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104 results on '"Ball, S. M."'

1. Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe): the tropical North Atlantic experiments

Author

Lee, J. D, McFiggans, G., Allan, J. D, Baker, A. R, Ball, S. M, Benton, A. K, Carpenter, L. J, Commane, R., Finley, B. D, Evans, M., Fuentes, E., Furneaux, K., Goddard, A., Good, N., Hamilton, J. F, Heard, D. E, Herrmann, H., Hollingsworth, A., Hopkins, J. R, Ingham, T., Irwin, M., Jones, C. E, Jones, R. L, Keene, W. C, Lawler, M. J, Lehmann, S., Lewis, A. C, Long, M. S, Mahajan, A., Methven, J., Moller, S. J, Müller, K., Müller, T., Niedermeier, N., O'Doherty, S., Oetjen, H., Plane, J. M. C, Pszenny, A. A. P, Read, K. A, Saiz-Lopez, A., Saltzman, E. S, Sander, R., von Glasow, R., Whalley, L., Wiedensohler, A., and Young, D.

Subjects
sea-salt aerosol, nonmethane hydrocarbons, ozone destruction, doas measurements, iodine chemistry, eastern atlantic, indian-ocean, mace head, troposphere, bromine
Published
2010

2. Instrument intercomparison of glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and NO2 under simulated atmospheric conditions

Author

Thalman, Ryan, Baeza_Romero, Maria Teresa, Ball, S. M., Borrás, Esther, Daniels, M. J. S., Goodall, I. C. A., Henry, S. B., Karl, Thomas, Keutsch, F. N., Kim, Saewung, Mak, J., Monks, Paul, Muñoz, Amalia, Orlando, J., Peppe, S., Rickard, A. R., Ródenas García, Milagros, Sánchez, P., Seco, Roger, Su, L., Tyndall, Geoffrey, Vázquez, M., VERA, TERESA, Waxman, Eleanor, and VOLKAMER, RAINER

Subjects
glyoxal, Instrument intercomparison, simulated atmospheric conditions, lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, lcsh:TA170-171, NO2, methyl glyoxal, lcsh:Environmental engineering
Abstract

The α-dicarbonyl compounds glyoxal (CHOCHO) and methyl glyoxal (CH3C(O)CHO) are produced in the atmosphere by the oxidation of hydrocarbons and emitted directly from pyrogenic sources. Measurements of ambient concentrations inform about the rate of hydrocarbon oxidation, oxidative capacity, and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. We present results from a comprehensive instrument comparison effort at two simulation chamber facilities in the US and Europe that included nine instruments, and seven different measurement techniques: broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS), cavity-enhanced differential optical absorption spectroscopy (CE-DOAS), white-cell DOAS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, two separate instruments), laser-induced phosphorescence (LIP), solid-phase micro extraction (SPME), and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS, two separate instruments; for methyl glyoxal only because no significant response was observed for glyoxal). Experiments at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) compare three independent sources of calibration as a function of temperature (293–330 K). Calibrations from absorption cross-section spectra at UV-visible and IR wavelengths are found to agree within 2% for glyoxal, and 4% for methyl glyoxal at all temperatures; further calibrations based on ion–molecule rate constant calculations agreed within 5% for methyl glyoxal at all temperatures. At the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE) all measurements are calibrated from the same UV-visible spectra (either directly or indirectly), thus minimizing potential systematic bias. We find excellent linearity under idealized conditions (pure glyoxal or methyl glyoxal, R2 > 0.96), and in complex gas mixtures characteristic of dry photochemical smog systems (o-xylene/NOx and isoprene/NOx, R2 > 0.95; R2 ∼ 0.65 for offline SPME measurements of methyl glyoxal). The correlations are more variable in humid ambient air mixtures (RH > 45%) for methyl glyoxal (0.58 < R2 < 0.68) than for glyoxal (0.79 < R2 < 0.99). The intercepts of correlations were insignificant for the most part (below the instruments' experimentally determined detection limits); slopes further varied by less than 5% for instruments that could also simultaneously measure NO2. For glyoxal and methyl glyoxal the slopes varied by less than 12 and 17% (both 3-σ) between direct absorption techniques (i.e., calibration from knowledge of the absorption cross section). We find a larger variability among in situ techniques that employ external calibration sources (75–90%, 3-σ), and/or techniques that employ offline analysis. Our intercomparison reveals existing differences in reports about precision and detection limits in the literature, and enables comparison on a common basis by observing a common air mass. Finally, we evaluate the influence of interfering species (e.g., NO2, O3 and H2O) of relevance in field and laboratory applications. Techniques now exist to conduct fast and accurate measurements of glyoxal at ambient concentrations, and methyl glyoxal under simulated conditions. However, techniques to measure methyl glyoxal at ambient concentrations remain a challenge, and would be desirable.

Published
2015
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3. Effects of halogens on European air-quality

Author

Sherwen, T., primary, Evans, M. J., additional, Sommariva, R., additional, Hollis, L. D. J., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Reed, C., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Forster, G., additional, Bandy, B., additional, Reeves, C. E., additional, and Bloss, W. J., additional

Published
2017
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4. Intercomparison of NO3 radical detection instruments in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR

Author

Dorn, H.-P., Apodaca, R. L., Ball, S. M., Brauers, T., Brown, S. S., Crowley, J. N., Dubé, W. P., Fuchs, H., Häseler, R., Heitmann, U., Jones, R. L., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Labazan, I., Langridge, J. M., Meinen, J., Mentel, T. F., Platt, U., Pöhler, D., Rohrer, F., Ruth, A. A., Schlosser, E., Schuster, G., Shillings, A. J. L., Simpson, W. R., Thieser, J., Tillmann, R., Varma, R., Venables, D. S., and Wahner, A.

