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Jing zhao,1,2,* Yu Fu,3,* Yong Wang,1 Mingjia Bao,3 Huiling Li,1 Hongbin Qiu2 1Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiamusi, Jiamusi, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence:Hongbin Qiu, Key Laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, People’s Republic of China, Email qhbin63@163.comObjective: To investigate drug resistance and homology of pathogens that can cause infective diarrhea in East Heilongjiang, China, and provide suitable references for the clinical treatment.Methods: The process of isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria in the faeces and blood of diarrhea patients was conducted. The drug resistance of the isolated pathogenic bacteria was analyzed by VITEK 2 compact drug sensitivity analysis system, and the strain homology was determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results: From 2014 to 2018, 28 different strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 657 samples of faeces and blood, including 23 strains of Salmonella, 3 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and 2 strains of diarrheal Escherichia coli, with detection rates of 3.5%, 0.46% and 0.30% respectively. Among them, 22 strains of Salmonella exhibited significant drug resistance, with a drug resistance rate of 95.65%. A total of 11 different PFGE fingerprints of 23 Salmonella strains were also obtained, with a homology of 56.5– 100%.Conclusion: Among the various pathogens causing infective diarrhea in East Heilongjiang, China, Salmonella displayed multiple drug resistance and its distribution was found to be polymorphic.Keywords: diarrhea, pathogen, drug resistance, homology

Jia-Jun Zhang,1 Chuan-Li Zhou,1 Chong Sun,1 De-Rong Xu,1 Mei Bao,2 Yong Liu1 1Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yong LiuDepartment of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13953296687Email liuyongdr20@163.comObjective: To compare the therapeutic effect of the quadrant channel and delta large channel techniques in lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods: According to the inclusion criteria, 62 patients suffering from lumbar degenerative disease were selected for the present study, which was conducted from September 2018 to June 2020. Patients were divided into Group A (quadrant channel technology) and Group B (delta large channel technology), which comprised 28 and 34 patients, respectively. The factors compared between the two groups were operation time, length of incision, blood loss, ambulation time, length of hospitalization, visual analogue scale (VAS) preoperatively, 7 days postoperatively, and 30 days postoperatively, and Oswestry dysfunction score (ODI).Results: The length of incision, blood loss, ambulation time, and length of hospitalization stay in Group A were significantly higher compared with Group B (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in operation time, preoperative ODI index, preoperative VAS scores, and thirty-day postoperative VAS scores (P > 0.05). The seven-day postoperative VAS score, seven-day postoperative ODI index, and thirty-day postoperative ODI index of Group A were significantly higher than those of Group B (P < 0.05). The preoperative VAS score and ODI index in both groups were significantly higher compared with after operation (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Both surgical methods achieved a good clinical outcome in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. The delta large channel technique may offer some advantages over quadrant channel technology, such as less trauma and bleeding and faster recovery time.Keywords: quadrant channel, delta large channel technique, lumbar degenerative diseases

Jinghan Shi, 1,* Weiqing Gu, 2,* Yanfeng Zhao, 1 Junjie Zhu, 1 Gening Jiang, 1 Minwei Bao, 1 Jingyun Shi 3 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Minwei BaoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 138 1808 9090Email even0123@hotmail.comJingyun ShiDepartment of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 136 7170 1139Email Shijingyun89179@126.comObjective: The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene is a key oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance of EML4-ALK fusion gene in patients with surgically resected adenocarcinoma.Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics of 1056 consecutive patients with surgically resected stage I–IIIA adenocarcinoma were collected from February 2014 to October 2014, and EML4-ALK rearrangement was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology. To compare the imaging and pathological features, a propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed. The follow-up information was collected to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with EML4-ALK rearrangement.Results: The prevalence of EML4-ALK rearrangement was 6.6% in 1056 consecutive patients. A total of 70 EML4-ALK-positive and 210 EML4-ALK-negative patients were identified after PSM. Imaging and pathological analyses showed that EML4-ALK rearrangement was significantly associated with less ground-glass opacity (GGO) (adjusted OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.03– 1.85, Ptrend=0.029) and higher prevalence of non-invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma mucin-laden adenocarcinomas (non-IMA MLA, adjusted OR=6.79, 95% CI=2.69– 17.17, P< 0.001). EML4-ALK rearrangement was found to be an unfavorable prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) in female patients (HR=2.26, 95% CI=1.13– 4.53, P=0.021).Conclusion: Our results suggest that adenocarcinomas harboring EML4-ALK fusion gene exhibit specific radiological and pathological characteristics compared with EML4-ALK-negative adenocarcinomas. In female patients, EML4-ALK rearrangement was associated with shorter DFS.Keywords: adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, survival

