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Cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) is an innovative indicator of large‐artery stiffness, which is evaluated by the pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement. Mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases among the general public with high‐risk conditions such as hypertension are usually associated with arterial stiffness. CAVI modelizes the hazard of future cardiovascular events with standard risk factors. Additionally, the "European Society of Hypertension and Cardiology" included the aortic PWV assessment in managing hypertension in their updated guidelines in 2007. We conducted this systematic review to collect, summarize, and evaluate the evidence from relevant reported studies. A literature search of four databases was conducted comprehensively until February 2024. Cardiovascular events are the primary outcome of interest in this study, cardiovascular events that have been defined as major adverse cardiac events include "heart failure", "stroke", "myocardial infarction", "cardiovascular deaths", "stable angina pectoris", "coronary revascularization", and "unstable angina pectoris". We included five studies with a 11 698 sample size in this systematic review. All five prospective studies investigated composite cardiovascular events as an outcome. Three of them revealed a statistically significant prediction ability of CAVI to assess Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Further analysis is required. Current evidence is insufficient to confirm the predictive power of CAVI in the assessment of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients. CAVI is modestly associated with incidents of CVD risk. It is necessary to conduct further studies to assess CAVI concerning CVD predictor measures in the masses and nations other than Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke is a major cause of adult disability, prompting the exploration of innovative rehabilitation methods. Virtual rehabilitation (VR), leveraging technological advances, has gained popularity as a treatment for stroke recovery., Methodology: The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English within the last decade, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. The authors searched databases such as Medline/PubMed, and the Cochrane Library using specific search keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, focusing on RCTs involving adult stroke patients undergoing VR rehabilitation, with outcomes related to motor function and quality of life., Results: The authors included 15 studies in our meta-analysis. VR rehabilitation offers several advantages over traditional therapy, such as enhanced feedback and increased patient motivation. Engaging VR environments helps improve focus during treatment, potentially boosting recovery from post-stroke impairments. VR therapies significantly benefit motor function, which can improve activities of daily living and overall quality of life., Conclusion: VR has demonstrated efficacy in improving motor function and quality of life for stroke survivors. Future research should explore patient variability and refine intervention methods. Incorporating VR into rehabilitation programs could optimize stroke recovery outcomes., Competing Interests: All authors do not have any conflict of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)