Subjects
lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, ddc:550, NO3 broadband optical cavity, lcsh:TA170-171, NO3 detection, Tropospheric NO3, Spectroscopy, lcsh:Environmental engineering
Abstract

The detection of atmospheric NO3 radicals is still challenging owing to its low mixing ratios (≈ 1 to 300 pptv) in the troposphere. While long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) has been a well-established NO3 detection approach for over 25 yr, newly sensitive techniques have been developed in the past decade. This publication outlines the results of the first comprehensive intercomparison of seven instruments developed for the spectroscopic detection of tropospheric NO3. Four instruments were based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), two utilised open-path cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS), and one applied "classical" long-path DOAS. The intercomparison campaign "NO3Comp" was held at the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich (Germany) in June 2007. Twelve experiments were performed in the well-mixed chamber for variable concentrations of NO3, N2O5, NO2, hydrocarbons, and water vapour, in the absence and in the presence of inorganic or organic aerosol. The overall precision of the cavity instruments varied between 0.5 and 5 pptv for integration times of 1 s to 5 min; that of the DOAS instrument was 9 pptv for an acquisition time of 1 min. The NO3 data of all instruments correlated excellently with the NOAA-CRDS instrument, which was selected as the common reference because of its superb sensitivity, high time resolution, and most comprehensive data coverage. The median of the coefficient of determination (r2) over all experiments of the campaign (60 correlations) is r2 = 0.981 (quartile 1 (Q1): 0.949; quartile 3 (Q3): 0.994; min/max: 0.540/0.999). The linear regression analysis of the campaign data set yielded very small intercepts (median: 1.1 pptv; Q1/Q3: −1.1/2.6 pptv; min/max: −14.1/28.0 pptv), and the slopes of the regression lines were close to unity (median: 1.01; Q1/Q3: 0.92/1.10; min/max: 0.72/1.36). The deviation of individual regression slopes from unity was always within the combined accuracies of each instrument pair. The very good correspondence between the NO3 measurements by all instruments for aerosol-free experiments indicates that the losses of NO3 in the inlet of the instruments were determined reliably by the participants for the corresponding conditions. In the presence of inorganic or organic aerosol, however, differences in the measured NO3 mixing ratios were detectable among the instruments. In individual experiments the discrepancies increased with time, pointing to additional NO3 radical losses by aerosol deposited onto the filters or on the inlet walls of the instruments. Instruments using DOAS analyses showed no significant effect of aerosol on the detection of NO3. No hint of a cross interference of NO2 was found. The effect of non-Lambert–Beer behaviour of water vapour absorption lines on the accuracy of the NO3 detection by broadband techniques was small and well controlled. The NO3Comp campaign demonstrated the high quality, reliability and robustness of performance of current state-of-the-art instrumentation for NO3 detection.

Published
2013
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5. A broadband cavity ringdown spectrometer for in-situ measurements of atmospheric trace gases

Author

Bitter, M., Ball, S. M., Povey, I. M., Roderic Jones, EGU, Publication, Centre for Atmospheric Science [Cambridge, UK], and University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes a broadband cavity ringdown spectrometer and its deployment during the 2002 North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (NAMBLEX) to measure ambient concentrations of NO3, N2O5, I2 and OIO at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station, Co. Galway, Ireland. The effective absorption path lengths accessible with the spectrometer generally exceeded 10 km, enabling sensitive localised ''point'' measurements of atmospheric absorbers to be made adjacent to the other instruments monitoring chemically related species at the same site. For the majority of observations, the spectrometer was used in an open path configuration thereby avoiding surface losses of reactive species. A subset of observations targeted the N2O5 molecule by detecting the additional NO3 formed by the thermal dissociation of N2O5. In all cases the concentrations of the atmospheric absorbers were retrieved by fitting the differential structure in the broadband cavity ringdown spectra using a methodology adapted from long path differential optical absorption spectroscopy. The uncertainty of the retrieval depends crucially on the correct treatment and fitting of the absorption bands due to water vapour, a topic that is discussed in the context of analysing broadband cavity ringdown spectra. The quality of the measurements and the retrieval method are illustrated with representative spectra acquired during NAMBLEX in spectral regions around 660 nm (NO3 and N2O5) and 570 nm (I2 and OIO). Typical detection limits were 1 pptv for NO3 in an integration time of 100 s, 4 pptv for OIO and 20 pptv for I2 in an integration time of 10 min. Additionally, the concentrations of atmospheric water vapour and the aerosol optical extinction were retrieved in both spectral regions. A companion paper in this issue presents the time series of the measurements and discusses their significance for understanding the variability of short lived nitrogen and iodine compounds in the marine boundary layer.

Published
2005
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6. The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (NAMBLEX). Overview of the campaign held at Mace Head, Ireland, in summer 2002

Author

Heard, D. E., Read, K. A., Methven, J., Al-Haider, S., Bloss, W. J., Johnson, G. P., Pilling, M. J., Seakins, P. W., Smith, S. C., Sommariva, R., Stanton, J. C., Still, T. J., Brooks, B., De Leeuw, G., Jackson, A. V., Mcquaid, J. B., Morgan, R., Smith, M. H., Carpenter, L. J., Carslaw, N., Hamilton, J., Hopkins, J. R., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., Purvis, R. M., Wevill, D. J., Brough, N., Green, T., Mills, G., Penkett, S. A., Plane, J. M. C., Saiz-Lopez, A., Worton, D., Monks, P. S., Fleming, Z., Rickard, A. R., Alfarra, M., Allan, J. D., Bower, K., Coe, H., Cubison, M., Flynn, M., Mcfiggans, G., Gallagher, M., Norton, E. G., O'Dowd, C. D., Shillito, J., Topping, D., Vaughan, G., Williams, P., Bitter, M., Ball, S. M., Jones, R. L., Povey, I. M., O'Doherty, S., Simmonds, P. G., Allen, A., Kinnersley, R. P., Beddows, D. C. S., Dall'Osto, M., Harrison, R. M., Donovan, R. J., Heal, M. R., Jennings, S. G., Noone, C., Spain, G., EGU, Publication, School of Chemistry [Leeds], University of Leeds, Department of Meteorology [Reading], University of Reading (UOR), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements ([Cranfield] (FAAM), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich], University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Department of Chemistry [Leicester], University of Leicester, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEAES), University of Manchester [Manchester], National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), University Chemical Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol [Bristol], School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], and University of Edinburgh

