Search

Proses pembuatan jamu oleh pengrajin jamu khususnya didaerah Bulakrejo kabupaten Sukoharjo dilakukan melalui pemarutan empon-empon secara manual. Hal demikian berimbas pada tingkat produksi yang kurang efisien, kebersihan serta keselamatan kerja yang tidak terjamin. Melalui program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pengertian dalam penggunaan mesin pemarut empon-empon selain itu UKM mampu bekerja secara efektif dalam proses pembuatan jamu tradisional. Metode yang dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan yakni dengan cara melakukan pelatihan pembuatan jamu tradisional berbahan empon-empon di UKM Sumber Waras Sukoharjo. Adapun tahapan pelaksanaan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat diantaranya adalah survey, pelaksanaan pelatihan dan penggunaan alat parut empon-empon semi-otomatis. Berdasarkan analisa dan proses kegiatan yang sudah dilaksanakan menunjukkan hasil bahwa Mesin pemarut empon-empon yang dibuat dapat dioprasikan dengan baik oleh mitra/peserta pelatihan. Selain itu, kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan proses produksi jamu dengan kualitas sesuai yang diharapkan.

S45C carbon steel is widely used as a raw material for tools and automotive components. In machine components, a material that has hard and ductile properties is also needed, with this problem, of course, it is necessary to have material engineering to improve the mechanical properties of steel in order to obtain good quality. The heat treatment process on the material has the advantage of improving mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heat treatment and shot peening on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the S45C carbon steel surface. S45C carbon steel was heat-treated at 900 oC and held for 15 minutes, then quenched using oil media. Next, the shot peening process was carried out with pressure variations of 4, 5, 6, and 7 bar for 20 minutes. Hardness testing was carried out using micro Vickers with a load of 0.49 N for 10 seconds. The results of the heat treatment on S45C material experienced an increase in hardness of 251.56 VHN compared to non-treatment, namely 187.38 VHN. Specimens that have been heated treated and shot peening with pressure variations of 4, 5, 6, and 7 bar experienced an increase in hardness of 286.18, 289.22, 357.24, and 450.22 VHN. The microstructure of the heat treatment material is formed by the phases of ferrite, pearlite, and martensite. The pearlite structure is denser and denser, showing increased hardness compared to non-treated S45C. Furthermore, the cross-sectional microstructure shows the depth of the shot peening effect as far as 130 μm. The surface of the specimen has a denser structure than the raw material.

AISI 304 is widely used as biomedical material due to its lower cost and availability, but low corrosion resistance. The shot peening method can increase the mechanical characteristics and corrosion resistance of a surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of shot peening surface treatment with a combination of steel ball diameter variations and pressure on corrosion resistance of AISI 304 material. Shot peening treatment was carried out using variations of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 mm steel ball diameters with a hardness of around 40-50 HRC. Shot peening pressure varies from 7, 8, and 9 bar. Corrosion rate testing was carried out using bovine serum media. The results showed that the best increase in corrosion resistance was 0.117 mpy for a steel ball diameter of 0.5 mm with a pressure of 9 bar, 3 times lower than that of non-treated specimens, which was 0.378 mpy.

Aluminum is a lightweight material that is commonly used in engine components. However, aluminum's low hardness and wear resistance, requires special treatment before being used as a component. Increasing the hardness and wear resistance of aluminum can be done by coating Titanium Nitride (TiN) with the sputtering method. In this study, the effect of sputtering time on Al-TiN coating on hardness and wear resistance was obtained. The deposition of titanium nitride thin films on aluminum using a gas ratio of Ar: N ((70:30%) with varied treatment times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Hardness and wear resistance were observed using Vickers hardness tester and Ogoshi High-Speed Universal. Whereas the morphology of the wear surface was observed by SEM. The result shows that the treatment time of 60 minutes obtained the highest hardness and minimum specific wear rate.

