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The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link. This article examines men's dressing gowns, known as banyans, and their relation to time by examining the banyan's representation in two contrasting media. Within painted portraiture, the banyan is portrayed as timeless and immortal sartorial companion to the gentleman and scholar. However, as the body of this article addresses, within graphic satire, the banyan is represented as an accomplice to men's misuse of time. By probing the banyan's satirical representation in relation to daily life, the article exposes how the banyan was seen to subvert the temporal daily norms and rhythms of Britain's dominant sex.

Where the number of new student registrants at the Sinar Harapan Private Vocational School is unstable every year and the school has difficulty predicting how many new student registrants will be in the coming year and preparing extracurricular activities such as English/computer training or the best facilities for new students such as chairs, tables, classrooms and so on, as well as the competitiveness of private schools in the district. banyan. So we need a system that can dig up data and help predict the number of new student registrants, using data mining techniques, namely the Rough Set Algorithm which aims to get a short rule estimate from a table, in this study using student registration data in 2018, 2019, 2020. By applying data mining with the rough set algorithm and carrying out the rough set stages, it can produce decisions in the form of generating rules (knowledge), and the results of the calculation analysis are 152 students to predict the number of students in the coming year.

Aerial roots of the Banyan tree were utilized to extract completely biodegradable natural fibers with inherent antimicrobial properties which can be used as potential raw material for health and hy...

In this research work, chopped neem fibre and woven banyan fibre were stacked into seven different sequences and fabricated by the hand lay-up technique. The laminates consist of 70% epoxy matrix, ...

When the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew in South London were opened to the general public in the 1840s, they were presented as a ‘world text’: a collection of flora from all over the world, with the spectacular tropical (read: colonial) specimens taking centre stage as indexes of Britain’s imperial supremacy. However, the one exotic plant species that preoccupied the British cultural imagination more than any other remained conspicuously absent from the collection: the banyan tree, whose non-transferability left a significant gap in the ‘text’ of the garden, thereby effectively puncturing the illusion of comprehensive global command that underpins the biopolitical designs of what Richard Grove has aptly dubbed ‘green imperialism’. This article demonstrates how, in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the banyan tree became an object of fascination and admiration for British scientists, painters, writers and photographers precisely because of its obstinate non-availability to colonial control and visual or even conceptual representability.

We project banyan prop root biomass waste as an alternative zero-cost precursor for preparing activated carbon for fabricating electrodes for pseudocapacitors. Banyan prop root activated carbon (BPRAC) powder was obtained by activating the dried biomass powder in concentrated H2SO4 followed by thermal processing at 800 °C under N2 atmosphere for 1 h. Relevant physical characterization studies were done on BPRAC to assess its quality prior to examining the capacitive output in 1 M H2SO4 (acid) and 1 M Na2SO4 (neutral) electrolytes by impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling studies. The specific capacitance calculated by cyclic voltammetry in acid electrolyte is as high as 466 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. Significant electrochemical stability with 91% of the initial capacitance is retained at the end of the 500th cycle. Practical and acceptable electrochemical output (pseudocapacitance) that is tapped from BPRAC is presumed to be built upon certain favorable physical features like surface organic functional groups containing heteroatoms on the BPRAC. Thus, the ascendancy of waste biomass in energy storage devices provides a strategy for both recycling of wastes and eco-friendly capacitor electrodes.

Composite materials have always attracted interest from researchers as well as end-users at the same time, due to its flexibility and low cost. Our present study deals with the possible usage of na...

This paper deals with the testing of tensile and flexural behaviour of epoxy-reinforced natural fibre composites, for which Banyan fibres have been selected as the natural fibre. Variations are made in the orientation of the fibres to determine which orientation made the composite the strongest. The fibre strands are arranged in different orientations, such as the uniaxial, biaxial and criss-cross arrangements, to differentiate between the orientations and observe which arrangement exhibited the best mechanical behaviour. The fibres are initially washed with 0.5% weight/volume (w/v) NaOH solution, following which specimens of the composites are made using wooden moulds designed according to ASTM standards. Biaxial layers of E-glass are incorporated into the matrix in an attempt to enhance the mechanical properties of the specimen. The variances observed in the Young’s modulus are analysed to understand the factors that majorly impacted it. For a better understanding of the results, the chemical functional groups and the microstructure of the samples are analysed with the aid of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD). Additionally, predictive models are simulated using Artificial and Deep Neural Networks to recognise patterns in the data, by varying specific parameters. The results obtained indicated that Banyan fibre composites can replace conventionally-used materials and serve real-world purposes better.

