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Background: Historically, a large gender-related disparity in vascular access (VA) has been demonstrated, with there being a lower prevalence of women with arteriovenous fistula (AVF) compared to men, and women have worse maturity rates. The cause of this difference is not entirely clear, although several reasons that could contribute to it have been hypothesized. The emergence of new percutaneous FAV (pFAV) systems could be an alternative for reducing these differences. Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is a gender difference in the creation of AVFs using new percutaneous systems. Material and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by searching PubMed and Google Scholar using the following terms: “percutaneous arteriovenous fistula”, “endovascular arteriovenous fistula”, and “hemodialysis”. All clinical trials, comparative studies, and descriptive studies involving patients who underwent a pAVF were included. Results: Finally, the review includes 19 studies, comprising 14 retrospective studies and 5 prospective studies. Of these, six studies are comparative, five of which compare pAVFs with surgically created AVFs (sAVFs), and one compares pAVFs performed using different systems with each other. A total of 1269 patients were included in the review. Of the total number of patients, only 414 were women, representing 32.62% of patients. Conclusions: The number of women included in the various studies analyzing pAVF remains very low, representing less than one-third of all patients. Although the causes of this difference are not entirely clear, several reasons have been hypothesized, such as socioeconomic factors, anatomical factors, or even patients’ preferences. Given these results, further studies are needed to try to clarify the reasons for this gender disparity and to establish different strategies to mitigate the barriers faced by women in accessing AVFs.

El presente artículo busca presentar la tradición constitucional ibero-latinoamericana como una de las cunas del constitucionalismo occidental, como precursora de sus di­versas etapas (liberal, social e internacional de los derechos humanos) y como referen­te de interesantes diseños jurídicos y experiencias políticas, de gran utilidad para los estudiosos de la comparación en el ámbito de las disciplinas humanísticas y sociales.

Background: Introduction: Prehabilitation in the field of oncology has been defined as “the process in the continuum of care that occurs between diagnosis and the start of treatment involving physical and psychological measures that determine the patient’s baseline functional status.” Aim: To determine the effectiveness of a Prehabilitation consultation on self-care and targeted physical exercise for patients diagnosed with abdominopelvic cancer. Design: An observational study that will evaluate the pre-post efficacy of an ad-hoc designed Prehabilitation intervention. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with colon or gynecological cancer with a surgical indication as part of their therapeutic plan from the General Surgery Services. It is configured around four key interventions: (a) health education and self-care, (b) specific nutritional counseling, (c) initial psychological assessment, and (d) directed physical exercise intervention. Health education, self-care interventions, and physical exercise will be carried out weekly from diagnosis to the scheduled surgery day. Results: Aspects such as self-care capacity or agency, perioperative anxiety, aerobic capacity, strength and flexibility, postoperative complications, and recovery time to adjuvant treatment will be measured using tools such as Appraisal of self-care agency scale (ASA), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), walking test, sit and Reach, Hand Grip or Squad Jump. Conclusion: Utilizing validated tools for analyzing selected variables will contribute to refining and expanding care guidelines, ultimately enhancing support for both patients and their caregivers.