Saat ini hampir semua negara di dunia terjangkit virus corona baru SARS-CoV-2 atau penyakit Covid-19, tak terkecuali Indonesia. Sehingga perlu adanya tindakan nyata yang harus dilakukan untuk menanggulangi penyebaran virus corona. Telah dilakukan kegiatan disinfeksi menggunakan metode fogging dengan bantuan alat fogging electric 600W sebagai salah satu upaya penanggulangan dan pencegahan penyebaran virus covid-19, tujuan diadakannya program ini adalah untuk ikut berpartisipasi dalam pencegahan penyebaran virus covid-19 khususnya di daerah Bulakrejo, Sukoharjo dan desa Kadipiro, Surakarta. Terdapat empat tahapan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu tahap I: survey dan perizinan kepada pihak RW, tahap II: persiapan alat dan cairan disinfeksi, tahap III: pelaksanaan kegiatan disinfeksi dan tahap IV: evaluasi dan serah terima alat. Dari hasil kegiatan pengabdian tersebut didapat kesimpulan bahwa masyarakat memberikan respon yang positif terhadap kegiatan tersebut selain itu ada harapan dari masyarakat untuk mengadakan kegiatan serupa secara rutin dan berkelanjutan. Selain itu upaya kewaspadaan, pencegahan dan pengendalian COVID-19 di Lingkungan Bulakrejo dan Kadipiro merupakan bentuk wujud nyata yang dapat kami lakukan untuk mengabdi dan berperan serta dalam membantu memutus mata rantai penyebaran COVID-19.

Generally, metals are easy to wear, so material modification is needed to increase hardness to increase the material's resistance to wear and tear. One way is to do a hard chrome plating process using the electroplating method and then continue the heat treatment process. This research was conducted to observe changes in the mechanical properties and microstructure of S45C steel that underwent hard chrome and heat treatment processes. This research was conducted by inserting S45C steel as a cathode into hard chrome liquid and using lead (Pb) as the anode. A positive (+) current powers the anode, the cathode has a negative current (-), the voltage used is 12 V with a duration of 60 minutes. After the cathode was coated with hard chrome, a hardness test was carried out, then continued with the heat treatment process using a temperature of 850°C for 30 minutes. The hardness test results show an increase in the hardness of S45C steel that has been coated with hard chrome, with a hardness value of S45C steel 202.70 VHN, S45C hard chrome steel 998.63 VHN. The highest hardness value is S45C steel coated with hard chrome 998.63 VHN, increasing 392.7%. Then the heat treatment process experienced a decrease in the hardness value, 528.90 VHN, with a percentage of 88.81%. The results of the microstructure observation showed that the hard chrome layer that had been heated treated showed even cracks in the hard chrome layer.

Sampah merupakan masalah yang belum terselesaikan dimana 14% dari jumlah 30% sampah anorganik merupakan sampah plastik. Upaya dalam mengelola sampah plastik yaitu mengurangi ukuran sampah plastik untuk di kelola. Mesin pencacah plastik merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengurangi ukuran sampah plastik. Salah satu komponen penting dalam mesin pencacah plastik yaitu pisau. Penentuan bahan pada penggunaan pisau adalah salah satu langkah dalam proses pembuatan pisau. Simulasi model dalam pemilihan bahan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi bahan yang tepat secara segi mekanis. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan memiliki tujuan menentukan bahan yang efektif dengan menggunakan FEM dari segi pemenuhan standar karakteristik desain mekanis dari desain pisau. Hasilnya semua bahan yang diajukan memenuhi syarat desain dalam pembuatan pisau dengan kondisi pembebanan operasi. Namun, bahan yang direkomendasikan secara segi teknis mekanik dalam pembuatan pisau pencacah plastik yaitu JIS SUP 9. Hal tersebut dikarenakan memiliki nilai Equivalent (Von-Mises) Stress (27,695 x 10-2 MPa), Equivalent Elastic Strain (12,882 x 10-7 m/m), Total Deformation (17,722 x 10-10 m) dan Safety Factor (15) hasil simulasi yang optimal dari bahan lainnya.

