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1. Monitoring of Nuclear Abnormality Frequencies as Indicators of Environmental Pollution in Peripheral Erythrocytes of Labeo rohita Reared in Lakes of Bangalore

Author

University Grants Commission, Noor, Nazima; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560056, Karnataka, Zutshi, Bela; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560056, Karnataka, University Grants Commission, Noor, Nazima; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560056, Karnataka, and Zutshi, Bela; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560056, Karnataka

Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate genotoxicity in peripheral erythrocytes of Labeo rohita reared in two lakes viz., Vengaiah lake - sewage polluted (Lake A) and Yellamallappa Chetty lake - industrially polluted (Lake B) of Bangalore. To assess the micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in such erythrocytes, blood samples were collected from heart of the freshwater fish, L. rohita anesthetized by MS222. The results were compared with the fish reared in the Hebbal fish farm (Control). The data revealed significantly high frequencies of erythrocytic abnormalities including nuclear as well as cytoplasmic in the fish blood sampled from lake B when compared to those of lake A. Such abnormalities in erythrocytes of fish varied seasonally also with summer exhibiting maximum deformities which can be attributed to the presence of genotoxic pollutants in the selected water bodies. The values were statistically significant at P<0.0001.

Published
2019

2. Chronic Fluoride Toxicity and Myocardial Damage: Antioxidant Offered Protection in Second Generation Rats

Author

Basha, Mahaboob P.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056, N. S., Sujitha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056, Basha, Mahaboob P.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056, and N. S., Sujitha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056

Abstract

This experiment was designed to investigate the extent of peroxidative changes and histological alterations in the myocardium of rats exposed to high fluoride for two generations, in addition to ameliorative role of selenium and vitamin E on the above indices. Adult albino Wistar rats were given fluoride through drinking water (200 ppm F) and maintained subsequently for two generations, while they were exposed to fluoride throughout the experiment. Fluoride treatment significantly increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, viz., catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione level in auricle and ventricle regions of the heart. Decreased feed and water consumption, organ somatic index and marginal drop in body growth rate were observed. Decreased antioxidant enzymes and increased malondialdehyde levels might be related to oxidative damage that occurs variably in the myocardium of rats. Biochemical changes were supported by the histological observations, which also revealed that chronic exposure to fluoride causes damage to the myocardium. Results of this study can be taken as an index of cardio-toxicity in rats exposed to water fluoridation. Further, oral supplementation of selenium and vitamin E not only inhibited oxidative stress but also enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Administration of antioxidants during fluoride exposure significantly overcame cardiac fluoride toxicity and therefore may be a therapeutic strategy for fluorotic victims.

Published
2018

3. Ethanomedicinal properties of Euphorbiaceae family- A comprehensive review

Author

Bijekar, Sangha Ramesh; Department of Molecular Biology, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056 India., Gayatri, MC; Department of Molecular Biology, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056 India., Bijekar, Sangha Ramesh; Department of Molecular Biology, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056 India., and Gayatri, MC; Department of Molecular Biology, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560056 India.

Abstract

Ethanomedicine is the study of traditional medical practice which is concerned with the cultural interpretation of health, diseases and illness and also addresses the healthcare seeking process and healing practices. Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative forms some of which are plants of great importance. The family Euphorbiaceae is assessed taxonomically and phylogenetically in the light of different disciplines of botany. This article provides ethanomedicinal properties of 103 members of Euphorbiaceae family, it includes botanical name, local name, plant parts used for treatment and their reported activity. This study has revealed that Euphorbiaceae members act as an effective remedy for many diseases like diaheria, jaundice, diabetes, inflammation, etc.

Published
2014

4. Stress Responses of Biomolecules and Dehydrogenase Activity in the Tissues of Labeo rohita against Pollutant Load in the Lakes of Bangalore

Author

Zutshi, B.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56, Noor, N.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56, Sreekala, G.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56, Zutshi, B.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56, Noor, N.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56, and Sreekala, G.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore, Karnataka-56

Abstract

The physico-chemical characteristics of the aqueous phase have direct influence on the metabolic activity of aquatic biota, in general and fish in particular. In the present investigation, water samples from selected water bodies, viz., Hebbal fish farm (control site), Vengaiah lake (receiving domestic sewage - Lake A) and Yellamallapa Chetty lake (receiving industrial effluents and drainage water - Lake B) were assessed for detection of their pollution status. Simultaneously, the muscle and gill tissue of fresh water fish, Labeo rohita reared in these water bodies, were excised and biomolecules (protein, glycogen and cholesterol) and dehydrogenases (succinic - , lactic- and malic -dehydrogenases) were subjected to analysis for their level and activity. The results obtained showed reduction in the level of protein and glycogen and a corresponding increase in cholesterol level in tissues of fish sampled from lake B when compared to those from lake A and control ones. A significant increase in lactic dehydrogenase activity with a marginal decrease in the activity of succinic and malic dehydrogenase was observed in both muscle and gill tissues of fish from lake B and an insignificant variation in those from lake A in contrast with control ones. Such changes in the biological systems can be correlated with the water parameters with the help of chemical processes. Stress response due to pollutant load in the mentioned water body in terms of fluctuations in biomolecule content and dehydrogenases actvity in the test fish resulted in variation in its metabolic pathways.