Background: Exercise is an accepted intervention to improve the quality of life (QoL) of breast cancer patients. Exercise programs have been developed, and all have shown satisfactory results in improving the QoL. There is a lack of research comparing different prescription modalities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise (in-person and home-based, compared to the exercise recommendation) on the QoL in breast cancer patients actively undergoing treatment. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial with three groups (in-person: guided and supervised in-person exercise program; home-based exercise: guided and supervised exercise program with streaming monitoring both as a intervention groups; and recommendation: exercise recommendation as a control group). The QoL was measured using the EORTIC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. A baseline and 24-week analysis were investigated. Results: The total sample analyzed was n = 80. The QoL improved significantly at 24 weeks in the face-to-face and home-based exercise groups, but not in the control group. Exercise in all modalities improved fatigue, nausea, vomiting, appetite, and constipation. The QoL at 24 weeks depended on active chemotherapy, tumor type, and assigned exercise group (r2 = 0.503; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The QoL in breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment improved after a 24-week exercise program, especially in face-to-face and home-based exercise. Home-based exercise and streaming-based recommendation is a viable option for exercise recommendation.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of a synchronous-supervised online home-based exercise program (HBG) during 24 weeks on body composition, physical fitness and adherence compared to an exercise recommendation group (ERG) without supervision with patients undergoing breast cancer treatment. Fifty-nine female breast cancer patients (31 in HBG and 28 in the ERG) undergoing cancer treatments participated in the present randomized clinical trial. The exercise program consisted of a 60 min combined resistance and aerobic supervised exercise session (6–8 points on Borg Scale CR-10, moderate intensity), twice a week during 24 weeks. The exercise recommendation group only received general recommendations to comply with the current ACSM guidelines. Body composition and physical fitness were assessed at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks of the program. Adherence to the intervention was measured according to the minutes of exercise completed per session during each week. A general linear model of two-way repeated measures showed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in physical fitness that were observed in the home-based exercise group at the baseline, 12-week and 24-week assessments compared to the exercise recommendation group. Adherence was also higher in the home-based exercise group. However, no changes (p > 0.05) in body composition between groups and moments were observed. In this sense, supervised home-based exercise interventions can be an interesting strategy to improve physical fitness and adherence rates in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

Evaluating archaeobotanical data from over 3.9 million seeds and 124,300 charcoal fragments across 330 archaeological site phases in Southwest Asia, we reconstruct the history of olive and grape cultivation spanning a period of 6,000 years. Combining charcoal and seed data enables investigation into both the production and consumption of olive and grape. The earliest indication for olive and grape cultivation appears in the southern Levant around ca. 5000 BC and 4th millennium BC respectively, although cultivation may have been practiced prior to these dates. Olive and grape cultivation in Southwest Asia was regionally concentrated within the Levant until 600 BC, although there were periodic pushes to the East. Several indications for climate influencing the history of olive and grape cultivation were found, as well as a correlation between periods of high population density and high proportions of olive and grape remains in archaeological sites. While temporal uncertainty prevents a detailed understanding of the causal mechanisms behind these correlations, we suggest that long distance trade in olives, grapes and their associated products was integral to the economic, social, and demographic trajectories of the region.

Background and Aims: Efforts to humanize childbirth focus on promoting skin-to-skin contact, labor accompaniment, and breastfeeding. Despite these advancements, cesarean sections often lack a consideration of immediate mother–child contact, early breastfeeding initiation, and follow-up. This underscores the need for a ‘natural’ approach to cesarean sections, aiming to ‘humanize’ the procedure and emulate some aspects of vaginal birth. Materials and Methods: An observational longitudinal cohort study was conducted, involving pregnant women scheduled for a cesarean section. Two comparison groups were established: one undergoing conventional cesarean sections and the other receiving a humanization intervention. While in “conventional cesarean sections,” newborns are separated from mothers at birth, preventing actions such as early breastfeeding or skin-to-skin contact, and maternal companionship is lacking in the operating room, the intervention of cesarean section humanization was based on avoiding the separation of the mother and newborn, promoting skin-to-skin contact, early breastfeeding, and maternal accompaniment during surgery. Descriptive data on maternal and neonatal variables, including breastfeeding initiation, maintenance, and baby weight trends, were collected. Additionally, a validated survey assessed the pain, satisfaction, and anxiety among the 73 participating women. Results: Women undergoing natural cesarean sections reported higher satisfaction, lower anxiety, and reduced postoperative pain, requiring less analgesia. Although their exclusive breastfeeding rates at 10 days postpartum showed no significant difference, statistically significant differences favored natural cesarean sections at 3 months (67.5% vs. 25%) and 6 months (50% vs. 4.5%). Neonates in the natural cesarean group exhibited greater weight gain at 10 days postpartum compared to those delivered conventionally (+49.90 g vs. −39.52 g). No significant differences in blood counts were observed between the groups. Conclusions: This study underscores the manifold advantages offered by the natural cesarean procedure compared to the conventional cesarean approach. Notably, a NC demonstrates superior outcomes in terms of heightened maternal satisfaction with the obstetric process, the enhanced sustainability of exclusive breastfeeding, and augmented neonatal weight gain.