Online sources, new publications and the discovery of more surviving garments add further detail and evidence for the introduction to seventeenth-century England of a new style of night gown influenced by Japanese dress, and its development through the eighteenth century. Recent literature on global trade in the decorative arts highlights the banyan as one of its key examples. Viewing Indian gowns and banyans from this perspective gives them a new context, and the examination of garments and related documents allows a refinement of the principles of the global exchange of material culture. 1

The blocking performance of extended pruned vertically stacked optical banyan (VSOB) networks under different link failure conditions has been analyzed in this paper. We applied plane fixed routing with linear search and plane fixed routing with random search algorithms to route the optical data through the network in our simulation. Our simulation results show that adding one or two extra planes to the pruned VSOB network reduces the blocking probability significantly. Beyond two extra planes, the decrease of blocking probability is not so significant. A close approximation of the minimum number of planes required to make the extended pruned vertically stacked optical banyan networks nonblocking has been presented.

The changes in the magnetic flux generated (electric, magnetic and electromagnetic waves) on the surface of earth due to sudden changes is a matter of discussion. These emissions occur along the fault line generated due to geological and tectonic processes. When sudden changes occur in the environment due to seismic and atmospheric variations, these sensing was observed by creatures and human bodies because the animals and trees adopt the abnormal signals and change the behavior. We have analyzed the changing behavior of recorded signal by live sensors (i.e. banyan tree). So we use the deep rooted and long age’s banyan tree. Banyan tree (long ages) in which root has been working as a live sensor and record the geological and environmental changes. We record the low frequency signals which propagated through solar-terrestrial environment affect directly the root system of the banyan tree and changes has been observed by live sensors. Then, VLF signal ma(y propagate to the earth-ionosphere waveguide. We have also analyzed the different parameters of live cells which is inbuilt in latex of the tree, so we record the dielectric parameters of green stem latex and found some parameters i.e., dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss (ε’) of various trees to verify these natural hazards and found good correlation. Therefore, we can say by regularly monitoring the bio-potential signal and dielectric properties of banyan tree we can able to find the precursory signature of seismic hazards and environmental changes.

The changes the magnetic flux generated (electric, magnetic and electromagnetic waves) on the surface of earth due to sudden changes is a matter of discussion. These emissions occur along the fault line generated due to geological and tectonic processes. When sudden changes occur in the environment due to seismic and atmospheric variations, these sensing was observed by creatures and human bodies because the animals and trees adopt the abnormal signals and change the behavior. We have analyzed the changing behavior of recorded signal by live sensors (i.e., banyan tree). So we use the deep-rooted and long-aged banyan tree. The root of banyan tree (long-aged) has been working as a live sensor to record the geological and environmental changes. We record the low frequency signals propagated through solar-terrestrial environment which directly affect the root system of the banyan tree and changes that have been observed by live sensors. Then, very low frequency (VLF) signal may propagate to the earth-ionosphere waveguide. We have also analyzed the different parameters of live cells which is inbuilt in latex of the tree, so we record the dielectric parameters of green stem latex and found some parameters i.e., dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss (ε’) of various trees to verify these natural hazards and found good correlation. Therefore, we can say by regularly monitoring the bio-potential signal and dielectric properties of banyan tree and we are able to find the precursory signature of seismic hazards and environmental changes.

Detergents waste containing SDS ( Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ) still becomes a major environmental problem that must be overcomed. The degradation of SDS by silver phosphate (Ag 3 PO 4 )-Red Banyan extract nanocomposite was performed under visible light. This research aimed to determine the percentage decrease in SDS concentration under visible light by using Ag 3 PO 4 facilitated extract of red banyan fruit. The Ag 3 PO 4 -Red Banyan extract nanocomposite was prepared by coprecipitation method and facilitated by a red banyan extract solvent. The result showed that the silver composite phosphate (Ag 3 PO 4 ) facilitated red banyan extract had a percentage of SDS degradation i.e. 85.9% for 2 hours. This result showed that the silver composite phosphate (Ag 3 PO 4 )-a red fruit extract becomes a promising ingredient for degrading SDS in aquatic environment environments.

Adsorption is an easy and efficient technique for phenolic wastewater treatment. The present study highlights the preparation, characterization and application of activated carbon obtained from the...

In this work, graphene was used as a filler for banyan aerial root fibers reinforced epoxy composites at various compositions. The synergetic effect of graphene and banyan fibers, on the physical a...

Banyan Commune is a community art project of Guangdong Times Museum in Guangzhou, China. The article examines how Guangdong Times Museum has positioned itself through Banyan Commune project to seek a locality in the complex flux and symbiosis of the Pearl River Delta in relation to de-Euro-American-centered art world dominance, and to build a new type of relationship with its community. By presenting several cases of Banyan Commune project and analyzing the reflections of their practice, with a focus on the anthropological and immersive mapping practice employed by the museum and the artists to learn about and to feel the community, the article explores the contexts, the connections, and the potentiality of the type of innovative community art as experimented by Banyan Commune. Keywords: community art; institutional critique; urbanization; mapping; post-globalization

Framing the classical facade of the late-nineteenth-century Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW) in Sydney, Australia, are a handful of Moreton Bay figs — enormous banyan trees native to the sout...

