 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.4001 / 003.020.0120","Stary P., Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Kavallieratos N. G. & Havelka. J. 2013. Order Hymenoptera, family Braconidae - Aphidiinae Aphid parasitoids of the Arabian Peninnsula In: van Harten A. (ed.), Arthropod Fauna of UAE Vol 5: 407 - 425. Al Amal Printing Press. Abu Dhabi.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1993. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 5. The genera Trioxys and Binodoxys. Israel Journal of Entomology 27: 31 - 47."]}

Ephedrus lacertosus (Haliday, 1833) Figs 121, 224, 320, 421, 558 Host records Lacking host data (Tomanović et al. 2008). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Eastern part – Tomanović et al. 2008). General distribution Holarctic, Neotropical, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Tomanovic Z., Beyerslan A., Erdogan O. C. & Zikic Z. 2008. New records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Turkey. Periodicum Biologorum 110 (4): 335 - 338."]}

Aphidius eadyi Starý, González & Hall, 1980 Figs 9, 85, 188, 285, 386, 482, 522 Host records Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (González et al. 1978; Starý 1979; Starý et al. 1980, Starý & Sekkat 1987; Starý et al. 2000; Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2008a; Laamari et al. 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Chaouche & Laamari 2015). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria (Laamari et al. 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 1980, 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2008a; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Morocco (Starý & Sekkat 1987; Starý et al. 1980); Turkey (Central and Eastern parts – Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Western part – Erdoğan et al. 2008; Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Eastern and Western Palaearctic, Nearctic (imported), Oceanic., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Gonzalez D. & Hall J. C. 1980. Aphidius eadyi n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a widely distributed parasitoid of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) in the Palearctic. Entomologia Scandinavica 11: 473 - 480. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631280794710079","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P. & Sekkat A. 1987. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae) of aphid pests in Morocco. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 23 (3): 145 - 149.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Olmez S. & Ulusoy M. R. 2003. A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakir Turkey. Phytoparasitica 31 (5): 524 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979745","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Laamari M., Chaouche S. T., Halimi C. W., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2012. A review of aphid parasitoids and their associations in Algeria (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae; Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). African Entomology 20 (1): 161 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.4001 / 003.020.0120","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Chaouche S. T. & Laamari M. 2015. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their associations in Biskra province Algeria. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 3 (2): 179 - 184.","Erdogan O. C., Tomanovic Z. & Beyarslan A. 2008. New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the region of Marmara Turkey. Acta Entomologica Serbica 13 (1 - 2): 85 - 88.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Trioxys pappi Takada, 1979 Figs 71, 173, 473, 610 Host records Lacking host data (Davidian 2005). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Davidian 2005) - as Trioxys persicus Davidian. General distribution Eastern Palaearctic (Iran, Mongolia)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 52, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Davidian E. M. 2005. A review of species of the subgenus Trioxys s. str., genus Trioxys Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of Russia and adjacent countries. Entomological Review 84 (3): 579 - 609."]}

Praon barbatum Mackauer, 1967 Figs 49, 149, 249, 348, 449, 586 Material examined SAUDI ARABIA • 4 ♀♀; Abha; Jun. 2012; Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) on Trifolium alexandrinum; Z. Ahmad leg. (DPPZ). Host records Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (González et al. 1978; Starý & González 1978; Starý 1979; Tremblay et al. 1985; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Nearctaphis bakeri (Cowen) (Barahoei et al. 2013). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Lebanon (Tremblay et al. 1985); Morocco (Starý 1976); Saudi Arabia (new record). General distribution Eastern and Western Palaearctic, Nearctic (imported)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Mackauer M. & Finlayson T. 1967. The hymenopterous parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae et Aphelinidae) of the pea aphid in eastern North America. Canadian Entomologist 99 (10): 1051 - 1082. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 991051 - 10","Stary P. & Gonzalez D. 1978. Parasitoid spectrum of Acyrthosiphon aphids in Central Asia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Scandinavian Entomology 9: 140 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631278 X 00089","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Tremblay E., Kawar N. & Barbagallo S. 1985. Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) and aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Lebanon. Bollettino del Laboratorio di entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri Portici 42: 19 - 32.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Tomanovic Z., Stary P. & Rezwani A. 2007 a. Preliminary taxonomic study of genus Praon Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and its host associations in Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 26 (2): 19 - 34.","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague."]}

