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1. The XY model with vision cone: non-reciprocal vs. reciprocal interactions

Author

Bandini, Gabriele, Venturelli, Davide, Loos, Sarah A. M., Jelic, Asja, and Gambassi, Andrea

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We study the behavior of the classical XY model on a two-dimensional square lattice, with interactions occurring within a vision cone of each spin. Via Monte Carlo simulations, we explore one non-reciprocal and two reciprocal implementations of these interactions. The corresponding energy involves couplings that depend non-trivially on the system's configuration, leading to both long-range and quasi-long-range ordered phases at low temperatures. Our results demonstrate that non-reciprocity is not essential for achieving long-range order at low temperatures. Using symmetry arguments, we provide a theoretical framework to explain these findings, and additionally we uncover an unexpected order-by-disorder transition., Comment: 19+4 pages, 13+3 figures

Published
2024

2. Non-local Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations for the stochastic optimal control of path-dependent piecewise deterministic processes

Author

Bandini, Elena and Keller, Christian

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 45K05, 35D99, 49L20, 90C40, 93E20
Abstract

We study the optimal control of path-dependent piecewise deterministic processes. An appropriate dynamic programming principle is established. We prove that the associated value function is the unique minimax solution of the corresponding non-local path-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. This is the first well-posedness result for nonsmooth solutions of fully nonlinear non-local path-dependent partial differential equations.

Published
2024

3. Path-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations with u-dependence and time-measurable Hamiltonians

Author

Bandini, Elena and Keller, Christian

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 35F21, 49L25, 34K35
Abstract

We establish existence and uniqueness of minimax solutions for a fairly general class of path-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations. In particular, the relevant Hamiltonians can contain the solution and they only need to be measurable with respect to time. We apply our results to optimal control problems of (delay) functional differential equations with cost functionals that have discount factors and with time-measurable data. Our main results are also crucial for our companion paper Bandini and Keller (2024), where non-local path-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations associated to the stochastic optimal control of non-Markovian piecewise deterministic processes are studied.

Published
2024

4. Characteristics and It{\^o}'s formula for weak Dirichlet processes: an equivalence result

Author

Bandini, Elena and Russo, Francesco

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

The main objective consists in generalizing a well-known It{\^o} formula of J. Jacod and A. Shiryaev: given a c{\`a}dl{\`a}g process S, there is an equivalence between the fact that S is a semimartingale with given characteristics (B^k , C, $\nu$) and a It{\^o} formula type expansion of F (S), where F is a bounded function of class C2. This result connects weak solutions of path-dependent SDEs and related martingale problems. We extend this to the case when S is a weak Dirichlet process. A second aspect of the paper consists in discussing some untreated features of stochastic calculus for finite quadratic variation processes.

Published
2024

6. Predictive equation derived from 6,497 doubly labelled water measurements enables the detection of erroneous self-reported energy intake