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 13. Climate action, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 14. Life underwater
Abstract

International audience; The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (NAMBLEX), involving over 50 scientists from 12 institutions, took place at Mace Head, Ireland (53.32° N, 9.90° W), between 23 July and 4 September 2002. A wide range of state-of-the-art instrumentation enabled detailed measurements of the boundary layer structure and atmospheric composition in the gas and aerosol phase to be made, providing one of the most comprehensive in situ studies of the marine boundary layer to date. This overview paper describes the aims of the NAMBLEX project in the context of previous field campaigns in the Marine Boundary Layer (MBL), the overall layout of the site, a summary of the instrumentation deployed, the temporal coverage of the measurement data, and the numerical models used to interpret the field data. Measurements of some trace species were made for the first time during the campaign, which was characterised by predominantly clean air of marine origin, but more polluted air with higher levels of NOx originating from continental regions was also experienced. This paper provides a summary of the meteorological measurements and Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) structure measurements, presents time series of some of the longer-lived trace species (O3, CO, H2, DMS, CH4, NMHC, NOx, NOy, PAN) and summarises measurements of other species that are described in more detail in other papers within this special issue, namely oxygenated VOCs, HCHO, peroxides, organo-halogenated species, a range of shorter lived halogen species (I2, OIO, IO, BrO), NO3 radicals, photolysis frequencies, the free radicals OH, HO2 and (HO2+?RO2), as well as a summary of the aerosol measurements. NAMBLEX was supported by measurements made in the vicinity of Mace Head using the NERC Dornier-228 aircraft. Using ECMWF wind-fields, calculations were made of the air-mass trajectories arriving at Mace Head during NAMBLEX, and were analysed together with both meteorological and trace-gas measurements. In this paper a chemical climatology is presented to interpret the distribution of air-mass origins and emission sources, and to provide a convenient framework of air-mass classification that is used by other papers in this issue for the interpretation of observed variability in levels of trace gases and aerosols.

Published
2005

7. Instrument inter-comparison of glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; under simulated atmospheric conditions

Author

Thalman, R., primary, Baeza-Romero, M. T., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Borrás, E., additional, Daniels, M. J. S., additional, Goodall, I. C. A., additional, Henry, S. B., additional, Karl, T., additional, Keutsch, F. N., additional, Kim, S., additional, Mak, J., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Muñoz, A., additional, Orlando, J., additional, Peppe, S., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Ródenas, M., additional, Sánchez, P., additional, Seco, R., additional, Su, L., additional, Tyndall, G., additional, Vázquez, M., additional, Vera, T., additional, Waxman, E., additional, and Volkamer, R., additional

Published
2014
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8. Supplementary material to "Instrument inter-comparison of glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and NO2 under simulated atmospheric conditions"

Author

Thalman, R., primary, Baeza-Romero, M. T., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Borrás, E., additional, Daniels, M. J. S., additional, Goodall, I. C. A., additional, Henry, S. B., additional, Karl, T., additional, Keutsch, F. N., additional, Kim, S., additional, Mak, J., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Muñoz, A., additional, Orlando, J., additional, Peppe, S., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Ródenas, M., additional, Sánchez, P., additional, Seco, R., additional, Su, L., additional, Tyndall, G., additional, Vázquez, M., additional, Vera, T., additional, Waxman, E., additional, and Volkamer, R., additional

Published
2014
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9. Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions

Author

Harrison, R. M., Dall'Osto, M., Beddows, D. C. S., Thorpe, A. J., Bloss, W. J., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Dorsey, J. R., Gallagher, M., Martin, C., Whitehead, J., Williams, P. I., Jones, R.L., Langridge, J. M., Benton, A. K., Ball, S. M., Langford, Ben, Hewitt, C. N., Davison, Brian, Martin, D., Petersson, K. F., Henshaw, S. J., White, I. R., Shallcross, D. E., Barlow, J. F., Dunbar, T., Davies, F., Nemitz, E., Phillips, G. J., Helfter, C., Di Marco, C. F., Smith, S., Harrison, R. M., Dall'Osto, M., Beddows, D. C. S., Thorpe, A. J., Bloss, W. J., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Dorsey, J. R., Gallagher, M., Martin, C., Whitehead, J., Williams, P. I., Jones, R.L., Langridge, J. M., Benton, A. K., Ball, S. M., Langford, Ben, Hewitt, C. N., Davison, Brian, Martin, D., Petersson, K. F., Henshaw, S. J., White, I. R., Shallcross, D. E., Barlow, J. F., Dunbar, T., Davies, F., Nemitz, E., Phillips, G. J., Helfter, C., Di Marco, C. F., and Smith, S.

