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Background: Emerging evidence suggests that cell deaths are involved in tumorigenesis and progression, which may be treated as a novel direction of cancers. Recently, a novel type of programmed cell death, disulfidptosis, was discovered. However, the detailed biological and clinical impact of disulfidptosis and related regulators remains largely unknown. Methods: In this work, we first enrolled pancancer datasets and performed multi-omics analysis, including gene expression, DNA methylation, copy number variation and single nucleic variation profiles. Then we deciphered the biological implication of disulfidptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) by machine learning. Finally, a novel agent targeting at disulfidptosis in ccRCC was identified and verified. Results: We found that disulfidptosis regulators were dysregulated among cancers, which could be explained by aberrant DNA methylation and genomic mutation events. Disulfidptosis scores were depressed among cancers and negatively correlated with epithelial mesenchymal transition. Disulfidptosis regulators could satisfactorily stratify risk subgroups in ccRCC, and a novel subtype, DCS3, owning with disulfidptosis depression, insensitivity to immune therapy and aberrant genome instability were identified and verified. Moreover, treating DCS3 with NU1025 could significantly inhibit ccRCC malignancy. Conclusion: This work provided a better understanding of disulfidptosis in cancers and new insights into individual management based on disulfidptosis.

Abstract Our study focused on evaluating the effect of three common vasoactive drugs on the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis and pre-existing heart failure. The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database, Version 1.4, was used. Our study included critically ill older patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with sepsis and heart failure treated with vasoactive drugs. Patients were divided into norepinephrine group, norepinephrine combined with vasopressin group, and dopamine group. The baseline characteristics, primary outcome, and secondary outcome measures were compared among the three groups. In total, 1357 elderly patients were included (766 in norepinephrine group, 250 in norepinephrine combined with vasopressin group, and 341 in dopamine group). After propensity score matching, statistically significant differences in 28-d and 90-d mortality (P = 0.046, P = 0.031) were observed; meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the incidence of mechanical ventilation, AKI, and malignant arrhythmias. Cox regression analysis revealed that norepinephrine combined with vasopressin decreased 5-year survival statistically(P = 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated dopamine as an independent risk factor in reducing ICU and hospital length of stay (P = 0.001, P = 0.017). Logistic regression analysis showed dopamine was an independent risk factor for new-onset arrhythmias (P

In this paper, the effect of ultrasound technology on the structure of high concentrations soybean protein isolate (SPI) and its enzymatic hydrolysate antioxidant activity were explored. SDS-PAGE, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence probe were used to analyze the effect of ultrasound on the molecular structure of soybean protein isolate at high concentrations, as well as on the content and molecular weight of polypeptides, free amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of enzymolysis products. The results showed that under certain ultrasound treatment conditions, the primary structure of SPI remains unchanged, but the high concentration (16%) of SPI changed other structural properties after ultrasound treatment. The β-sheet content increased and the α-helix content decreased in the secondary structure. In addition, the endogenous fluorescence emission wavelength was significantly redshifted, and the surface hydrophobicity was significantly (P

Objective: This prospective single-arm clinical trial aimed to evaluated the feasibility and safety of the application of the SHURUI system (Beijing Surgerii Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China), a novel purpose-built robotic system, in single-port robotic radical prostatectomy. Methods: Sixteen patients diagnosed with prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled in and underwent robotic radical prostatectomy from October 2021 to August 2022 by the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system. The demographic and baseline data, surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes as well as follow-up data were recorded. Results: The mean operative time was 226.3 (standard deviation [SD] 52.0) min, and the mean console time was 183.4 (SD 48.3) min, with the mean estimated blood loss of 116.3 (SD 90.0) mL. The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 4.50 (SD 0.97) days. Two patients had postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade II), and both patients improved after conservative treatment. All patients’ postoperative prostate-specific antigen levels decreased to below 0.2 ng/mL 1 month after discharge. The mean prostate-specific antigen level further decreased to a mean of 0.0219 (SD 0.0641) ng/mL 6 months after surgery. Thirty days postoperatively, 12 out of 16 patients reported using no more than one urinary pad per day, and all patients reported satisfactory urinary control without the need for pads 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: The SHURUI system is safe and feasible in performing radical prostatectomy via both transperitoneal and extraperitoneal approaches. Tumor control and urinary continence were satisfying for patients enrolled in. The next phase involves conducting a large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trial to thoroughly assess the effectiveness and safety of the new technology in a broader population.