(1) Background: Ultra-endurance exercise involves a high physical impact, resulting in muscle damage, inflammatory response and production of free radicals that alter the body’s oxidative state. Supplementation with antioxidants, such as beetroot, may improve recovery in ultra-endurance runners. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between beetroot intake and recovery of serum oxidative status, inflammatory response and muscle damage parameters after an ultra-endurance race. (2) Methods: An observational and longitudinal study was conducted by means of surveys and blood samples collected from 32 runners during the IX Penyagolosa Trails CSP®® race and the two following days. The variables C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as the oxidative damage markers malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl groups (CG) and loss of muscle strength using the squat jump (SJ) test were analyzed to discriminate whether beetroot consumption can modulate the recovery of ultra-trail runners. (3) Results: Significant differences were observed between runners who ingested beetroot and those who did not, in terms of oxidative status, specifically in serum GPx activity at 24 and 48 h, muscle damage variables CK and LDH and regarding the SJ test results at the finish line. Therefore, the intake of supplements containing beetroot positively influences the recovery of serum oxidative status and muscle damage after ultra-endurance running.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la inclusión de la combinación de virginiamicina (Vi) y monensina (Mo) en una dieta de engorde basada en maíz entero. Ciento noventa y dos vaquillonas Angus de 330 ± 38 kg de peso vivo (PV) fueron asignadas en grupos de a 4 en 48 corrales. Los corrales fueron distribuidos al azar a la combinación de tratamientos resultantes de la combinación factorial de 3 dietas (Dieta) y 2 grados de terminación (GT). El factor Dieta consistió en el uso de aditivos en una dieta basada en maíz entero: SA (sin Mo y sin Vi), Mo (con inclusión de Mo) y MoVi (con Mo y Vi). El factor GT se definió en 2 grados de terminación medido en cobertura subcutánea dorsal (EGD) combinado con peso a faena. El primero, GT1, tuvo por meta 6 a 7 mm de EGD y 440 a 450 kg PV y el segundo, GT2, 8 a 9 mm y 470 a 480 kg PV. Alcanzada la primera meta a los 82 días se procedió a la faena de los animales de los corrales de GT1. El grupo GT2 alcanzó la segunda meta a los 96 días. La dieta se basó en maíz entero, heno de mijo picado y un concentrado proteico con minerales, vitaminas. Se realizaron determinaciones ecográficas de EGD cada 15 días a partir del día 60 del experimento. Los animales se pesaron los días 0, 32, 82 y 96 de estudio y se calculó el ADPV parcial entre pesadas y global. Adicionalmente se realizaron determinaciones ecográficas de EGD y área de ojo de bife (AOB) el día 0. El consumo diario de materia seca fue registrado continuamente y reportado en términos absolutos (CMS) y en relación con el PV (CMSPV). La eficiencia de conversión (EfC) se calculó como ADPV/CMS para la duración de cada GT. A la faena se realizaron determinaciones de peso de res (PR) y rendimiento de res en caliente (Rres). Setenta y dos horas después se determinaron AOB y EDG sobre la sección de músculo Longissimusthorasis en corte transversal a la altura de la 10.. costilla de la ½ res izquierda. Tanto para GT1 como GT2 no se detectaron efectos de Dieta (P≥0,93) en PV de las pesadas parciales o finales. En GT1, el ADPV entre los 32 y 82 días resultó superior (P0,05) efectos de Dieta en PR, Rres, EGD o AOB. La inclusión de la combinación de Mo y Vi permitió controlar el CMS y mejorar la EfC. La mejora no tuvo efectos diferenciales sobre los principales parámetros de la res.