Praon volucre (Haliday, 1833) Figs 60, 162, 262, 361, 462, 599 Material examined SAUDI ARABIA • 9 ♀♀; Abha;, Jun. 2012; Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) on Trifolium alexandrinum • 3 ♀♀; Abha-Mahala College campus; 28 Nov. 2012; Uroleocon sp. on Sonchus oleraceus • 1 ♀; Abha- Mahala College campus; Dec. 2012; Aphis solanella Thoebald on Solanum nigrum • 1 ♀; Abha-Mahala College campus; Nov. 2012; on Setaria glauca • 3 ♀♀, 4♂♂ Abha; May 2013; on Lactuca sativa • 3♀♀ 4♂♂; Abha; May 2013; on Lactuca sativa • 1 ♀; Qunfudah; Apr. 2011; net sweeping • 1 ♀; Raidah; Apr. 2011; Z. Ahmad leg (DPPZ). Host records Acyrthosiphon lactucae (Passerini) (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a); Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2007a; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Amphorophora catharinae (Nevsky) (Rakhshani et al. 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Aphis affinis del Guercio (Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Aphis aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011; Yoldaş et al. 2011); Aphis craccivora Koch (Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2005a, 2006a, 2007a; Barahoei et al. 2010; Yoldaş et al. 2011; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013; Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Aphis dlabolai Holman (Barahoei et al. 2013); Aphis epilobiaria Theobald (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Aphis fabae Scopoli (Starý 1979; Abou-Fakhr 1982; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Ben Halima et al. 1994 – as Aphis citricola van der Goot; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Starý et al. 2000; Tomanović et al. 2003; Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 2005 – as Aphis citricola van der Goot; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Kavallieratos et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis gossypii Glover (Abou-Fakhr 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Yoldaş et al. 2011; Barahoei et al. 2013; Satar et al. 2014); Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988 – as Aphis zizyphi Theobald); Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998); Aphis pomi de Geer (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani 2012); Aphis punicae Passerini (Hussein & Kawar 1984); Aphis salviae Walker (Laamari et al. 2011, 2012); Aphis solanella Theobald (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Aphis spiraecola Patch (Yoldaş et al. 2011; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011); Aphis umbrella (Börner) (Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998); Aphis urticata Gmelin (Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Brachycaudus amygdalinus (Schouteden) (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Talebi et al. 2009; Rakhshani 2012); Brachycaudus cardui (L.) (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Aslan & Karaca 2005; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Rakhshani 2012); Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach) (Tremblay et al. 1985; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Talebi et al. 2009; Jafari et al. 2011; Jafari & Modarres Awal 2012; Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Brachycaudus persicae (Passerini) (Rakhshani 2012); Brachycaudus tragopogonis (Kaltenbach) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Brachycaudus sp. (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Kilinçer 1982; Uysal et al. 2004); Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Pike et al. 1991; Starý et al. 2000; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Dysaphis pyri (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Rakhshani 2012); Hyalopterus amygdali (Blanchard) (Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Nazari et al. 2012; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013; Rakhshani 2012); Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tomanović et al. 2003; Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 2005; Aslan & Karaca 2005; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Rakhshani 2012; Jafari et al. 2011; Jafari & Modarres Awal 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) (Abou-Fakhr 1982; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Tomanović et al. 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Talebi et al. 2009; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Hyperomyzus picridis (Börner) (Laamari et al. 2011, 2012); Liosomaphis berberidis (Kaltenbach) (Laamari et al. 2011); Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Yoldaş et al. 1990; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993; Uysal et al. 2004); Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976; Abou-Fakhr 1982; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Starý & Sekkat 1987; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013; Laamari et al. 2011; Nazari et al. 2012; Kavallieratos et al. 2013); Macrosiphum sp. (Starý et al. 2000); Macrosiphoniella riedeli Szelegiewicz (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Macrosiphoniella sp. (Rakhshani et al. 2011); Melanaphis donacis (Passerini) (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976); Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Rakhshani et al. 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Myzaphis rosarum (Kaltenbach) (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004); Myzus beybienkoi (Narzykulov) (Starý et al. 2000); Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Rosen 1967, 1969; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Starý 1976, 1979; Abou-Fakhr 1982; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Starý & Sekkat 1987; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993; Ben Halima et al. 1994; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Starý et al. 2000; Uysal et al. 2004; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 2005; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Rakhshani 2012; Jafari et al. 2011; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011; Yoldaş et al. 2011; Laamari et al. 2012; Jafari & Modarres Awal 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Rakhshani et al. 2007a); Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Hafez 1994; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2008b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Starý 1976; Hafez 1994; Özder & Toros 1999; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013; Gadallah et al. 2017); Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Hafez 1994; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2008b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Özder & Toros 1999; Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013; Gadallah et al. 2017); Sitobion fragariae (Walker) (Starý 1976; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012); Uroleucon aeneum (Hille Ris Lambers) (Tomanović et al. 2003; Kavallieratos et al. 2004); Uroleucon cichorii (Koch) (Tremblay et al. 1985; Rakhshani et al. 2007a); Uroleucon compositae (Theobald) (Rakhshani et al. 2007a; Barahoei et al. 2013); Uroleucon inulicola (Hille Ris Lambers) (Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998); Uroleucon jaceae (L.) (Rakhshani et al. 2007a); Uroleucon sonchi (L.) (Abou-Fakhr 1982; Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Kavallieratos et al. 2004; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2007a, 2012b; Talebi et al. 2009; Nazari et al. 2012; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Uroleucon sp. (Chaouche & Laamari 2015) Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria (Starý 1976; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Egypt (Hafez 1994; El- Ghiet et al. 2014; Gadallah et al. 2017); Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2005a, 2006a, 2007a, 2012b; Jafari et al. 2011; Jafari & Modarres Awal 2012; Rakhshani 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013; Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Iraq (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976); Israel (Fleschner 1963; Rosen 1967, 1969; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Starý 1976; Mescheloff & Rosen 1988); Lebanon (Abou-Fakhr 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou- Fakhr & Kawar 1998); Morocco (Starý & Sekkat 1987); Tunisia (Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993, 2005; Ben Halima et al. 1994; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011); Turkey (Tomanović et al. 2003; Eastern part – Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Central part – Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Kilinçer 1982; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Satar et al. 2014; Western part – Yoldaş et al. 1990; Özder & Toros 1999; Kavallieratos et al. 2004, 2013; Aslan & Karaca 2005; Erdoğan et al. 2008; Yoldaş et al. 2011; Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Eastern and Western Palaearctic, Neotropical, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Tomanovic Z., Stary P. & Rezwani A. 2007 a. Preliminary taxonomic study of genus Praon Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and its host associations in Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 26 (2): 19 - 34.","Zeren O. & Duzgunes Z. 1983. A Study on identifcation, host plants, effect on host plant and natural enemies of aphids, causing damage on vegetables in Cukurova region. No. 59. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Research Serie Ankara. [In Turkish.]","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Laamari M., Tahar C. S., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Merouani H., Ghodbane S., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2011. Interactions tritrophiques: plante-puceron-hymenoptere parasitoide observees en milieux naturels et cultives de l'Est Algerien. Entomologie Faunistique 63 (3): 115 - 120.","Laamari M., Chaouche S. T., Halimi C. W., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2012. A review of aphid parasitoids and their associations in Algeria (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae; Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). African Entomology 20 (1): 161 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.4001 / 003.020.0120","Chaouche S. T. & Laamari M. 2015. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their associations in Biskra province Algeria. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 3 (2): 179 - 184.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M., Mehrparvar M. & Stary P. 2010. A study of Praon Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in south-east Iran with two new records. Acta Entomologica Serbica 15: 107 - 120.","Hussein M. K. & Kawar N. S. 1984. A study of aphids and their natural enemies in Southern Lebanon. Arab Journal of Plant Protection 2: 17 - 82. [In Arabic].","Tremblay E., Kawar N. & Barbagallo S. 1985. Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) and aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Lebanon. Bollettino del Laboratorio di entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri Portici 42: 19 - 32.","Boukhris-Bouhachem S. 2011. Aphid enemies reported from Tunisian citrus orchards. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 6: 21 - 27.","Yoldas Z., Guncan A. & Koclu T. 2011. Seasonal occurrence of aphids and their natural enemies in Satsuma mandarin orchards in Izmir Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology 35 (1): 59 - 74.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1988. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 2. The genera Ephedrus and Praon. Israel Journal of Entomology 22: 75 - 100.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Rezwani A., Manzari S. & Tomanovic Z. 2005 a. Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. Journal of Pest Science 78: 193 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10340 - 004 - 0080 - 3","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M. & Mehrparvar M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their tritrophic relationships in Kerman province Southeastern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 8 (1): 1 - 14.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Abou-Fakhr I. 1982. Aphid Endoparasitoid Complex on Certain Vegetables Ornamentals and Weeds in Lebanon. Ph. D. thesis, American University of Beirut.","Ben Halima K. M., Rabasse J. M. & Ben Hamouda M. H. 1994. Les pucerons des agrumes et leurs ennemis en Tunisie. Tropicultura 12 (4): 145 - 147. Available from http: // www. tropicultura. org / content / v 12 n 4. html [accessed 3 Jul. 2019].","Abou-Fakhr E. M. & Kawar N. S. 1998. Complex of endoparasitoids of aphids (Hom.: Aphididae) on vegetables and other plants. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 77: 753 - 763. [In Russian]","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G., Athanassiou C. G. & Stanisavljevic L. Z. 2003. A review of the West Palaearctic aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasitic on Uroleucon spp., with the description of a new species. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 39 (4): 343 - 353.","Kavallieratos N. G., Tomanovic Z., Stary P., Athanassiou C. G., Sarlis G. P., Petrovic O., Niketic M. & Veroniki M. A. 2004. A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Southeastern Europe and their aphid-plant associations. Applied Entomology and Zoology 39 (3): 527 - 563. https: // doi. org / 10.1303 / aez. 2004.527","Ben Halima K. M. & Ben Hamouda M. H. 2005. A propos des pucerons des arbres fruitiers de Tunisie. Notes fauniques de Gembloux 58: 11 - 16.","Guz N. & Kilincer N. 2005. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) on weeds from Ankara Turkey. Phytoparasitica 33 (4): 359 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02981302","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Kavallieratos N. G., Tomanovic Z., Petrovic A., Jankovic M., Stary P., Yovkova M. & Athanassiou C. G. 2013. Review and key for the identification of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids infesting herbaceou s and shrubby ornamental plants in Southeastern Europe. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 106 (3): 294 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12090","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Satar S., Satar G., Karacaoglu M., Uygun N., Kavallieratos N. G., Stary P. & Athanassiou C. G. 2014. Parasitoids and hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera) on aphids (Hemiptera) infesting citrus in east Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Insect Science 14 (178): 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jisesa / ieu 040","Rakhshani E. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with pome and stone fruit trees in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (2): 81 - 95.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Aslan B. & Karaca I. 2005. Fruit tree Aphids and their natural enemies in Isparta region Turkey. Journal of Pest Science 78: 227 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10340 - 005 - 0097 - 2","Jafari N., Karimi J., Modarres Awal M. & Rakhshani E. 2011. Morphological and molecular methods in identification of Aphidius transcaspicus Telenga (Hym: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasitoid of Hyalopterus spp. (Hom.: Aphididae) with additional data on Aphidiinae phylogeny. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 13 (2): 91 - 103.","Jafari N. & Modarres Awal M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids associations on stone fruit trees in Khorasan-e- Razavi province (Iran) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 7 (1): 418 - 423.","Kilincer N. 1982. Der Parasitenkomplex der Mehligen Kohlblattlaus in Ankara umfasst zwei Parasiten- und vier Hyperparasitenarten. Plant Protection Bulletin 22, 1 - 12. [In Turkish.]","Pike K. S., Allison D., Tanigoshi L. K., Harwood R. F., Clement S. L., Halbert S. E., Smith C. M., Johnson J. B., Reed G. L. & Zwer P. K. 1991. Russian Wheat Aphid Biology Damage and Management. Washington Oregon Idaho Pacific Northwest Ext. Publ. PNW 371, Pullman Washington.","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Stary P., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Zamani A. A. & Stankovic. S. 2008 b. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. European Journal of Entomology 105: 863 - 870. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2008.114","Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Olmez S. & Ulusoy M. R. 2003. A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakir Turkey. Phytoparasitica 31 (5): 524 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979745","Yoldas Z., Oncuer C. & Karsavuran Y. 1990. Les ennemies naturel determines dans les cultures de tomates industrielles. In: Proceedings of the 2 nd Turkish National Congress of Biological Control: 189 - 196. Ege Universitesi, Izmir.","Ben Halima K. M. & Ben Hamouda M. H. 1993. Les pucerons des cultures protegees et leurs ennemis en Tunisie. Tropicultura 11 (2): 50 - 53.","Stary P. & Sekkat A. 1987. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae) of aphid pests in Morocco. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 23 (3): 145 - 149.","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G., Ilic S. M., Stankovic S. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2011. Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Macrosiphoniella aphids (Hemiptra: Aphididae) in the western Palaearctic region. Journal of Natural History 45: 2560 - 2576. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2011.597004","Rosen D. 1967. The hymenopterous parasites and hyperparasites of aphids on citrus in Israel. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 60: 394 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 60.2.394","Rosen D. 1969. The parasites of coccids, aphids and aleyrodids on citrus in Israel: some zoogeographical considerations. Israel Journal of Entomology 4: 45 - 53.","Avidov Z. & Harpaz L. 1969. Plant Pests of Israel. Israel Universities Press, Jerusalem.","Hafez A. A. 1994. Increasing the role of biocontrol agents against cereal aphids infesting wheat in Qalubia-Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 4 (2): 57 - 71.","Ozder N. & Toros S. 1999. Investigations on the natural enemies of aphid species damaging to wheat plants in Tekirdag Province. In: Proceedings of the 4 th Turkish National Congress of Biological Control: 501 - 512. Cukurova Universitesi, Adana.","Gadallah N. S., El-Heneidy A. H., Mahmoud S. M. & Kavallieratos N. G. 2017. Identification key, diversity and host associations of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids attacking cereal crops in Egypt. Zootaxa 4312 (1): 143 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4312.1.6","Fleschner C. A. 1963. Releases of recently imported insect parasites and predators in California, 1960 - 61. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 39: 114 - 116.","Erdogan O. C., Tomanovic Z. & Beyarslan A. 2008. New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the region of Marmara Turkey. Acta Entomologica Serbica 13 (1 - 2): 85 - 88.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Aphidius cingulatus Ruthe, 1859 Figs 8, 83, 186, 282, 384, 480, 520 Host records Pterocomma pilosum Buckton (Star�� 1979; Star�� et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2008a, 2012b; Talebi et al. 2009); Pterocomma populeum (Kaltenbach) (Star�� 1979; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2008a, 2012b); Pterocomma sp. (Star�� et al. 2000); Lacking host data (D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Star�� 1979; Star�� et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2008a); Turkey (Central part ��� D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004). General distribution Holarctic, Neotropical, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Manzari S. 2007 b. Aphid-parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associations on willows and poplars in the biocorridors of Iran. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53: 281 - 297.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370."]}

