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Highlights The capacitive energy‐storage capacity of most emerging devices rapidly diminishes with increasing temperature, making high‐temperature dielectrics particularly desirable in modern electronic systems. In this work, calcium niobate (Ca2Nb3O10, CNO) nanosheets have been added into poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP), PVHP), forming PVHP/CNO nanocomposites with exceptional temperature stability and ultrahigh energy storage density. Especially, at 80°C and 450 MV/m, the PVHP/0.3 wt%CNO nanocomposite shows an excellent Wrec of 10.81 J/cm3 which is higher than previous PVDF‐based composite films at high temperatures. Because of the high dielectric permittivity of CNO nanosheets and the way that the parallel organization of the nanosheets blocks the course of electrical trees, nanocomposites exhibit greater dielectric constants and breakdown field strengths simultaneously. These findings, will be helpful in the development of flexible, high‐energy‐density capacitors that have stable performance at high temperatures. A record‐high high‐temperature Wrec is obtained. Excellent temperature stability from 25 to 80°C is achieved. The incorporation of Ca2Nb3O10 nanosheets significantly enhances Eb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The number of smokers worldwide increased greatly during the past decades and reached 1.14 billion in 2019, becoming a leading risk factor for human health. Tobacco smoking has wide effects on human genetics, epigenetics, transcriptome, and gut microbiome. Although many studies have revealed effects of smoking on host transcriptome, research on the relationship between smoking, host gene expression, and the gut microbiome is limited. Aims and Methods We first explored transcriptome and metagenome profile differences between smokers and nonsmokers. To evaluate the relationship between host gene expression and gut microbiome, we then applied bidirectional mediation analysis to infer causal relationships between smoking, gene expression, and gut microbes. Results Metagenome and transcriptome analyses revealed 71 differential species and 324 differential expressed genes between smokers and nonsmokers. With smoking as an exposure variable, we identified 272 significant causal relationships between gene expression and gut microbes, among which there were 247 genes that mediate the effect of smoking on gut microbes. Pathway-based enrichment analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in heme metabolic pathway, which mainly mediated the changes of Bacteroides finegoldii and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 9_1_43BFAA. Additionally, by performing metabolome data analysis in the Integrated Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) database, we verified the correlation between the intermediate products of the heme metabolism pathway (porphobilinogen, bilirubin, and biliverdin) and gut microbiome. Conclusions By investigating the bidirectional interaction between smoking-related host gene expression and gut microbes, this study provided evidence for the mediation of smoking on gut microbes through co-involvement or interaction of heme metabolism. Implications By comparing the metagenome and transcriptome sequencing profiles between 34 smokers and 33 age- and gender-matched nonsmokers, we are the first to reveal causal relationships among tobacco smoking, host gene expression, and gut microbes. These findings offer insight into how smoking affects gut microbes through host gene expression and metabolism, which highlights the importance of heme metabolism in modulating the effects of smoking on gut microbiome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single‐benzene fluorophores have attracted increasing interest owing to their simple molecular structure and unique photophysical properties. Developing novel single‐benzene fluorophores with facile synthesis, bright and tunable dual‐state emissions, and diversified functions is highly desirable. Herein, a strategy of controlling electron density on amino of 2,5‐diaminoterephthalates is proposed to modulate their dual‐state emission, acidichromism, Cu2+ detection, and lipid droplets (LDs) staining. A series of efficient dual‐state single‐benzene fluorophores based on 2,5‐diaminoterephthalate skeleton with tunable emissions in blue to red region and large Stokes shifts is facilely developed. The obtained fluorophores with various substituents on amino groups exhibit different acidichromism property. Two of fluorophores (ABB and ABM) with high electron density on amino groups exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity toward Cu2+ detection with a ratiometric and “turn‐off” fluorescence mechanism for ABM and ABB, respectively. The limit of detection for Cu2+ is determined to be 1.40 × 10−7 and 4.35 × 10−9 mol L−1 for ABB and ABM, respectively. Moreover, three of fluorophores (ABT, ABB, and ABM) with green to red emission display superior LDs‐targeting capability with high specificity, and brightness. This molecular design philosophy provides a new way of designing highly bright dual‐state fluorophores for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Qinling Orogenic Belt (QOB) is a composite orogenic belt located between the North China Craton (NCC) and the South China Block (SCB), and formed as a result of multiple episodes of collision and accretion. Although the tectonic history of the QOB has been extensively studied and reviewed, the evolution of the belt remains controversial. This contribution mainly reviews the geological, geochemical, and geochronological data of all the Early Palaeozoic intrusive and volcanic rocks of different genetic types in different tectonic units of the QOB and investigates their tectonic implications, together with the records of sediments, fossils and metamorphic rocks, to synthesize a new model for the Early Palaeozoic tectonic framework of the QOB. The QOB contains four discrete tectonic units (from north to south): the southern margin of the NCC, the North Qinling Terrain (NQT), the South Qinling Terrain (SQT), and the northern margin of the SCB. The Kuanping Ocean (represented by the Kuanping suture between the NQT and NCC) was a long-lived ocean rather than a backarc basin. Southward subduction of the Kuanping oceanic slab probably had begun before the Neoproterozoic and continued until the closure of the oceanic basin during the Early Palaeozoic. The subsequent retreat of the subducting slab caused the exhumation of deeply subducted arc volcanic rocks, forming high-pressure – ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks at 500 My and the Erlangping backarc basin later. The closure of this basin and the subsequent collision between the NQT and NCC occurred at ca. 440 Ma. The Shangdan Ocean was a proto-Tethyan Ocean that had existed as early as the Neoproterozoic, the oceanic slab eventually underwent northward subduction towards the NQT at ca. 520 Ma, and this ocean closed by ca. 420 Ma. Marginal rifting and tectonic extension within the northern margin of the SCB formed the Mianlue oceanic basin during the Early Devonian. The complex interactions between the four discrete tectonic units within the QOB also led to the multiple-phase Early Palaeozoic metamorphic events, with the closure of the Kuanping, Erlangping, and Shangdan oceanic basins resulting in the HP – UHP and granulite- and amphibolite-facies metamorphism occurred at ca. 500, ca. 440, and 420 Ma, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]