Search

Bantalem Tilaye Atinafu,1 Fetene Nigussie Tarekegn,1 Getaneh Baye Mulu,1,2 Worku Misganaw Kebede,1 Yideg Abinew,3 Yalew Mossie3 1School of Nursing and Midwifery, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 2Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; 3School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Haramaya University, Harare, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Bantalem Tilaye Atinafu, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Po. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, Email bantalemtilaye@gmail.comIntroduction: Diabetic disease and its complications are major public health problems that result in long-term hospitalization, amputation, and poor quality of life for patients. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of diabetic foot ulcers among patients with chronic diabetic mellitus in northeast Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was selected using a systematic random sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a self-administered pre-tested structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS 25 for statistical analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dependent and independent variables. All variables with P-value < 0.25 were included in multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio at 95% confidence intervals and considered significant with P-value < 0.05 in final statistical significance was used to determine the level of association.Results: The overall 283 samples of diabetic cases in the follow-up were included. The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer was 7.1% (95% CI=3.92, 47.2%). Duration greater than 5 years (AOR=2.28, 95% CI=3.04, 17.69), history of ulceration (AOR=7.24, 95%, CI=1.25, 11.78), peripheral neuropathy (AOR=5.77, 95% CI=1.33, 12.155), oral hypoglycemic (AOR=3.2, 95% CI=4.02, 4.36) and insulin (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=1.75, 4.36) were found to be the significant factors of diabetic foot ulcer.Conclusion: The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer patients was 7.2% and associated with duration of diabetes mellitus, history of ulceration, peripheral neuropathy, and oral hypoglycemic medication. Therefore, attention is needed for prevention, early detection, and caring for foot ulcers.Keywords: diabetes, magnitude, Ethiopia, foot ulcer, factors

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the public neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impulsivity and restlessness or hyperactivity. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and its associated factors among children aged 6 to 17 years in Shewa Robit town, Northeastern Ethiopia,2020.METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 365 children aged 6-17 years from Feb 1-March 30, 2020, at Shewa Robit town. Systematic random sampling was employed to select study participants. Data were collected by interview using structured and pretested questionnaires. Finally, data was entered using Epi-data 4.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify associated factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated, and variables having a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULT: The prevalence of ADHD among children aged 6 to 17 years was 13%. Financial crises [AOR 4.76(95% CI 1.51-15.05)], children a previous history of the mental problem [AOR 8.45(95% CI 1.24-57.43)], C/S delivery [AOR 6.38(95% CI 1.26-32.26)] and substance use in life [AOR 2.43(95% CI 1.09-5.43)] were significantly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ADHD in children 6 to 17 years old was high (13%). Financial crises, children's history of mental disorders, C/S delivery, and lifetime substance use were significantly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, particular attention should be given to mothers and children with significant factors.

BACKGROUND: Little is known regarding the severity of anxiety and depression among palliative care patients with cancer. As a result, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of anxiety and depression and its associated factors among palliative care patients with cancer.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Black Lion Specialized Hospital oncology center on palliative care patients with cancer who had follow up. Interviews and chart reviews were used. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square were done. Multivariate analysis was done.RESULT: A total of 171 palliative care patients with cancer were involved in the study. The magnitude of anxiety and depression was found at 64.9% and 47.4%, respectively. Those palliative care patients with cancer whose age >64 years (AOR: 7.1; CI: 1.59-68.0; P =0.029), unable to write and read (AOR: 0.2; CI: 0.03-0.73;P = 0.017), secondary school (AOR: 0.3; CI: 0.11-0.83; P = 0.022) were significant factors for anxiety. Breast cancer (AOR: 0.1; CI:0.01-0.85; P = 0.021), surgery plus radiation (AOR: 0.2; CI: 0.02-0.91: P=0.024) others (radiation and surgery (AOR: 0.1; CI: 0.02-0.8: P = 0.036) were found to be significant factors for depression.Conclusion: the magnitude of anxiety and depression was 64.9% and 47.4%, respectively. Greater than 64-year-old age, unable to write and read secondary school were significant factors for anxiety. Breast cancer, surgery plus radiation, others (radiation and surgery) were found to be significant factors for depression.