Praon flavinode (Haliday, 1833) Figs 52, 152, 252, 351, 452, 589 Host records Tinocallis nevskyi Remaudière, Quednau & Heie (Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013) Tuberculatus (Tuberculoides) albosiphonatus Hille Ris Lambers (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976); Tuberculatus (Tuberculoides) moerickei Hille Ris Lambers (Starý 1976); Tuberculatus sp. (Starý 1969b, 1976; Starý & Kaddou 1971). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Barahoei et al. 2010, 2012, 2013); Iraq (Starý 1969b, 1976; Starý & Kaddou 1971); Turkey (Western part – Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Eastern and Western Palaearctic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M., Mehrparvar M. & Stary P. 2010. A study of Praon Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in south-east Iran with two new records. Acta Entomologica Serbica 15: 107 - 120.","Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P. 1969 b. Aphids and their parasites associated with Oaks in Iraq. Proceeding of the Entomological Society of Washington 71 (3): 279 - 298.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Pauesia cedrobii Star�� & Leclant, 1977 Figs 140, 339, 440, 577 Host records Cinara (Cedrobium) laportei Remaudi��re (Star�� & Leclant 1977). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Morocco (Star�� & Leclant 1977; Fabre & Rabasse 1987). General distribution Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. & Leclant F. 1977. Pauesia (Pauesia) cedrobii, n. sp., premier parasite connu du puceron de cedre Cedrobium laportei Remaudiere (Hym.: Aphidiidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 13 (1): 159 - 163.","Fabre J. P. & Rabasse J. M. 1987. Introduction dans le Sud-Est de la France d'un parasite: Pauesia cedrobii [Hym.: Aphidiidae] du puceron: Cedrobium laportei [Hom.: Lachnidae] du cedre de l'atlas: Cedrus atlantica. Entomophaga 32: 127 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02373123"]}

Adialytus ambiguus Haliday, 1834 Figs 2, 74, 177, 273, 375, 500, 511 Host records Sipha elegans Del Guercio (Elmali 1997; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2008b, 2012a; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Sipha flava (Forbes) (Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012a); Sipha maydis Passerini (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990a; Starý et al. 2000; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012a, 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Sipha sp. (Starý 1979). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Egypt (El-Ghiet et al. 2014 – as Adialytus cf. ambiguus (Haliday, 1834)); Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012a, 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Israel (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990a); Turkey (Starý 1976; Central part – Elmali 1997; Western part – Uysal et al. 2004). General distribution Holarctic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 4, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Elmali M. 1997. Sipha (Rungsia) elegans in Konya Province of Turkey. Annales ANPP 3 (3): 903 - 910.","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Stary P., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Zamani A. A. & Stankovic. S. 2008 b. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. European Journal of Entomology 105: 863 - 870. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2008.114","Rakhshani E., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 a. Species of Adialytus Forster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran: taxonomic notes and tritrophic associations. ZooKeys 221: 81 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 221.3541","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1990 a. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 3. The genera Adialytus and Lysiphlebus. Israel Journal of Entomology 24: 35 - 50.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","El-Ghiet U. M. A., Edmardash Y. A. E. & Gadallah N. S. 2014. Braconidae diversity (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) in alfalfa fields Medicago sativa L. of some Western Desert Oases. Egyptian Journal of Crop Protection 3 (4): 543 - 556.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague."]}