Abstract Background The silicified cell wall of diatoms, also known as frustule, shows huge potential as an outstanding bio-nanomaterial for hemostatic applications due to its high hemostatic efficiency, good biocompatibility, and ready availability. As the architectural features of the frustule determine its hemostatic performance, it is of great interest to develop an effective method to modify the frustule morphology into desired patterns to further improve hemostatic efficiency. Results In this study, the gene encoding Silicalemma Associated Protein 2 (a silicalemma-spanning protein) of Cyclotella cryptica (CcSAP2) was identified as a key gene in frustule morphogenesis. Thus, it was overexpressed and knocked down, respectively. The frustule of the overexpress lines showed no obvious alteration in morphology compared to the wild type (WT), while the size, specific surface area (BET), pore volume, and pore diameter of the knockdown strains changed greatly. Particularly, the knockdown frustules achieved a more pronounced coagulation effect and in vivo hemostatic performance than the WT strains. Such observations suggested that silicalemma proteins are ideal genetic encoding targets for manipulating frustule morphology associated hemostatic properties. Furthermore, the Mantel test was adopted to identify the key morphologies associated with C. cryptica bleeding control. Finally, based on our results and recent advances, the mechanism of frustule morphogenesis was discussed. Conclusion This study explores a new strategy for enhancing the hemostatic efficiency of the frustule based on genetic morphology modification and may provide insights into a better understanding of the frustule morphogenesis mechanism.

Abstract UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) is a key enzyme for polysaccharide synthesis, and its role in plants and bacteria is well established; however, its functions in unicellular microalgae remain ill-defined. Here, we perform bioinformatics, subcellular localization as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses to elucidate the functions of two UGPs (UGP1 and UGP2) in the model microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Despite differences in amino acid sequence, substrate specificity, and subcellular localization between UGP1 and UGP2, both enzymes can efficiently increase the production of chrysolaminarin (Chrl) or lipids by regulating carbon flux distribution without impairing growth and photosynthesis in transgenic strains. Productivity evaluation indicate that UGP1 play a bigger role in regulating Chrl and lipid production than UGP2. In addition, UGP1 enhance antioxidant capacity, whereas UGP2 is involved in sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) synthesis in P. tricornutum. Taken together, the present results suggest that ideal microalgal strains can be developed for the industrial production of Chrl or lipids and lay the foundation for the development of methods to improve oxidative stress tolerance in diatoms.

In this paper, the active peptides were obtained from Acetes chinensis with protease, and then the immunoregulatory function and mechanism of them on the immunosuppressed mice were explored by establishing an immunosuppressive mouse model. Mice were randomly divided into six groups: Normal control group, model group, positive control group and low, medium and high dose groups, among which, the dose groups were given 0.25 g· kg−1 BW, 0.5 g·kg−1 BW, 1.0 g·kg−1 BW A. chinensis active peptide. The results showed that the body weight of the immunosuppressed mice in dosegroups was significantly increased (P

Abstract Background At present, the conventional methods for determining photosynthetic products of microalgae are usually based on a large number of cell mass to reach the measurement baseline, and the result can only reveal the average state at the population level, which is not feasible for large-scale and rapid screening of specific phenotypes from a large number of potential microalgae mutants. In recent years, single-cell Raman spectra (SCRS) has been proved to be able to rapidly and simultaneously quantify the biochemical components of microalgae. However, this method has not been reported to analyze the biochemical components of Cyclotella cryptica (C. cryptica). Thus, SCRS was first attempt to determine these four biochemical components in this diatom. Results The method based on SCRS was established to simultaneously quantify the contents of polysaccharide, total lipids, protein and Chl-a in C. cryptica, with thirteen Raman bands were found to be the main marker bands for the diatom components. Moreover, Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) models based on full spectrum can reliably predict these four cellular components, with Pearson correlation coefficient for these components reached 0.949, 0.904, 0.801 and 0.917, respectively. Finally, based on SCRS data of one isogenic sample, the pairwise correlation and dynamic transformation process of these components can be analyzed by Intra-ramanome Correlation Analysis (IRCA), and the results showed silicon starvation could promote the carbon in C. cryptica cells to flow from protein and pigment metabolism to polysaccharide and lipid metabolism. Conclusions First, method for the simultaneous quantification of the polysaccharide, total lipid, protein and pigment in single C. cryptica cell are established. Second, the instant interconversion of intracellular components was constructed through IRCA, which is based on data set of one isogenic population and more precision and timeliness. Finally, total results indicated that silicon deficiency could promote the carbon in C. cryptica cells to flow from protein and pigment metabolism to polysaccharide and lipid metabolism.