Author

Bajunaid, Rania, Niu, Chaoqun, Hambly, Catherine, Liu, Zongfang, Yamada, Yosuke, Aleman-Mateo, Heliodoro, Anderson, Liam J., Arab, Lenore, Baddou, Issad, Bandini, Linda, Bedu-Addo, Kweku, Blaak, Ellen E., Bouten, Carlijn V. C., Brage, Soren, Buchowski, Maciej S., Butte, Nancy F., Camps, Stefan G. J. A., Casper, Regina, Close, Graeme L., Cooper, Jamie A., Cooper, Richard, Das, Sai Krupa, Davies, Peter S. W., Dabare, Prasangi, Dugas, Lara R., Eaton, Simon, Ekelund, Ulf, Entringer, Sonja, Forrester, Terrence, Fudge, Barry W., Gillingham, Melanie, Goris, Annelies H., Gurven, Michael, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, Haisma, Hinke H., Hoffman, Daniel, Hoos, Marije B., Hu, Sumei, Joonas, Noorjehan, Joosen, Annemiek M., Katzmarzyk, Peter, Kimura, Misaka, Kraus, William E., Kriengsinyos, Wantanee, Kuriyan, Rebecca, Kushner, Robert F., Lambert, Estelle V., Lanerolle, Pulani, Larsson, Christel L., Leonard, William R., Lessan, Nader, Löf, Marie, Martin, Corby K., Matsiko, Eric, Medin, Anine C., Morehen, James C., Morton, James P., Must, Aviva, Neuhouser, Marian L., Nicklas, Theresa A., Nyström, Christine D., Ojiambo, Robert M., Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Pitsiladis, Yannis P., Plange-Rhule, Jacob, Plasqui, Guy, Prentice, Ross L., Racette, Susan B., Raichlen, David A., Ravussin, Eric, Redman, Leanne M., Reilly, John J., Reynolds, Rebecca, Roberts, Susan B., Samaranayakem, Dulani, Sardinha, Luis B., Silva, Analiza M., Sjödin, Anders M., Stamatiou, Marina, Stice, Eric, Urlacher, Samuel S., Van Etten, Ludo M., van Mil, Edgar G. A. H., Wilson, George, Yanovski, Jack A., Yoshida, Tsukasa, Zhang, Xueying, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J., Sinha, Srishti, Loechl, Cornelia U., Luke, Amy H., Pontzer, Herman, Rood, Jennifer, Sagayama, Hiroyuki, Schoeller, Dale A., Westerterp, Klaas R., Wong, William W., and Speakman, John R.

Published
2025
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10. SICOB Italian clinical practice guidelines for the surgical treatment of obesity and associated diseases using GRADE methodology on bariatric and metabolic surgery

Author

De Luca, Maurizio, Zese, Monica, Bandini, Giulia, Zappa, Marco Antonio, Bardi, Ugo, Carbonelli, Maria Grazia, Carrano, Francesco Maria, Casella, Giovanni, Chianelli, Marco, Chiappetta, Sonja, Iossa, Angelo, Martinino, Alessandro, Micanti, Fausta, Navarra, Giuseppe, Piatto, Giacomo, Raffaelli, Marco, Romano, Eugenia, Rugolotto, Simone, Serra, Roberto, Soricelli, Emanuele, Vitiello, Antonio, Schiavo, Luigi, Zani, Iris Caterina Maria, Ragghianti, Benedetta, Lorenzoni, Valentina, Medea, Gerardo, Antognozzi, Valentina, Bellini, Rosario, Berardi, Giovanna, Campanile, Fabio Cesare, Facchiano, Enrico, Foletto, Mirto, Gentileschi, Paolo, Olmi, Stefano, Petrelli, Massimiliano, Pilone, Vincenzo, Sarro, Giuliano, Ballardini, Donatella, Bettini, Dario, Costanzi, Andrea, Frattini, Francesco, Lezoche, Giovanni, Neri, Barbara, Porri, Debora, Rizzi, Andrea, Rossini, Roberto, Sessa, Luca, D’Alessio, Rossella, Di Mauro, Gianluca, Tolone, Salvatore, Bernante, Paolo, Docimo, Ludovico, Foschi, Diego, Angrisani, Luigi, Basso, Nicola, Busetto, Luca, Di Lorenzo, Nicola, Disoteo, Olga, Forestieri, Pietro, Musella, Mario, Paolini, Barbara, Silecchia, Gianfranco, and Monami, Matteo

Published
2024
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11. Doppler ultrasound, a noninvasive tool for the study of mesenteric arterial flow in systemic sclerosis: a cross-sectional study of a patient cohort with review and meta-analysis of the literature

Author

Bandini, Giulia, Monami, Matteo, Ciuti, Gabriele, Mercatelli, Paolo, Lo Cricchio, Anna, De Santis, Maria Cristina, Bonomi, Francesco, Bellando Randone, Silvia, Campochiaro, Corrado, El Aoufy, Khadija, Ruaro, Barbara, Giuggioli, Dilia, Hughes, Michael, McMahan, Zsuzsanna H., Benfaremo, Devis, Moroncini, Gianluca, Maconi, Giovanni, Accogli, Esterita, Dagna, Lorenzo, Matucci Cerinic, Marco, and Moggi Pignone, Alberto