Published
2014

5. Use pattern of archives on the history of Mysore

Author

Chowdappa, N. (BMS College of Engineering), Usha Devi, L. (Bangalore University), Ramasesh, C.P. (University of Mysore), GreyNet, Grey Literature Network Service, and GL14, Rome (IT), 2012-11-29

Subjects
05B - Information science, librarianship, Archives, Wadiyars, Mysore
Abstract

Records on the Administration of the Princely State of Mysore and Mysore History form rare collections for historians who venture to study the history of Mysore State under the rule of the Wadiyars, the rulers of Mysore State. These rare materials and archives have been carefully preserved at the Archival Section of the University of Mysore and also at other libraries in Mysore city. The present study furnishes the type of archival materials available at the University Library, Oriental Research Institute and the Karnataka State Archives, Mysore Division. Further, the study depicts the purposes of accessing archives and the use pattern of these rare archival sources on Mysore history by the research scholars, students and teachers in the discipline of Karnataka/Mysore History and allied fields. The present study also projects the extent of dependency of scholars from various professional fields, for information sources on Mysore History. The study also projects the rare collections of manuscripts and books of Tipu's Library. Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

Published
2013

6. Dependency on Regional Libraries for Grey Literature: Perceptions of Researchers in Engineering Sciences and Technology

Author

Chowdappa, N. (BMS College of Engineering), Ramasesh, C.P. (University of Mysore), Usha Devi, L. (Bangalore University), Shyamala, V.R. (Government PU College), GreyNet, Grey Literature Network Service, and GL13, Washington DC (US), 2011-12-05

Subjects
Inter-Library Cooperation, User Studies, 05B - Information science, librarianship, MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Resource Sharing
Abstract

While highlighting the strength of Grey Literature collection in the engineering institutions recognized for research in the state of Karnataka, the study focuses on the extent of dependency of researchers and librarians on the regional libraries for grey resources. In the present study, response have been sought as to the frequency of access, discipline-wise use of grey collection, gender-wise awareness of Grey Literature available in the holdings of the regional libraries. Further, the research study focuses on the perceptions of the faculty and research scholars as to the cooperation and assistance rendered by the library staff in getting Grey Literature. The study also covers the feed back of the researchers on notifying new arrivals of Grey Literature on the institution website, and the need for conducting orientation programmes for better access and use of Grey Literature available in the holdings of the regional libraries. The summary of findings depicts that an overwhelming majority of the researches opine that the libraries either individually or jointly have to notify new arrivals on the website and further there is felt-need for the conduct of orientation progammes. Includes: Conference preprint, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

Published
2011

7. Management of Obsolete Grey Literature in Engineering Research Institutions

Author

Ramasesh, C.P. (University of Mysore), Chowdappa, N. (BMS College of Engineering), Usha Devi, L. (Bangalore University), GreyNet, Grey Literature Network Service, and GL13, Washington DC (US), 2011-12-05

Subjects
Obsolescence, 05B - Information science, librarianship, Weeding out, Engineering Institution Libraries
Abstract

Paper depicts the findings of the survey research covering 65 engineering institutions which are recognised as research centres in the state of Karnataka, India. Responses have been sought from research supervisors and research scholars as to the extent of the use of obsolete grey collections. Opinions have also been captured from the chief librarians of the 65 research institutions as regards the ways of managing the obsolete grey literature. Study focuses on : Demand for GL in engineering sciences and technology ;Grey Literature collection in English and Foreign languages ;Weeding-out of obsolete grey literature ; Reasons for weeding out of old GL collections and Extent of the use of old GL collections. The findings also project the practical methods followed by various libraries as to the weeding out process. The study is based on the opinions expressed by 1270 researchers, which account for 84.6% of the total population. The summary or core of findings eventually shows that 66.4% of the research supervisors and research scholars hold the view that old collection of GL is of vital source for their research and has to be retained along with active collections in the libraries. Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

Published
2011

8. Biological Studies on Zygogramma bicolorata Palltstei (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), a Potential Biocontrol Agent of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae)

Author

Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560056, Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, and Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560056

Abstract

Biological studies were carried out in Bangalore on the leaf feeding chrysomelid beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister, introduced for biological control trials against the neotropical weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae). The insect completed its development in 27-29 days at 25.5 ± 1°C. sex ratio was in favour of females, with the males constituting only about 30% of the population. However, males lived longer (l22-271 days) than females (109-198 days). Although females were capable of laying up to 3368 (mean 2590.8) eggs each, only 30-52 % hatched.