Surfaces with light-trapping structures are widely used in solar cells to enhance light capturing and to transform efficiency. The study of light-trapping character is important for light-trapping structures in solar cells. In the present study, the light-trapping character for the regular hemisphere pit arrays (RHPAs) in solar cells was intensively investigated in terms of reducing light reflection, suppressing light escape, and increasing the length of the optical path. Results show that the RHPAs can decrease surface reflectivity by ~54% compared with the plane structure, and can reflect ~33% of the light that has not been absorbed back into the absorption layer of the solar cell. The total optical path of the cell with the RHPAs structure remarkably increased from 2ω to 4ω. To verify the theoretical research conclusions, we produced the glass structure samples with different aspect ratios by using micro/nanometer-processing technology. The reflection ratios for silicon wafers covered by plane and RHPAs glass samples were tested. The test results were compared with the theoretical calculation results, which showed consistency.

Multiple treatments of unresectable advanced or metastatic melanoma have been licensed in the adjuvant setting, causing tremendous interest in developing neoadjuvant strategies for melanoma. Eligible studies included those that compared overall survival/progression-free survival/grade 3 or 4 adverse events in patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic melanoma. Seven eligible randomized trials with nine publications were included in this study. Direct and network meta-analysis consistently indicated that nivolumab+ipilimumab, nivolumab, and trametinib could significantly improve overall survival and progression-free survival compared to ipilimumab in advanced melanoma patients. Compared to ipilimumab, nivolumab, dacarbazine, and ipilimumab+gp100 had a reduced risk of grade 3/4 adverse reactions. The nivolumab+ipilimumab combination had the highest risk of adverse events, followed by ipilimumab+dacarbazine and trametinib. Combination therapy was more beneficial to improve overall survival and progression-free survival than monotherapy in advanced melanoma treatment, albeit at the cost of increased toxicity. Regarding the overall survival/progression-free survival, ipilimumab+gp100 ranked below ipilimumab+dacarbazine and nivolumab+ipilimumab, although it had a smaller rate of grade 3 or 4 AEs than other treatments (except nivolumab). Nivolumab is the optimum adjuvant treatment for unresectable advanced or metastatic melanoma with a good risk-benefit profile. In order to choose the best therapy, clinicians must consider the efficacy, adverse events, and physical status.

Benthic diatoms are the main primary producers and are sensitive to environmental changes in the estuarine ecosystem. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate the impact of environmental stress on the benthic diatom community in the estuarine ecosystem. In this study, the sediment samples from the five sampling sites were collected from the Yellow River Delta in the four seasons, and the abundance of benthic diatoms were determined using the high-throughput sequencing of 18S rRNA genes. The results showed that the motile guild taxa, such as Navicula, Nitzschia, and Amphora, was dominated in the benthic diatom the community throughout the sampling period. The structure of the benthic diatom community was significantly different among seasons (ANOSIM P < 0.01), especially between summer and winter. Redundancy analysis showed that water temperature and the concentrations of silicate, nitrate, ammonium, and pH value are the main driving factors shaping the seasonal assembly of the benthic diatom community. The results will improve knowledge about the benthic diatom community in the estuarine ecosystem and provide a theoretical foundation for estuary environmental management.