Aphidius rosae Haliday, 1833 Figs 17, 99, 202, 298, 399, 491, 536 Host records Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Star�� & Kaddou 1971; Star�� 1976; Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993; Uysal et al. 2004; Mehrparvar et al. 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Sitobion fragariae (Walker) (D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004); Uroleucon sp. (?) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Mehrparvar et al. 2005; Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Iraq (Star�� & Kaddou 1971; Star�� 1976); Israel (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Tunisia (Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993); Turkey (Central part ��� D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Western part ��� Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Holarctic, Neotropical, Oceanic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Ben Halima K. M. & Ben Hamouda M. H. 1993. Les pucerons des cultures protegees et leurs ennemis en Tunisie. Tropicultura 11 (2): 50 - 53.","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Mehrparvar M., Hatami B. & Stary P. 2005. Report of Aphidius rosae (Hym.: Braconidae), a parasitoid of rose aphid M acrosiphum rosae (Hom.: Aphididae) from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (1): 63 - 64.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Mossadegh M. S., Stary P. & Salehipour H. 2011. Aphid parasitoids in a dry lowland area of Khuzestan Iran (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Asian Journal of Biological Science 4: 175 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.3923 / ajbs. 2011.175.181","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1990 b. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 4. The genera Pauesia Diaeretus Aphidius and Diaeretiella. Israel Journal of Entomology 24: 51 - 91.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Praon uroleucon Tomanović & Kavallieratos, 2003 Figs 161, 261, 360, 461, 598 Host records Lacking host data (Akar & Erdoğan 2017). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Western Palaearctic (Southeastern Europe)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G., Athanassiou C. G. & Stanisavljevic L. Z. 2003. A review of the West Palaearctic aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasitic on Uroleucon spp., with the description of a new species. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 39 (4): 343 - 353.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Aphidius smithi Sharma & Subba Rao, 1959 Figs 20, 102, 205, 301, 402, 494, 539 Host records Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji (González et al. 1978; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2006a); Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (González et al. 1978; Starý 1979; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2008a, 2012b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Nearctaphis bakeri (Cowen) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Sitobion avenae (F.) (?) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria (Laamari et al. 2011); Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2008a, 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013; Nazari et al. 2012); Iraq (Al-Azawi 1970); Israel (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Turkey (Western part – Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Australasian, Holarctic, Neotropical, Oceanic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 19, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1990 b. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 4. The genera Pauesia Diaeretus Aphidius and Diaeretiella. Israel Journal of Entomology 24: 51 - 91.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Laamari M., Tahar C. S., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Merouani H., Ghodbane S., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2011. Interactions tritrophiques: plante-puceron-hymenoptere parasitoide observees en milieux naturels et cultives de l'Est Algerien. Entomologie Faunistique 63 (3): 115 - 120.","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M. & Mehrparvar M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their tritrophic relationships in Kerman province Southeastern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 8 (1): 1 - 14.","Al-Azawi A. F. 1970. Some aphid parasitoids from central and south Iraq with notes on their occurrence. Bulletin of Iraq Natural History Museum 4: 27 - 31.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Toxares deltiger (Haliday, 1833) Figs 62, 164, 264, 363, 464, 601 Host records Lacking host data (Tomanović et al. 2008). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Eastern part – Tomanović et al. 2008). General distribution Holarctic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Tomanovic Z., Beyerslan A., Erdogan O. C. & Zikic Z. 2008. New records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Turkey. Periodicum Biologorum 110 (4): 335 - 338."]}

Aphidius eglanteriae Haliday, 1834 Figs 86, 189, 284, 387, 523 Host records Chaetosiphon tetrarhodum (Walker) (Barjadze et al. 2010). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Western part – Barjadze et al. 2010). General distribution Western Palaearctic (Europe)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Barjadze S., Karaca I., Yasar B. & Gratiashvili N. 2010. New evidence of parasitoids of pest aphids on roses and grapevine in Turkey (Hem.: Aphididae; Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomology and Acarology Research 42 (3): 143 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / jear. 2010.143"]}

Aphidius banksae Kittel, 2016 Figs 82, 185, 281, 383, 479, 519 Host records Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Chen et al. 1991). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Israel, Turkey – Eastern part (Chen et al. 1991). General distribution Western Palaearctic, Nearctic (imported to USA, not recovered again). Remarks All records of Aphidius staryi Chen & Luhman, 1991 (in Chen et al. 1991) refer to Aphidius banksae Kittel, 2016., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Kittel R. N. 2016. Eighty-nine replacement names for Braconidae and Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 22 (2): 161 - 174.","Chen J. H., Gonzalez D. & Luhman J. 1991. A new species of Aphidius (Hymenoptera) attacking the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Entomophaga 35 (4): 509 - 514. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02375085"]}

Aphidius popovi Starý, 1978 Figs 15, 96, 199, 295, 396, 489, 533 Host records Amphorophora catharinae (Nevsky) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013). General distribution Eastern Palaearctic (Central and Western Asia)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 17, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. & Gonzalez D. 1978. Parasitoid spectrum of Acyrthosiphon aphids in Central Asia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Scandinavian Entomology 9: 140 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631278 X 00089","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M. & Mehrparvar M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their tritrophic relationships in Kerman province Southeastern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 8 (1): 1 - 14."]}

Ephedrus cerasicola Star��, 1962 Figs 31, 118, 221, 317, 418, 555 Host records Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Myzus cerasi (F.) (Rakhshani 2012); Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani 2012); Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Mokhtari et al. 2000; Star�� et al. 2000); Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (L.) (Mokhtari et al. 2000; Star�� et al. 2000). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Star�� et al. 2000; Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Turkey (Central part ��� D��zg��neş et al. 1982; Uysal et al. 2004). General distribution Holarctic, Oceanic., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Rakhshani E. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with pome and stone fruit trees in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (2): 81 - 95.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Mokhtari A., Sahragard A., Rezwani A. & Salehi L. 2000. Study on five parasitoid species of the stone fruit aphids in Gilan province. Proceedings of the 14 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Vol. 1: 273. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41."]}

Lysiphlebus fritzmuelleri Mackauer, 1960 Figs 41, 131, 234, 330, 431, 508, 568 Host records Lacking host data (Akar & Erdoğan 2017). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Western part ��� Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Australasian, Eastern Palaearctic (Kazakhstan), Western Palaearctic (Eastern and central Europe), Oceanic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 36, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Mackauer M. 1960. Trioxys (Trioxys) vandenboschi n. sp., ein neuer Blattlaus - Parasit aus dem Iran (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 41 (5 - 6): 359 - 362.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623"]}

Lysiphlebus volkli Tomanović & Kavallieratos, 2018 Host records Aphis verbasci Schrank, Brachycaudus tragopogonis (Kaltenbach) (Tomanović et al. 2018). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Tomanović et al. 2018). General distribution Eastern Palaearctic (Iran), Western Palaearctic (Southeastern Europe)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 37, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Tomanovic Z., Mitrovic M., Petrovic A., Kavallieratos N. G., Zikic V., Ivanovic A., Rakhshani E., Stary P. & Vorburger C. 2018. Revision of the European Lysiphlebus species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) on the basis of COI and 28 SD 2 molecular markers and morphology. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 76 (2): 179 - 213."]}