Abstract

The REgents PARk and Tower Environmental Experiment (REPARTEE) comprised two campaigns in London in October 2006 and October/November 2007. The experiment design involved measurements at a heavily trafficked roadside site, two urban background sites and an elevated site at 160–190 m above ground on the BT Tower, supplemented in the second campaign by Doppler lidar measurements of atmospheric vertical structure. A wide range of measurements of airborne particle physical metrics and chemical composition were made as well as measurements of a considerable range of gas phase species and the fluxes of both particulate and gas phase substances. Significant findings include (a) demonstration of the evaporation of traffic-generated nanoparticles during both horizontal and vertical atmospheric transport; (b) generation of a large base of information on the fluxes of nanoparticles, accumulation mode particles and specific chemical components of the aerosol and a range of gas phase species, as well as the elucidation of key processes and comparison with emissions inventories; (c) quantification of vertical gradients in selected aerosol and trace gas species which has demonstrated the important role of regional transport in influencing concentrations of sulphate, nitrate and secondary organic compounds within the atmosphere of London; (d) generation of new data on the atmospheric structure and turbulence above London, including the estimation of mixed layer depths; (e) provision of new data on trace gas dispersion in the urban atmosphere through the release of purposeful tracers; (f) the determination of spatial differences in aerosol particle size distributions and their interpretation in terms of sources and physico-chemical transformations; (g) studies of the nocturnal oxidation of nitrogen oxides and of the diurnal behaviour of nitrate aerosol in the urban atmosphere, and (h) new information on the chemical composition and source apportionment of particulate matter size fra

Published
2012

10. An aircraft based three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for simultaneous measurements of NO3, N 2O5 and NO2

Author

Kennedy, O. J., Ouyang, B., Langridge, J. M., Daniels, M. J.S., Bauguitte, S., Freshwater, R., McLeod, M. W., Ironmonger, C., Sendall, J., Norris, O., Nightingale, R., Ball, S. M., Jones, R. L., Kennedy, O. J., Ouyang, B., Langridge, J. M., Daniels, M. J.S., Bauguitte, S., Freshwater, R., McLeod, M. W., Ironmonger, C., Sendall, J., Norris, O., Nightingale, R., Ball, S. M., and Jones, R. L.

Abstract

A three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) instrument has been developed for airborne measurements of atmospheric trace gases involved in night-time oxidation chemistry and air quality. The instrument was deployed on board the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements BAe 146-301 atmospheric research aircraft during the Role of Nighttime Chemistry in Controlling the Oxidising Capacity of the Atmosphere (RONOCO) measurement campaigns between December 2009 and January 2011. In its present configuration (i.e. specifications of the cavity optics and spectrometers) the instrument is designed to measure NO3, N2O5 (by detection of NO3 after thermal dissociation of N2O5), H 2O and NO2 by characterising the wavelength dependent optical attenuation within ambient samples by molecular absorption around 662 nm (NO3 and H2O) and 445 nm (NO2). This paper reports novel advancements in BBCEAS instrumentation including a refined method for performing BBCEAS mirror reflectivity calibrations using measurements of the phase delay introduced by the optical cavities to amplitude modulated radiation. Furthermore, a new methodology is introduced for fitting the strong but unresolved transitions of water vapour, which is required for accurate retrieval of water absorption features from the 662 nm absorption band used to measure NO3 concentrations. The paper also details the first example of airborne measurements of NO3, N2O5 and NO2 over Europe from a flight over the North Sea and Thames Estuary on the night of the 20 July 2010, one of the most polluted days of the RONOCO summertime flying period. As part of this analysis, the performance of the BBCEAS instrument is assessed by comparing airborne NO2 measurements to those reported concurrently by a photolytic chemiluminescence based detector.

Published
2011

11. A smog chamber comparison of a microfluidic derivatisation measurement of gas-phase glyoxal and methylglyoxal with other analytical techniques

Author

Pang, X., primary, Lewis, A. C., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Baeza-Romero, M. T., additional, Adams, T. J., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Daniels, M. J. S., additional, Goodall, I. C. A., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Peppe, S., additional, Ródenas García, M., additional, Sánchez, P., additional, and Muñoz, A., additional

Published
2014
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13. A smog chamber comparison of a microfluidic derivatization measurement of gas-phase glyoxal and methylglyoxal with other analytical techniques

Author

Pang, X., primary, Lewis, A. C., additional, Richard, A., additional, Baeza-Romero, M. T., additional, Adams, T. J., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Daniels, M. J. S., additional, Goodall, I. C. A., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Peppe, S., additional, Ródenas García, M., additional, Sánchez, P., additional, and Muñoz, A., additional

Published
2013
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14. Intercomparison of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; radical detection instruments in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR

Author

Dorn, H.-P., primary, Apodaca, R. L., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Brauers, T., additional, Brown, S. S., additional, Crowley, J. N., additional, Dubé, W. P., additional, Fuchs, H., additional, Häseler, R., additional, Heitmann, U., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Kiendler-Scharr, A., additional, Labazan, I., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Meinen, J., additional, Mentel, T. F., additional, Platt, U., additional, Pöhler, D., additional, Rohrer, F., additional, Ruth, A. A., additional, Schlosser, E., additional, Schuster, G., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Simpson, W. R., additional, Thieser, J., additional, Tillmann, R., additional, Varma, R., additional, Venables, D. S., additional, and Wahner, A., additional

Published
2013
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15. Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions

Author

Harrison, R. M., primary, Dall'Osto, M., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Thorpe, A. J., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Coe, H., additional, Dorsey, J. R., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Martin, C., additional, Whitehead, J., additional, Williams, P. I., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Benton, A. K., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Langford, B., additional, Hewitt, C. N., additional, Davison, B., additional, Martin, D., additional, Petersson, K. F., additional, Henshaw, S. J., additional, White, I. R., additional, Shallcross, D. E., additional, Barlow, J. F., additional, Dunbar, T., additional, Davies, F., additional, Nemitz, E., additional, Phillips, G. J., additional, Helfter, C., additional, Di Marco, C. F., additional, and Smith, S., additional