Microalgae are considered promising resources for producing a variety of high-value-added products, especially for lipids and pigments. Alkalophilic microalgae have more advantages than other microalgae when cultured outdoors on a large scale. The present study investigated the comprehensive effects of different nitrogen concentrations on fucoxanthin (Fx), lipids accumulation and the fatty acid profile of the alkaliphilic microalgae Nitzschia sp. NW129 to evaluate the potential for simultaneous production of Fx and biofuels. Fx and Lipids amassed in a coordinated growth-dependent manner in response to various concentrations, reaching 18.18 mg g–1 and 40.67% dry weight (DW), respectively. The biomass of Nitzschia sp. NW129 was 0.58 ± 0.02 g L–1 in the medium at the concentration of 117.65 mM. The highest productivities of Fx (1.44 mg L–1 d–1) and lipid (19.95 ± 1.29 mg L–1 d–1) were obtained concurrently at this concentration. Furthermore, the fatty acid methyl esters revealed excellent biofuel properties with an appropriate value of the degree unsaturation (49.97), cetane number (62.72), and cold filter plugging point (2.37), which met the European standards for biofuel production (EN14214). These results provided a reliable strategy for further industrialization and comprehensive production of biofuel and Fx by using the alkaliphilic microalgal Nitzschia sp. NW129.

Background: Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has significantly prolonged patient survival. However, ccRCC displays an extreme heterogenous characteristic and metastatic tendency, which limit the benefit of targeted or immune therapy. Thus, identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC is of great importance. Method: Pan cancer datasets, including the expression profile, DNA methylation, copy number variation, and single nucleic variation, were introduced to decode the aberrance of copper death regulators (CDRs). Then, FDX1 was systematically analyzed in ccRCC to evaluate its impact on clinical characteristics, prognosis, biological function, immune infiltration, and therapy response. Finally, in vivo experiments were utilized to decipher FDX1 in ccRCC malignancy and its role in tumor immunity. Result: Copper death regulators were identified at the pancancer level, especially in ccRCC. FDX1 played a protective role in ccRCC, and its expression level was significantly decreased in tumor tissues, which might be regulated via CNV events. At the molecular mechanism level, FDX1 positively regulated fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, FDX1 overexpression restrained ccRCC cell line malignancy and enhanced tumor immunity by increasing the secretion levels of IL2 and TNFγ. Conclusions: Our research illustrated the role of FDX1 in ccRCC patients’ clinical outcomes and its impact on tumor immunity, which could be treated as a promising target for ccRCC patients.

High-quality α-FeOOH nanorods/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. Crystal structure and optical properties of the composites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, Raman, UV–vis, PL. These results of characterization showed that the composites were successfully prepared. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the composites were investigated by Z-scan technique under 30 ps laser at 532 nm wavelength with 10 Hz repetition. The composites had larger third-order NLO susceptibility compared to pure α-FeOOH nanorods and RGO nanosheets. The enhancement of NLO performance benefited from synergistic effect of local field effect and charge transfer between α-FeOOH nanorods and RGO. Moreover, the composite with the α-FeOOH nanorods:RGO weight ratio of 2:1 (S3) showed the most robust NLO response. Comparing with RGO, the value of third-order NLO susceptibility χ(3) of S3 was increased by around 60 times and the saturation intensity Isat was nearly decreased by 6 times as the modulation depth M highly increased, respectively. The improved NLO property of α-FeOOH nanorods/RGO composite indicated its possible application in optical switches, mode lockers and other NLO devices.

Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa), as a malignant tumour with rapid development in recent years, significantly affects men’s health, work, life and economy. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plays an important role in the treatment of PCa and can be used as a complementary therapy in the late stage of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Though ADT targeting PCa shows an effective therapeutic effect, the underlying side effects (cognitive disorder, hot flashes, a decrease in sexuality) cannot be ignored. At present, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been widely used for patients with PCa after ADT due to its confirmed efficacy, fewer side effects and lower economic burden. However, the effectiveness of CBT for patients with PCa after ADT is still controversial. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of CBT for patients with PCa after ADT.Methods and analysis Literatures will be searched from establishment of the database to 31 May 2021 with the language restrictions of English and Chinese in eight online databases (PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, CBM, and WAN FANG). This study will include RCTs that performed CBT as the main method of the experimental group for patients with PCa after ADT. Two or more reviewers will independently conduct the selection of studies, data extraction and data analysis. The risk ratios with 95% CIs will be used to present the data synthesis result of dichotomous data, while weighted mean differences or standardised mean differences with 95% CIs will be used to present the data synthesis result of continuous data. Meanwhile, evidence quality of outcome will be assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method. Stata V.13.0 and Review Manager software V.5.3 will be used for analysis and synthesis.Ethics and dissemination This protocol is a second study based on a completed randomised controlled study. Thus, ethical approval is not required, and no additional data are available.OSF registration number DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/FUVEA

