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Background: Leukocyte–platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membrane is an emerging autologous healing biomaterial that promotes angiogenesis and healing in immediate implant sites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate hard and soft tissue outcomes of immediate implant placement with or without L-PRF. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 immediate implants were divided randomly into two groups of 9 implants each, i.e., Group 1 and Group 2. All sites received a definitive restoration after 3 months of implant placement and were followed up for a period of 6-months. Results: Addition of L-PRF in the extraction sockets when placing immediate implants resulted in statistically nonsignificant benefit in terms of clinical and radiographic parameters when compared to immediate implant placement without L-PRF. Conclusion: Immediate implant placement in Group 2 demonstrated marginal but statistically significant benefit as compared to sites in Group 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Amit. Bali, Deepika. Bali, Ashutosh. Sharma Gene therapy is a new treatment modality in which new gene is introduced or existing gene is manipulated to cause cancer cell death [...]

There is compelling evidence that treponemes are involved in the etiology of several chronic oral diseases, including chronic periodontitis and other forms of periodontal disease. Treponema denticola suppresses fibroblast proliferation, enhancement of collagen phagocytosis by gingival fibroblasts, and the activation of both the classic and the alternative pathways of human complement. It was further shown to perturb actin regulating pathways in host cells. Recent advances, especially in molecular-based methodologies, have greatly improved our knowledge of this bacterium and its role in disease. An electronic and manual search based on agreed search phrases between the primary investigator and a secondary investigator was performed for the literature review until the year 2014. PubMed/MEDLINE databases were searched for studies to identify appropriate articles in relation to T. denticola and its virulence factors. The articles that were identified by this systematic review (total of 150) were analyzed in detail, which included the study of inference and conclusion. Within the limits of this systematic review, it can be concluded that T. denticola induces immune inflammatory response in periodontitis subjects. Procedures for gene inactivation provide a basis for characterizing the virulence factors of T. denticola, and thereby establishing its role as a teammate with other virulent plaque microorganisms in the process of tissue destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To compare the healing pattern in palate following harvestation of connective tissue graft by two different techniques and to compare the recession coverage at the recipient sites. Materials and Methods: 30 recession sites with Miller's class I and II recession in 16 patients were recruited for this study. Sites were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups. Group I used Unigraft Knife to harvest the connective tissue whereas in group II patients Langer & Langer techniques was used to harvest the connective tissue graft from the palate. Healing was evaluated at the donor site using- wound size(WS), immediate bleeding (iB) and delayed bleeding (dB), complete wound epithelialization (CE), sensibility disorders (S) and post operative pain (PP) at baseline, 1st, 4th, and 12th week postoperatively. Recession coverage was assessed by measuring Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), vertical recession (VR), width of keratinized gingiva (KT). Results: On comparison between Group I and II, a statistically significant larger wound size was observed in Group I. CWE was higher in Group II. A non significant difference was observed when SD, and delayed bleeding were compared at all time intervals. A non-significant difference was observed in the clinical parameters at the recipient site. Conclusion: When evaluating the WS and CWE, the Langer and Langer technique was found to be better than the Unigraft knife technique for harvesting the connective tissue graft, whereas both the techniques were found to be effective in root coverage procedure outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present investigation is to highlight the essential factors which foster resilience in adolescents. Why resilience is important for adolescents and what are the sources of resilience for adolescents are the main domains of the present study. What activities help adolescents in developing resilience is also centre of discussion in the undertaken research paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Calcium sulphate(CS) is one of the oldest alloplastic graft materials used because of its biocompatibility, handling characteristics, porosity, different rates of dissolution, chemico-physical resemblance to bone mineral, ability to induce release of growth factors and potentially unlimited supply at a modest cost. Aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of 3 forms of calcium sulphate i.e. Nanogen (nCS)(+), BoneGen(+) and Dentogen(+) in treatment of infrabony defects and to compare their efficacy as bone grafting substitutes. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized, double blind controlled study was conducted on 45 sites from 16 subjects having Moderate to Advanced Periodontitis who were divided into 3 groups i.e. Group I (Nanogen), Group II (Dentogen) and Group III (BoneGen) clinical along with radiographic measurements were taken at baseline, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results: There was no significant inter-group difference in mean clinical attachment level (CAL) values at different time intervals whereas Intra-group changes in CAL at 6 and 12 months as compared to baseline were significant statistically. In Group I, changes in CAL between 6 and 12 months were found to be statistically significant in comparison with Group II and III. Conclusion: Both Nanogen and BoneGen TR can be considered valuable options in the treatment of infra-bony periodontal defects. The faster degradation of Dentogen may negatively affect its bone regeneration potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The microbial florae in adult periodontitis lesions are comprised of anaerobic rods with Porphyromonas gingivalis as one of the major components (Slots 1976; Slots 1979; and Tanner et al., 1979). P. gingivalis is a black-pigmented gram-negative anaerobic rod and a secondary colonizer of dental plaque requiring antecedent organisms. The presence of this organism either alone or as a mixed infection with other bacteria and with the absence of beneficial species appears to be essential for disease activity. It