Published
2014

9. Biology and Life Table Studies of Dirhinus anthracia Walker (Hymenoptera:Chalcididae) a Parasitoid of Exorista bombycis Louis (Diptera:Tachinidae) at Various Constant Temperatures

Author

Jyothi, H. K.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalaghattapura, Bangalore 560 062, Karnataka, Veeranna, G.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalaghattapura, Bangalore 560 062, Karnataka, Bali, Geetha; Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bangalore 560056, Karnataka, Jyothi, H. K.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalaghattapura, Bangalore 560 062, Karnataka, Veeranna, G.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalaghattapura, Bangalore 560 062, Karnataka, and Bali, Geetha; Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bangalore 560056, Karnataka

Abstract

Biology of Dirhinus anthracia Walker was investigated on its natural host, Exorista bombycis Louis at six constant temperatures (10-35°C). The lower threshold for development for male and female was 10.5° and 11°C, respectively. Entire development from egg to adult required 475.05 and 550.96 day degrees, respectively for male and female. Sex ratio was in favour of female at all temperatures except 35°C where a reversal of sex ratio was observed. Reduction in doubling time and generation time was observed as temperature increased.

Published
2014

10. Age-Specific Fecundity and Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase in the Mexican Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata at Bangalore, India

Author

Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore - 560 089, Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056, Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore - 560 089, and Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore - 560 056

Abstract

No Abstract.

Published
2014

11. Effect of Some Commonly Used Weedicides on the Parthenium Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)

Author

Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Banagalore - 560 089, Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056, Jayanth, K. P.; Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Banagalore - 560 089, and Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 560 056

Abstract

No Abstract.

Published
2014

12. Survival Capacity of Ceutorhynchus portulacae Marshall during Non-Availability of Food

Author

Ganga Visalakshy, P. N.; Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (lear) Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, Karnataka, Krishnan, S.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Ganga Visalakshy, P. N.; Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (lear) Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560089, Karnataka, and Krishnan, S.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore

Abstract

Forty-five days old adults of Ceutorhynchus portulacae Marshall could survive up to 55 days, hiding In cracks and crevices in soil which reflects their survival capacity in the absence of food when Portulaca oleracea was completely removed by mechanical or chemical means and can be a probable candidate for the biological control of this deadly weed.

Published
2003

13. Quiescence Behaviour in Ceuthorhynchus portulacae Marshall, a Potential Biocontrol Agent of the Purslane Weed, Portulaca oleracea L.

Author

Ganga Visalakshy, P. N.; Division of Entomology and Nematology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, Krishnan, S.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Ganga Visalakshy, P. N.; Division of Entomology and Nematology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, and Krishnan, S.; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore

Abstract

Portulaca oleracea L. is considered as a serious problematic weed of vegetables, vineyards and banana orchards in many parts of India. Ceutorhynchus portulacae Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was identified as a potential indigenous biocontrol agent, which could be utilised for the effective suppression of the purslane weed. Field and laboratory studies in Bangalore revealed that the adults cease to feed and multiply during the cold winter months of November-January, indicating the possibility of diapause in the adult stage. A study was carried out to determine whether adults undergo diapause and the factors governing it. Behavioural and physiological observations showed that the adults were not capable of undergoing any diapause. But, they remain inactive during the cold winter period and become active with the advent of favourable environmental conditions.

Published
2001

14. Low Temperature Storage of the Parasitoids of Uzi Fly, Exorista bombycis Louis (Diptera:Tachinidae) a Pest of Silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus( Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Author

Jyothi, H. K.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalghattapura, Bangalore 560062, Karnataka, Veeranna, G.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalghattapura, Bangalore 560062, Karnataka, Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, Karnataka, Jyothi, H. K.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalghattapura, Bangalore 560062, Karnataka, Veeranna, G.; Karnataka State Sericulture Research and Development Institute, Thalghattapura, Bangalore 560062, Karnataka, and Bali, Geetha; Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, Karnataka

Abstract

Possibility of low temperature storage of indigenous hymenopteran parasitoids of uzi fly (Exorista bombycis Louis) namely, Nesolynx thymus (Girault), Dirhinus anthracia Walker and Pachycrepoideus veerannai Narendran and AniI at various stages of life cycle, was investigated. Egg, larvae, pupae and adults of all the three parasitoids died when stored at 5 and 1 ODC. However, Dirhinus anthracia and Pachycrepoideus veerannai could be stored for 90 and 45 days, respectively at 15°C without hampering their reproductive potential. With increase in the duration of storage, a reduction in the adult parasitoid longevity and fecundity at ambient temperature was noticed.