Published
2024
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12. Reperfusion therapies in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: data on safety and effectiveness from a multi-centre cohort study

Author

Cancelloni, Virginia, Buratti, Mariachiara, Tsivgoulis, Georgios, Furie, Karen L., Tadi, Prasanna, Caso, Valeria, Becattini, Cecilia, Agnelli, Giancarlo, Zedde, Marialuisa, Abdul-Rahim, Azmil H., Alberti, Andrea, Venti, Michele, de Magistris, Ilaria Leone, Acciarresi, Monica, D’Amore, Cataldo, Mosconi, Maria G., Cimini, Ludovica A., Cappellari, Manuel, Putaala, Jukka, Tomppo, Liisa, Tatlisumak, Turgut, Bandini, Fabio, Marcheselli, Simona, Pezzini, Alessandro, Sohn, Sung-I. I., Lorenzini, Gianni, Tassi, Rossana, Guideri, Francesca, Acampa, Maurizio, Ntaios, George, Karagkiozi, Efstathia, Athanasakis, George, Makaritsis, Kostantinos, Sagris, Dimitrios, Adamou, Anastasia, Vadikolias, Kostantinos, Palaiodimou, Lina, Chondrogianni, Maria, Mumoli, Nicola, Galati, Franco, Sacco, Simona, Tiseo, Cindy, Corea, Francesco, Ageno, Walter, Bellesini, Marta, Silvestrelli, Giorgio, Ciccone, Alfonso, Mancuso, Michelangelo, Orlandi, Giovanni, Pascarella, Rosario, Tassinari, Tiziana, Rueckert, Christina, Baldi, Antonio, Toni, Danilo, Lettieri, Federica, Giuntini, Martina, Lotti, Enrico M., Flomin, Yuriy, Pieroni, Alessio, Kargiotis, Odysseas, Karapanayiotides, Theodore, Halvatsiotis, Panagiotis, Monaco, Serena, Baronello, Mario M., Csiba, Laszlò, Szabò, Lilla, Chiti, Alberto, Giorli, Elisa, Del Sette, Massimo, Imberti, Davide, Zabzuni, Dorjan, Doronin, Boris, Volodina, Vera, Michel, Patrik, Vanacker, Peter, Barlinn, Kristian, Pallesen, Lars P., Kepplinger, Jessica, Deleu, Dirk, Gourbali, Vanessa, Yaghi, Shadi, and Paciaroni, Maurizio

Published
2024
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14. Upcoming Italian clinical practice guidelines on endoscopic bariatric treatment of overweight and obesity: design and methodological aspects

Author

De Luca, Maurizio, Silverii, Antonio, Zese, Monica, Galasso, Giovanni, Bellini, Rosario, Carbonelli, Maria Grazia, Cataldo, Rita, Cerbone, Mariarosaria, Chianelli, Marco, Gregoris, Francesca Clemente, Conigliaro, Rita, Cuttica, Carla Micaela, de Werra, Carlo, Di Simone, Massimo, Docimo, Ludovico, Musella, Mario, Gagliardi, Giuseppe, Angrisani, Luigi, Di Lorenzo, Nicola, Boskoski, Ivo, Genco, Alfredo, Raffaelli, Marco, Anderloni, Andrea, Casella, Giovanni, Galloro, Giuseppe, Goracci, Arianna, Lorenzoni, Valentina, Manta, Raffaele, Marzullo, Paolo, Medea, Gerardo, Navarra, Giuseppe, Ortenzi, Monica, Paolini, Barbara, Piazza, Luigi, Porri, Debora, Rahimi, Farnaz, Rugolotto, Simone, Pontesilli, Giulia, Sarnelli, Giovanni, Sessa, Luca, Zani, Iris, Zappa, Marco Antonio, Bandini, Giulia, Ragghianti, Benedetta, and Monami, Matteo

Published
2024
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15. The algebra $\mathbb{Z}_\ell[[\mathbb{Z}_p^d]]$ and applications to Iwasawa theory

