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In this paper, a combination algorithm called GAIPSO, which combines GA and a better version of the classic particle swarm optimization process, is used. In order to calculate the data enhancement in voltage profile, this study uses the GWO algorithm. The ideal position for the proposed charging points inside the distribution system is the goal. The received comment thread solution (site & station size) is further re-optimized by PSO, improving both the functionality and outcome overall. Studies based on simulations show that the above mentioned technique outperforms GA, GWO, and PSO in respect of an improved voltage profiles as well as the quality of the solution found for the objective function. Optimum planning for the charging station’s location and size. the IEEE 33 bus system. The suggested approach takes into consideration the IEEE 33 bus service. The received thread solutions (site and station size) is further re-optimized by PSO, improving both the performance and outcome overall.

Purpose: To estimate the effect of simvastatin gel in the osseointegration of dental implants using bone scintigraphy. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 participants with missing mandibular first molars and D2 type bone were assigned equally to two groups. Group A received 1.2% simvastatin and group B received placebo gels during the placement of implants. The participants were subjected to bone scintigraphy to determine the osteoblastic activity at baseline, 30 days, and 90 days after implant placement. Results: Group A had a significant increase in osteoblastic activity between baseline, day 30, and day 90 (P < .05), with a higher mean of 100.06% ± 21.644% on day 30. Group B had a significant increase in osteoblastic activity only between baseline and day 30 and between baseline and day 90 (P < .05). There was no difference between days 30 and 90 (P > .05), with a higher mean of 79.20% ± 18.255% on day 30. A bivariate analysis performed at different time periods revealed a significant difference between groups A and B on day 30. Conclusions: Implants placed with 1.2% simvastatin gel showed enhanced osteoblastic activity in the 4th week after implant placement, indicating that there was a faster rate of osseointegration at an early stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prosthetic rehabilitation in multifaceted dental abnormality needs sequential planning to ensure adaptation of oral and associated musculature. Reduction of tooth structure before adaptation of oral and associated components may complicate the treatment modality if compliance of the musculature is poor. Hence, the fabrication of over-provisional in esthetic rehabilitation enables to assess of the success of the treatment plan preoperatively before invasive trials. A 55-year-old male with a diagnosis of Category I loss of vertical dimension, according to Turner and Missirlian classification, required full mouth rehabilitation. The case report depicts the preoperative management of full mouth rehabilitation with direct chair-side technique using over-provisional to analyze the esthetic and functional changes. Restoration of esthetics is a complex task that needs patient satisfaction to achieve success. Over-provisional is a simplified method of establishing esthetics and functional rehabilitation. Esthetic and functional rehabilitation of an individual can be an easy transition when preoperative evaluation of the final prosthesis design is visually created intraorally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a polypropylene (PP) matrix was reinforced with ultra-fine graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), aluminum-carbon layered double hydroxides (Al-C LDHs), and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as hybrid reinforcements, along with polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) compatibilizers to create a novel thermoplastic-based hybrid composite polymer. The hybrid composite consisted of varying weight percentages of GNPs (ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 wt% in increments of 0.5), 2wt% Al-C LDH, 2wt % CaCO3, and 5wt % PP-g-MA. The bulk samples were manufactured using twin-screw extrusion followed by vertical injection molding. The developed hybrid composites were characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) for microstructural analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase identification, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for compositional analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for functional group identification. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to assess thermal stability, crystallization, and melting behavior. Mechanical tests, including tensile, compressive, and three-point bending, were conducted to evaluate mechanical properties, while a low-velocity impact test assessed impact resistance. The results showed that the hybrid composite with a PP matrix embedded with 1.5 wt% GNPs, 2 wt% Al-C LDH, and 2 wt% CaCO3 exhibited improved mechanical properties, achieving an ultimate tensile strength of approximately 45 MPa. This enhancement is attributed to the effective interconnection, bonding, and cross-linking of the reinforcements with the PP matrix, facilitating efficient load transfer, which makes it suitable for structural applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, ultra-fine graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were employed as nanofillers to reinforce a polypropylene (PP) matrix. This was done in conjunction with a polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-MAH) compatibilizer and calcium carbonate (CaCO3), with the aim of improving the mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting hybrid composites. Formulations for the hybrid composites were fabricated by compounding the PP matrix with varying weight percentages of GNPs (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0), 2 wt.% CaCO3, and 5 wt.% PP-MAH using a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding. This research thoroughly investigates the mechanical and thermal characteristics. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirm the successful development of hybrid composites. The thermal stability, crystallization temperature, melting temperature, tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), universal testing machine, and low-velocity impact tester, respectively. The results indicated a significant improvement in the tensile strength of the PP matrix with the addition of GNPs, with the highest enhancement observed at 1.5 wt.% GNP loading, where the tensile strength reached a maximum of 40.54 MPa. This improvement was attributed to the proper interconnection, bonding, and compounding of PP with GNPs, thus leading to an increase in the load transfer efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of abutment material, alveolar bone density, and occlusal forces on stress distribution around maxillary anterior implants. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted. The maxillary anterior implant was modeled using a three-dimensional finite element model in D2 and D3 bones with three different abutment materials: titanium, zirconia, and poly-ether-ether ketone (PEEK). Von Mises stress was evaluated after the application of vertical and oblique loads of 100 N, 175 N, and 250 N. Statistical analysis was done by Friedman--Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann--Whitney U test, and Kruskal-- Wallis test. The probability value <0.05 is considered a significant level. Results: Stress distribution around D3 bone was higher than D2 bone in all the abutment materials with greater values seen in oblique load than vertical load with insignificant difference (P > 0.05). Statistically insignificant stress values were seen greater in PEEK than titanium or zirconia abutment (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between 100 N and 175 N of load (P < 0.05). Conclusion: PEEK, zirconia, and titanium as abutment material in the anterior region showed similar properties. The stress on the bone was proportionately increased during the vertical and oblique loads suggesting the influence of mechanical load in crestal bone loss rather than the type of abutment material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]