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2. Prognosis, characteristics, and provision of care for patients with the unspecified heart failure electronic health record phenotype: a population-based linked cohort study of 95262 individuals.

Author

Nakao, Yoko, Nakao, Kazuhiro, Nadarajah, Ramesh, Banerjee, Amitava, Fonarow, Gregg, Petrie, Mark, Rahimi, Kazem, Wu, Jianhua, and Gale, Chris

Subjects
Care quality, Electronic health records, Heart failure, Outcome
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Whether the accuracy of the phenotype ascribed to patients in electronic health records (EHRs) is associated with variation in prognosis and care provision is unknown. We investigated this for heart failure (HF, characterised as HF with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF], HF with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF] and unspecified HF). METHODS: We included individuals aged 16 years and older with a new diagnosis of HF between January 2, 1998 and February 28, 2022 from linked primary and secondary care records in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in England. We investigated the provision of guideline-recommended diagnostic investigations and pharmacological treatments. The primary outcome was a composite of HF hospitalisation or all-cause death, and secondary outcomes were time to HF hospitalisation, all-cause death and death from cardiovascular causes. We used Kaplan-Meier curves and log rank tests to compare survival across HF phenotypes and adjusted for potential confounders in Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. FINDINGS: Of a cohort of 95,262 individuals, 1271 (1.3%) were recorded as having HFpEF, 10,793 (11.3%) as HFrEF and 83,198 (87.3%) as unspecified HF. Individuals recorded as unspecified HF were older with a higher prevalence of dementia. Unspecified HF, compared to patients with a recorded HF phenotype, were less likely to receive specialist assessment, echocardiography or natriuretic peptide testing in the peri-diagnostic period, or receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta blockers or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists up to 12 months after diagnosis (risk ratios compared to HFrEF, 0.64, 95% CI 0.63-0.64; 0.59, 0.58-0.60; 0.57, 0.55-0.59; respectively) and had significantly worse outcomes (adjusted hazard ratios compared to HFrEF, HF hospitalisation and death 1.66, 95% CI 1.59-1.74; all-cause mortality 2.00, 1.90-2.10; cardiovascular death 1.77, 1.65-1.90). INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggested that absence of specification of HF phenotype in routine EHRs is inversely associated with clinical investigations, treatments and survival, representing an actionable target to mitigate prognostic and health resource burden. FUNDING: Japan Research Foundation for Healthy Aging and British Heart Foundation.

Published
2023

6. Ethnicity data resource in population-wide health records: completeness, coverage and granularity of diversity

Author

Pineda-Moncusí, Marta, Allery, Freya, Delmestri, Antonella, Bolton, Thomas, Nolan, John, Thygesen, Johan H., Handy, Alex, Banerjee, Amitava, Denaxas, Spiros, Tomlinson, Christopher, Denniston, Alastair K., Sudlow, Cathie, Akbari, Ashley, Wood, Angela, Collins, Gary S., Petersen, Irene, Coates, Laura C., Khunti, Kamlesh, Prieto-sAlhambra, Daniel, and Khalid, Sara

Published
2024
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7. Atomistic Simulation Informs Interface Engineering of Nanoscale LiCoO2

Author

Dahl, Spencer, Aoki, Toshihiro, Banerjee, Amitava, Uberuaga, Blas Pedro, and Castro, Ricardo HR

Subjects
Affordable and Clean Energy, Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Materials
Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries continue to be a critical part of the search for enhanced energy storage solutions. Understanding the stability of interfaces (surfaces and grain boundaries) is one of the most crucial aspects of cathode design to improve the capacity and cyclability of batteries. Interfacial engineering through chemical modification offers the opportunity to create metastable states in the cathodes to inhibit common degradation mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate how atomistic simulations can effectively evaluate dopant interfacial segregation trends and be an effective predictive tool for cathode design despite the intrinsic approximations. We computationally studied two surfaces, {001} and {104}, and grain boundaries, Σ3 and Σ5, of LiCoO2 to investigate the segregation potential and stabilization effect of dopants. Isovalent and aliovalent dopants (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Sc3+, Y3+, Gd3+, La3+, Al3+, Ti4+, Sn4+, Zr4+, V5+) were studied by replacing the Co3+ sites in all four of the constructed interfaces. The segregation energies of the dopants increased with the ionic radius of the dopant. They exhibited a linear dependence on the ionic size for divalent, trivalent, and quadrivalent dopants for surfaces and grain boundaries. The magnitude of the segregation potential also depended on the surface chemistry and grain boundary structure, showing higher segregation energies for the Σ5 grain boundary compared with the lower energy Σ3 boundary and higher for the {104} surface compared to the {001}. Lanthanum-doped nanoparticles were synthesized and imaged with scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) to validate the computational results, revealing the predicted lanthanum enrichment at grain boundaries and both the {001} and the {104} surfaces.