Tuning the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of graphene (G) is of great significance in nonlinear optics. In this work, Cu2Se/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites with different Cu2Se contents were prepared via a solvothermal method. The structure and morphology indicated that the Cu2Se nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the graphene nanosheets. The NLO properties of the composites with different Cu2Se contents were investigated via the Z-scan technique with a picosecond-pulse laser at 532 nm. The results showed that the Cu2Se/RGO composites had the properties of reverse saturated absorption (RSA) and positive nonlinear refraction, and their NLO properties could be effectively regulated by controlling the Cu2Se contents. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the Cu2Se/RGO composite with a 1.5:1 mass ratio of Cu2Se to graphene oxide could reach 6.52 × 10−11 esu, which increased five-fold compared to G. The introduction of Cu2Se improved the NLO response of G, which might be attributed to the content effect of Cu2Se in the composites and the synergistic effects stemming from charge transfer between the Cu2Se and RGO This paper lays a foundation for the further study on the applications of the Cu2Se/RGO composite materials in NLO devices.

An active TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) catalytic sensor based on Janus upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP)-functionalized micromotor capsules, displaying “on–off” luminescence with a low limit of detection has been developed. The Janus capsule motors were fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly of UCNP-functionalized polyelectrolyte microcapsules, followed by sputtering of a platinum layer onto one half of the capsule. By catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen bubbles, the Janus UCNP capsule motors are rapidly propelled with a speed of up to 110 μm s−1. Moreover, the Janus motors display efficient on–off luminescent detection of TNT. Owing to the unique motion of the Janus motor with bubble generation, the likelihood of collision with TNT molecules and the reaction rate between them are increased, resulting in a limit of detection as low as 2.4 ng mL−1 TNT within 1 minute. Such bubble-propelled Janus UCNP capsule motors have great potential for contaminated water analysis.

Antimony sulfide/reduced graphene oxide (Sb2S3/RGO) nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile, one-step solvothermal method. XRD, SEM, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the uniform distribution of Sb2S3 nanoparticles on the surface of graphene through partial chemical bonds. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of Sb2S3, RGO, and Sb2S3/RGO samples were investigated by using the Z-scan technique under Nd:YAG picosecond pulsed laser at 532 nm. The results showed that pure Sb2S3 particles exhibited two-photon absorption (TPA), while the Sb2S3/RGO composites switched to variable saturated absorption (SA) properties due to the addition of different concentrations of graphene. Moreover, the third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of the composites were also tunable with the concentration of the graphene. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the Sb2S3/RGO sample can achieve 8.63 × 10−12 esu. The mechanism for these properties can be attributed to the change of the band gap and the formation of chemical bonds supplying channels for photo-induced charge transfer between Sb2S3 nanoparticles and the graphene. These tunable NLO properties of Sb2S3/RGO composites can be applicable to photonic devices such as Q-switches, mode-locking devices, and optical switches.

In order to select excellent strains with high CO2 fixation capability on a large scale, nine Spirulina species were cultivated in columnar photobioreactors with the addition of 10% CO2. The two species selected (208 and 220) were optimized for pH value, total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and phosphorus content with intermittent CO2 addition in 4 m2 indoor raceway ponds. On the basis of biomass accumulation and CO2 fixation rate in the present study, the optimum pH, DIC, and phosphate concentration were 9.5, 0.1 mol L−1, and 200 mg L−1 for both strains, respectively. Lastly, the two strains selected were semi-continuously cultivated successfully for CO2 mitigation in 605 m2 raceway ponds aerated with food-grade CO2 purified from a coal chemical flue gas on a large scale. The daily average biomass dry weight of the two stains reached up to 18.7 and 13.2 g m−2 d−1, respectively, suggesting the two Spirulina strains can be utilized for mass production.