Mastitis is the inflammation of one or several mammal lobes which can be accompanied by a mammary gland infection, and is the leading cause of undesired early weaning in humans. However, little information exists regarding the changes that this disease may induce in the biochemical composition of human milk, especially in terms of oxidative status. Given that newborns are subject to a significant increase in total ROS burden in their transition to neonatal life and that their antioxidant defense system is not completely developed, the aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant defense (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total polyphenol content (TPP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) in milk samples from mothers suffering from mastitis and controls. We also measured the oxidative damage to lipids (malondyaldehyde (MDA)) and proteins (carbonyl group content (CGC)) in these samples. Finally, we tested whether dietary supplementation with cranberries (a product rich in antioxidants) in these breastfeeding mothers during 21 days could improve the oxidative status of milk. GPx activity, TPP, and TAC were increased in milk samples from mastitis-affected women, providing a protective mechanism to the newborn drinking mastitis milk. MDA concentrations were diminished in the mastitis group, confirming this proposal. Some oxidative damage might occur in the mammary gland since the CGC was increased in mastitis milk. Cranberries supplementation seems to strengthen the antioxidant system, further improving the antioxidative state of milk.

Ethanol abuse is a common issue in individuals with sedentary lifestyles, unbalanced diets, and metabolic syndrome. Both ethanol abuse and metabolic syndrome have negative impacts on the central nervous system, with effects including cognitive impairment and brain oxidative status deterioration. The combined effects of ethanol abuse and metabolic syndrome at a central level have not yet been elucidated in detail. Thus, this work aims to determine the effects of ethanol intake on a mouse model of metabolic syndrome at the behavioral and biochemical levels. Seven-week-old male control (B6.V-Lep ob/+JRj) and leptin-deficient (metabolic syndrome) (B6.V-Lep ob/obJRj) mice were used in the study. Animals were divided into four groups: control, ethanol, obese, and obese–ethanol. Ethanol consumption was monitored for 6 weeks. Basal glycemia, insulin, and glucose overload tests were performed. To assess short- and long-term memory, an object recognition test was used. In order to assess oxidative status in mouse brain samples, antioxidant enzyme activity was analyzed with regard to glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione, glutathione disulfide, lipid peroxidation products, and malondialdehyde. Ethanol intake modulated the insulin response and impaired the oxidative status in the ob mouse brain.