Author

Bandini, Andrea and Longhi, Ignazio

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R23, 11R29
Abstract

Let $\ell$ and $p$ be distinct primes, and let $\Gamma$ be an abelian pro-$p$-group. We study the structure of the algebra $\Lambda:=\mathbb{Z}_\ell[[\Gamma]]$ and of $\Lambda$-modules. In the case $\Gamma\simeq \mathbb{Z}_p^d$, we consider a $\mathbb{Z}_p^d$-extension $K/k$ of a global field $k$ and use the structure theorems to provide explicit formulas for the orders and $\ell$-ranks of certain Iwasawa modules (namely $\ell$-class groups and $\ell$-Selmer groups) associated with the finite subextensions of $K$. We apply this new approach to provide different proofs and generalizations of results of Washington and Sinnott on $\ell$-class groups., Comment: (Very) Preliminary version. Comments are welcome

Published
2023

16. A dataset for developing proteomic tools for pathogen detection via differential cell lysis of whole blood samples

Author

de Oliveira Veloso Rezende, Jéssica, Batista, Michel, Machado, Kelly Cavalcanti, Bandini, Thiago Bousquet, de Menezes, Igor Alexandre Côrtes, do Carmo De Stefani, Fernanda, Dias Mariano Santos, Marlon, Carvalho, Paulo Costa, Kurt, Louise Ulrich, Brant, Rodrigo Soares Caldeira, Morello, Luis Gustavo, and Marchini, Fabricio Klerynton

Published
2024
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22. An Interface for Linking Ancient Languages

Author

Mallia Michele, Bandini Michela, and Quochi Valeria

Subjects
elexicography, ancient languages, linguistic linked open data, digital historical linguistics., Cybernetics, Q300-390
Abstract

This paper focuses on the linking potentials offered by the EpiLexO web-based front-end for creating and editing an ecosystem of digital resources for ancient languages, developed in the context of a project on the languages of fragmentary attestation of ancient Italy. The focus is particularly on mechanisms introduced for linking lexical information to other information bits either internally or externally, e.g., for creating attestations by linking lexical forms to their variants in relevant inscriptions, as well as for linking lexical data to external independent LOD datasets available on a remote endpoint. Finally, in the conclusions, we briefly introduce some future planned or desired enhancements as well as the final platform component, a parallel interface that constitutes the fruition application, which will be open to anyone on the web and will allow for browsing, searching, cross-querying and visualizing the created set of interlinked resources.

Published
2024
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23. Wearable Technologies for Monitoring Upper Extremity Functions During Daily Life in Neurologically Impaired Individuals

Author

Proietti, Tommaso and Bandini, Andrea

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Neurological disorders, including stroke, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease, generally lead to diminished upper extremity (UE) function, impacting individuals' independence and quality of life. Traditional assessments predominantly focus on standardized clinical tasks, offering limited insights into real-life UE performance. In this context, this review focuses on wearable technologies as a promising solution to monitor UE function in neurologically impaired individuals during daily life activities. Our primary objective is to categorize the different sensors, review the data collection and understand the employed data processing approaches. After screening over 1500 papers and including 21 studies, what comes to light is that the majority of them involved stroke survivors, and predominantly employed accelerometers or inertial measurement units to collect kinematics. Most analyses in these studies were performed offline, focusing on activity duration and frequency as key metrics. Although wearable technology shows potential in monitoring UE function in real-life scenarios, it also appears that a solution combining non-intrusiveness, lightweight design, detailed hand and finger movement capture, contextual information, extended recording duration, ease of use, and privacy protection remains an elusive goal. These are critical characteristics for a monitoring solution and researchers in the field should try to integrate the most in future developments. Last but not least, it stands out a growing necessity for a multimodal approach in capturing comprehensive data on UE function during real-life activities to enhance the personalization of rehabilitation strategies and ultimately improve outcomes for these individuals., Comment: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 2024