Sheng-Long Li,1,* Fang-Yan Jing,1–3,* Li-Li Ma,2,3 Li-Li Guo,2,3 Feng Na,2,3 Sheng-Li An,4 Yan Ye,5 Jun-Ming Yang,1 Ming Bao,1 Dong Kang,1 Xiao-Lan Sun,1 Yong-Jian Deng2,3 1Department of Anorectal Surgery, 2Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, 3Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 4Department of Biostatistics, Southern Medical University, 5Department of General Surgery, Xintang Hospital, Zengcheng, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: The etiology and pathogenesis of hemorrhoids is unclear, although hemorrhoids are a worldwide disease in men and women, with peak prevalence at 45–65 years of age. Hemorrhoidal cushions as the anal venous plexi are normal anatomical structures from infancy. This study attempts to reveal the angiodysplasia and other pathological changes in association with different degrees of symptomatic hemorrhoids.Materials and methods: A total of 281 patients with internal hemorrhoids from degree I to IV underwent hemorrhoidectomy. The vascular changes were analyzed by microscopic assessment and software analysis, with Masson’s trichrome, CD34, and smooth muscle actin.Results: The hemorrhoidal tissues exhibited abnormal vessels in the mucosae and submucosae that we termed them as myofibrotic malformation vessels (MMVs). MMVs are not ascribed to arteries or veins because they exhibit enlarged and tortuous lumens with smooth muscle dysplasia and fibrotic deposition in the walls without overlying mucosal ulceration. The muscularis mucosae also showed smooth muscle dysplasia and fibrosis, even if it were interrupted by the intruding MMVs. The statistical data indicated that the severity of all the changes correlate positively with the progression of hemorrhoids (P

Background: The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) is related with good prognosis of various cancers including bladder cancer. The majority of bladder tumors are identified as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) when they are discovered in their early stages. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value and clinical relevance of TLS in NMIBC. Materials and Methods: This cohort included 130 NMIBC samples, with 39 (30%) having TLS, as confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. The chi-square test was utilized to examine the relationship between TLS and the biomarkers and clinicopathologic characteristics of NMIBC. Results: It was found that TLS has significant association with pT stage, Ki-67 expression, and COX-2 expression. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test, we found that the presence of TLS is associated with longer recurrencefree survival and overall survival of NMIBC patients. Moreover, we used bioinformatics to analyze the association of TLS marker L1CAM and bladder cancer. L1CAM is downregulated in bladder cancer, linked to an advanced stage of the disease, and indicates a poorer prognosis for those who have bladder cancer. In bladder cancer, there is a positive correlation between its expression and B cell infiltration. We also indicated that NMIBC with TLS have a higher level of TLS than that without TLS. Conclusion: To conclude, the presence of TLS is an important favorable prognostic indicator in NMIBC. A further understanding on TLS can provide new insights to improve immunotherapy for bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous increase in the installed capacity of gas turbine units， the coupling between electric grids and gas networks has become increasingly tight， forming an integrated electricity-gas system （IEGS）. As the proportion of renewable energy generation continues to rise and the discrepancy between peak and off-peak loads widens， the supply-demand imbalance in the IEGS becomes more severe. Therefore， the economic dispatch model of a two-stage IEGS considering the flexibility of gas turbine units is constructed. Firstly， given the constraints of gas network pressure on line pack， this paper proposes a flexibility evaluation model for gas turbine units that takes into consideration the impact of the natural gas system. It also establishes a modulation range index for the gas turbine units to assess their maximum adjustability. Then， the maximum adjustability of the gas turbine units is incorporated into the output constraints of the gas turbines in the power system. Based on the power system dispatch model， the paper aims to minimize the total operational cost. Lastly， the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified using the IEEE 39-node power system and Belgium 20-node natural gas system.

Background Using discrete choice experiment (DCE) to study the employment preference of health personnel to choose jobs can provide scientific and efficient basis for the formulation of policies related to the attraction and retention of health personnel in rural and remote areas. Objective To review, summarize and generalize the researches on the application of DCE to the field of human resources for health, so as to provide reference for future research. Methods Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were systematically searched for literature related to DCE application to the field of health human resources from February to April in 2022. The data of included studies such as study objectives, data analysis models, the choice item settings and results were extracted. Results A total of 44 papers published from 2000 to 2020 were finally included. The study objects were mainly health workers in service and students; six studies were labeled and others were unlabeled in the included papers; the number of working attributes ranged from 4 to 8; the number of levels of working attributes was predominantly 2 to 4 (88.6%, 39/44). The teamwork of general practitioners and workload were used as working attributes in the studies in high-income countries; the most frequently selected working attribute in studies from low-and middle-income countries was housing (21 times), followed by essential equipment such as facilities and medications (19 times), and learning/training opportunities (16 times). Income (salary) was incorporated into the working attributes across the literature. Furthermore, we formulated a framework of working attributes containing four aspects: social aspects, including the hospital volume, social support/respect, identification (establishment or becoming a permanent employee) ; working aspects, including working location, working conditions, workload, working (management) atmosphere, teamwork, mentoring by supervisors (for primary health workers) ; career development aspects, including years of promotion, training (continuing education) opportunities, academic and research opportunities; life aspects, including income, housing, traffic, and children's education. Mixed Logit Model was the frequently used analytical model (19 times), followed by Conditional Logit Model (9 times), Generalized Multinomial Logit Model (3 times) . Conclusion The heterogeneity of research findings in this field is large, making it difficult to draw uniform conclusions. Moreover, the application of DCE in the field of human resources for health still needs to be promoted globally. Relevant studies are very limited and the evidence obtained needs to be confirmed by further research.