Resumen: Este artículo ofrece, como se expone en su Presentación, una aproximación al Congreso Nacional de fray Melchor de Talamantes, como el primer proyecto constitucional para el México Independiente, que además propone la articulación de una especie de comunidad de Reinos Hispanoamericanos. Para ello, bajo el epígrafe El hombre (Melchor de Talamantes) y su circunstancia (Nueva España, 1808) se hace en primer lugar un breve recuento de la biografía de Talamantes, desde su formación en Lima, pasando por su estancia en Nueva España, así como de la situación política que le tocó vivir. Seguidamente, en el apartado La radiografía intelectual del ideólogo se exponen los principales rasgos e influencias del pensamiento político-jurídico de Talamantes, que subyace detrás de sus planteamientos concretos. Dentro del mismo, se identifica la ascendencia del iusnaturalismo racionalista, del pensamiento ilustrado y de la segunda escolástica española y en particular del pactismo de Francisco Suárez. Finalmente, en la sección denominada El Congreso Nacional del Reino de Nueva España se realiza una síntesis de dicho documento, exponiendo también sus principales aportaciones al constitucionalismo mexicano e iberoamericano. El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación exhaustiva, donde se tomaron en cuenta las principales indirectas sobre Talamantes y su obra, así como, especialmente, las fuentes directas consistentes en sus manuscritos y en los papeles de la causa que se instruyó en su contra por infidelidad al Rey, mismos que fueron consultados tanto en su edición corriente, como directamente en el Archivo General de la nación de México. La conclusión general que se desprende del artículo es que el Congreso Nacional es el primer proyecto constitucional del México Independiente, que a pesar de ser poco conocido y de haber tenido una limitada influencia entre sus contemporáneos, dada la manera intempestiva y determinante en que fue conjurado el movimiento de 1808, reviste un especial interés para los estudiosos de la historia del derecho y, específicamente, para los estudiosos de la historia del derecho constitucional mexicano e iberoamericano. Asimismo, se concluye que Melchor de Talamantes fue sin duda el más ilustrado y erudito ideólogo de la emancipación de Nueva España, revistiendo un especial interés para la comprensión del ambiente cultural de su época, la biografía intelectual que puede ofrecerse de su persona, en virtud de la fortuna de la conservación de la relación de libros que obraban en su biblioteca personal, así como de las demás noticias que tenemos de sus intereses y lecturas. Abstract: This article provides, as discussed in his Presentation, an approach to the National Congress of Fray Melchor de Talamantes, as the first draft constitution for the Independent Mexico, which proposes the articulation of a kind of Commonwealth of the Hispanic Kingdoms. For such purpose, under the section The Man (Melchor de Talamantes) and his circumstance (New Spain, 1808) a brief biography of Talamantes is included, since its formation in Lima, through his stay in New Spain, as well as the political situation in which he lived. Thereafter, in the section Intellectual radiography of the ideologue the main features and influences of the political and legal thought of Talamantes is presented, highlighting the ascendancy of rationalist natural law, the Enlightenment and the second Spanish scholastic and in particular of Francisco Suarez. Finally, in the section called The National Congress of the Kingdom of New Spain a summary of said document is offered, also exposing his main contributions to the Mexican and Ibero-American constitutionalism. This article is the result of an extensive research, which took into account the existing literature around Talamantes and his work, but specially the direct sources consisting on his manuscripts and papers of the process instructed against him for infidelity to the King, which were consulted both in its current edition and directly in the General Archive of the Nation of Mexico. The main conclusion of this article is that Talamantes’ National Congress is the first constitutional project for the Independent Mexico, despite being barely known and despite its limited influence among his contemporaries, given the untimely and decisive way in which the movement of 1808 was conjured. Notwithstanding, the document is of particular interest to students of the history of law and specifically to students of the History of Mexican and Ibero-American Constitutional Law. It also concludes that Melchor de Talamantes was undoubtedly the most learned and erudite ideologue of the emancipation of New Spain, with and special interest for understanding the cultural milieu of the time, since the intellectual biography that can be offered of his person, thanks to the fortune conservation of the list of the books that were in his personal library, as well as other documented information on his interests and readings. Title: The first constitutional project for independent Mexico and its proposal of a Hispanic American Commonwealth: the Congreso Nacional of Talamantes Summary: I. PRESENTATION. II. THE MAN (MELCHOR DE TALAMANTES) AND HIS CIRCUMSTANCES (NEW SPAIN, 1808). III. THE INTELLECTUAL RADIOGRAPHY OF THE IDEOLOGIST. IV. THE CONGRESO NACIONAL OF THE KINGDOM OF THE NEW SPAIN.

La conformación de un derecho supranacional comunitario y de un derecho común supletorio para nuestro continente es una asignatura pendiente de la que puede ocuparse la ciencia jurídica. En el presente artículo, tras ofrecer un marco teórico conceptual sobre el Derecho comunitario y presentar el estado actual de los diversos esquemas y procesos regionales y subregionales de integración en nuestro hemisferio, se proponen una serie de perspectivas (interdisciplinarias) y de temas (políticos, jurídicos y económicos) sobre lo que tendría que reflexionar la ciencia jurídica –academia y foro– americana, para adelantar los contenidos de este nuevo ordenamiento jurídico. The creation of a supranational community law and a supplementary regional law for our continent is a pending issue to be handled by the legal science. This article provides a conceptual theoretical framework for Community Law by examining the current status of the various regional and sub-regional integration processes in our hemisphere. Later, it proposes a series of interdisciplinary perspectives on political, legal and economic issues that must be reflected in the legal thought –academia and forum– of the Americas, in order to advance towards a new legal system.

In this study, the spatial distribution of PM2.5 air pollution in Mexico City from 37 personal exposures was modeled. Meteorological, demographic, geographic, and social data were also included. Geographic information systems (GIS), spatial analysis, and Land-Use Regression (LUR) were used to generate the final predictive model and the spatial distribution map which revealed two areas with very high concentrations (up to 109.3 µg/m3) and two more with lower concentrations (between 72 to 86.5 µg/m3) (p < 0.05). These results illustrate an overview trend of PM2.5 in relation to human activity during the studied periods in Mexico City and show a general approach to understanding the spatial variability of PM2.5.