is a predominant member of the subgingival microbiota in disease. It possesses and "excretes" numerous potentially toxic virulence factors. Aim of this study is to perform a systematic review of studies on P. gingivalis and its virulence factors with a special focus on its vaccine. Materials and Methods: An electronic and manual search based on agreed search phrases between the primary investigator and a secondary investigator was performed for the literature review till January 2014. The articles that were identified by this systematic review (total of 190) were analyzed in detail, which included the study of inference and conclusion. Conclusions: Within the limits of this systematic review, it can be concluded that P. gingivalis induce immune inflammatory response in periodontitis subjects. Therapeutic vaccines need to be developed and studied for their efficacy in controlling periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main premise of the present study is to see the relationship between resilience and social support among government and private school adolescents. To achieve this objective, a sample of400 adolescents from Shimla and Himachal Pradesh was selected with equal number of males and females. The main findings were gauged through correlation and regression Analysis. The results revealed that in skill recognition dimension of resilience to stress, social support explained 8% (r=.278**, P<.01) of variance in Government Schools' Sample and 4% (r=.251**, P<.01) of variance in males' sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of subgingivally delivered Minocycline microspheres and 25% Metronidazole gel when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A randomized, controlled, single center study was conducted involving 60 sites in 20 patients suffering from moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis. Each patient contributed three sites which were randomized to three treatment groups: SRP +insertion of Minocycline microspheres at day 1 (Group A), SRP +insertion of Metronidazole gel at day 1 and at day 7 (Group B), and SRP alone (Group C). Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at day 1, 1 month, and 3 months post therapy. Results: All treatments showed significant reductions in PPD and CAL at 1 and 3 months when compared to baseline values (P <0.001). At 3 months, sites treated with minocycline showed an additional reduction in PPD of 0.85 ±0.03 mm, significantly greater than SRP alone. Differences in mean PPD reduction between Group B and Group C and between Group A and Group B were not significant. At 3 months, difference in CAL gain between Group A and C was 0.50 ±0.45, which was statistically significant and between Group B and C was 0.35 ±0.11, which was not found to be statistically significant (P =0.20). Differences in relative CAL between Group A and Group B were also not found to be statistically significant (P =0.53). Conclusion: The results concluded that treatment with Minocycline microspheres and Metronidazole gel improve PPD and CAL in patients with periodontitis compared to SRP alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background : Calcium sulfate based bone grafting materials (CS) have been used for periodontal reconstructive procedures. However, their fast degradation profile is a cause of concern in relatively larger defects. Particles of Nano Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (nCS) are developed to overcome this shortcoming. This study evaluates the efficacy of the two forms of calcium sulfate hemihydrates (CS and nCS) for the treatment of intra osseous periodontal defects. Methods : Total of thirty sites (in 12 patients) were randomly allocated to treatment with flap surgery + CS or flap surgery + nCS. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post-surgery for both the groups. Results : There was significant reduction in plaque index, gingival index and pocket depth in CS and nCS groups at 3 months and 6 months as compared to baseline. However, these three indices were statistically non significant after 3 months and 6 months when compared between the groups. Both CS and nCS groups showed statistically significant amount of defect fill and defect resolution at 3 months and 6 months as compared to baseline. At 6 months, a greater percentage of defect fill and resolution was noticed in the nCS group as compared to the CS group. Conclusions : Both graft materials can be considered valuable options in the treatment of infrabony periodontal defects. However, nCS is more effective compared to CS. The enhanced gain in defect fill and resolution of osseous defects in nCS could be attributed to its slow degradation profile that is closer to the rate of bone growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recession coverage is a common clinical condition leading to dentinal hypersensitivity. Faulty tooth brushing, periodontal disease and thin gingival biotype are the etiological factors for gingival recession In this case report we presented a case where recession coverage in lower anterior teeth was done using coronally advanced flap technique in combination with L-PRF and GTR membrane. Significant reduction in gingival recession was seen post operatively after 1 month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic Periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease and Interleukin1 is believed to play key role in its pathogeneses. Previous studies have elucidated the role of IL-1 polymorphisms in periodontitis; however findings are contradictory. Aims: So, we aimed to study the association of IL-1β (-511C>T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) gene polymorphism in susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in northern Indian population. Settings and Design: Case-control study was carried out in individuals recruited from North Indian population. Materials and methods: The genotyping of IL-1β (-511C>T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) gene polymorphisms was carried out by PCR-RFLP and PCR respectively in 200 age and sex matched clinically diagnosed CP cases and 200 healthy controls. Statistical Analysis: SPSS ver.15.0 software was used to calculate risk estimation via binary logistic regression. Results: None of the IL-1β (-511C>T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) gene polymorphisms conferred risk of CP in northern Indian population. Gender stratification or tobacco usage also did not modulate risk in CP. Results shows that IL-1β (-511C>T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) are not involved in CP susceptibility in northern Indian population. Conclusion: In conclusion IL-1β (-511C>T) and IL-1RN (VNTR) are not implied in risk modification. However, the present study should be replicated in larger samples for more consistent results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]