Kebutuhan akan rumput gajah untuk pakan ternak di desa Curidan, Sukoharjo terus meningkat, hal tersebut berbanding lurus dengan populasi sapi yang juga meningkat. Rumput harus disediakan peternak sebagai pakan utama ternak setiap harinya, akan tetapi tingkat efektivitas konsumsi pakan ternak masih kurang. Kebanyakan peternak masih menggunakan proses pencacah rumput secara konvensional. Sehingga apabila rumput dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak maka dibutuhkan waktu dan tenaga yang lebih banyak. Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian masyarakat dengan menciptakan mesin tepat guna untuk membantu peran manusia dalam proses pencacah rumput dengan menggunakan mesin Pencacah. Mesin ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi produksi pakan ternak. Hasil program menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kapasitas produksi mengalami peningkatan sebesar 250% dari 200 kg/jam menjadi 500 kg/jam. Penggunaan mesin baru tetap bisa menjaga kualitas pada rumput sebagai sumber protein. Singkatnya, program pengabdian masyarakat telah memberikan perubahan positif dalam hal peningkatan efektivitas proses pencacahan pakan ternak bagi peternak sapi di desa Curidan, Parangjoro, Grogol, Sukoharjo

Baja karbon banyak digunakan untuk menjadi bahan dasar dari suatu komponen serta mempunyai banyak keunggulan. Namun demikian diperlukan peningkatan sifat fisis dan mekanis untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam penggunaannya. Salah satu cara meningkatkan sifat fisis dan mekanis tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan proses pelapisan dengan menggunakan metode electroplating. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi durasi pelapisan hard chrome terhadap kekerasan permukaan baja karbon S45C dan perubahan struktur mikro yang terbentuk. Pelapisan dilakukan dalam larutan elektrolit dengan kandungan asam kromat (CrO3) 350 gr/l dan asam sulfat (H2SO4) 1,2 ml/l. Anoda yang digunakan timah hitam (Pb) dan katoda baja S45C. Jarak antara anoda dan katoda yaitu 10 cm dengan tegangan 12 V. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa semakin lama durasi pelapisan maka nilai kekerasannya semakin meningkat. Nilai kekerasan yang diperoleh dari baja S45C setelah dilakukan pelapisan hard chrome pada durasi pelapisan 30, 45 dan 60 menit yaitu 773,54 VHN, 865,8 VHN dan 980,2 VHN. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 980,2 VHN pada durasi 60 menit. Kekerasan spesimen S45C setelah dilapisi hard chrome mengalami peningkatan sekitar 389% atau sebesar 980,2 VHN. Lapisan hard chrome yang diamati pada struktur mikro terbentuk secara merata.

This study investigated the effect of adding strontium (Sr)-doped cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles in carbonyl iron particle (CIP)-based magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were fabricated at different particle sizes using co-precipitation at calcination temperatures of 300 and 400 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to evaluate the morphology of the Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, which were found to be spherical. The average grain sizes were 71–91 nm and 118–157 nm for nanoparticles that had been calcinated at 300 and 400 °C, respectively. As such, higher calcination temperatures were found to produce larger-sized Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. To investigate the rheological effects that Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles have on CIP-based MRF, three MRF samples were prepared: (1) CIP-based MRF without nanoparticle additives (CIP-based MRF), (2) CIP-based MRF with Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles calcinated at 300 °C (MRF CIP+Sr-CoFe2O4-T300), and (3) CIP-based MRF with Sr-CoFe2O4 nanoparticles calcinated at 400 °C (MRF CIP+Sr-CoFe2O4-T400). The rheological properties of these MRF samples were then observed at room temperature using a rheometer with a parallel plate at a gap of 1 mm. Dispersion stability tests were also performed to determine the sedimentation ratio of the three CIP-based MRF samples.

Heat exchanger (HE) is a component of the main engine cooling system that plays a very important role in the process of changing the fluid temperature by exchanging the amount of heat with other fluids. The use of HE in the main engine cooling system should be considered in controlling after operation. HE performance can be analyzed using heat transfer analysis in the form of heat absorbed by HE (Q), LMTD and heat transfer coefficient (U). This study aims to analyze heat transfer in the form of calculations of absorbed heat, LMTD and heat transfer coefficient on the main engine HE KM Sumber Mutiara. This study measures the temperatures of fresh water and sea water entering and leaving the HE. In addition, measurement of water discharge and determination of the dimensions of the HE used for the main engine cooling system of KM Sumber Mutiara. This research shows that the highest heat value absorbed by HE (Q) is at RPM 1200 at 44.85 kJ/s, for the LMTD value at RPM 1000 at 45.69 oC and for the U value at RPM 1100 at 824 W/m2. oC. HE main engine KM Sumber Mutiara has not maximized its performance due to the fouling factor from sea water. The need for preventive maintenance and additional filters on the KM Sumber Mutiara Main Machine Heat Exchanger to increase the effectiveness of the HE.

