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In the article are considered the role of the Holy See and the Catholic Church in the de-isolation of Cuba in the international community and the promotion of the restoration of relations with the world community. The article analyzes the change in the international situation that has forced the Cuban government to dialogue with the Catholic Church, as well as the strengthening of the position of the Catholic Church on the Cuban island. The resumption of relations between Cuba and the Holy See was mutually beneficial and necessary for both sides. The Cuban government needed a new ally to get out of isolation. For the Vatican it was necessary to legalize the activities of the Catholic Church on the Cuban island. It is noted that three popes John Paul II, Benedict XVI and Francis played a part in the withdrawal from international isolation. The visit of Pope John Paul II to Cuba attracted attention to Cuba and became a step that began the process of legalizing the Catholic Church on the island and de-isolating Cuba. Benedict XVI’s visit came at a time when the leadership changed, when Cuba was governed by Raul Castro, who conducted a series of reforms. And of course, Pope Francis played a key role in the process of restoring relations with the United States and the de-isolation of Cuba in the international arena. Cuba has undoubtedly benefited from the active interventions of Vatican diplomacy and the Holy See, which has been distinguished how in Cuba’s international statuses and so in Cuba’s economic, tourism and information areas. However, the Cuban breakthrough was also an achievement for the Holy See’s peacekeeping diplomacy on international arena. For a long time, Vatican diplomacy has once again received vocal recognition on the international stage. The Cuban breakthrough testified that even today in the XXI-st century, the «soft power» of the Vatican diplomacy See and the Pope of the Catholic Church are able to engage the conflicting parties in dialogue, to promote mutual understanding, tolerance, peaceful coexistence, international cooperation and security.

El presente artículo analiza las circunstancias geopolíticas en las que el antagonismo entre Estados Unidos y Cuba, que permaneció más de cinco décadas, dio un giro con el acercamiento que busca normalizar las relaciones entre ambos países. Partimos de la idea de que el nuevo orden mundial estimuló de manera decisiva este proceso que había dado inicio desde hace algunos años, antes de finalizar el siglo xx.

The article deals with the phenomenon of Private Military Companies (PMCs) and their utilization by the United States of America (US). Its objective is the comparison of the use of PMC services by the administrations of President George W. Bush and President Barack Obama, respectively. It specifically focuses on the following four areas: capacity (numbers of PMCs deployed and the number of their employees), funding (costs of PMC services), regulation (its forms and laws covering PMCs), control and monitoring (supervision of PMCs and their staff by relevant public bodies). The main finding is that there have been few major changes in the use of PMCs’ services, which contradicts president Obama‘s rhetoric both before and after he assumed office.

DOI: 10.5294/pacla.2013.16.1.1 El caudal de información en el que nos movemos actualmente exige que el político, como otros líderes que quieran transmitir un mensaje, deba competir con innumerables pantallas y datos. El storytelling surge en los últimos años como técnica efectiva para que el mensaje proveniente del líder social logre conquistar el bien más preciado en el mundo de la comunicación actual: el tiempo del ciudadano. En estas líneas se introduce esta herramienta discursiva, sus condiciones y elementos y, por medio de un análisis cualitativo, se expone su presencia en la galería de imágenes que la Casa Blanca publicó luego de matar a Osama bin Laden. DOI: 10.5294/pacla.2013.16.1.1

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise de formas nominaisde implicação anafórica no processo de referenciação e suas nuançasna construção de sentidos em se tratando de um objeto-de-discursoespecífico – Barack Obama –, referenciado em textos publicadosno jornalismo on-line. Para tanto, delimitaram-se como dados depesquisa excertos de textos publicados no jornalismo on-line quetematizam a eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos da América em2008. Analisou-se como o presidente Barack Obama foi(re)categorizado nesses textos por meio de formas nominais deimplicação anafórica.1 A fundamentação teórica é o processo dereferenciação, concebido como atividade discursiva, conformeproposta por Mondada e Dubois (2003). Os resultados da análisereiteraram as considerações dos teóricos da referenciação no sentidode que determinadas formas de implicação anafórica, tendo em vista o potencial de recategorização do referente, atuam na construçãosociocognitiva do objeto-de-discurso.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the main features of the US discourse regarding the Tri-Border Area between Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay through the analysis of 16 editions of the Patterns of Global Terrorism and of the Country Reports on Terrorism published from 2001-2016. Securitization theory is applied to explain the use of speech acts as movements to securitize the region. After employing NVivo to measure the frequency of words, a strong link between the rise of the financial semantic field and clashes in the Middle East were observed. The fact that the reports had a special emphasis regarding legislation on terrorism in the three countries was also detected.