The paper shows the possibility to reduce energy consumption in banyan-type switching fabrics working under different control algorithms. This can be done by adopting the structure of switching fabric to the intensity of traffic offered, providing lossless operation of the switching fabric at the same time. An analytical model determining the number of planes which is required for lossless servicing the offered traffic is also presented. Results obtained from the model are compared with simulation result showing high accuracy of the proposed model. The paper demonstrates also that, when using the proposed model, the amount of saved electrical energy, consumed by a switching fabric composed of switching elements based on Mach-Zhander interferometers, starts from a few watts (for switching fabric with 64 inputs) up to 1 kW (for switching fabric with 1024 inputs).

The article discusses the strict-sense nonblocking conditions derived for thelog2⁡N-1multirate switching fabric for the discrete bandwidth model at the connection level. Architecture of thelog2⁡N-1switching fabric was described in previous study; however, conditions for the multirate discrete bandwidth model as well as comparison with different structures have not been published before. Both sufficient and necessary conditions were introduced and proved in this study. A few numerical examples which help to understand an idea of the multirate bandwidth model for thelog2⁡N-1switching fabrics were delivered as well. Additionally a comparison of achieved results to thebanyanswitching structures and a comparison of the costs of all mentioned in this study structures expressed as the number of optical elements were done.

Logic locking is a method to prevent intellectual property (IP) piracy. However, under a reasonable attack model, SAT-based methods have proven to be powerful in obtaining the secret key. In response, many locking techniques have been developed to specifically resist this form of attack. In this paper, we demonstrate two SAT modeling techniques that can provide many orders of magnitude speed up in discovering the correct key. Specifically, we consider relaxed encodings and symmetry breaking. To demonstrate their impact, we model and attack a state-of-the-art logic locking technique, Full-Lock. We show that circuits previously unbreakable within 15 days of run time can be solved in seconds. Consequently, in assessing the strength of any given locking, it is imperative that these modeling techniques be considered. To remedy this vulnerability in the considered locking technique, we demonstrate an extended version, logic-enhanced Banyan locking, that is resistant to our proposed modeling techniques.

This article examines how the literary evidence corroborates with the visual evidence for the unusual presence of Brahmā with the Buddha at the Ajapāla banyan tree of the goatherd symbolizing the Fifth of the Seven Weeks after the Enlightenment of the Buddha in the paintings of the recessed chamber in the east corridor of the Sulamani temple in Bagan in Burma. The presence of Brahmā at the Ajapāla banyan tree is puzzling, because most of the mural paintings in Burma and Sri Lanka follow the chronological order given in the Nidānakathā, and, as a result, the intervention of Brahmā pleading with the Buddha to reconsider his decision not to expound the doctrine takes place in the Eighth Week. The painting of the encounter of Brahmā and the Buddha at the banyan tree in the Sulamani temple in the Fifth Week is thus a notable exception. It is argued that the visual artist of the Sulamani temple who introduced Brahmā in an earlier than normal context knew the narratives in the Pāli Mahāvagga and in the Nidānakathā well and, to shorten a long story, selected quite wisely the Ajapāla banyan tree of the goatherd where both events took place, meaning the Fifth and Eighth Weeks.

Programming loosely connected distributed applications is a challenging endeavour. Loosely connected distributed applications such as geo-distributed stores and intermittently reachable IoT devices cannot afford to coordinate among all of the replicas in order to ensure data consistency due to prohibitive latency costs and the impossibility of coordination if availability is to be ensured. Thus, the state of the replicas evolves independently, making it difficult to develop correct applications. Existing solutions to this problem limit the data types that can be used in these applications, which neither offer the ability to compose them to construct more complex data types nor offer transactions.

This concluding chapter summarizes the main findings of the study and highlights their significance for the anthropology of Christianity and Chinese studies. Furthermore, it develops a metaphoric comparison to visualize and synthetize the unity and diversity of Nanping Christians through the specific biological features of a banyan tree.

Natural Composites are going to be future of world; recently lot of research is going at full pace globally where lot of naturally available materials is put into use for preparation of composite. One such effort has been carried out to study the properties of banyan seeds reinforced into polyester matrix. Banyan seeds typically ranging in size between 90µm to 150µm with 5%, 10%, 15% of weight is proposed to be added with polyester matrix and composite laminate are fabricated using compression molding process. Investigation was carried out to find out the mechanical properties such as flexural, tensile along with impact strength of banyan seed reinforced polymer matrix composites. Results obtained gives a nice indication that the agricultural wastes can be converted into value – added products meeting the requirements of the industries.