Published
2022

8. 2024 ACC/AHA Key Data Elements and Definitions for Social Determinants of Health in Cardiology: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Data Standards

Author

Morris, Alanna A., Masoudi, Frederick A., Abdullah, Abdul R., Banerjee, Amitava, Brewer, LaPrincess C., Commodore-Mensah, Yvonne, Cram, Peter, DeSilvey, Sarah C., Hines, Anika L., Ibrahim, Nasrien E., Jackson, Elizabeth A., Joynt Maddox, Karen E., Makaryus, Amgad N., Piña, Ileana L., Rodriguez-Monserrate, Carla Patricia, Roger, Véronique L., Thorpe, Fran F., and Williams, Kim A., Sr.

Published
2024
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13. Sex-Based Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Older Adults Hospitalized Across 6 High-Income Countries: An Analysis From the International Health Systems Research Collaborative

Author

Lu, Hannah, Hatfield, Laura A., Al-Azazi, Saeed, Bakx, Pieter, Banerjee, Amitava, Burrack, Nitzan, Chen, Yu-Chin, Fu, Christina, Gordon, Michal, Heine, Renaud, Huang, Nicole, Ko, Dennis T., Lix, Lisa M., Novack, Victor, Pasea, Laura, Qiu, Feng, Stukel, Therese A., Uyl-de Groot, Carin A., Weinreb, Gabe, Landon, Bruce E., and Cram, Peter

Published
2024
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22. How to estimate the association between change in a risk factor and a health outcome?

Author

Katsoulis, Michail, Lai, Alvina G, Kipourou, Dimitra-Kleio, Sofat, Reecha, Gomes, Manuel, Banerjee, Amitava, Denaxas, Spiros, Lumbers, Thomas R, Tsilidis, Kostas, Hemingway, Harry, and Diaz-Ordaz, Karla

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, 62-07 (in MSC2010) or 62R07 (in MSC2020)
Abstract

Estimating the effect of a change in a particular risk factor and a chronic disease requires information on the risk factor from two time points; the enrolment and the first follow-up. When using observational data to study the effect of such an exposure (change in risk factor) extra complications arise, namely (i) when is time zero? and (ii) which information on confounders should we account for in this type of analysis? From enrolment or the 1st follow-up? Or from both?. The combination of these questions has proven to be very challenging. Researchers have applied different methodologies with mixed success, because the different choices made when answering these questions induce systematic bias. Here we review these methodologies and highlight the sources of bias in each type of analysis. We discuss the advantages and the limitations of each method ending by making our recommendations on the analysis plan., Comment: 13 pages, 2 Tables, 3 Figures

Published
2020

24. Machine Learning Link Inference of Noisy Delay-coupled Networks with Opto-Electronic Experimental Tests

Author

Banerjee, Amitava, Hart, Joseph D., Roy, Rajarshi, and Ott, Edward

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We devise a machine learning technique to solve the general problem of inferring network links that have time-delays. The goal is to do this purely from time-series data of the network nodal states. This task has applications in fields ranging from applied physics and engineering to neuroscience and biology. To achieve this, we first train a type of machine learning system known as reservoir computing to mimic the dynamics of the unknown network. We formulate and test a technique that uses the trained parameters of the reservoir system output layer to deduce an estimate of the unknown network structure. Our technique, by its nature, is non-invasive, but is motivated by the widely-used invasive network inference method whereby the responses to active perturbations applied to the network are observed and employed to infer network links (e.g., knocking down genes to infer gene regulatory networks). We test this technique on experimental and simulated data from delay-coupled opto-electronic oscillator networks. We show that the technique often yields very good results particularly if the system does not exhibit synchrony. We also find that the presence of dynamical noise can strikingly enhance the accuracy and ability of our technique, especially in networks that exhibit synchrony., Comment: New figures and subsections added