Published
1998

23. Weathering history and landscape evolution of Western Ghats (India) from 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of supergene K–Mn oxides

Author

Pierre-Etienne Mathé, Amandine Jean, Mudlappa Jayananda, Anicet Beauvais, Nicolas Arnaud, Dominique Chardon, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University of Hyderabad, IFCPAR (5007-1)programme TelluS-SYSTERIRD, Cenozoic Denudation of South India, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bangalore University, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Toulouse (Université de Toulouse), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Supergene (geology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Archean, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Escarpment, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Lateritic weathering, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Deccan Traps, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, Indian Western Ghats, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Plateau, Manganese oxides, Cenozoic, Geology, Denudation, Geochronology, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract

International audience; Laterites preserved on both sides of the Western Ghats Escarpment of Peninsular India have formed by long-term lateritic weathering essentially after India-Seychelles continental break up following Deccan Traps emplacement (c. 63 Ma ago). Supergene manganese ores of the Western Ghats were formed on Late Archean manganese protores. Among Mn oxides composing the ores, cryptomelane (K-rich Mn oxide) was characterized and dated by 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Measured ages complement those previously obtained in other South-Indian manganese ores from the hinterland plateau (Bonnet et al., 2016) and further document three major weathering periods, c. 53-44 Ma, c. 39-22 Ma, and c. 14-10 Ma, the later being documented for the first time in India. These periods coincide with global paleoclimatic proxies and date the lateritic weathering of three successive paleolandscapes of the Western Ghats that evolved under slow denudation (c. 8 m/myr) over the last 44 Myr and were mostly incised during the Neogene (< 22 Ma). That indicates the Western Ghats are a relict of a South Indian plateau preserved at the headwaters of very long east-flowing river systems and above the Western Ghats escarpment. Topography and denudation history of this landscape do not require Neogene tilt of the Peninsula as recently proposed.

Published
2019
Full Text
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38. Detecting Driver Cell-Phone Usage Based on Deep Learning Technique

Author

Padmapriya, G, SV, Shruthi, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), and Bangalore University

Subjects
Near Infrared (NIR), [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Deformable Part Model (DPM), [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Region of interest (RIO)
Abstract

International audience; Distracted driving due to cell phone usage is an increasingly costly problem in terms of lost lives and damaged property. Computer vision-based method is proposed for determining driver cell phone usage using a near infrared (NIR) camera system directed at the vehicle's front windshield. The developed method consists of two stages, first, we localize the driver's face region within the front windshield image using the deformable part model (DPM). Next, we utilize a local aggregation-based image classification technique to classify a region of interest (ROI) around the drivers face to detect the cell phone usage. Then, with the trained CNNs, the detection of cell-phone and hand targets is carried out, and the corresponding early warning is issued based on the distance of the interaction between the cell-phone and the hand. A data set of 1500 images was collected on a public roadway and is used to perform the experiments.

Published
2020

39. Geochronology and geochemistry of Meso- to Neoarchean magmatic epidote-bearing potassic granites, western Dharwar Craton (Bellur–Nagamangala–Pandavpura corridor), southern India: implications for the successive stages of crustal reworking and cratonization

Author

Jayananda, M., Guitreau, Martin, Tarun Thomas, T., Martin, Hervé, Aadhiseshan, K., Gireesh, R., Peucat, Jean-Jacques, Satyanarayanan, M., Bangalore University, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE31-0021,Zircontinents,Combiner les enregistrements des zircons magmatiques et détritiques pour comprendre la croissance des continents(2017), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract

International audience; We present field and petrographical characteristics, zircon U–Pb ages, Nd isotopes, and major and trace element data for the magmatic epidote-bearing granitic plutons in the Bellur–Nagamangala–Pandavpura corridor, and address successive reworking and cratonization events in the western Dharwar Craton (WDC). U–Pb zircon ages reveal three stages of plutonism including: (i) sparse 3.2 Ga granodiorite plutons intruding the TTG (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) basement away from the western boundary of the Nagamangala greenstone belt; (ii) 3.0 Ga monzogranite to quartz monzonite plutons adjoining the Nagamangala greenstone belt; and (iii) 2.6 Ga monzogranite plutons in the Pandavpura region. Elemental data of the 3.2 Ga granodiorite indicate their origin through the melting of mafic protoliths without any significant residual garnet. Moderate to poorly fractionated REE patterns of 3.0 Ga plutons with negative Eu anomalies and Nd isotope data with εNd(T) = 3.0 Ga ranging from −1.7 to +0.5 indicate the involvement of a major crustal source with minor mantle input. Melts derived from those two components interacted through mixing and mingling processes. Poorly fractionated REE patterns with negative Eu anomalies of 2.6 Ga plutons suggest plagioclase in residue. The presence of magmatic epidote in all of the plutons points to their rapid emplacement and crystallization at about 5 kbars. The 3.2 Ga intrusions could correspond to reworking associated with a major juvenile crust-forming episode, whilst 3.0 Ga potassic granites correspond to cratonization linked to melting of the deep crust. The 2.6 Ga Pandavpura granite could represent lower-crustal melting and final cratonization, as 2.5 Ga plutons are absent in the WDC.

