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COVID-19, a novel infectious disease caused by the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in 2020, has had a profound impact on healthcare, both at the individual and population level. The impact at the population level was felt most acutely during the emergency phase of the pandemic, with hospital capacity issues leading to widespread disruptions and delays in the delivery of healthcare services such as screening programs and elective surgeries. While hospitals are no longer being acutely overwhelmed by COVID-19 patients, the impact of the virus on vulnerable patient populations such as cancer patients continues to be of ongoing consequence. Cancer patients remain at high risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, and death due to COVID-19, even in the era of vaccination. Infection prevention and risk mitigation strategies such air quality control, masking, testing, vaccination, and treatment should therefore be integrated into the usual care and counseling of cancer patients moving forward to avoid preventable morbidity and mortality from this infection and ensure the safety of this vulnerable cohort as they navigate their cancer diagnosis and treatment in the era of COVID-19.

This study focusses on the evaluation of the Euphrates River in Al-Anbar Governorate, through the monthly collection of water samples for a full water year from twelve stations extending from Al-Qaiem to Ameria. Because the Euphrates River is the source of water for the residents of the surrounding areas, therefore, continuous evaluation during close periods is necessary. Accordingly, 144 samples were analyzed and their chemical and physical properties were determined. The results showed that calcium and sodium are dominant in the Euphrates River water from positive ions, whereas, sulfates are dominant from negative ions. Euphrates River water in general is clear to cloudy water, low alkaline, fresh water, highly mineralized water to excessively mineralized water, very hard water, and normal sulfate to oligosulfate water. All water samples were within the first class of the Piper diagram represented by Ca2+ - Mg2+ - Cl- - SO42- and fall within the category V (Mixing zone), except for two sites represented in the districts of Rawa and Anah. Euphrates River water achieves a balance between anions and cations, and one does not exceed the other in concentration. According to the cluster analysis method, the hydrogeochemical facies are Ca2+-SO42- and K+; Mg2+ - Na+; and Cl- - HCO3-. The results show that the water is suitable for drinking, livestock feeding, and growing all kinds of crops.

تلخصت مشكلة البحث في تعرض جمهور (مدينة بغداد) والتعرض للبرامج السياسية في الفضائيات، إذ تم تحديد المشكلة بالتساؤل الرئيس الآتي: (ما طبيعة التعرض للبرامج السياسية في الفضائيات؟) وذلك بإجراء دراسة مسحية لجمهور مدينة بغداد، وتم اختيار عينة البحث التي بلغت (460) مفردة سحبت من الإسقاطات السكانية لسنة 2019 الصادرة من الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء التابع لوزارة التخطيط العراقية. وهدف البحث الكشف عن عادات وأنماط تعرض الجمهور للبرامج السياسية في الفضائيات، فضلاً عن تحديد مستويات التعرض للبرامج السياسية التلفزيونية، ويعد هذا البحث من البحوث الوصفية إذ يقوم بوصف ما موجود عن طريق جمع المعلومات والبيانات عن الظاهرة وجدولتها وتبويبها، ثمّ تفسير البيانات واستخلاص الاستنتاجات، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج المسحي، وأسلوب العلاقة الارتباطية للتحقق من فروض البحث.

The existence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in domestic ruminants and camels in Sudan during 2008-2012 was investigated. Lung tissues and serum samples were randomly collected from sheep, goats, cattle, and camels at different areas of Sudan. A total of 12,384 serum samples were collected from clinically healthy 7413 sheep, 1988 camels, 1501 cattle, 1459 goats, and 23 gazelles at different areas in the Sudan. They were examined for PPR antibodies using competitive ELISA (cELISA). The overall detected seroprevalence of PPR in tested sera was 49.4%; seroprevalence values within species were 67.1, 48.2, 25.8, 2.1, and 21.7% in sheep, goat, cattle, camels, and gazelles, respectively. The highest seroprevalence (68.1%) was observed in sera collected from Darfur states, then the central states (54.3%). A total of 1276 lung tissue samples (623 sheep, 324 cattle, 220 camels, and 109 goats) were collected. The majority of lung samples were collected from clinically healthy animals that showed lesions on PM in slaughterhouses (95%) and during PPR outbreaks; samples were tested for PPR antigen using immunocapture ELISA (IcELISA). PPR antigen was detected in 233 out of the 1276 tested samples (18.3%). Positive results were observed in samples collected from clinically healthy and diseased animals. The observed prevalence values in each species were 33.6, 21.1, 15.4, and 12.3% in camel, goat, sheep, and cattle, respectively. PPR antigen was detected in samples from different areas; however, the highest prevalence (63.9%) was found in samples collected from the eastern states, then Khartoum state (28%). Trials for virus isolation were done in different cell cultures. Out of 30 IcELISA-positive samples inoculated in primary bovine and ovine kidney cells, Vero cells, the PPR virus was successfully isolated from 15 (eight sheep, five camels, and two goats) samples in the three cell culture types. Using RT-PCR, PPRV nucleic acid was detected in all 25 IcELISA-positive tested samples.