The composite of graphene and semiconductor nanoparticles has attracted increasing interest in the search for novel nonlinear optical materials. Herein, composites of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and SnO _2 nanoparticles with different mass ratios were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method. The structural morphology and basic physical properties of the SnO _2 /RGO composites were characterized using TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, XPS and UV–Vis spectra, indicating that SnO _2 nanoparticles were uniformly anchored on the surface of graphene nanosheets through covalent and partial-ionic bonds. The third-order optical nonlinearities of the composites were studied for the first time by the Z-scan technique using a picosecond laser at 532 nm. It was found that the composites demonstrated saturable absorption and positive nonlinear refraction properties, and both were significantly enhanced compared with pure SnO _2 nanoparticles and RGO nanosheets, and the enhancement was tunable with the variation of SnO _2 :GO mass ratio. The maximum saturable absorption coefficient and the third-order susceptibility of the as-prepared SnO _2 /RGO composites were obtained to be −2.93×10 ^–11 m W ^−1 and 2.25 × 10 ^–11 esu, respectively. The maximum saturable absorption modulation depth obtained was 10% with the corresponding saturation light intensity of 0.3 GW cm ^−2 . Moreover, the optimised third-order susceptibility of SnO _2 /RGO was found much greater than many other materials ever studied. Several involved factors contributing to the nonlinearities were discussed. The results propose that the third-order optical nonlinearities of SnO _2 /RGO and other similarly structured composites can be potentially tuned to meet certain application requirements of nonlinear optical devices by controlling the mass ratio of semiconductor to graphene.

Tuning the third-order nonlinear properties of graphene by hybrid method is of great significance in nonlinear optics research. ZrO2/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites with different ZrO2 concentrations were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure show that ZrO2 nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of graphene nanosheets. The nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics of composites with different ZrO2 concentrations were studied by the Z-scan technique of 532 nm picosecond pulsed laser. The results showed that ZrO2/RGO composites had saturated absorption and positive nonlinear refraction characteristics. Meanwhile, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the ZrO2/RGO composite with a 4:1 mass ratio of ZrO2 to graphene oxide could reach 23.23 × 10−12 esu, which increased tenfold compared to RGO, and the nonlinear modulation depth reached 11.22%. Therefore, the NLO characteristics could be effectively adjusted by controlling the concentration of ZrO2, which lays a foundation for further research on the application of ZrO2/RGO composites in NLO devices.

ZnSe/graphene composites are produced by chemical method, and the attachment of ZnSe nanocrystals on graphene nanosheets can be confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV-vis spectroscopy. The nonlinear optical properties are investigated at 532 nm by a picosecond laser Z-scan technique. It is found that the interaction between ZnSe and graphene enhances the optical nonlinearity of ZnSe/graphene composites than single ZnSe or graphene. The increase of ZnSe size further enhances the optical nonlinearity of ZnSe/graphene.

CdSe-reduced graphene oxide (CdSe/RGO) composites were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. CdSe/RGO composites with different mass ratios were prepared. The structure and morphology of CdSe/RGO composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesis of CdSe/RGO complexes was successfully demonstrated by Fourier infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectra. CdSe nanoparticles in the CdSe/RGO composite were uniformly dispersed on the graphene surface. The study found that oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups in graphene played a decisive role in the dispersion of CdSe. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of CdSe/RGO composites were measured by a single beam Z-scan technique. The experimental results showed that composites exhibited two-photon absorption and self-focusing nonlinear refraction properties. Additionally, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the composite material was obviously enhanced, which was mainly due to the good dispersion of CdSe nanoparticles on graphene.