Published
2020
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40. Data Handling and Data Classification in Multi-View Facial Expression Recognition Using Local Binary Patterns

Author

Nidhya, R, SV, Shruthi, MADANAPALLE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, and Bangalore University

Subjects
Facial expression, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Multi-View, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Local Binary Patterns
Abstract

International audience; Facial expression recognition is an active research field in the application development sector which includes animation, sociable robots and neuromarketing. Facial Expression recognition is not simple, because the layers of images can vary due to the mode of expression, background, pose and brightness. Analysis of Automatic facial expression recognition is a challenging problem and it is very significant application in many research areas like data driven animation and human computer interaction. In this article, we examine the facial representation depends on the Local Binary Patterns. To minimize the issue, preprocessing methodologies were used to extract only the expression of particular attributes from the facial images and explore the presentation order of samples at the training sample order. The proposed method attains better results when compared to the existing techniques and achieves 97% accuracy.

Published
2020

41. A biological switch at the ocean surface as a cause of laminations in a Precambrian iron formation

Author

Christophe Cloquet, Beate Orberger, Daniele L. Pinti, Ko Hashizume, Mudlappa Jayananda, Hitoshi Soyama, Department of Earth and Space Science [Toyonaka-shi], Osaka University, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bangalore University, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, and Nagoya University

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Great Oxygenation Event, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Isotopes of nitrogen, Geophysics, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Organic matter, Banded iron formation, 14. Life underwater, Nitrogen cycle, Dissolution, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Banded iron formations (BIFs) exhibit alternating silica- and iron-rich laminae, potentially reflecting the dynamics of the paleo-environments in which they were formed, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here the formation of a 2.7–2.9 Ga BIF from Dharwar Craton, India, is deciphered by analyzing the inter-band variations of the redox-sensitive isotope biomarkers, 15N/14N and 56Fe/54Fe. Organic matter with δ15N values as high as +12.0±0.8‰+12.0±0.8‰ appears to be trapped in silica. Iron oxides exhibit systematically positive δ56Fe values, ranging between +0.80±0.05‰+0.80±0.05‰ and +1.67±0.02‰+1.67±0.02‰. Compared to the iron-rich bands, silica-rich bands, which show higher δ56Fe values, exhibit an order of magnitude higher concentrations of 15N-rich organic nitrogen, normalized by the abundances of its host silica. The presence of 15N-rich organic matter may imply the emergence of a modern-like biological nitrogen cycle that requires the formation of oxidized nitrogen compounds. The higher concentration of 15N-rich organic nitrogen for the silica-rich bands possibly suggests that the photosynthetic activity was higher during the formation periods of these bands. The heavier iron isotope compositions of the silica-rich bands cannot be explained alone by iron oxidation through probable pathways. The relative 56Fe-enrichment in silica-rich bands is explained here by the progressive dissolution of iron oxides to the ocean, through iron reduction by 15N-rich organic matter actively produced at the ocean surface. The formation of iron-rich bands possibly corresponds to periods of reduced biological productivity, when precipitated iron was not effectively dissolved to the ocean. The observed shift in the organic concentration between Fe- and Si-rich bands could be the switch that triggered the BIF laminations. This shift could conceivably represent periodic fluctuations in the oxygen generation, which possibly occurred over periods of millennia, at the dawn of the Great Oxidation Event.

Published
2016
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42. Mineral–fluid interactions in the late Archean Closepet granite batholith, Dharwar Craton, southern India

Author

Slaby, Ewa, Gros, Katarzyna, Hans-Jürgen Förster, Wurdakska, Alicja, Łukasz Birski, Hamada, Morihisa, Götze, Jens, Martin, Hervé, Mudlappa Jayananda, Jean-François Moyen, Moszumańska, Izabela, Department of Nanomechanics, Tohoku University [Sendai], Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Bangalore University, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jouhannel, Sylvaine, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract

International audience; The chemical composition of different rocks as well as volatile-bearing and volatile-free mineralshas been used to assess the presence of fluids in the Closepet batholith and to estimate the intensity ofthe fluid−rock interactions. The data were processed using polytopic vector analysis (PVA). Additional datainclude measurements of water content in the structure of volatile-free minerals and an examination of growthtextures. The composition of mineral domains indicated formation/transformation processes with commonfluid−mineral interactions. In general, the results suggested that the processes occurred in a ternary system.Two end-members were likely magmas and the third was enriched in fluids. In contrast, analysis of the apatitedomains indicated that they likely formed/transformed in a more complex, four-component system. This systemwas fluid-rich and included hybrid magma with a large mafic component. PVA implies that the fluids do notappear to come from one source, given their close affinity and partial association with mantle-derived fluids. Adynamic tectonic setting promoting heat influx and redistribution, and interaction of fluids suggests that the formation/transformation processes of minerals and rocks occurred in a hot-spot like environment.

Published
2019

43. Cenozoic lateritic weathering and erosion history of Peninsular India from 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of supergene K-Mn oxides

Author

Nicolas Arnaud, Anicet Beauvais, Nicolas Bonnet, Mudlappa Jayananda, Dominique Chardon, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Bangalore University, Cefipra project 5007-1, IRD, INSU, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Supergene (geology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Archean, Geochemistry, India, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Weathering, Escarpment, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Lateritic weathering, Mn-ore deposits, Geochemistry and Petrology, Deccan Traps, 40Ar-39Ar geochronology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Plateau, Cenozoic, Supergene Mn-oxides, Geology, 15. Life on land, Geochronology
Abstract

International audience; Since Deccan Traps extrusion ~ 65 Ma ago, thick weathering mantles have developed over Peninsular India on both the western coastal lowland and adjacent plateau separated by the Western Ghats Escarpment. Manganiferous lateritic profiles formed by supergene weathering of Late Archean manganiferous protores are exposed on paleolandsurface remnants on both sides of the escarpment. Petrological and geochemical characterizations of samples from those Mn lateritic profiles allowed identifying cryptomelane (K-Mn oxide) dated by 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. The ages obtained document major weathering periods, ca. 53-50 Ma, and ca. 37-23 Ma in the highland, and ca. 47-45 Ma, ca. 24-19 Ma and discrete weathering pulses at ~ 9 Ma and ~ 2.5 Ma in the lowland. Old ages of the highland (53-50 Ma) and the lowland (47-45 Ma) indicate synchronous lateritic weathering across the escarpment at a time the peninsula started to drift across the equatorial belt. Intense weathering periods at ca. 53-45 and ca. 37-23 Ma are interpreted to reflect the Early Eocene climatic optimum and the onset of Asian monsoon regimes, respectively. The ages further indicate that most of the dissection of the highland must have taken place after ~ 23 Ma, whereas the lowland was weakly incised essentially after ~ 19 Ma. Our results also document divergent erosion and weathering histories of the lowland and the highland after the Eocene, suggesting installation of a dual climatic regime across the Western Ghats escarpment.

Published
2016
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44. Very long-term stability of passive margin escarpment constrained by 40 Ar-39 Ar dating of K-Mn oxides

Author

Anicet Beauvais, Nicolas Arnaud, Nicolas J. Bonnet, Mudlappa Jayananda, Dominique Chardon, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Bangalore University, Cefipra project 5007-1, INSU, IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
geography, Supergene (geology), geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Escarpment, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Fission track dating, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Thermochronology, Paleontology, Continental margin, Denudation, 13. Climate action, Passive margin, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The post-rift denudation history of high-elevation divergent continental margins is central to deciphering source-to-sink systems across such margins and to unraveling their topographic evolution. We performed 40Ar-39Ar dating of supergene K-Mn oxides from supergene manganese ore deposits in order to constrain the age of in situ formed laterites on both the lowland and highland sides of the Western Ghats Escarpment of Peninsular India. Documentation of laterites as old as 53 Ma on the highland and 47 Ma at the foot of the escarpment shows that the escarpment stabilized before 47 Ma (possibly 60 Ma). The topographic setting of the dated weathering mantles also constrains denudation of the lowland and the highland since ca. 50 Ma to maximums of 5 m/m.y. and 15 m/m.y., respectively. Our results challenge denudation rates derived from apatite fission track thermochronology by documenting the topography and relief longevity of the southwest Indian margin and its hinterland. The results preclude large-magnitude uplift of Peninsular India after the Eocene, and more generally argue against late Neogene uplift and topographic rejuvenation of continental shields.