Published
2023
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24. Offloading systems for the treatment of neuropathic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for the development of the Italian guidelines for the treatment of diabetic foot syndrome

Author

Gauna, Carlotta, Romeo, Francesco, Scatena, Alessia, Miranda, Cesare, Uccioli, Luigi, Vermigli, Cristiana, Volpe, Antonio, Bordieri, Corrado, Tramonta, Rodolfo, Ragghianti, Benedetta, Bandini, Giulia, Monami, Matteo, and Monge, Luca

Published
2024
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25. Video-Based Hand Pose Estimation for Remote Assessment of Bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease

Author

Trebbau, Gabriela T. Acevedo, Bandini, Andrea, and Guarin, Diego L.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

There is a growing interest in using pose estimation algorithms for video-based assessment of Bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease (PD) to facilitate remote disease assessment and monitoring. However, the accuracy of pose estimation algorithms in videos from video streaming services during Telehealth appointments has not been studied. In this study, we used seven off-the-shelf hand pose estimation models to estimate the movement of the thumb and index fingers in videos of the finger-tapping (FT) test recorded from Healthy Controls (HC) and participants with PD and under two different conditions: streaming (videos recorded during a live Zoom meeting) and on-device (videos recorded locally with high-quality cameras). The accuracy and reliability of the models were estimated by comparing the models' output with manual results. Three of the seven models demonstrated good accuracy for on-device recordings, and the accuracy decreased significantly for streaming recordings. We observed a negative correlation between movement speed and the model's accuracy for the streaming recordings. Additionally, we evaluated the reliability of ten movement features related to bradykinesia extracted from video recordings of PD patients performing the FT test. While most of the features demonstrated excellent reliability for on-device recordings, most of the features demonstrated poor to moderate reliability for streaming recordings. Our findings highlight the limitations of pose estimation algorithms when applied to video recordings obtained during Telehealth visits, and demonstrate that on-device recordings can be used for automatic video-assessment of bradykinesia in PD., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables

Published
2023

26. Visible-Light Assisted Covalent Surface Functionalization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets with Arylazo Sulfones

Author

Lombardi, Lorenzo, Kovtun, Alessandro, Mantovani, Sebastiano, Bertuzzi, Giulio, Favaretto, Laura, Bettini, Cristian, Palermo, Vincenzo, Melucci, Manuela, and Bandini, Marco

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We present an environmentally benign methodology for the covalent functionalization (arylation) of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets with arylazo sulfones. A variety of tagged aryl units were conveniently accommodated at the rGO surface via visible light irradiation of suspensions of carbon nanostructured materials in aqueous media. Mild reaction conditions, absence of photosensitizers, functional group tolerance and high atomic fractions (XPS analysis) represent some of the salient features characterizing the present methodology. Control experiments for the mechanistic elucidation (Raman analysis) and chemical nanomanipulation of the tagged rGO surfaces are also reported.

Published
2023
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27. Diversidade genética entre etnovariedades de mandioca cultivadas em assentamentos rurais no Mato Grosso

Author

Mariéllen Schmith Wolf, Eliane Cristina Moreno de Pedri, Auana Vicente Tiago, Giovana Cuchi, and Ana Aparecida Bandini Rossi

Subjects
caracterização molecular, issr, manihot esculenta crantz, marcador dominante, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Technology
Abstract

A mandioca apresenta ampla diversidade genética, podendo ser analisada por meio de marcadores moleculares. Dentre os disponíveis, estão os ISSR que são marcadores dominantes, universais e com alto índice de polimorfismo. Diante disso, esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a diversidade genética entre etnovariedades de mandioca cultivadas em assentamentos rurais no norte do estado de Mato Grosso, por meio de marcadores moleculares ISSR. Foram coletadas folhas de 30 etnovariedades cultivadas em três assentamentos rurais (São Paulo, Jacaminho e São Pedro) localizados em três municípios (Carlinda, Alta Floresta e Paranaíta) no norte do estado de Mato Grosso, Brazil. Para a extração do DNA total, seguiu-se o método CTAB. As amplificações foram realizadas via PCR utilizando 15 primers ISSR. Os primers ISSR amplificaram 190 fragmentos, dos quais 76,32% foram polimórficos. Os métodos de agrupamento formaram cinco grupos, demonstrando que há diversidade genética entre as etnovariedades de mandioca, com destaque para JAC09 (Cacau talo roxo) e SPA04 (Mandioca pão) como as mais divergentes dentro do acervo. Os assentamentos rurais são importantes locais para a conservação on farm da espécie.