Aphidius platensis Brèthes, 1913 Figs 14, 95, 198, 294, 395, 488, 532 Material examined SAUDI ARABIA • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Abha-KKU campus; May 2012; Aphis gossypii Glover on Aster squamatus • 1 ♀; Raidah; Apr. 2011; net sweeping • 7 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Abha; May 2013; on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Abha; May 2013; on Lablab purpureus • 2 ♀♀; Abha-Mahala College campus; Dec. 2012; on Setaria glauca • 1 ♀; Abha-Mahala College campus; Apr. 2013; Aphis solanella Theobald on Solanum nigrum • 13 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂; Abha; Jun. 2012; on Trifolium alexandrinum • 7 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Abha-Mahala College campus; 6 Mar. 2013; on Trigonella sp.; Z. Ahmad leg. (DPPZ). Host records Amegosiphon platicaudum (Narzikulov) (Nazari et al. 2012); Aphis acetosae L. and Aphis affinis del Guercio (Barahoei et al. 2013); Aphis craccivora Koch (Rakhshani et al. 2005a, 2006a, 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis fabae Scopoli (Rakhshani et al. 2008a, 2012b; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis gossypii Glover (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Nazari et al. 2012; Current study), Aphis intybi Koch (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis plantaginis Goeze (Barahoei et al. 2013); Aphis punicae Passerini (Rakhshani et al. 2008a, 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Aphis solanella Theobald (Barahoei et al. 2013; Current study); Aphis rumicis L. (Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Aphis umbrella (Börner) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Nazari et al. 2012); Brachycaudus amygdalinus (Schouteden) (Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Brachycaudus cardui (L.) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013); Brachycaudus tragopogonis (Kaltenbach) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Capitophorus elaeagni (Del Guercio) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009); Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Starý et al. 2000); Dysaphis pulverina ssp. iranica Stroyan, Dysaphis radicola (Mordvilko) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Hayhurstia atriplicis (L.) (Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Hyalopterus amygdali (Blanchard) (Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (?) (Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Talebi et al. 2009; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a; Rakhshani 2012); Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Rakhshani et al. 2008a, 2008b; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008a, 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Sitobion avenae (F.) (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008a, 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Starý et al. 2000; Talebi et al. 2009; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2005a, 2006a, 2008a; 2008b, 2012b; Rakhshani 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Saudi Arabia (new record). General distribution Eastern Palaearctic (Middle East), Neotropical (Chile), Oriental. Remarks Based on molecular and morphological studies, this species was separated from Aphidius colemani (Tomanović et al. 2014). All host records of Aphidius colemani Viereck, 1912 in Iran (Barahoei et al. 2014; Farahani et al. 2016) referring to Aphidius platensis. Other records of Aphidius colemani from the Western Asia and records of Aphidius transcaspicus Telenga from the aphids other than Hyalopterus spp. most probably refer to Aphidius platensis., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Rezwani A., Manzari S. & Tomanovic Z. 2005 a. Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. Journal of Pest Science 78: 193 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10340 - 004 - 0080 - 3","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Rakhshani E. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with pome and stone fruit trees in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (2): 81 - 95.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Mossadegh M. S., Stary P. & Salehipour H. 2011. Aphid parasitoids in a dry lowland area of Khuzestan Iran (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Asian Journal of Biological Science 4: 175 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.3923 / ajbs. 2011.175.181","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Stary P., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Zamani A. A. & Stankovic. S. 2008 b. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. European Journal of Entomology 105: 863 - 870. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2008.114","Tomanovic Z., Petrovic A., Mitrovic M., Kavallieratos N. G., Stary P., Rakhshani E., Rakhshanipour M., Popovic A., Shukshuk A. H & Ivanovic A. 2014. Molecular and morphological variability within the Aphidius colemani group with redescription of Aphidius platensis Brethes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 104, 552 - 565. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485314000327","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Nader E., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G., Tomanovic Z. & Mehrparvar M. 2014. Checklist of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their host aphid associations in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 3 (2): 199 - 232.","Farahani S., Talebi A. A. & Rakhshani E. 2016. Iranian Braconidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): diversity, distribution and host association. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 2 (1): 1 - 92."]}

Aphidius microlophii Pennachio & Tremblay, 1987 Figs 92, 195, 291, 393, 486, 529 Host records Lacking host data (Akar & Erdoğan 2017). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Turkey (Western part – Akar & Erdoğan 2017). General distribution Western Palaearctic (Europe).

Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh, 1855) Figs 30, 116, 219, 315, 416, 553 Material examined SAUDI ARABIA • 1 ♀; Abha; agricultural field; 28 Nov. 2012; Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) on Brassica oleracea • 15 ♀♀, 7♂♂; Abha; Nov. 2012; B. brassicae (L.) on Brassica oleracea • 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂; Abha- Mahala College campus; Nov. 2012; on Hordeum • 14 ♀♀, 5♂♂; Abha; May 2013; B. brassicae (L.) on Raphanus sativus • 6 ♀♀; Abha; Jun. 2012; on Trifolium alexandrinum; Z. Ahmed leg. (DPPZ). Host records Amegosiphon platicaudum (Narzikulov) (Nazari et al. 2012); Aphis aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Tremblay et al. 1985); Aphis craccivora Koch (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Rakhshani et al. 2006a; Nazari et al. 2012; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013; Barahoei et al. 2013; Ayadi et al. 2017); Aphis fabae Scopoli (Abou-Fakhr 1982; Tremblay et al. 1985; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Laamari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013); Aphis gossypii Glover (Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Barahoei et al. 2013; Satar et al. 2014); Aphis illinoisensis Shimer (El-Gantiry et al. 2012); Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Laamari et al. 2012); Aphis punicae Passerini (Nazari et al. 2012); Aphis solanella Theobald, Aphis umbrella (Börner) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Aphis spiraecola Patch (Laamari et al. 2012); Aspidaphis adjuvans (Walker) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Brachycaudus amygdalinus (Schouteden) (Starý 1979; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Starý et al. 2000); Brachycaudus cardui (L.) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012); Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach) (Erkin 1983; Uysal et al. 2004; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Talhouk 1961; Hafez 1965; Davatchi & Shojai 1968; Al-Azawi 1970; Starý 1976, 1979; Abou-Fakhr 1982; Kilinçer 1982; Düzgüneş et al. 1982; Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Starý & Sekkat 1987; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Avci & Özbek 1991; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998; Starý et al. 2000; Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Aslan et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Talebi et al. 2009; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012b; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Capitophorus inulae (Passerini) (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Starý 1976; González et al. 1992; Ahmadi & Sarafrazi 1993; Elmali & Toros 1994; Zareh et al. 1995; Ahmadi 2000; Starý et al. 2000; Baer et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2008b, 2012b; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Laamari et al. 2016); Dysaphis foeniculus (Theobald) (Ayadi et al. 2017); Dysaphis pyri (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Erkin 1983; Uysal et al. 2004); Dysaphis tulipae (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Starý 1976; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012); Hayhurstia atriplicis (L.) (Starý 1976, 1979; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Starý et al. 2000; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Laamari et al. 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2012b); Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) and Hyadaphis foeniculi (Passerini) (Güz & Kilinçer 2005); Hyadaphis tataricae (Aizenberg) (Aslan et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004); Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) (Güz & Kilinçer 2005); Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Mossadegh et al. 2011); Lipaphis lepidii (Nevsky) (Starý et al. 2000; Talebi et al. 2009; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Nazari et al. 2012); Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis) (Barahoei et al. 2013); Lipaphis sp. (Güz & Kilinçer 2005); Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette) (Al-Azawi 1970; Starý 1976); Neomariaella lambersi (Szelegiewicz) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000); Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Rakhshani et al. 2008b); Myzus beybienkoi (Narzykulov) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000); Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Avidov & Kotter 1966; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Starý 1976; Starý 1979; Erkin 1983; Starý & Sekkat 1987; Hodjat & Moradeshaghi 1988; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Starý et al. 2000; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011; Laamari et al. 2011; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Jafari et al. 2011; Jafari & Modarres Awal 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani 2012; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013; Barahoei et al. 2013; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Mimeur 1934; Starý 1976, 1979; Starý & Sekkat 1987; El-Heneidy & Attia 1988 /1989; El-Heneidy 1991, 1994; Elmali & Toros 1994; Starý et al. 2000; El-Heneidy & Abdel-Samad 2001; El-Heneidy et al. 2001, 2002; Uysal et al. 2004; Slman 2006; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Ayadi et al. 2017); Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hassan 1963; El-Heneidy & Attia 1988 /1989; El-Heneidy 1991, 1994; Starý et al. 2000; El- Heneidy & Abdel-Samad 2001; El-Heneidy et al. 2001, 2002; Uysal et al. 2004; Abdel-Rahman 2005; Slman 2006; Rakhshani et al. 2008b; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Barahoei et al. 2013); Saltusaphis scirpus Theobald (Starý et al. 2000); Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Bodenheimer & Swirski 1957; Starý 1976, 1979; El-Heneidy & Attia 1988 /1989; El-Heneidy 1991, 1994; Starý et al. 2000; El-Heneidy & Abdel-Samad 2001; El-Heneidy et al. 2001, 2002; Abdel-Rahman 2005; Slman 2006; Rakhshani et al. 2008b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (El-Heneidy & Attia 1988 /1989; El-Heneidy 1991, 1994; Starý et al. 2000; El-Heneidy et al. 2001, 2002; Slman 2006; Rakhshani et al. 2008b; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Rakhshani et al. 2012b; Barahoei et al. 2013); Uroleucon sonchi (L.) (?) (Starý & Kaddou 1971). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Algeria (Starý 1976; Laamari et al. 2011, 2012; Chaouche & Laamari 2015); Egypt (Hassan 1963; Hafez 1965; Mackauer & Starý 1967; Starý 1976; El-Heneidy & Attia 1988 /1989; El-Heneidy 1991, 1994; El-Heneidy & Abdel-Samad 2001; El-Heneidy et al. 2001, 2002; Ragab et al. 2002; Abdel-Rahman 2005; Slman 2006; El-Gantiry et al. 2012); Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Mossadegh et al. 2011; Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2006a, 2012b; Rakhshani 2012; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Iraq (Al-Azawi 1970; Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976); Israel (Bodenheimer & Swirski 1957; Avidov & Kotter 1966; Avidov & Harpaz 1969; Starý 1976; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Jordan (Baer et al. 2004); Lebanon (Talhouk 1961; Starý 1976; Abou-Fakhr 1982; Hussein & Kawar 1984; Tremblay et al. 1985; Abou-Fakhr & Kawar 1998); Libya (Mackauer & Starý 1967; Starý 1976); Morocco (Mimeur 1934; Starý 1976; Starý & Sekkat 1987; Baer et al. 2004); Palestine (Samara & Qubbaj 2012); Saudi Arabia (Ahmad & Bakr 2013); Syria (Baer et al. 2004); Tunisia (Ben Halima & Ben Hamouda 1993; Boukhris-Bouhachem 2011; Ayadi et al. 2017); Turkey (Eastern part – Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Central part – Düzgüneş et al. 1982, Kilinçer 1982; Zeren & Düzgüneş 1983; Elmali & Toros 1994; Aslan et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Güz & Kilinçer 2005; Satar et al. 2014; Western part – Erkin 1983; Erdoğan et al. 2008; Akar & Erdoğan 2017); Yemen (Starý et al. 2013). General distribution Cosmopolitan., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Tremblay E., Kawar N. & Barbagallo S. 1985. Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) and aphidiines (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Lebanon. Bollettino del Laboratorio di entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri Portici 42: 19 - 32.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1990 b. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 4. The genera Pauesia Diaeretus Aphidius and Diaeretiella. Israel Journal of Entomology 24: 51 - 91.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Rakhshani H. 2006 a. An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25 (2): 1 - 14.","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Ayadi M., Stary P., Ben Halima K. M. & Belkadi M. S. 2017. Aphid parasitoid species and their hosts in Western South of Tunisia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae; Hemiptera: Aphididae). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 27 (2): 223 - 226.","Abou-Fakhr I. 1982. Aphid Endoparasitoid Complex on Certain Vegetables Ornamentals and Weeds in Lebanon. Ph. D. thesis, American University of Beirut.","Guz N. & Kilincer N. 2005. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) on weeds from Ankara Turkey. Phytoparasitica 33 (4): 359 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02981302","Laamari M., Chaouche S. T., Halimi C. W., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2012. A review of aphid parasitoids and their associations in Algeria (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae; Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). African Entomology 20 (1): 161 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.4001 / 003.020.0120","Ben Halima K. M. & Ben Hamouda M. H. 1993. Les pucerons des cultures protegees et leurs ennemis en Tunisie. Tropicultura 11 (2): 50 - 53.","Laamari M., Tahar C. S., Benferhat S., Abbes S. B., Merouani H., Ghodbane S., Khenissa N. & Stary P. 2011. Interactions tritrophiques: plante-puceron-hymenoptere parasitoide observees en milieux naturels et cultives de l'Est Algerien. Entomologie Faunistique 63 (3): 115 - 120.","Mossadegh M. S., Stary P. & Salehipour H. 2011. Aphid parasitoids in a dry lowland area of Khuzestan Iran (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Asian Journal of Biological Science 4: 175 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.3923 / ajbs. 2011.175.181","Satar S., Satar G., Karacaoglu M., Uygun N., Kavallieratos N. G., Stary P. & Athanassiou C. G. 2014. Parasitoids and hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera) on aphids (Hemiptera) infesting citrus in east Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Insect Science 14 (178): 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jisesa / ieu 040","El-Gantiry A. M., El-Heneidy A. H., Mousa S. F. & Adly D. 2012. Aphis illinoisensis Shimer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) a recent invasive aphid species in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 22 (2): 225 - 226.","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Erkin E. 1983. Investigation on the hosts, distribution and efficiency of the natural enemies of the family Aphididae (Homoptera) harmful to pome and stone fruit trees in Izmir province of Aegean region. Turkiye Bitki Koruma Dergisi 7: 29 - 49.","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Chaouche S. T. & Laamari M. 2015. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their associations in Biskra province Algeria. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 3 (2): 179 - 184.","Talhouk A. S. 1961. Records of entomophagous insects from Lebanon. Entomophaga 6: 207 - 209.","Hafez M. 1965. Characteristics of the open empty mummies of the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) indicating the identity of the emerged parasites. Agricultural Research Review 43 (4): 85 - 88.","Davatchi A. & Shojai M. 1968. Entomophagous Hymenopterous Wasps of Iran. University of Tehran Faculty of Agriculture.","Al-Azawi A. F. 1970. Some aphid parasitoids from central and south Iraq with notes on their occurrence. Bulletin of Iraq Natural History Museum 4: 27 - 31.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Kilincer N. 1982. Der Parasitenkomplex der Mehligen Kohlblattlaus in Ankara umfasst zwei Parasiten- und vier Hyperparasitenarten. Plant Protection Bulletin 22, 1 - 12. [In Turkish.]","Duzgunes Z., Toros S., Kilincer N. & Kovanci B. 1982. The Parasites and the Predators of Aphidoidea in Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Ankara. [In Turkish].","Zeren O. & Duzgunes Z. 1983. A Study on identifcation, host plants, effect on host plant and natural enemies of aphids, causing damage on vegetables in Cukurova region. No. 59. Turkish Ministry of Agriculture Research Serie Ankara. [In Turkish.]","Hussein M. K. & Kawar N. S. 1984. A study of aphids and their natural enemies in Southern Lebanon. Arab Journal of Plant Protection 2: 17 - 82. [In Arabic].","Stary P. & Sekkat A. 1987. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae) of aphid pests in Morocco. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 23 (3): 145 - 149.","Avci U. & Ozbek H. 1991. Natural enemies of the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Erzurum. Turkish Journal of Entomology 15 (1): 37 - 41. [In Turkish].","Abou-Fakhr E. M. & Kawar N. S. 1998. Complex of endoparasitoids of aphids (Hom.: Aphididae) on vegetables and other plants. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 77: 753 - 763. [In Russian]","Olmez S. & Ulusoy M. R. 2003. A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakir Turkey. Phytoparasitica 31 (5): 524 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979745","Aslan M. M., Uygun N. & Stary P. 2004. A survey of aphid parasitoids in Kahramanmaras Turkey (Hymenoptera: Braconidae; Aphidiinae; and Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Phytoparasitica 32 (3): 255 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979820","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M. & Mehrparvar M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their tritrophic relationships in Kerman province Southeastern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 8 (1): 1 - 14.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Gonzalez D., Gilstrop F., McKinnon L., Zhang J., Zareh N., Zhang G., Stary P., Wooley J. & Wang R. 1992. Foreign exploration for natural enemies of Russian wheat aphid in Iran and in the Kunlun, Tian Shan, and Altai Mountain Valleys of The People's Republic of China. In: Proceedings of Russian Wheat Aphid Conference: 197 - 208. Great Plains Agriculture Council Publications, Texas.","Ahmadi, A. A. & Sarafrazi, A. M. 1993. Distribution and natural enemies of Russian Wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia in Fars province. In: Proceedings of the 11 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress: Vol 1: 1. University of Guilan, Rasht.","Elmali M. & Toros S. 1994. Investigations on the natural enemies of aphids damaging to wheat in Konya province. In: Proceedings of the 3 rd Turkish National Congress of Biological Control: 13 - 29. Ege Universitesi, Izmir.","Zareh N., Gonzalez D., Ahmadi A., Esmaili M., Maleki-Milani H., Vafabakhsh J., Gilstrap F., Stary P., Woolley J. B. & Thompson F. C. 1995. A search for the Russian wheat aphid D iuraphis noxia and its natural enemies in Iran. In: Proceedings of the 12 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress Vol. 1: 12. University of Tehran, Karadj.","Ahmadi R. 2000. Natural enemies of Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia, in Hamadan province. In: Proceedings of the 14 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress Vol. 1: 226. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan.","Baer C. F., Tripp D. W., Bjorksten T. A. & Antolin M. F. 2004. Phylogeography of a parasitoid wasp (Diaeretiella rapae): no evidence of host-associated lineages. Molecular Ecology 13: 1859 - 1869. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2004.02196. x","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Stary P., Talebi A. A., Kavallieratos N. G., Zamani A. A. & Stankovic. S. 2008 b. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. European Journal of Entomology 105: 863 - 870. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2008.114","Laamari M., Boughida S. & Merouani H. 2016. Distribution, parasitoids and cyclic appearance of Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko, 1913) (Hemiptera Aphididae) in Algeria. European Journal of Environmental Sciences 6 (2): 103 - 107. https: // doi. org / 10.14712 / 23361964.2016.15","Avidov Z. & Kotter E. 1966. The pests of safflower Carthamus tinctoria L. in Israel. Scripta Hierosolymitana 18: 9 - 26.","Avidov Z. & Harpaz L. 1969. Plant Pests of Israel. Israel Universities Press, Jerusalem.","Hodjat S. H. & Moradeshaghi M. J. 1988. Citrus aphids of Iran. Journal of Plant Protection 31: 1 - 40.","Boukhris-Bouhachem S. 2011. Aphid enemies reported from Tunisian citrus orchards. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 6: 21 - 27.","Jafari N., Karimi J., Modarres Awal M. & Rakhshani E. 2011. Morphological and molecular methods in identification of Aphidius transcaspicus Telenga (Hym: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasitoid of Hyalopterus spp. (Hom.: Aphididae) with additional data on Aphidiinae phylogeny. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 13 (2): 91 - 103.","Jafari N. & Modarres Awal M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids associations on stone fruit trees in Khorasan-e- Razavi province (Iran) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 7 (1): 418 - 423.","Rakhshani E. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with pome and stone fruit trees in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (2): 81 - 95.","Mimeur J. 1934. Aphididae of Morocco. Memoires de la Societe des sciences naturelles du Maroc 40: 1 - 17.","El-Heneidy A. H. & Attia A. A. 1988 / 1989. Evaluation to the role of parasitoids and predators associated with aphids in wheat fields Egypt. Bulletin of Entomological Society of Egypt 17: 137 ‾ 147.","El-Heneidy A. H. 1991. Seasonal abundance of aphids and their natural enemies in wheat fields in Upper Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 1 (1): 5 - 10.","El-Heneidy A. H. 1994. Efficacy of aphidophagous insects against aphids at wheat fields in Egypt, a 5 - year evaluation. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 4 (2): 113 - 123.","El-Heneidy A. H. & Abdel-Samad S. S. 2001. Tritrophic interaction among Egyptian wheat plant, cereal aphids and natural enemies. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 11 (2): 119 - 125.","El-Heneidy A. H., Gonzalez D., Stary P. & Adly D. 2002. Significance of hyperparasitization of primary cereal aphid parasitoids in Egypt \" Hymenoptera Parasitic \". Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 109 - 114.","Slman F. A. A. 2006. Incidence of cereal aphids and seasonal abundance of their parasitoids in wheat fields in Sohag (Upper Egypt). Assiut Journal of Agricultural Science 37: 211 - 220.","Hassan M. S. 1963. Natural Enemies of Some Root Aphids, in Egypt (Hemiptera-Homoptera: Aphididae). Cairo, General Organisation for Goverment Printing Offices.","Abdel-Rahman M. A. A. 2005. The relative abundance and species composition of hymenopterous parasitoids attacking cereal aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) infesting wheat plants at Upper Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research 83 (2): 633 - 645.","Bodenheimer F. S. & Swirski E. 1957. The Aphidoidea of the Middle East. Weisman Science Press, Jerusalem.","Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Mackauer M. & Stary P. 1967. Hymenoptera Ichneumonoidea: World Aphidiidae. In: Delucchi V & Remaudiere G. (eds) Index of Entomophagous Insects: 1 - 195. Le Francois, Paris.","Ragab M. E., Gahanim A. A., Abou EL-Naga A. M. & Saleh A. A. 2002. Effect of host aphid species, temperature and food supply on some biological characteristics of the two aphid parasitoids Diaeretiella rapae and Aphidius sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Journal of Agricultural Science (Mansoura University) 27 (7): 4997 - 5002.","Samara R. Y. & Qubbaj T. A. 2012. Preliminary study of some aphid natural enemies of Tulkarm- Northern West-Bank and their aphid-plant associations. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production 3 (4): 123 - 127.","Ahmad Z. & Bakr R. F. A. 2013. Biosystematics of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Asir region of Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Applied Sciences and Research 3 (1): 23 - 26.","Erdogan O. C., Tomanovic Z. & Beyarslan A. 2008. New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the region of Marmara Turkey. Acta Entomologica Serbica 13 (1 - 2): 85 - 88.","Akar S. & Erdogan O. C. 2017. Contributions to Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) fauna of Turkey with new records. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 18 (2): 89 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.23902 / trkjnat. 282623","Stary P., Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z. Kavallieratos N. G. & Havelka. J. 2013. Order Hymenoptera, family Braconidae - Aphidiinae Aphid parasitoids of the Arabian Peninnsula In: van Harten A. (ed.), Arthropod Fauna of UAE Vol 5: 407 - 425. Al Amal Printing Press. Abu Dhabi."]}