Published
2016
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45. Impact of urbanization and study of water quality index on Gidadakonenahalli Lake, Bangalore urban district, Karnataka, India

Author

Shekar, Gayathri, Narayan, Latha, Muniyellappa, Ramachandra Mohan, and Bangalore University

Subjects
Physico-chemical parameters, Pollution, Water quality index, Gidadakonenahalli Lake
Abstract

The water pollution of Gidadakonenahalli Lake in Bangalore city, Karnataka, India was studied. In order to determine the water quality of the lake the present paper attempted to evaluate the physico-chemical, biological and bacteriological parameters and it was analyzed for a period of one year from January 2010 to December 2010. The surface water samples was subjected to comprehensive physico-chemical analysis involving parameters such as water temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chloride, total alkalinity, total hardness, phosphate, nitrate and sulphate. Biological parameters included quantitative analysis of planktons using ‘Sedwickrafter counting cell’. Fecal coliforms were enumerated by membrane filtration technique. Correlations coefficients were calculated and they identified the type of correlation existing among the physico-chemical and biological parameters of the sample water. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated using weighted arithmetic index approach. A significant seasonal variation in the water quality of Gidadakonenahalli Lake was observed during the present study. Water quality index value was 849.01. The result shows that the quality of water in the lake is severely polluted.

Published
2015

46. Detection of biopesticide Azadirachtin and analysis of gill tissues of the fish Glossogobius giuri using HPCL

Author

Mamatha, Parashivamurthy, Mohan, Muniyellappa Ramachandra, and Bangalore University

Subjects
animal structures, HPLC, Azadirachtin, Gills, Glossogobius giuris, Dept of zoology
Abstract

The impact of Azadirachtin, a natural biopesticide of neem on the gills of the fish Glossogobius giuris and the determination of Azadirachtinin in the gill tissue were verified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under laboratory conditions, for 96 h exposure period of 1.0 ppm concentration of neem oil. The HPLC data indicated that 1.9 ppm of Azadirachtin was observed after four days of exposure to the treatment, whereas no detectable level of Azadirachtin in the gill tissue was observed 90 days after the treatment. The impact of Azadirachtin caused an initial increase of the hyperplasia, vacuolization of mucus cells, telengiectasia (clumping of blood vessels), opercula ventilation rates, and respiratory distress in the gills. Whereas concern to behavioral aspects as erratic swimming was observed.

Published
2014

47. Segmentation of coronal features to understand the solar EUV and UV irradiance variability

Author

Joe Zender, Cis Verbeeck, Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta, Luc Damé, Gabriel Giono, R. Kariyappa, Véronique Delouille, Vijayakumar H. Doddamani, S. T. Kumara, B. Mampaey, Jean-François Hochedez, APS College of Engineering, Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Department of physics [BU Bangalore], Bangalore University, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Agency (ESA), and Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge]

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Extreme ultraviolet lithography, Irradiance, Coronal hole, Context (language use), Space weather, Solar irradiance, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Heliophysics, Sun: activity, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Physics, Radiometer, Sun: corona, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Sun: UV radiation, Sun: evolution, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Solar-terrestrial relations, Sun: atmosphere
Abstract

International audience; Context. The study of solar irradiance variability is of great importance in heliophysics, the Earth’s climate, and space weather applications. These studies require careful identifying, tracking and monitoring of active regions (ARs), coronal holes (CHs), and the quiet Sun (QS).Aims. We studied the variability of solar irradiance for a period of two years (January 2011–December 2012) using the Large Yield Radiometer (LYRA), the Sun Watcher using APS and image Processing (SWAP) on board PROBA2, and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).Methods. We used the spatial possibilistic clustering algorithm (SPoCA) to identify and segment coronal features from the EUV observations of AIA. The AIA segmentation maps were then applied on SWAP images, and parameters such as the intensity, fractional area, and contribution of ARs/CHs/QS features were computed and compared with the full-disk integrated intensity and LYRA irradiance measurements.Results. We report the results obtained from SDO/AIA and PROBA2/SWAP images taken from January 2011 to December 2012 and compare the resulting integrated full-disk intensity with PROBA2/LYRA irradiance. We determine the contributions of the segmented features to EUV and UV irradiance variations. The variations of the parameters resulting from the segmentation, namely the area, integrated intensity, and relative contribution to the solar irradiance, are compared with LYRA irradiance. We find that the active regions have a great impact on the irradiance fluctuations. In the EUV passbands considered in this study, the QS is the greatest contributor to the solar irradiance, with up to 63% of total intensity values. Active regions, on the other hand, contribute to about 10%, and off-limb structures to about 24%. We also find that the area of the features is highly variable suggesting that their area has to be taken into account in irradiance models, in addition to their intensity variations.Conclusions. We successfully show that the feature extraction allows us to use EUV telescopes to measure irradiance fluctuations and to quantify the contribution of each part to the EUV spectral solar irradiance observed with a calibrated radiometer. This study also shows that SPoCA is viable, and that the segmentation of images can be a useful tool. We also provide the measurement correlation between SWAP and AIA during this analysis.

