Search

Objective To investigate the change of HO-1 expression in adipose tissue of obese young SD rats as well as its relationship with macrophage infiltration and polarization. Methods Three-week old SD rats (n=24) were randomly divided into 2 groups, routine diet group (NC) and high fat diet group (FC). After feeding 4 weeks, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), fasting glucose and insulin were compared between these two groups and the insulin resistance index was calculated. The gene expressions of HO-1, IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 were assessed by quantitative PCR. Infiltration and polarization of macrophages and M2 macrophages in the visceral adipose tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results The levels of FINS, FBG and HOMA-IR in rats of FC group were higher than those of rats in NC group after 4 weeks feeding (P < 0.05). The level of HO-1, IL-6, MCP-1 in rats from FC group were significantly higher while level of IL-10 were lower compared with those in rats from NC group after 4 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). In samples from FC groups, more macrophages were detected in adipose tissue by DAB staining than those from NC group. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in MOD value of F4/80 and CD206 between these two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The infiltration of macrophage in visceral adipose tissue of obese young SD rats significantly increased while HO-1 expression was reactively increased. This insinuated that HO-1 might play an important role in anti-inflammatory mechanism through regulating polarization of macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an emerging class of porous crystalline material, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have received considerable research interests in terms of exploring new architectures and functions. Herein, we developed an unprecedented "H-shaped" monomer, upon self-polycondensation, which facilely produced a benzoimidazole-based COF (H-BIm-COF) with a rarely reported brick-wall topology. H-BIm-COF displayed high crystallinity, nano-sized porosity, and high thermal and chemical stabilities. Interestingly, H-BIm-COF based membranes showed selective permeability towards different solvents, which related to the size and polarity of the guest molecule. Additionally, initial study suggested the COF displayed excellent rejection efficiency towards ionic dyes, for example chromium black T (99.7 %) and rhodamine B (97.3 %). This work provides insights into developing new topological COFs by designing monomers with new configurations., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

A new copper-catalyzed selective synthesis of N 1 - and N 2 -oxyalkylated 1,2,3-triazoles has been developed through a three-component reaction of alkynes, TMSN 3 , and ethers. Through this methodology, a series of N 1 - and N 2 -oxyalkylated 1,2,3-triazoles could be efficiently and regioselectively obtained from simple and readily available starting materials with favorable functional group tolerance.

A novel and efficient visible-light-induced C(sp 2 )-H/N-H cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC)-amination with both primary and secondary aliphatic amines at room temperature in air is developed. This photocatalytic reaction allows the direct formation of 3-aminoquinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones via CDC-amination in the absence of any external oxidant added from outside. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the present reaction proceeds through a radical process.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is conceived as the pathogenic basis of an increased cardiovascular burden. We investigate the correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the risk factors of MS and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diet-induced model of MS and determined whether IL-6 was associated with the prevalence of MS and cardiovascular disease., Methods: A total of 40 Spague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into high-fat and high salt (FSC) group, high-fat (FC) group and normal control (NC) group. After feeding for 7 weeks, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FIN) were measured at the 60 min, 120 min and 180 min after the glucose administration. Blood pressure, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), liver weight, visceral fat weight as well as blood lipid profile were determined at the end of 7-week. Furthermore, IL-6 levels from adipose tissues were analyzed using ELISA, and the correlation between IL-6 and the risk factors of MS and cardiovascular disease was investigated., Results: After treatment with different diets, significant difference was noted in the WC, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat weight and liver weight of FSC group compared with those of NC group (P<0.05). The levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were markedly elevated in FSC group compared with those in NC group, while the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was remarkable lower in FSC group (P<0.05). After glucose administration, the concentrations of blood glucose and insulin were significant higher in FSC group than those in NC group at different time points (P<0.05). Moreover, high-fat and high salt diet brought about significant elevation of IL-6 compared with that with normal or high-fat diet in SD rats. Furthermore, IL-6 was significantly associated with FIN, HOMA-IR, LDL, TC, TG, HDL, visceral fat mass and body weight in FSC group, while IL-6 was markedly correlated with TC, LDL, TG, visceral fat mass and body weight (P<0.05)., Conclusion: A characteristic rat model of MS may be induced by the high-fat and high-salt diet. IL-6 may be considered as an early and representative marker in the pathogenesis of MS and related cardiovascular burden.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the exon 3 polymorphism of growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene and the responses to the recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in children with short stature., Methods: Forty-five growth hormone deficiency (GHD) children (male: 30, female: 15, aged 10.39 ± 2.73 yrs) and twenty-five idiopathic short stature (ISS) children (male: 15, female: 10, aged 10.58 ± 2.56 yrs) admitted to our hospital were included. The polymorphism of exon 3 of GHR gene was determined using multiple PCR amplification. Treatment duration for each subject was at least 12 months. On this basis, we evaluated the correlation between treatment efficiency of rhGH therapy and GHR exon 3 polymorphism, GHD, and treatment duration., Results: Significant difference was noted in the growth velocity (GV) of GHD children with a genotype of GHRfl compared with those with a genotype of GHRd3 (9.44 ± 2.35 vs. 11.36 ± 2.49, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the GV of ISS patients with a genotype of GHRfl were remarkably decreased compared with those with a genotype of GHRd3 (8.74 ± 2.36 vs. 11.18 ± 2.44, P < 0.05). For the children with peak GH response of less than 5 ng/ml, statistical difference was noted in the GV of children with a genotype of GHRfl compared with those with a genotype of GHRd3 (9.55 ± 2.76 vs. 10.84 ± 1.53, P < 0.05). For the patients with peak GH response to clonidine or pyridostigmine bromide of > 5 ng/ml, a satisfactory response to rhGH therapy was noted in children with a genotype of GHRd3 compared with those of GHRfl (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: GHRd3 was correlated with the response to rhGH therapy in children with short stature. For the patients with the same genotype, GHD caused no obvious effects on the final height. However, for the patients with peak GH response of > 5 ng/ml, a satisfactory response to rhGH therapy was noted in children with a genotype of GHRd3 compared with those of GHRfl (P < 0.05). A higher treatment efficiency was obtained in those received rhGH at an early age.