Ischemic retinopathies (IRs) are the main cause of severe visual impairment and sight loss, and are characterized by loss of blood vessels, accompanied by hypoxia, and neovascularization. Actual therapies, based on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) strategies, antioxidants or anti-inflammatory therapies are only partially effective or show some adverse side effects. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone present in vegetables and fruits that can be naturally supplied by the dietary intake and has been previously studied for its benefits to human health. It has been demonstrated that ABA plays a key role in glucose metabolism, inflammation, memory and tumor growth. This review focuses on a novel and promising role of ABA as a potential modulator of angiogenesis, oxidative status and inflammatory processes in the retina, which are the most predominant characteristics of the IRs. Thus, this nutraceutical compound might shed some light in new therapeutic strategies focused in the prevention or amelioration of IRs-derived pathologies.

La Teoría global del Derecho parte de la crisis del pensamiento jurídico contemporáneo, que ha perdido su capacidad de comprender al Derecho, de estructurar su estudio y de orientar la praxis jurídica. La anterior crisis es analizada primeramente dentro del contexto de la crisis de la cosmovisión moderna y contemporánea. Posteriormente, se ofrecen una serie de presupuestos filosóficos ¿contexto, perspectiva y método¿ que conducen a una serie de aproximaciones parciales hacia lo jurídico ¿antropológicas, sociológicas, ontológico-teleológicas, simbólicas e históricas¿ que pueden ser federadas después para alcanzar una comprensión más amplia, global, del Derecho. La Teoría global del Derecho pretende así la reconstrucción de lo jurídico, desde la recomposición de la cultura, mediante la integración conciliadora de diversas teorías ¿jurídicas y culturales¿ actuales, procurando evitar ¿desde una perspectiva analógica¿ los errores epistemológicos del sincretismo.

Este artículo plantea la importancia de la integración regional para el derecho dentro del contexto de la ‘glocalización’, explorando las características del derecho de la integración y del nuevo ius commune principalmente en Europa y en América; presentando un balance y una perspectiva de las principales propuestas, mecanismos y proyectos de la integración americana desde el siglo XIX hasta hoy en día.

Me atrevo a publicar ahora en la Revista Iuris Tantum la presente conferencia, dictada ya hace más de seis años, cuando me ocupaba por primera vez de este complejo e interesante tema, confiado en que la propia denominación de este eficaz medio de difusión de nuestra cultura jurídica, refuerza la naturaleza provisional de las hipótesis y de las conclusiones científicas

Tradicionalmente suele concebirse al devenir político del hombre como un caminar vacilante entre la libertad y el orden.

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Based on the analysis of two different experiences of art exhibition on virtual spaces, which emerged in 2020 in Argentina, Hábito Galería and Aura NFT, we will propose points of analysis to think about some drifts about the experience of the body in the spectators and users of art in the virtual exhibition spaces, taking into account online and web curatorial operations, and within the framework of a complex context marked by the strategies left by the COVID 19 pandemic in terms of visibility, production and distribution of art, and the new forms in relation to new technologies in communication, the digital art market and its registration in the blockchain.

Copyright of Cuadernos de Negocios Internacionales e Integración is the property of Universidad Catolica del Uruguay Damaso Antonio Larranaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health crisis worldwide, with the numbers of infections and deaths worldwide multiplying alarmingly in a matter of weeks. Accordingly, governments have been forced to take drastic actions such as the confinement of the population and the suspension of face-to-face teaching. In Spain, due to the collapse of the health system the government has been forced to take a series of important measures such as requesting the voluntary incorporation of final-year nursing and medical students into the health system. The objective of the present work is to study, using a phenomenological qualitative approach, the perceptions of students in this exceptional actual situation. A total of 62 interviews were carried out with final-year nursing and medicine students from Jaime I University (Spain), with 85% reporting having voluntarily joined the health system for ethical and moral reasons. Results from the inductive analysis of the descriptions highlighted two main categories and a total of five sub-categories. The main feelings collected regarding mood were negative, represented by uncertainty, nervousness, and fear. This study provides a description of the perceptions of final-year nursing and medical students with respect to their immediate incorporation into a health system aggravated by a global crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]