Published
2024
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28. Nailfold Video-Capillaroscopy in Sarcoidosis: New Perspectives and Challenges

Author

Maria Chianese, Gianluca Screm, Paola Confalonieri, Francesco Salton, Liliana Trotta, Beatrice Da Re, Antonio Romallo, Alessandra Galantino, Mario D’Oria, Michael Hughes, Giulia Bandini, Marco Confalonieri, Elisa Baratella, Lucrezia Mondini, and Barbara Ruaro

Subjects
sarcoidosis, nailfold video-capillaroscopy (NVC), connective tissue disease, inflammatory disease, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Introduction: Nailfold video-capillaroscopy (NVC) is a non-invasive cost-effective technique involving the microscopic examination of small blood vessels of the distal nailfold with a magnification device. It provides valuable information regarding the microcirculation including anomalies such as tortuous or dilated capillaries, hemorrhages, and avascular areas, which can characterize connective tissue diseases. The utility of NVC in the diagnosis and monitoring of systemic sclerosis (SSc) has been investigated in numerous studies allowing the distinction of the specific microvascular pattern of scleroderma from different conditions other than scleroderma (non-scleroderma pattern). Sarcoidosis (SA) is a systemic inflammatory disease that can affect various organs, including the lungs, skin, and lymph nodes. The purpose of our review was to evaluate the current state of the art in the use of NVC in the diagnosis of SA, to understand the indications for its use and any consequent advantages in the management of the disease in different settings in terms of benefits for patients. Materials and Methods: We searched for the key terms “sarcoidosis” and “video-capillaroscopy” in a computerized search of Pub-Med, extending the search back in time without setting limits. We provided a critical overview of the literature, based on a precise evaluation. After our analysis, we examined the six yielded works looking for answers to our questions. Results: Few studies have evaluated that microcirculation is often compromised in SA, with alterations in blood flow and consequent tissue damage. Discussion: Basing on highlighted findings, NVC appears to be a useful tool in the initial evaluation of sarcoidosis patients. Furthermore, capillaroscopy is useful in the evaluation of the coexistence of sarcoidosis and scleroderma spectrum disorder or overlap syndromes. Conclusions: In conclusions, no specific pattern has been described for sarcoidosis, and further re-search is needed to fully understand the implications of nailfold capillaroscopy find-ings in this disease and to establish standardized guidelines for its use in clinical practice.

Published
2024
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29. Leading with Artificial Intelligence: Insights for U.S. Civilian and Military Leaders on Strengthening the AI Workforce. Perspective: Expert Insights on a Timely Policy Issue. PE-A3414-1

Author

RAND Education and Labor, RAND Homeland Security Research Division (HSRD), RAND Project Air Force, Rachel Slama, Nelson Lim, Douglas Yeung, Elie Alhajjar, Contributor, Rushil Bakhshi, Contributor, Julia Bandini, Contributor, Dwayne M. Butler, Contributor, Avery Calkins, Contributor, Angela K. Clague, Contributor, Arianne Collopy, Contributor, Brandon Crosby, Contributor, Brandon De Bruhl, Contributor, Tuyen Dinh, Contributor, Fernando Esteves, Contributor, Susan M. Gates, Contributor, Charles A. Goldman, Contributor, Timothy R. Gulden, Contributor, Wenjing Huang, Contributor, Kelly Hyde, Contributor, Rita T. Karam, Contributor, Tracy C. Krueger, Contributor, Jonah Kushner, Contributor, Mary Lee, Contributor, Nelson Lim, Contributor, Maria C. Lytell, Contributor, Laurie T. Martin, Contributor, Nikolay Maslov, Contributor, Michael G. Mattock, Contributor, Skye A. Miner, Contributor, Alvin Moon, Contributor, Ojashwi Pathak, Contributor, Neeti Pokhriyal, Contributor, Carter C. Price, Contributor, Sean Robson, Contributor, Srikant Kumar Sahoo, Contributor, Morgan Sandler, Contributor, Anton Shenk, Contributor, Rachel Slama, Contributor, Éder M. Sousa, Contributor, Tobias Sytsma, Contributor, Ivy Todd, Contributor, John Vahedi, Contributor, Jessie Wang, Contributor, Madison Williams, Contributor, Jody Chin Sing Wong, Contributor, and Douglas Yeung, Contributor