Background: Hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis are commonly encountered during and after cardiac surgery. Hyperlactatemia is highly suggestive of tissue ischemia and is associated with a prolonged intensive care unit stay, a prolonged requirement for respiratory and cardiovascular support, and increased postoperative mortality. Objective: To assess hyperlactatemia and adverse outcomes among patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery at Cardiac Center Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.Method: An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was employed among all patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery from December to January 2020. Blood lactate samples were collected intraoperatively and postoperatively. We entered the collected data into Epidata version 4.2 and export it to SPSS 25 for analysis. We did descriptive statistics for categorical and continuous variables and chi-square to show an association between the outcome variable and independent variables. We entered variables fitted in bivariate analysis into multivariable analysis to show the strength of the association and the statistically significant variable.Result: The prevalence of hyperlactatemia in this study among patients who underwent cardiac surgery procedures at Cardiac Center Ethiopia was 37.5 %. A rise in lactate level prolongs ICU stay, prolongs intubation duration, and increases the need for Inotropes support. Lactate level was measured on the immediate postoperative day within 10 hours after the surgery and was defined as lactate level > 3 mmol/L in the first hour after surgery. Age > 40 years [AOR: 6.8 (95% CI 1.7-25), P=Conclusion and Recommended: An early rise in lactate levels in patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery is a strong and robust predictor of morbidity. As a result, screening of patients in the preoperative period and strict follow-up management of those factors is recommended.

Background The magnitude and impact of women's suicidal behaviors, like suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts, are an important public health problem in low and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Suicidal behavior and being overweight are typical complications of reproductive age with many undesired consequences. Despite both having a serious impact on women of reproductive age, they are neglected in Ethiopia. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the magnitude and determinants of suicide among overweight reproductive-age women in Chacha and Debre Berhan towns, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was once employed from April 1, 2020 to June 1, 2020. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to measure suicidal attempts and ideation, and the data was collected by direct interview. All collected data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariable regression models were used to determine the factors associated with a suicidal attempt and ideation. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result Of the total participants, 523 were included, with a response rate of 93.7%. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 13.0% (95% CI 10.1–15.9), whereas suicidal attempt was 2.3% (95% CI 1.1–3.6). Based on multivariable regression analysis, the odds of suicidal ideation have been higher among overweight women with stressful life events, depression, and younger age groups. Conclusion Suicidal ideation was frequent in overweight reproductive-age women. Preventing, treating, and using coping mechanisms regarding identified factors is a good way to minimize the burden of suicide.

Introduction Malnutrition is a serious problem that causes high morbidity and mortality among cancer patients. There was no sufficient empirical evidence on the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among adult cancer hospitalized patients in Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition among adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in cancer center, Ethiopia 2019. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 281 patients selected using systematic sampling among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Data were collected by patient interviews and chart reviews using a structured questioner adapted from a subjective global assessment tool. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean, median, and standard deviation were used to describe characteristics. Bivariate and multivariable analyses using logistic regression models were used. Result Of the 281 participating patients, 58.2% had malnutrition, which was higher among females (51.6%) than males (48.4%). The mean body mass index was 20.24 ± 3.6. Of all, 41.9% had moderate weight loss, 21.1% had severe weight loss and 52.3% had weight loss in the past two weeks. Stage four cancer (AOR = 7.2, 95% CI: 1.3–38.5), loss of appetite (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI; 1.5–17.2) and diarrhea (AOR = 7.8, 95% CI: 2.95–20.5) were significantly associated with malnutrition. Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition among cancer patients who receive chemotherapy was high. Stage of cancer, appetite loss, and presence of diarrhea was found to be significant factors for malnutrition., Cancer; Malnutrition; Prevalence; Risk factors; Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital; Ethiopia.

Colorectal cancer is one of the commonest cancer types that has a great public health impact both in developed and developing countries. However, in Ethiopia, the survival status of colorectal cancer patients was not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the survival status and predictors of mortality among colorectal cancer patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2019. The institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted with 621 subjects who were selected from patients registered between January 1, 2013 and December 30, 2017 with follow-up until December 30th, 2018. Data were collected from patient record review charts. A Kaplan-Meier analysis with a log-rank test, and bivariate and multivariable analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model were used. Of the 621 colorectal cancer patients who were included in the analysis, 202 (32.5%) died. The overall mortality rate was 20.3% per year (95% CI: 17.7-23.3). The overall survival was 18.1% with median survival time of 34.8 months (95% CI: 30.4-36.8). Comorbidity (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5); stage (II [AHR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.3-11.1], III [AHR = 8.0, 95% CI: 2.8-23.3], IV [AHR = 17.6, 95% CI: 6.1-50.7]); smoking (AHR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.3); alcohol consumption (AHR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.07-2.2); age ≥ 70 (AHR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.02-2.9); and marital status (married [AHR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.8], widowed [AHR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2-4.6], divorced [AHR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7]) were significant predictors of colorectal cancer mortality. It is crucial to implement early detection and screening, giving priority to rural dweller, comorbid patients and advanced stage diagnosed patients.