Published
2012
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16. Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions

Author

Harrison, R. M., primary, Dall'Osto, M., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Thorpe, A. J., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Coe, H., additional, Dorsey, J. R., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Martin, C., additional, Whitehead, J., additional, Williams, P. I., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Benton, A. K., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Langford, B., additional, Hewitt, C. N., additional, Davison, B., additional, Martin, D., additional, Petersson, K., additional, Henshaw, S. J., additional, White, I. R., additional, Shallcross, D. E., additional, Barlow, J. F., additional, Dunbar, T., additional, Davies, F., additional, Nemitz, E., additional, Phillips, G. J., additional, Helfter, C., additional, Di Marco, C. F., additional, and Smith, S., additional

Published
2011
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17. An aircraft based three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for simultaneous measurements of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

Author

Kennedy, O. J., primary, Ouyang, B., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Daniels, M. J. S., additional, Bauguitte, S., additional, Freshwater, R., additional, McLeod, M. W., additional, Ironmonger, C., additional, Sendall, J., additional, Norris, O., additional, Nightingale, R., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, and Jones, R. L., additional

Published
2011
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19. Measurements and modelling of molecular iodine emissions, transport and photodestruction in the coastal region around Roscoff

Author

Leigh, R. J., primary, Ball, S. M., additional, Whitehead, J., additional, Leblanc, C., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Mahajan, A. S., additional, Oetjen, H., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Jones, C. E., additional, Dorsey, J. R., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Potin, P., additional, and McFiggans, G., additional

Published
2010
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25. Iodine-mediated coastal particle formation: an overview of the Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe) Roscoff coastal study

Author

McFiggans, G., primary, Bale, C. S. E., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Beames, J. M., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Dorsey, J., additional, Dunk, R., additional, Flynn, M. J., additional, Furneaux, K. L., additional, Gallagher, M. W., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Hollingsworth, A. M., additional, Hornsby, K., additional, Ingham, T., additional, Jones, C. E., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Kramer, L. J., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Leblanc, C., additional, LeCrane, J.-P., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Leigh, R. J., additional, Longley, I., additional, Mahajan, A. S., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Oetjen, H., additional, Orr-Ewing, A. J., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Potin, P., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Thomas, F., additional, von Glasow, R., additional, Wada, R., additional, Whalley, L. K., additional, and Whitehead, J. D., additional

Published
2010
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26. Intercomparison of measurements of NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR during the NO3Comp campaign

Author

Fuchs, H., primary, Ball, S. M., additional, Bohn, B., additional, Brauers, T., additional, Cohen, R. C., additional, Dorn, H.-P., additional, Dubé, W. P., additional, Fry, J. L., additional, Häseler, R., additional, Heitmann, U., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Kleffmann, J., additional, Mentel, T. F., additional, Müsgen, P., additional, Rohrer, F., additional, Rollins, A. W., additional, Ruth, A. A., additional, Kiendler-Scharr, A., additional, Schlosser, E., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Tillmann, R., additional, Varma, R. M., additional, Venables, D. S., additional, Villena Tapia, G., additional, Wahner, A., additional, Wegener, R., additional, Wooldridge, P. J., additional, and Brown, S. S., additional

Published
2010
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27. Iodine-mediated coastal particle formation: an overview of the Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe) Roscoff coastal study

Author

McFiggans, G., primary, Bale, C. S. E., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Beames, J. M., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Dorsey, J., additional, Dunk, R., additional, Flynn, M. J., additional, Furneaux, K. L., additional, Gallagher, M. W., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Hollingsworth, A. M., additional, Hornsby, K., additional, Ingham, T., additional, Jones, C. E., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Kramer, L. J., additional, Langridge, J. M., additional, Leblanc, C., additional, LeCrane, J.-P., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Leigh, R. J., additional, Longley, I., additional, Mahajan, A. S., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Oetjen, H., additional, Orr-Ewing, A. J., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Potin, P., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Thomas, F., additional, von Glasow, R., additional, Wada, R., additional, Whalley, L. K., additional, and Whitehead, J. D., additional

Published
2009
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29. Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe): the tropical North Atlantic experiments

Author

Lee, J. D., primary, McFiggans, G., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Baker, A. R., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Benton, A. K., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Commane, R., additional, Finley, B. D., additional, Evans, M., additional, Fuentes, E., additional, Furneaux, K., additional, Goddard, A., additional, Good, N., additional, Hamilton, J. F., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Herrmann, H., additional, Hollingsworth, A., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Ingham, T., additional, Irwin, M., additional, Jones, C. E., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Keene, W. C., additional, Lawler, M. J., additional, Lehmann, S., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Long, M. S., additional, Mahajan, A., additional, Methven, J., additional, Moller, S. J., additional, Müller, K., additional, Müller, T., additional, Niedermeier, N., additional, O'Doherty, S., additional, Oetjen, H., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Pszenny, A. A. P., additional, Read, K. A., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Saltzman, E. S., additional, Sander, R., additional, von Glasow, R., additional, Whalley, L., additional, Wiedensohler, A., additional, and Young, D., additional

Published
2009
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30. Intercomparison of measurements of NO2 concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR during the NO3Comp campaign