The industrial world is currently growing rapidly. The need for JIS S45C as a structural steel is increasing which is used to manufacture machine components. Efforts to improve the mechanical properties of steel can use heat treatment and surface treatment. One of the surface treatments that is often used in the industrial world is shot peening. This study aims to determine the effect of annealing and shot peening treatment on S45C steel. The effect of treatment is indicated by changes in the results of both transverse and surface hardness tests and the microstructure of the treatment results. The result is a change in the value of hardness and microstructure changes in JIS S45C from the effect of annealing and shot peening treatments. The highest hardness in the annealing heat treatment and the 15 minute shot peening treatment was 252.08 kgf/mm2. The shot peening treatment causes the grains to become finer from the surface to the subsurface depending on the distance from the surface to the surface depth. These changes cause the surface and subsurface of JIS S45C carbon steel to increase in mechanical properties.

Proses modifikasi sederhana diperkenalkan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh laju pendinginan terhadap struktur mikro dan sifat mekanik dari baja karbon sedang. Baja karbon sedang dibentuk dan dipanaskan dalam tungku pada suhu 850 o C selama 30 menit dan didinginkan meggunakan laju pendinginan yang berbeda, yaitu: quenching, normalizing dan annealing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan baja karbon S45C menggunakan pendinginan quenching lebih tinggi dibandingkan normalizing dan anneling. Nilai kekerasan yang diperoleh dari baja karbon S45C setelah dilakukan proses perlakuan panas dengan quenching, normalizing, dan anneling yaitu 674 HV, 208 HV dan 150 HV. Kekerasan spesimen setelah diberi perlakuan panas dengan pendinginan quenching mengalami peningkatan sekitar 31,6% dibandingkan dengan raw material yaitu 213 HV. Struktur mikro yang dihasilkan pada permukaan spesimen setelah diberi perlakuan panas dengan pendinginan quenching mengalami deformasi struktur ferrit menjadi pearlit dan martensit.

Cast iron used as a base material in the automotive and manufacturing industries requires that it has mechanical properties and characteristics that need to be adapted to the properties and purpose of the application. Research works aim to analyze the effect of before and after heat treatment process on mechanical properties and microstructure cast iron material for the automotive and manufacturing industry. This study using 3 various methods of the heat treatment process are annealing , normalizing , and quenching . The specimens will be burning on the furnace chamber using temperature 850°C and holding time 20 minutes until the specimens are fully austenitized. For the analysis effect of the heat treatment process of cast iron, the microstructure test and micro-hardness measurement was carried out. The result of this works that the difference in the heat treatment process will affect structural and mechanical properties where the annealing method on cast iron will cause a decrease in hardness, this is due to the ferrite phase which increasingly dominates the matrix. The quenching method will cause a significant increase in the hardness of 104% so that the quenched material is appropriate for application to parts that require brittle such as gears, guides rail, etc.