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to significantly affect the American workforce -- both civilian and military personnel -- through job displacement, augmentation, and the need for widespread upskilling. President Biden's October 2023 executive order on AI emphasizes the government's commitment to upskilling the federal workforce in understanding, adopting, deploying, and using AI. Many federal agencies and U.S. Department of Defense entities have published AI guidance documents. Congress is also exploring the implications of advancements in AI in both the general and federal U.S. workforces. This publication is intended to inform the policymakers and leaders who are tasked with preparing civilian and military workers to create, use, and deploy AI in their jobs. The essays in this publication provide overviews of technical and organizational issues, challenges, and actionable insights to help organizations effectively integrate AI and equip personnel with AI-related skills.

Published
2024
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30. Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty.

Author

Haisma, Hinke, Hambly, Catherine, Hoffman, Daniel, Hoos, Marije, Hu, Sumei, Joonas, Noorjehan, Joosen, Annemiek, Katzmarzyk, Peter, Kempen, Kitty, Kimura, Misaka, Kraus, William, Kriengsinyos, Wantanee, Kuriyan, Rebecca, Kushner, Robert, Lambert, Estelle, Lanerolle, Pulani, Larsson, Christel, Lessan, Nader, Löf, Marie, Martin, Corby, Matsiko, Eric, Meijer, Gerwin, Morehen, James, Morton, James, Must, Aviva, Neuheuser, Marian, Nicklas, Theresa, Ojiambo, Robert, Pietilainen, Kirsi, Pitsiladis, Yannis, Plange-Rhule, Jacob, Plasqui, Guy, Prentice, Ross, Rabinovich, Roberto, Racette, Susan, Raichen, David, Ravussin, Eric, Redman, Leanne, Reilly, John, Reynolds, Rebecca, Roberts, Susan, Rood, Jennifer, Samaranayake, Dulani, Sardinha, Luís, Scuitt, Albertine, Silva, Analiza, Sinha, Srishti, Sjödin, Anders, Stice, Eric, Stunkard, Albert, Urlacher, Samuel, Valencia, Mauro, Valenti, Giulio, van Etten, Ludo, Van Mil, Edgar, Verbunt, Jeanine, Wells, Jonathan, Wilson, George, Wood, Brian, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Zhang, Xueying, Murphy-Alford, Alexia, Loechl, Cornelia, Luke, Amy, Pontzer, Herman, Sagayama, Hiroyuki, Westerterp, Klaas, Wong, William, Yamada, Yosuke, Speakman, John, Halsey, Lewis, Careau, Vincent, Ainslie, Philip, Alemán-Mateo, Heliodoro, Andersen, Lene, Anderson, Liam, Arab, Leonore, Baddou, Issad, Bandini, Linda, Bedu-Addo, Kweku, Blaak, Ellen, Blanc, Stephane, Bonomi, Alberto, Bouten, Carlijn, Bovet, Pascal, Brage, Soren, Buchowski, Maciej, Butte, Nancy, Camps, Stephan, Casper, Regian, Close, Graeme, Colbert, Lisa, Cooper, Jamie, Cooper, Richard, Dabare, Prasangi, Das, Sai, Davies, Peter, Deb, Sanjoy, and Nyström, Christine