Author

Fuchs, H., primary, Ball, S. M., additional, Bohn, B., additional, Brauers, T., additional, Cohen, R. C., additional, Dorn, H.-P., additional, Dubé, W. P., additional, Fry, J. L., additional, Häseler, R., additional, Heitmann, U., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Kleffmann, J., additional, Mentel, T. F., additional, Müsgen, P., additional, Rohrer, F., additional, Rollins, A. W., additional, Ruth, A. A., additional, Kiendler-Scharr, A., additional, Schlosser, E., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Tillmann, R., additional, Varma, R. M., additional, Venables, D. S., additional, Villena Tapia, G., additional, Wahner, A., additional, Wegener, R., additional, Wooldridge, P. J., additional, and Brown, S. S., additional

Published
2009
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31. Measurements and modelling of molecular iodine emissions, transport and photodestruction in the coastal region around Roscoff

Author

Leigh, R. J., primary, Ball, S. M., additional, Whitehead, J., additional, Leblanc, C., additional, Shillings, A. J. L., additional, Mahajan, A. S., additional, Oetjen, H., additional, Dorsey, J. R., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Potin, P., additional, and McFiggans, G., additional

Published
2009
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32. Night-time radical chemistry during the NAMBLEX campaign

Author

Sommariva, R., primary, Pilling, M. J., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Fleming, Z. L., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Brough, N., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, and Read, K. A., additional

Published
2007
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33. Instrument intercomparison of glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and NO2 under simulated atmospheric conditions.

Author

Thalman, R., Baeza-Romero, M. T., Ball, S. M., Borrás, E., Daniels, M. J. S., Goodall, I. C. A., Henry, S. B., Karl, T., Keutsch, F. N., Kim, S., Mak, J., Monks, P. S., Muñoz, A., Orlando, J., Peppe, S., Rickard, A. R., Ródenas, M., Sánchez, P., Seco, R., and Su, L.

Subjects
CARBONYL compounds, WEATHER, GLYOXAL, ATMOSPHERE, HYDROCARBONS, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
Abstract

Theα-dicarbonyl compounds glyoxal (CHOCHO) and methyl glyoxal (CH3C(O)CHO) are produced in the atmosphere by the oxidation of hydrocarbons and emitted directly from pyrogenic sources. Measurements of ambient concentrations inform about the rate of hydrocarbon oxidation, oxidative capacity, and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. We present results from a comprehensive instrument comparison effort at two simulation chamber facilities in the US and Europe that included nine instruments, and seven different measurement techniques: broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS), cavity-enhanced differential optical absorption spectroscopy (CE-DOAS), white-cell DOAS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, two separate instruments), laser-induced phosphorescence (LIP), solid-phase micro extraction (SPME), and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS, two separate instruments; for methyl glyoxal only because no significant response was observed for glyoxal). Experiments at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) compare three independent sources of calibration as a function of temperature (293- 330 K). Calibrations from absorption cross-section spectra at UV-visible and IR wavelengths are found to agree within 2% for glyoxal, and 4% for methyl glyoxal at all temperatures; further calibrations based on ion-molecule rate constant calculations agreed within 5% for methyl glyoxal at all temperatures. At the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE) all measurements are calibrated from the same UV-visible spectra (either directly or indirectly), thus minimizing potential systematic bias. We find excellent linearity under idealized conditions (pure glyoxal or methyl glyoxal, R2 > 0:96), and in complex gas mixtures characteristic of dry photochemical smog systems (o-xylene/NOx and isoprene/NOx, R2 > 0:95; R2 ~ 0:65 for offline SPME measurements of methyl glyoxal). The correlations are more variable in humid ambient air mixtures (RH>45 %) for methyl glyoxal (0:58 < R2 < 0:68) than for glyoxal (0:79 < R2 < 0:99). The intercepts of correlations were insignificant for the most part (below the instruments' experimentally determined detection limits); slopes further varied by less than 5% for instruments that could also simultaneously measure NO2. For glyoxal and methyl glyoxal the slopes varied by less than 12 and 17% (both 3-σ) between direct absorption techniques (i.e., calibration from knowledge of the absorption cross section). We find a larger variability among in situ techniques that employ external calibration sources (75-90 %, 3-σ), and/or techniques that employ offline analysis. Our intercomparison reveals existing differences in reports about precision and detection limits in the literature, and enables comparison on a common basis by observing a common air mass. Finally, we evaluate the influence of interfering species (e.g., NO2, O3 and H2O) of relevance in field and laboratory applications. Techniques now exist to conduct fast and accurate measurements of glyoxal at ambient concentrations, and methyl glyoxal under simulated conditions. However, techniques to measure methyl glyoxal at ambient concentrations remain a challenge, and would be desirable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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34. Night-time radical chemistry during the NAMBLEX campaign

Author

Sommariva, R., primary, Pilling, M. J., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Heard, D. E., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Fleming, Z. L., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Brough, N., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, and Read, K. A., additional

Published
2006
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35. The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment(NAMBLEX). Overview of the campaign held at Mace Head, Ireland, in summer 2002

Author

Heard, D. E., primary, Read, K. A., additional, Methven, J., additional, Al-Haider, S., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Johnson, G. P., additional, Pilling, M. J., additional, Seakins, P. W., additional, Smith, S. C., additional, Sommariva, R., additional, Stanton, J. C., additional, Still, T. J., additional, Ingham, T., additional, Brooks, B., additional, De Leeuw, G., additional, Jackson, A. V., additional, McQuaid, J. B., additional, Morgan, R., additional, Smith, M. H., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Carslaw, N., additional, Hamilton, J., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Purvis, R. M., additional, Wevill, D. J., additional, Brough, N., additional, Green, T., additional, Mills, G., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Worton, D., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Fleming, Z., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Alfarra, M. R., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Bower, K., additional, Coe, H., additional, Cubison, M., additional, Flynn, M., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Norton, E. G., additional, O'Dowd, C. D., additional, Shillito, J., additional, Topping, D., additional, Vaughan, G., additional, Williams, P., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Povey, I. M., additional, O'Doherty, S., additional, Simmonds, P. G., additional, Allen, A., additional, Kinnersley, R. P., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Dall'Osto, M., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Donovan, R. J., additional, Heal, M. R., additional, Jennings, S. G., additional, Noone, C., additional, and Spain, G., additional