Single-phase hexagonal close-packed structure of the ScYLaGdTbDyHoErLu high-entropy alloy was studied in detail. The applicability of the rule of mixture was analyzed with respect to the lattice constant, mechanical parameters, elastic properties, melting point, and hardness of the alloy. Significant tension-compression asymmetry has been found and explained by the strength differential effect during the uniaxial tests. Numerous deformation twins and high densities of stacking faults can be observed from the morphological characterization by a transmission electron microscope, which governs the main deformation mechanism during the plastic deformation in the current high-entropy alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study is the first time devoted to seek an online optimal tracking solution for unknown nonlinear singularly perturbed systems based on single network adaptive critic (SNAC) design. Firstly, a novel identifier with more efficient parametric multi-time scales differential neural network (PMTSDNN) is developed to obtain the unknown system dynamics. Then, based on the identification results, the online optimal tracking controller consists of an adaptive steady control term and an optimal feedback control term is developed by using SNAC to solve the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation online. New learning law considering filtered parameter identification error is developed for the PMTSDNN identifier and the SNAC, which can realize online synchronous learning and fast convergence. The Lyapunov approach is synthesized to ensure the convergence characteristics of the overall closed loop system consisting of the PMTSDNN identifier, the SNAC and the optimal tracking control policy. Three examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the investigated method.

This study leverages the GSE4386 dataset, obtained from atrial tissue samples post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, to investigate the impact of anesthetic agents (sevoflurane and propofol) on gene expression and immune cell infiltration.

Monitoring the surface displacement of coal mine tunnel is very important to ensure the safe and stable operation of the mine. By combining the downsampling algorithm based on the normal vector of point cloud with the multiscale model-to-model point cloud comparison algorithm, the feature extraction and integrity monitoring of tunnel surface can be realized. The three-dimensional laser point cloud obtained by the three-dimensional laser scanner is used to reconstruct the roadway surface, and the three-dimensional point cloud model is obtained. The point cloud comparison algorithm is used to process the two periods of point cloud data in different periods. The color value is used to represent the regional change of coal mine tunnel displacement, which is applied to the actual tunnel surface displacement monitoring. The research shows that the down-sampling algorithm based on point cloud normal vector and M3C2 algorithm are combined to successfully extract the feature area and realize the overall monitoring of tunnel surface displacement. This method can directly reflect the deformation area of tunnel surface, and its performance is better than that of directly applying M3C2 algorithm in tunnel.

To enhance the flattening quality and efficiency of plates and realize intelligent flattening, in this work, machine vision is utilized in place of manual recognition to realize accurate recognition of the three-dimensional (3D) contour of warped plates. Modeling research on the relevant processes of point cloud recognition, surface fitting, and flattening process is conducted. A structured light camera is utilized to obtain the point cloud data of the 3D contour of warped plates, and the recognition accuracy is found to meet the requirements of the flattening of the warped plate. Preprocessing of the point cloud data is conducted. The ground point cloud is segmented from the point cloud of the warped plate based on a shape model method. The inner outline of the ground point cloud is extracted, and afterward, the warped plate at any position is converted into a new pose, with the plate center serving as the origin of the camera coordinate system and the plate edge being parallel to the coordinate axis. It provides a foundation for acquiring the warped plate distribution in the coordinate system of the flattening machine, but it also facilitates subsequent point cloud denoising, which is conducted using conditional filters and distance-based techniques. Finally, the point cloud is simplified to enhance the computational efficiency using the principle of sparse sampling points. The 3D surface of the warped plate is reconstructed using the least-squares method. The curvature of the warped plate is computed using the surface theory in differential geometry, and the positions of the warped plate’s pad and pressing points are optimized based on the 3D surface features. Based on the three-point bending leveling theory, the screw-down force and displacement of warped plate are obtained. In comparison to the conventional modeling research of the flattening process based on the two-dimensional warping contour, we establish a reconstruction method of the warped plate’ 3D contour and a curvature model and determine the optimization principles for the positions of the pad plate and pressing point thereby providing theoretical models for intelligent flattening of plates. A finite element model of the flattening of the warped plate demonstrates that the deviation between the simulation and theoretical results for the flattening force is less than 5.4%, and the residual warping height is about 1 mm, indicating the reliability of the theoretical model. The deviation between the simulation and theoretical screw-down force is about 2.21%, and the unevenness decreased from 17.2 to 3.28 mm·m−1, demonstrating that the models and methods are relatively accurate and feasible.