Subjects
age, height, inter-individual variation, morphometry, weight, Adolescent, Young Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Adult, Puberty, Sexual Behavior, Reproduction, Energy Metabolism, Phenotype
Abstract

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks. We tested this hypothesis on a large dataset by comparing the amount of male variation and female variation in total EE, activity EE and basal EE, at different life stages, along with several morphological traits: height, fat free mass and fat mass. Total EE, and to some degree also activity EE, exhibit considerable greater male variation (GMV) in young adults, and then a decreasing GMV in progressively older individuals. Arguably, basal EE, and also morphometrics, do not exhibit this pattern. These findings suggest that single male sexual characteristics may not exhibit peak GMV in young adulthood, however total and perhaps also activity EE, associated with many morphological and physiological traits combined, do exhibit GMV most prominently during the reproductive life stages.

Published
2023

31. Anomalous colourations in surface water bodies: causes and examples reported by the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection and Energy of Emilia Romagna (ARPAE)

Author

Michela Del Pasqua, Fabrizio Bandini, Elena Morandi, Rita Antonellini, Marcello Masi, and Michele de Gioia

Subjects
Water discolouration, natural events, surface water bodies, Euglena sanguinea, purple sulphur bacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Surface water can exhibit a range of colours beyond the expected blue or green. These anomalous colourations can be triggered by different factors, both natural and anthropogenic, and not always are signs of pollution. This note explores the phenomenon of water discolouration, focusing on natural causes and analysing how factors such as algal and bacterial blooms influence water colour. The study provides examples of specific events that occurred in the Emilia-Romagna region and documented by ARPAE and highlights the importance of monitoring these colouration events in order to provide valuable insights into the health of water bodies and the surrounding environment.

Published
2025
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32. Localization

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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36. Review Exercises

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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37. Rings and Ideals

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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39. True or False?

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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40. Modules

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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42. The Ring K

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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43. Tensor Product

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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45. Rings

Author

Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, Sbarra, Enrico, Bandini, Andrea, Gianni, Patrizia, and Sbarra, Enrico

Published
2024
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49. Radiomics-based machine learning role in differential diagnosis between small renal oncocytoma and clear cells carcinoma on contrast-enhanced CT: A pilot study

Author

Roberto Francischello, Salvatore Claudio Fanni, Martina Chiellini, Maria Febi, Giorgio Pomara, Claudio Bandini, Lorenzo Faggioni, Riccardo Lencioni, Emanuele Neri, and Dania Cioni

Subjects
Small renal masses, Clear cells renal carcinoma, Renal Oncocytoma, Radiomics, Machine learning, CT, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the potential role of radiomics-based machine learning in differentiating small renal oncocytoma (RO) from clear cells carcinoma (ccRCC) on contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Material and methods: Fifty-two patients with small renal masses who underwent CECT before surgery between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively included in the study. At pathology examination 39 ccRCC and 13 RO were identified. All lesions were manually delineated unenhanced (B), arterial (A) and venous (V) phases. Radiomics features were extracted using three different fixed bin widths (bw) of 25 HU, 10 HU, and 5 HU from each phase (B, A, V), and with different combinations (B+A, B+V, B+A+V, A+V), leading to 21 different datasets. Montecarlo Cross Validation technique was used to quantify the estimator performance. The final model built using the hyperparameter selected with Optuna was trained again on the training set and the final performance evaluation was made on the test set. Results: The A+V bw 10 achieved the greater median (IQR) balanced accuracy considering all the models of 0.70 (0.64–0.75), while A bw 10 considering only the monophasic ones. The A bw 10 model achieved a median (IQR) sensitivity of 0.60 (0.40–0.60), specificity of 0.80 (0.73–0.87), AUC-ROC of 0.77 (0.66–0.84), accuracy of 0.75 (0.70–0.80), and a Phi Coefficient of 0.38 (0.20–0.47). None of the nine models with the lowest mean balanced accuracy values implemented features from A. Conclusion: The A bw 10 model was identified as the most efficient mono-phasic model in differentiating small RO from ccRCC.

Published
2024
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