Published
2006
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38. The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (NAMBLEX). Overview of the campaign held at Mace Head, Ireland, in summer 2002

Author

Heard, D. E., primary, Read, K. A., additional, Methven, J., additional, Al-Haider, S., additional, Bloss, W. J., additional, Johnson, G. P., additional, Pilling, M. J., additional, Seakins, P. W., additional, Smith, S. C., additional, Sommariva, R., additional, Stanton, J. C., additional, Still, T. J., additional, Brooks, B., additional, De Leeuw, G., additional, Jackson, A. V., additional, McQuaid, J. B., additional, Morgan, R., additional, Smith, M. H., additional, Carpenter, L. J., additional, Carslaw, N., additional, Hamilton, J., additional, Hopkins, J. R., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Lewis, A. C., additional, Purvis, R. M., additional, Wevill, D. J., additional, Brough, N., additional, Green, T., additional, Mills, G., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Plane, J. M. C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Worton, D., additional, Monks, P. S., additional, Fleming, Z., additional, Rickard, A. R., additional, Alfarra, M., additional, Allan, J. D., additional, Bower, K., additional, Coe, H., additional, Cubison, M., additional, Flynn, M., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Gallagher, M., additional, Norton, E. G., additional, O’Dowd, C. D., additional, Shillito, J., additional, Topping, D., additional, Vaughan, G., additional, Williams, P., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Ball, S. M., additional, Jones, R. L., additional, Povey, I. M., additional, O’Doherty, S., additional, Simmonds, P. G., additional, Allen, A., additional, Kinnersley, R. P., additional, Beddows, D. C. S., additional, Dall’Osto, M., additional, Harrison, R. M., additional, Donovan, R. J., additional, Heal, M. R., additional, Jennings, S. G., additional, Noone, C., additional, and Spain, G., additional

Published
2005
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45. Intercomparison of NO3 radical detection instruments in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR.

Author

Dorn, H.-P., Apodaca, R. L., Ball, S. M., Brauers, T., Brown, S. S., Crowley, J. N., Dubé, W. P., Fuchs, H., Häseler, R., Heitmann, U., Jones, R. L., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Labazan, I., Langridge, J. M., Meinen, J., Mentel, T. F., Platt, U., D. Pöhler, Rohrer, F., and Ruth, A. A.

Subjects
NITROGEN tetroxide, TROPOSPHERE, LIGHT absorption, SIMULATION methods & models, HYDROCARBONS
Abstract

The detection of atmospheric NO3 radicals is still challenging owing to its low mixing ratios (≈1 to 300 pptv) in the troposphere. While long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) is a well established NO3 detection approach for over 25 yr, newly sensitive techniques have been developed in the past decade. This publication outlines the results of the first comprehensive intercomparison of seven instruments developed for the spectroscopic detection of tropospheric NO3. Four instruments were based on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), two utilised open-path cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS), and one applied "classical" long-path DOAS. The intercomparison campaign "NO3Comp" was held at the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich (Germany) in June 2007. Twelve experiments were performed in the well mixed chamber for variable concentrations of NO3, N2O5, NO2, hydrocarbons, and water vapour, in the absence and in the presence of inorganic or organic aerosol. The overall precision of the cavity instruments varied between 0.5 and 5 pptv for integration times of 1 s to 5min; that of the DOAS instrument was 9 pptv for an acquisition time of 1 min. The NO3 data of all instruments correlated excellently with the NOAA-CRDS instrument, which was selected as the common reference because of its superb sensitivity, high time resolution, and most comprehensive data coverage. The median of the coefficient of determination (r2) over all experiments of the campaign (60 correlations) is r2 =0.981 (25th/75th percentiles: 0.949/0.994; min/max: 0.540/0.999). The linear regression analysis of the campaign data set yielded very small intercepts (1.2±5.3 pptv) and the average slope of the regression lines was close to unity (1.02, min: 0.72, max: 1.36). The deviation of individual regression slopes from unity was always within the combined accuracies of each instrument pair. The very good correspondence between the NO3 measurements by all instruments for aerosol-free experiments indicates that the losses of NO3 in the inlet of the instruments were determined reliably by the participants for the corresponding conditions. In the presence of inorganic or organic aerosol, however, differences in the measured NO3 mixing ratios were detectable among the instruments. In individual experiments the discrepancies increased with time, pointing to additional NO3 radical losses by aerosol deposited onto the inlet walls of the instruments. Instruments using DOAS analyses showed no significant effect of aerosol on the detection of NO3. No hint of a cross interference of NO2 was found. The effect of non-Lambert-Beer behaviour of water vapour absorption lines on the accuracy of the NO3 detection by broadband techniques was small and well controlled. The NO3Comp campaign demonstrated the high quality, reliability and robustness of performance of current state-of-the-art instrumentation for NO3 detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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46. Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions.

Author

Harrison, R. M., Dall'Osto, M., Beddows, D. C. S., Thorpe, A. J., Bloss, W. J., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Dorsey, J. R., Gallagher, M., Martin, C., Whitehead, J., Williams, P. I., Jones, R. L., Langridge, J. M., Benton, A. K., Ball, S. M., Langford, B., Hewitt, C. N., Davison, B., and Martin, D.