Published
2020
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25. Using Machine Learning to Assess Short Term Causal Dependence and Infer Network Links

Author

Banerjee, Amitava, Pathak, Jaideep, Roy, Rajarshi, Restrepo, Juan G., and Ott, Edward

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We introduce and test a general machine-learning-based technique for the inference of short term causal dependence between state variables of an unknown dynamical system from time series measurements of its state variables. Our technique leverages the results of a machine learning process for short time prediction to achieve our goal. The basic idea is to use the machine learning to estimate the elements of the Jacobian matrix of the dynamical flow along an orbit. The type of machine learning that we employ is reservoir computing. We present numerical tests on link inference of a network of interacting dynamical nodes. It is seen that dynamical noise can greatly enhance the effectiveness of our technique, while observational noise degrades the effectiveness. We believe that the competition between these two opposing types of noise will be the key factor determining the success of causal inference in many of the most important application situations., Comment: 28 pages, 4 Figures, Accepted in Chaos

Published
2019
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31. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease prevention and management

Author

Dale, Caroline E., Takhar, Rohan, Carragher, Raymond, Katsoulis, Michail, Torabi, Fatemeh, Duffield, Stephen, Kent, Seamus, Mueller, Tanja, Kurdi, Amanj, Le Anh, Thu Nguyen, McTaggart, Stuart, Abbasizanjani, Hoda, Hollings, Sam, Scourfield, Andrew, Lyons, Ronan A., Griffiths, Rowena, Lyons, Jane, Davies, Gareth, Harris, Daniel, Handy, Alex, Mizani, Mehrdad A., Tomlinson, Christopher, Thygesen, Johan H., Ashworth, Mark, Denaxas, Spiros, Banerjee, Amitava, Sterne, Jonathan A. C., Brown, Paul, Bullard, Ian, Priedon, Rouven, Mamas, Mamas A., Slee, Ann, Lorgelly, Paula, Pirmohamed, Munir, Khunti, Kamlesh, Morris, Andrew D., Sudlow, Cathie, Akbari, Ashley, Bennie, Marion, Sattar, Naveed, and Sofat, Reecha

Published
2023
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32. Patient and public involvement within epidemiological studies of long COVID in the UK

Author

Routen, Ash, O’Mahoney, Lauren, Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee, Alder, Yvonne, Banerjee, Amitava, Buckland, Lewis, Brightling, Chris, Calvert, Melanie, Camaradou, Jenny, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Chong, Amy, Dalrymple, Emma, Eggo, Rosalind M., Elliott, Paul, Evans, Rachael A., Gibson, Andy, Haroon, Shamil, Herrett, Emily, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, Hughes, Sarah E., Jeyes, Flic, Matthews, Karen, McMullan, Christel, Morley, Jessica, Shafran, Roz, Smith, Nikki, Stanton, David, Stephenson, Terence, Sterne, Jonathan, Turner, Grace M., Ward, Helen, and Khunti, Kamlesh

Published
2023
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36. Identifying subtypes of type 2 diabetes mellitus with machine learning: development, internal validation, prognostic validation and medication burden in linked electronic health records in 420 448 individuals

Author

Mizani, Mehrdad A, primary, Dashtban, Ashkan, additional, Pasea, Laura, additional, Zeng, Qingjia, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Valabhji, Jonathan, additional, Mamza, Jil Billy, additional, Gao, He, additional, Morris, Tamsin, additional, and Banerjee, Amitava, additional

Published
2024
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39. Cardiac resynchronization therapy in inotrope‐dependent heart failure: a meta‐analysis

Author

Al‐Shakarchi, Nader J., primary, Ho, Jamie S.Y., additional, Bray, Jonathan J.H., additional, D'Ascenzo, Fabrizio, additional, Duffy, Edward, additional, Hewett, Jack, additional, Adegbie, Divine, additional, Khan, Faizullah, additional, Kumar, Niraj S., additional, Patel, Neal, additional, Ahmad, Mahmood, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Haq, Ikram, additional, and Providencia, Rui, additional

Published
2024
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41. Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Author

