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Background and Aim: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine endows non-specific immunity against other respiratory tract infections (RTIs) such as Coronavirus. According to the lack of sufficient evidence in this field, the present study was to determine the correlation between BCG vaccination with frequency and the severity of the pandemic in Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were comprised of all hospitalized patients with suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in selected military hospitals in Tehran. Convenience sampling was also operated with regard to the inclusion criterion in the study. The data collection tool was a demographicclinical information form. Also, checking the vaccination scar on the upper arm, interviewing, and asking patients or their companions to self-report the history of vaccination were the techniques to confirm BCG vaccination in the patients. The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics (v.22.0) software package. Results: In this study, 400 patients completed the questionnaires. The results of this study showed that most of the patients were male. The mean age of the participants was 52.35 ± 6.98 years. The majority of the participants were infected with COVID-19 and other underlying diseases. The test results showed no significant relationship between the history of BCG vaccination and COVID-19 infection, but a significant correlation was detected between BCG vaccination and the disease severity (P = 0.015). The test results also showed a significant relationship between age and COVID-19 severity (P = 0.034). A significant relationship was further spotted between the COVID-19 severity and the history of underlying diseases (P = 0.031). Conclusion: Considering that BCG vaccine is one of the most common strategies applied across the world; it was suggested to use it to prevent severe types of respiratory tract infections. Future studies should be conducted on different types of human populations such as children and pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Onychogryphosis is a disorder caused by nail trauma. Although it may have an evolutionary cause, hitting and wearing tight shoes are significant factors. The patient was a 64-year-old man with a 20-year history of diabetes and coronary heart disease who presented to the wound clinic for a diabetic foot ulcer on his right foot. Onychogryphosis, also known as ram's horn nail, was diagnosed due to the high thickness, rotation, and downward twisting of the nail, resulting in a ram-like horn appearance. After disinfecting the fingers with an alcohol-free disinfectant spray, large and hard parts of the affected nails were removed using Dual-action nail clippers, and sharp edges and deformations were smoothed and sharpened using a nail file machine. Substantial nail improvement was observed after the procedure. Based on the photos taken after the procedure, the patient's nails were in good condition, and the patient was satisfied with the outcome. Appropriate foot health education was provided to the patient, and he was referred to an orthotics and prosthetics specialist to obtain suitable shoes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Job burnout is one of the major unavoidable consequences of job stress. Nurses experience the most occupational stress due to job problems and difficult working conditions and are exposed to high job burnout. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare stress and job burnout in nurses in the wards of patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study that was conducted in 1400. Its statistical population included caring nurses in the wards of patients with COVID-19 and non- COVID-19 patients in Aja affiliated hospitals in Tehran. A total of 96 nurses were selected as the research sample. The data were collected using the demographic information form and HSE (Health and Safety Executive) occupational stress and burnout questionnaires of Copenhagen and were analyzed using the SPSS.v25 software, descriptive and inferential statistics, and independent t-test. Results: The results of the independent t-test showed that there is a significant difference between the burnout dimensions of the two groups of nurses, and in nurses, the wards of patients with COVID-19 were higher than the wards of non-COVID-19 patients (P = 0.03). The results of the independent t-test did not show any significant difference between the work-stress dimensions of the two groups. The results of Pearson's correlation test in non-COVID-19 patient's departments, between nurses' burnout with role dimension (r = 0.03) and demand dimension (r = 0.02) and between burnout with patients and control dimension (r = 0.004) and the demand dimension (r = 0.007) was significant. In the wards of patients with COVID-19, the Pearson test results showed a significant difference between personal burnout and the demand dimension (r = 0.01). Conclusion: Considering the importance of work environment tensions and their effect on nurses' burnout, it is suggested that the authorities should plan appropriately to reduce the factors of nurses' burnout via psychotherapy consultations, holding programs Fun and morale-giving, reducing consecutive shifts, improving work-rest cycles, and providing motivational items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Extensive application of radioactive materials to medical and military purposes justifies the necessity of training military nurse students regarding the management of radiation injury. The current study aimed at comparing the effect of two methods (lecture and webbased) of training on the management of radiation-injured patients among military nurse students from 2013 to 2014. Materials and Methods: The current semi-experimental study was conducted on 60 military nursing students in two military nursing schools in Tehran, Iran selected purposively. Subjects of the study were divided into two groups of 30 as lecture and web-based teaching. The effect of education was measured on three levels of knowledge, comprehension, and application; before, immediately after, and four weeks after completion of teaching. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 21, using Repeated Measures (RM)-ANOVA and t-test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of scores in all learning levels (knowledge, comprehension, and application) in both groups had a significant difference between before and after the intervention (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the total mean scores of the two groups before intervention. In the post-test, immediately after training, mean scores of the web-based group had a greater increase, but no significant difference was observed (P=0.12). In the retention stage (four weeks after training), it was observed that the lecture-based method was more effective (P=0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, learning increased in both methods . Therefore, it is recommended to use the combined teaching method to educate nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the great potential of mobile health technology applications, there are several challenges in front of the development and use of this technology. Objective: The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the clinical health services and the challenges of developing and using this technology. Material and Methods: In the present review, the authors searched for eligible articles in SID, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases .For this purpose, use the keywords "Mobile health", "health service application", "mobile technologies", "mobile health applications" to find related articles. After checking the quality of the articles with Prism guidelines and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected and the results were reviewed. Results: The use of mobile health applications with an international structure and legal license reduces related costs, reduces medical errors, faster and better treatment process, easier access to medical care, providing health care for remote areas, improving patient response. The promotion of health care and telemedicine will be done. Conclusion: There are many challenges and obstacles in the adoption and implementation of companion health programs. Lack of awareness and practical knowledge of healthcare workers, lack of necessary infrastructure and lack of support of senior managers for health programs are the most important obstacles in its realization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]