AISI 304 is a type of stainless steel used for load bearing implants due to relatively low cost. However, its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance must be improved to the level of AISI 316L, cobalt-based alloys, titanium and titanium alloy properties. Its fatigue characteristic is also one of the most important criteria have to be evaluated to achieve the overall service performance requirements, when this material subjected to dynamic load. High surface hardness may delay fatigue crack initiation and decrease corrosion rate because these two processes initiated at surface layer. The purpose of this research is to investigate the change in mechanical and corrosion characteristics of AISI 304 due to shot peening processes.Surface treatment with shot peening process were done by regulating the variation time for 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes at the firing pressure of 7 bar; using 0,6 mm steel ball with hardness of 40-50 HRC. Firing distance between the nozzle with the specimen surface is 100 mm. Surface hardness was tested using indentation load of 10 grams for 10 seconds. Pitting corrosion test of treated AISI304 and non treated AISI316L was conducted in intravenous Otsu-RL brands as corrosion media. Pitting corrosion was performed using cyclic polarization methodThe hardness of surface layer increase with increasing shot-peening time. According to increase of length of shot-peening time from 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes the hardness of these specimen increase to 241, 404, 418, 437, 481 and 496 VHN, respectively. The pitting corrosion rate tend to significantly decrease with increasing of shot peening time. According to increase of length of shot peening time from 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes the pitting corrosion rate of these specimen also decrease to 0.853, 0.619, 0.086, 0.017, 0.116 and 0.036 mpy, respectively. Pitting corrosion rate of AISI316L is 0.042 mpy. Best pitting corrosion rate of treated AISI304 is 2.5 times smaller than that of non treated AISI316L. Therefore, shot-peening could be used to increase hardness number and reduce pitting corrosion rate, significanly.

The amount of plastic waste each year will increase by 10% every year which is a problem for a country. Therefore, proper processing of plastic waste needs to be done. Before being processed into plastic waste processing, it is necessary to have a chopping process using a plastic chopping machine. The plastic chopping machine has an important component, namely the chopping knife. Before carrying out the knife manufacturing process, it is necessary to validate the design of the blade that is used with its loading. Model simulation using software is one way to quickly validate the model. This study aims to determine the effect of loading variations on stress, strain, deformation and safety factors of the model. The use of ANSYS R17.2 software is used to analyze the chopping machine knife model with a variation of 5kg / hour, 10kg / hour, 20kg / hour and 50kg / hour capacities. The result is that the stress, strain and deformation parameters have an increase in value with increasing loading variations. The greatest values of stress, strain and deformation are in the variation of 50kg / hour respectively 64.995 Pa; 336.76 and 56,358 x 10-11mm. The value of the safety factor for all variations of loading has a value of 15. The value of the safety factor means that the design of the plastic chopping knife is safe to use up to a loading of 50kg / hour

Cu35Zn is a metal with a copper matrix that has the properties of forgings and has good corrosion resistance. Cu35Zn is commonly known as brass metal. Brass is widely used by industry to make various metal components. Brass for engine components must be able to withstand statistical and dynamic loads. One of these components is a ship propeller made of brass. These components must be able to withstand axial loads and have high corrosion resistance. To improve physical and mechanical properties, surface treatment needs to be done with the shot peening method. Shot peening is done with steel shot ball with a diameter of 0.5 mm with a hardness of 40-50 HRC. Shooting distance between nozzles and 100 mm specimens for 4, 6 and 8 minutes. The shot peening pressure varies 7, 8 and 9 bars. Corrosion tests according to the ASTM G5-94 standard are carried out in a 3.5% NaCl solution, instead of seawater. The results showed an increase in the best corrosion resistance of 0.028 mpy at 8 Bar shot pressure, which is 2.8 times compared to raw materials.

Stainless steel 316L is widely used in medical applications. AISI 316L has good mechanical properties, good corrosion resistance and easy fabrication. On the other hand, 316L should be upgraded its surface mechanical properties for implantable materials. One of the treatment used is shot peening. shot peening can increase surface hardness in the presence of micro structure changes. These changes are due to plastic deformation and residual stress. This study discusses the effect of shooting time duration of 2, 4, 10, 20, and 30 against the micro structure and surface hardness. The steel balls used are 0.6mm in diameter and 40-50 HRC hardness with 8 bar pressure during shooting. the results of surface hardness on the duration of 2, 4, 10, 20, and 30 minutes obtained respectively are 296.7 HV, 380.8 HV, 425.8 HV, 445.0 HV, 504.9 HV and 523.1 HV. The surface hardness is increased due to structural changes on the surface and sub-surface of the shot peening material. The result of micro structure obtained is that with increasing duration of shot peening and the increasing of hardness value of surface hence grain size at sub surface that is smaller after treatment. Shot peening caused hardness of material 316L stainless steel and made grain of microstructure sub layer.