Ephedrus chaitophori G��rdenfors, 1986 Figs 119, 222, 318, 419, 556 Host records Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer) (Rakhshani et al. 2007b). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Rakhshani et al. 2007b). General distribution Holarctic., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Star��, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., ��krki��, Jelisaveta & Tomanovi��, ��eljko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Gardenfors U. 1986. Taxonomic and biological revision of Palaearctic Ephedrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Entomologia Scandinavica (Supplement) 27: 1 - 95.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Manzari S. 2007 b. Aphid-parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associations on willows and poplars in the biocorridors of Iran. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53: 281 - 297."]}

Trioxys tanaceticola Starý, 1971 Figs 72, 175, 271, 373, 475, 612 Host records Coloradoa heinzei Börner (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000); Coloradoa absinthii (Lichtenstein) (Talebi et al. 2009); Coloradoa sp. (Barahoei et al. 2014); Titanosiphon neoartemisiae (Takahashi) (?) (Rakhshani et al. 2008c; Talebi et al. 2009). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008c; Talebi et al. 2009). General distribution Eastern and Western Palaearctic., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Nader E., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G., Tomanovic Z. & Mehrparvar M. 2014. Checklist of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their host aphid associations in Iran. Journal of Crop Protection 3 (2): 199 - 232.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Manzari S., Rezwani A. & Asadi G. 2008 c. Preliminary taxonomic study of genus Trioxys Haliday (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and its host associations in Iran. In: Manzari Sh. (ed) Proceedings of the 18 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress Vol. 1: 97. Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan."]}