PURPOSE: To investigate synergistic suppression of donor liver pre-perfusion with recipient serum (RS) and cobra venom factor (CVF) treatment on hyperacute rejection (HAR) following liver xenotransplantation. METHODS: Guinea-pigs (GP, n=24) and Sprague-Dawley rats (SD, n=24) were recruited. Before transplantation, serum was collected from SD rats and used for preparation of inactivated complements. GP and SD rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=6), respectively: RS group, CVF group, RS+CVF group and control group. Orthotopic liver xenotransplantation was performed with modified two-cuff technique. The survival time and liver function of recipients, morphological and pathological changes in rat livers were investigated. RESULTS: There was no piebald like change in the recipient livers in all experiment groups. The survival time of recipients in all experiment groups was longer than that in control group (pOBJETIVO: Investigar a supressão sinérgica da pré-perfusão do doador de fígado com soro do receptor (SR) e tratamento com fator veneno de cobra (FVC) na rejeição hiperaguda (RHA) após o xenotransplante de fígado. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados Cobaias (GP, n=24) e ratos Sprague-Dawley (SD, n=24). Antes do transplante foram coletadas amostras de soro dos ratos SD e usados para a preparação dos complementos inativados. Cobaias GP e ratos SD foram randomicamente distribuídos em quatro grupos (n=6), respectivamente: grupo RS, grupo FVC, grupo SR+FVC e grupo controle. Xenotransplante ortotópico do fígado foi realizado com a técnica de dois cuffs modificados. Foram investigados o de tempo de sobrevida, a função hepática dos receptores e alterações morfopatológicas em fígados de ratos. RESULTADOS: Não houve alteração na coloração do parênquima dos fígados nos receptores. O tempo de sobrevida dos receptores em todos os grupos experimentais foi mais longo do que o grupo controle (p

The emerging evidence suggested that senescence regulator genes might involve in the progression of clear cell renal cell cancer, while the details remain larger unknown. In this work, we comprehensively investigated the function of senescence regulator genes in ccRCC across multi omics and validated the findings with experiments. ccRCC patients could be divided into SPCS1 (normal aging group) and SPCS2 (Aging disorder group). SPCS2, an aggressive subtype, comprised higher clinical stage and worse prognosis, which indicated activated oncogenic signaling pathway and metabolic signatures to prompt cancer expansion. SPCS2 subgroup owned immunocompromised status, which induced immune dysfunction and low ICI therapy response. In conclusion, senescence regulator-related signature could modify functional pathways and tumor immune microenvironment by genome mutation and pathway interaction. Rationale: The emerging evidence suggested that senescence regulator genes were involved in multi cancers, which may be utilized as new targets for cancers. However, the dysregulation and clinical impact of senescence regulator genes in clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) were still in foggy. Methods: Using multiomics data from TCGA-KIRC and other datasets, we comprehensively investigated the function of senescence regulator genes in ccRCC. ccRCC patients could be remodeled into 2 significant different groups basing on senescence regulators expression: senescence-pattern cancer subtype1 (SPCS1) and subtype2 (SPCS2). We further explored clinical characteristics, functional analysis, tumor immune microenvironment, immunotherapy response, genomic mutation and drug sensitivity between the 2 subtypes. Besides, senescence-pattern related risk model was established to determine the patient's prognosis of ccRCC. Finally, the overview of MECP2 function was investigated in multi cancers. Results: ccRCC patients could be divided into SPCS1 (normal aging group) and SPCS2 (Aging disorder group). The 2 subtypes showed significant different clinical characteristics and biological process in ccRCC. SPCS2, an aggressive subtype, comprised higher clinical stage and worse prognosis of ccRCC patients. SPCS2 subtype indicated activated oncogenic signaling pathway and metabolic signatures to prompt cancer expansion. SPCS2 subgroup owned immunocompromised status, which induced immune dysfunction and low ICI therapy response. The genome-copy numbers of SPCS2, including arm-gain and arm-loss was significantly more frequent than SPCS1. In addition, the 2 subtypes argue contrasting drug sensitivity profiles in clinical specimens and matched cell lines. Finally, we constructed a prognostic risk model consisted of each subtype's leading biomarkers, which exerted a satisfied performance for ccRCC patients. Conclusion: Senescence regulator-related signature could modify functional pathways and tumor immune microenvironment by genome mutation and pathway interaction. Senescence regulator-related molecular subtype strengthen the understanding of ccRCC' characterization and guide clinical treatment. Targeting senescence regulators may be regard as a proper way in ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]