Published
2014
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48. Current issues in determining dietary protein quality and metabolic utilization

Author

P Pencharz, Daniel Tomé, F Jahoor, Kim F. Michaelsen, R Weisell, C Slater, Anura V Kurpad, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, United States Department of Agriculture, Bangalore University, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Toronto, Environment Laboratories (IAEA), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
Animal food, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Disease, Biology, Environmental health, medicine, Food Quality, Humans, Quality (business), Amino Acids, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Pregnancy, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, medicine.disease, Biotechnology, Increased risk, Dietary protein, Isotope Labeling, Dietary Proteins, Food quality, business, Protein quality
Abstract

In resource-limited settings, poor dietary quality has a marked negative impact on health, especially during the sensitive periods of pregnancy and the first 2 years of life (the first 1000 days) when stunting, poor development and increased risk of later disease develop. Protein quality is often poor owing to high amounts of low quality cereals and little animal food. Recently there has been more focus on the protein quality of human diets.1 In this commentary we identify gaps in the measurements of protein quality and suggest noninvasive but accurate ways forward.

Published
2014
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49. Segmentation of Coronal Features to Understand the UV and EUV Irradiance Variations

Author

Kumara, S. T., Kariyappa, R., Luc Damé, Jean-François Hochedez, Doddamani, Vijayakumar H., Bangalore University, Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.SR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [SDU.ASTR.SR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]
Abstract

The Sun is the primary source of energy responsible for governing both the weather and climate of Earth. For that reason alone one would expect that changes in the amount and type of energy Earth received from the Sun could alter weather and climate on the Earth. The variations in the UV and EUV irradiance are produced by surface manifestation of solar magnetic activity. Considering the variations in the solar UV and EUV flux may cause significant changes in the Earth's climate, understanding the physical origin of UV and EUV irradiance changes is an extremely important issue in Solar and Space Physics. We have attempted to segregate the different coronal features such as active regions, coronal holes, coronal bright points and background region from the spatially resolved full-disk images of PROBA2/SWAP instrument. We have applied a pattern recognition technique to segregate these features. The analysis has been carried out on the images obtained for the period of two years(01-02-2010 to 31-01-2012). We have derived various parameters like the intensity and area of the coronal features and the full-disk intensity. The time series of these parameters are compared with PROBA2/LYRA observations to understand the UV and EUV irradiance variations. The important results of these analysis are discussed in this paper.

Published
2012

50. Origin of iron oxide spherules in the banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group, Dharwar Craton, Southern India

Author

V. Rouchon, Christiane Wagner, Colette Derré, Mudlappa Jayananda, Marc Massault, Beate Orberger, Eric Quirico, Gilles Montagnac, Aurélie Noret, R. Wirth, Jean Paul Gallien, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Planéto, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Pierre Süe (LPS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Bangalore University, IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Maturity (sedimentology), Iron oxide, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 550 - Earth sciences, Hematite, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Dharwar Craton, Hydrothermal circulation, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Banded iron formation, Quartz, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Magnetite
Abstract

International audience; The banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group (Western Dharwar Craton, India) is composed of millimetric to centimetric alternating quartz and grey to red Fe-oxide bands. Major phases are quartz and martite (hematized magnetite) with minor Fe-sulfides and Ca-Mg-Fe-carbonates. Micrometric Fe-oxide spherules fill cavities in discontinuous micrometric layers of Fe-oxides that occur in the massive quartz layers and at the interface of massive Fe-oxide and quartz layers. The spherules are composed of micrometric radial plates of hematite intergrown with nanometric magnetite. These spherules contain carbonaceous matter (CM) with nanometric Fe-particles and have low N contents (∼900 ppm; CM1). The spherule formation is attributed to a low temperature hydrothermal process (150-200 °C) at around 2.52 Ga, possibly favored by the presence of CM. These hydrothermal fluids dissolved diagenetic interstitial sulfides or carbonates creating cavities which, provided space for the spherule precipitation. Carbonaceous matter of semi-anthracite maturity is encapsulated in quartz grains adjacent to the Fe-oxide spherules (CM2) and it is thus concluded that CM1 and CM2 are most likely contemporaneous and of the same origin, either incorporated at the time of BIF formation or during the hydrothermal event at 2.52 Ga from the underlying phyllitised black shales. Carbonaceous matter (CM3) was also found around the Fe-oxide spherules and the martite grains. CM3 has much higher N contents (>5000 ppm), is of a lower maturity than CM1 and CM2, and is related to weathering, which is also indicated by the presence of goethite and kaolinite. The δ13C of all CMs varies from −19.4 to −24.7‰, similar to values measured in the underlying phyllitised black shales and likely reflect denitrifying microbial activity.

Published
2012
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