Adialytus veronicaecola (Starý, 1978) Figs 5, 77, 180, 276, 378, 503, 514 Host records Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis gossypii Glover (Rakhshani et al. 2012a). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Rakhshani et al. 2012a); Turkey – Western part (Erdoğan & Akar 2018). General distribution Eastern (Iran, Kazakhstan) and Western Palaearctic (Turkey)., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P. & Gonzalez D. 1978. Parasitoid spectrum of Acyrthosiphon aphids in Central Asia (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Scandinavian Entomology 9: 140 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631278 X 00089","Rakhshani E., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 a. Species of Adialytus Forster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran: taxonomic notes and tritrophic associations. ZooKeys 221: 81 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 221.3541","Erdogan O. C. & Akar S. 2018. First record of the species Adialytus veronicaecola (Stary, 1978) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the West Palaearctic Region. Plant Protection Bulletin 58 (4): 227 - 230. [In Turkish]. https: // doi. org / 10.16955 / bitkorb. 396011"]}

Adialytus salicaphis (Fitch, 1855) Figs 3, 75, 178, 274, 376, 501, 512 Host records Chaitophorus euphraticus Hodjat (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a; Talebi et al. 2009); Chaitophorus leucomelas Koch (Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Chaitophorus populeti (Panzer) (Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a); Chaitophorus populialbae (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a; Barahoei et al. 2013); Chaitophorus remaudierei Pintera (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a; Talebi et al. 2009; Nazari et al. 2012); Chaitophorus salijaponicus Essig & Kuwana (Starý et al. 2000; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Barahoei et al. 2013; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Chaitophorus truncatus (Hausmann) (Rakhshani et al. 2007b; Talebi et al. 2009); Chaitophorus vitellinae (Schrank) (Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a; Talebi et al. 2009; Barahoei et al. 2013); Chaitophorus spp. (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976, 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Barahoei et al. 2012, 2013; Rakhshani et al. 2012a, 2012b). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Barahoei et al. 2012; Nazari et al. 2012; Rakhshani et al. 2007b, 2012a, 2012b; Taheri & Rakhshani 2013); Iraq (Starý & Kaddou 1971; Starý 1976); Turkey (Eastern part – Ölmez & Ulusoy 2003; Western part – Uysal et al. 2004; Erdoğan et al. 2008). General distribution Holarctic, Neotropical, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 5, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Manzari S. 2007 b. Aphid-parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associations on willows and poplars in the biocorridors of Iran. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53: 281 - 297.","Rakhshani E., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 a. Species of Adialytus Forster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran: taxonomic notes and tritrophic associations. ZooKeys 221: 81 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 221.3541","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Olmez S. & Ulusoy M. R. 2003. A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakir Turkey. Phytoparasitica 31 (5): 524 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979745","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Barahoei H., Rakhshani E., Madjdzadeh S. M., Alipour A., Taheri S., Nader E., Mitrovski-Bogdanovic A., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G. & Tomanovic Z. 2013. Aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of central submountains of Iran. North Western Journal of Zoology 9 (1): 70 - 93.","Taheri S. & Rakhshani E. 2013. Identification of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and determination of their host relationships in Southern Zagros. Journal of Plant Protection (Ferdowsi University Iran) 27 (1): 85 - 95. [In Persian.]","Nazari Y., Zamani A. A., Masoumi S. E., Rakhshani E., Petrovic-Obradovic O., Tomanovic S., Stary P. & Tomanovic Z. 2012. Diversity and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the farmlands of western Iran. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (2): 559 - 584.","Stary P. & Kaddou I. K. 1971. Fauna and distribution of aphid parasites (Hym.: Aphidiidae) in Iraq. Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 14: 179 - 197.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Barahoei H., Madjdzadeh S. M. & Mehrparvar M. 2012. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) and their tritrophic relationships in Kerman province Southeastern Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 8 (1): 1 - 14.","Rakhshani E., Kazemzadeh S., Stary P., Barahoei H., Kavallieratos N. G., Cetkovic A., Popovic A., Bodlah I. & Tomanovic Z. 2012 b. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of northeastern Iran: Aphidiine-aphid-plant associations, key and description of a new species. Journal of Insect Science 12: 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1673 / 031.012.14301","Erdogan O. C., Tomanovic Z. & Beyarslan A. 2008. New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the region of Marmara Turkey. Acta Entomologica Serbica 13 (1 - 2): 85 - 88."]}

Aphidius absinthii Marshall, 1896 Figs 6, 78, 181, 277, 379, 476, 515 Host records Macrosiphoniella abrotani (Walker) (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008 a, 2011; Talebi et al. 2009); Macrosiphoniella artemisiae (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Starý 1976; Aslan et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Rakhshani et al. 2008 a, 2011; Talebi et al. 2009); Macrosiphoniella helichrysi Remaudière (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2011); Macrosiphoniella oblonga (Mordvilko) (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2008 a, 2011; Talebi et al. 2009); Macrosiphoniella pulvera (Walker) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2011); Macrosiphoniella riedeli Szelegiewicz (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b; Rakhshani et al. 2011); Macrosiphoniella tuberculata (Nevsky) (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2011; Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b – as Macrosiphoniella nr. macrura Hille Ris Lambers); Macrosiphoniella sp. (Starý et al. 2000; Rakhshani et al. 2011). Distribution in the Middle East and North Africa Iran (Starý 1979; Starý et al. 2000; Talebi et al. 2009; Rakhshani et al. 2008 a, 2011); Israel (Mescheloff & Rosen 1990b); Turkey (Starý 1976; Central part – Aslan et al. 2004; Uysal et al. 2004; Western part – Erdoğan et al. 2008). General distribution Holarctic, Oriental., Published as part of Rakhshani, Ehsan, Barahoei, Hossein, Ahmad, Zubair, Starý, Petr, Ghafouri-Moghaddam, Mostafa, Mehrparvar, Mohsen, Kavallieratos, Nickolas G., Čkrkić, Jelisaveta & Tomanović, Željko, 2019, Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations, pp. 1-132 in European Journal of Taxonomy 552 on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.552, http://zenodo.org/record/3476562, {"references":["Stary P., Remaudiere G., Gonzalez D. & Shahrokhi S. 2000. A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56 (1): 15 - 41.","Rakhshani E., Talebi A. A., Stary P., Tomanovic Z., Kavallieratos N. G. & Manzari S. 2008 a. A review of Aphidius Nees in Iran: host associations, distribution, and taxonomic notes. Zootaxa 1767: 37 - 54.","Irshaid L. A. & Hasan H. S. 2011. Bioresidual effect of two insecticides on melon aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 11 (2): 228 - 236.","Talebi A. A., Rakhshani E., Fathipour Y., Stary P., Tomanovic Z. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2009. Aphids and their parasitoids (Hym.: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with medicinal plants in Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3 (2): 205 - 219.","Stary P. 1976. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Mediterranean Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Aslan M. M., Uygun N. & Stary P. 2004. A survey of aphid parasitoids in Kahramanmaras Turkey (Hymenoptera: Braconidae; Aphidiinae; and Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Phytoparasitica 32 (3): 255 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02979820","Uysal M., Stary P., Sahbaz A. & Ozsemerci F. 2004. A review of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of Turkey. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 12 (2): 355 - 370.","Rakhshani E., Tomanovic Z., Stary P., Kavallieratos N. G., Ilic S. M., Stankovic S. & Rajabi-Mazhar N. 2011. Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Macrosiphoniella aphids (Hemiptra: Aphididae) in the western Palaearctic region. Journal of Natural History 45: 2560 - 2576. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2011.597004","Stary P. 1979. Aphid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of the Central Asian Area. Dr. W. Junk b. v., The Hague / Academia, Prague.","Mescheloff E. & Rosen D. 1990 b. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea), 4. The genera Pauesia Diaeretus Aphidius and Diaeretiella. Israel Journal of Entomology 24: 51 - 91.","Erdogan O. C., Tomanovic Z. & Beyarslan A. 2008. New aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in the region of Marmara Turkey. Acta Entomologica Serbica 13 (1 - 2): 85 - 88."]}