Abstract

The Regents Park and Tower Environmental Experiment (REPARTEE) comprised two campaigns in London in October 2006 and October/November 2007. The experiment design involved measurements at a heavily trafficked roadside site, two urban background sites and an elevated site at 160-190m above ground on the BT Tower, supplemented in the second campaign by Doppler lidar measurements of atmospheric vertical structure. A wide range of measurements of airborne particle physical metrics and chemical composition were made as well as measurements of a considerable range of gas phase species and the fluxes of both particulate and gas phase substances. Significant findings include (a) demonstration of the evaporation of traffic-generated nanoparticles during both horizontal and vertical atmospheric transport; (b) generation of a large base of information on the fluxes of nanoparticles, accumulation mode particles and specific chemical components of the aerosol and a range of gas phase species, as well as the elucidation of key processes and comparison with emissions inventories; (c) quantification of vertical gradients in selected aerosol and trace gas species which has demonstrated the important role of regional transport in influencing concentrations of sulphate, nitrate and secondary organic compounds within the atmosphere of London; (d) generation of new data on the atmospheric structure and turbulence above London, including the estimation of mixed layer depths; (e) provision of new data on trace gas dispersion in the urban atmosphere through the release of purposeful tracers; (f) the determination of spatial differences in aerosol particle size distributions and their interpretation in terms of sources and physico-chemical transformations; (g) studies of the nocturnal oxidation of nitrogen oxides and of the diurnal behaviour of nitrate aerosol in the urban atmosphere, and (h) new information on the chemical composition and source apportionment of particulate matter size fractions in the atmosphere of London derived both from bulk chemical analysis and aerosol mass spectrometry with two instrument types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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47. An aircraft based three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for simultaneous measurements of NO3, N2O5 and NO2.

Author

Kennedy, O. J., Ouyang, B., Langridge, J. M., Daniels, M. J. S., Bauguitte, S., Freshwater, R., McLeod, M.W., Ironmonger, C., Sendall, J., Norris, O., Nightingale, R., Ball, S. M., and Jones, R. L.

Subjects
SPECTRUM analysis, ABSORPTION spectra, SPECTROSCOPE, SPECTROMETRY, NITROGEN oxides, NITRATES, ATMOSPHERIC chemistry
Abstract

The article discusses the development of a three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) instrument for airborne measurements of atmospheric trace gases involved in night-time oxidation chemistry. It its present configuration, BBCEAS instrument is developed to measure nitrate, dinitrogen penoxide, and nitrogen dioxide. It describes novel advancements in BBCEAS instrumentation.

Published
2011
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48. An aircraft based three channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for simultaneous measurements of NO3, N2O5 and NO2.

Author

Kennedy, O. J., Ouyang, B., Langridge, J. M., Daniels, M. J. S., Bauguitte, S., Freshwater, R., McLeod, M. W., Ironmonger, C., Sendall, J., Norris, O., Nightingale, R., Ball, S. M., and Jones, R. L.

Subjects
SPECTRUM analysis instruments, TRACE gases, ATMOSPHERIC chemistry, METEOROLOGICAL instruments, RESEARCH aircraft, ATMOSPHERIC research, EQUIPMENT & supplies
Abstract

The article discusses the development of an aircraft-based broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) instrument for measuring atmospheric trace gases involved in oxidation chemistry and air quality in Great Britain. The instrument was deployed on board of the country's Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements BAe 146-301 atmospheric research aircraft between December 2009 and January 2011. It further explores the assessment of the performance of the BBCEAS instrument.

Published
2011
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49. Night-time chemistry above London: measurements of NO3 and N2O5 from the BT Tower during REPARTEE-II.

Author

Benton, A. K., Langridge, J. M., Ball, S. M., Bloss, W. J., Dall'Osto, M., Nemitz, E., Harrison, R. M., and Jones, R. L.

Abstract

Broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) has been used to measure the sum of concentrations of NO3 and N2O5 from the BT (telecommunications) Tower 160m above street level in central London during the REPARTEE II campaign in October and November 2007. Substantial variability was observed in these night-time nitrogen compounds: peak NO3+N2O5 mixing ratios reached 800 pptv, whereas the mean night-time NO3+N2O5 was approximately 30 pptv. Additionally, [NO3+N2O5] showed negative correlations with [NO] and [NO2] and a positive correlation with [O3]. Co-measurements of temperature and NO2 from the BT Tower were used to calculate the equilibrium partitioning between NO3 and N2O5 which was always found to strongly favour N2O5 (NO3/N2O5=0.01 to 0.04). Two methods are used to calculate the lifetimes for NO3 and N2O5, the results being compared and discussed in terms of the implications for the night-time oxidation of nitrogen oxides and the nighttime sinks for NOy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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50. Intercomparison of measurements of NO2 concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR during the NO3Comp campaign.

Author

Fuchs, H., Ball, S. M., Bohn, B., Brauers, T., Cohen, R. C., Dorn, H.-P., Dubé, W. P., Fry, J. L., Häseler, R., Heitmann, U., Jones, R. L., Kleffmann, J., Mentel, T. F., Müsgen, P., Rohrer, F., Rollins, A. W., Ruth, A. A., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Schlosser, E., and Shillings, A. J. L.

Subjects
NITROGEN oxide absorption & adsorption, SPECTRUM analysis instruments, SIMULATION methods & models, LASER spectroscopy, BROADBAND dielectric spectroscopy
Abstract

The article discusses the measurement of nitrogen oxide concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber by using various instruments. It highlights the analytical methods used including pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and broadband cavity ring-down spectroscopy (BBCRDS). It also notes that all of the absorption spectrometers were optimized to discover the main target species during the NO3Comp Campaign.

Published
2010
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