Lawson, Claire Alexandra, primary, Moss, Alastair James, additional, Arnold, Jayanth Ranjit, additional, Bagot, Catherine, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Berry, Colin, additional, Greenwood, John, additional, Hughes, Alun D, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Mills, Nicholas L, additional, Neubauer, Stefan, additional, Raman, Betty, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Leavy, Olivia C, additional, Richardson, Matthew, additional, Elneima, Omer, additional, McAuley, Hamish JC, additional, Shikotra, Aarti, additional, Singapuri, Amisha, additional, Sereno, Marco, additional, Saunders, Ruth, additional, Harris, Victoria, additional, Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy, additional, Greening, Neil J, additional, Harrison, Ewen, additional, Docherty, Annemarie B, additional, Lone, Nazir I, additional, Quint, Jennifer Kathleen, additional, Chalmers, James, additional, Ho, Ling-Pei, additional, Horsley, Alex, additional, Marks, Michael, additional, Poinasamy, Krisnah, additional, Evans, Rachael, additional, Wain, Louise V, additional, Brightling, Chris, additional, and McCann, Gerry P, additional

Published
2024
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44. An Interplay of Topology and Quantized Geometric Phase for two Different Symmetry-Class Hamiltonians

Author

S, Rahul, R, Ranjith Kumar, Kartik, Y R, Banerjee, Amitava, and Sarkar, Sujit

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Study of symmetry, topology and geometric phase can reveal many new and interesting results on the topological states of matter. Here we present a completely new and interesting result of symmetry, topology and quantization of geometric phase along with the physical explanation for two different symmetry classes. We present a detailed study of the auxiliary space for two different symmetry classes of Hamiltonians. We show explicitly that the origin of the auxiliary space inside the curve is only a necessary condition but it is not a sufficient condition for the topological state. One of the most interesting results is that same symmetry-class Hamiltonians show different behaviour in topology and quantized geometric phase., Comment: Comments are welcome

Published
2018
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45. Transient Chaos Generates Small Chimeras

Author

Banerjee, Amitava and Sikder, Debopriya

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract

While the chimera states themselves are usually believed to be chaotic transients, the involvement of chaos behind their self-organization is not properly distinguished or studied. In this work, we demonstrate that small chimeras in the local flux dynamics of an array of magnetically coupled superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) driven by an external field are born through transiently chaotic dynamics. We deduce analytic expressions for small chimeras and synchronous states which correspond to nonchaotic attractors in the model. We also numerically study the bifurcations underlying the multistability responsible for their generation. Transient chaos manifests itself in the short term flux oscillations with erratically fluctuating amplitudes, exponential escape time distribution and irregular dependence of the escape time to initial conditions. We classify the small chimera states in terms of the position of the non-synchronized member and numerically construct their basin of attraction. The basin is shown to possess an interesting structure consisting of both ordered and fractal parts, which again can be attributed to transient chaos., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figure Accepted for publication in Physical Review E

Published
2018
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46. Bacteria Around an Acoustic Black Hole: Trapping and Frame-Dragging

Author

Banerjee, Amitava, Koley, Ratna, and Majumdar, Parthasarathi

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

Motivated by the need to conceive freely-precessing gyroscopes for detecting acoustic frame-dragging predicted recently in rotating acoustic analogue black holes, we report an incipient investigation on the hydrodynamics of nematic active fluids. With a specific assumption on barotropicity of a nematic fluid, we discern acoustic analogue black hole spacetimes experienced by linear perturbations of the velocity potential. For vanishingly small diffusivity of the active particles, linear perturbations of the active particle concentration reveal a profile with an enhancement close to the acoustic horizon, hinting towards the possibility of partial trapping of active matter by the acoustic black hole. We further show that, as anticipated, the dynamical nature of the orientation (`polarization') of individual particles indeed opens up the possibility of their use as freely-precessing gyroscopes. In addition, inclusion of diffusivity of active particles in the inviscid solvent is shown to lead to a small effective viscosity. Depending on the sign of the diffusion coefficient, this can either yield superfluid-like behaviour, or enhance the net viscosity, of the nematic system. In either situation, acoustic superradiance, theoretically analyzed and experimentally observed recently for mildly viscous standard fluids, is thus predicted to occur for nematic fluids., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2018

48. Global, Regional, and Country-Specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016

Author

Feigin, Valery L, Nguyen, Grant, Cercy, Kelly, Johnson, Catherine O, Alam, Tahiya, Parmar, Priyakumari G, Abajobir, Amanuel A, Abate, Kalkidan H, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abejie, Ayenew N, Abyu, Gebre Y, Ademi, Zanfina, Agarwal, Gina, Ahmed, Muktar B, Akinyemi, Rufus O, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Aminde, Leopold N, Amlie-Lefond, Catherine, Ansari, Hossein, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay M, Ayele, Henok T, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Derbew F, Boneya, Dube J, Brainin, Michael, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacquelin C, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Christensen, Hanne, Criqui, Michael H, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, deVeber, Gabrielle, Dokova, Klara, Edessa, Dumessa, Endres, Matthias, Faraon, Emerito JA, Farvid, Maryam S, Fischer, Florian, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Gall, Seana L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gillum, Richard F, Giroud, Maurice, Goulart, Alessandra C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hankey, Graeme J, Hareri, Habtamu A, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Hibstu, Desalegn T, James, Spencer L, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kasaeian, Amir, Kengne, Andre P, Khader, Yousef S, Khan, Abdur R, Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J, Kivimaki, Mika, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Kumar, G Anil, Lafranconi, Alessandra, and Lavados, Pablo M

Subjects
Aging, Brain Disorders, Stroke, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Female, Global Burden of Disease, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundThe lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases.MethodsWe used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate.ResultsThe estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle-SDI, and low-SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calculation.ConclusionsIn 2016, the global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was approximately 25% among both men and women. There was geographic variation in the lifetime risk of stroke, with the highest risks in East Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).

Published
2018

49. Global, Regional, and Country-Specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016.

Author

GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators, Feigin, Valery L, Nguyen, Grant, Cercy, Kelly, Johnson, Catherine O, Alam, Tahiya, Parmar, Priyakumari G, Abajobir, Amanuel A, Abate, Kalkidan H, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abejie, Ayenew N, Abyu, Gebre Y, Ademi, Zanfina, Agarwal, Gina, Ahmed, Muktar B, Akinyemi, Rufus O, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Aminde, Leopold N, Amlie-Lefond, Catherine, Ansari, Hossein, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W, Atey, Tesfay M, Ayele, Henok T, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Derbew F, Boneya, Dube J, Brainin, Michael, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacquelin C, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Christensen, Hanne, Criqui, Michael H, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, deVeber, Gabrielle, Dokova, Klara, Edessa, Dumessa, Endres, Matthias, Faraon, Emerito JA, Farvid, Maryam S, Fischer, Florian, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Gall, Seana L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gillum, Richard F, Giroud, Maurice, Goulart, Alessandra C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hankey, Graeme J, Hareri, Habtamu A, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Hibstu, Desalegn T, James, Spencer L, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kasaeian, Amir, Kengne, Andre P, Khader, Yousef S, Khan, Abdur R, Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J, Kivimaki, Mika, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Kumar, G Anil, and Lafranconi, Alessandra

Subjects
GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators, Humans, Incidence, Cause of Death, Risk, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Stroke, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, Brain Disorders, Aging, Prevention, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, General & Internal Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

BackgroundThe lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases.MethodsWe used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate.ResultsThe estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle-SDI, and low-SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calculation.ConclusionsIn 2016, the global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was approximately 25% among both men and women. There was geographic variation in the lifetime risk of stroke, with the highest risks in East Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).

Published
2018

50. CODE-EHR best-practice framework for the use of structured electronic health-care records in clinical research

Author

Kotecha, Dipak, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Achenbach, Stephan, Anker, Stefan D, Atar, Dan, Baigent, Colin, Banerjee, Amitava, Beger, Birgit, Brobert, Gunnar, Casadei, Barbara, Ceccarelli, Cinzia, Cowie, Martin R, Crea, Filippo, Cronin, Maureen, Denaxas, Spiros, Derix, Andrea, Fitzsimons, Donna, Fredriksson, Martin, Gale, Chris P, Gkoutos, Georgios V, Goettsch, Wim, Hemingway, Harry, Ingvar, Martin, Jonas, Adrian, Kazmierski, Robert, Løgstrup, Susanne, Lumbers, R Thomas, Lüscher, Thomas F, McGreavy, Paul, Piña, Ileana L, Roessig, Lothar, Steinbeisser, Carl, Sundgren, Mats, Tyl, Benoît, Thiel, Ghislaine van, Bochove, Kees van, Vardas, Panos E, Villanueva, Tiago, Vrana, Marilena, Weber, Wim, Weidinger, Franz, Windecker, Stephan, Wood, Angela, and Grobbee, Diederick E

Published
2022
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