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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Climate-related concerns have drastically made companies realize the need for better environmental regulations and consolidate them in corporate business strategies such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR improves firm performance by valuing the stakeholders' interests and substantially achieving a competitive advantage over competitors. Recognising a firm's competitive advantage in the market indicates performance and might help the company perform better. The objective of this research is to provide concrete proof related to how CSR affects competitive advantage and its effects on company performance, especially financial performance in SMEs in Bali Province. This study uses primary data in the form of questionnaires distributed to SMEs both directly and online. The sample of this research is the manager / owner of SMEs in Bali Province. Data analysis tools using SmartPLS 4.0. The study's findings indicate that CSR has a direct impact on financial performance (SMEs) and CSR indirectly affects the financial performance (SMEs) through competitive advantage. Competitive advantage was found to partially mediate the impact of CSR and financial performance (SMEs). These findings will be used by SME managers in Bali Province in order to enhance the company's financial performance by considering the use of CSR strategies and strengthening competitive advantage. Implementing CSR can help a company become more competitive and separate itself from competitors by providing an innovative product or service. Finally, corporate social responsibility (CSR) can give a company a competitive advantage by strengthening its marketing abilities, which leads to improved performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify gastrointestinal parasites in pigs in Bali. A total of 117 pig feces samples were collected in Buleleng Regency (n = 67) and Jembrana (n = 50). Samples were examined microscopically using native, sedimentation, and floating methods. The results reported the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites infecting pigs in Bali was 94.8% (111/117) infected with protozoa, namely Eimeria sp. (90.5%), Entamoeba sp. (26.4%), Isospora suis (6.8%), and Balantidium sp. (5.1%), while 99.1% (116/117) were infected with helminths, namely Trichuris suis (71.7%), Strongyloides sp. (64.9%), Ascaris suum (49.5%), Oesophagostomum sp. (6.1%), Macracanthorhyncus sp. (2.5%), and Hyostrongylus sp. (0.8%). Based on the tree regression analysis reported that the rearing system was related to the degree of gastrointestinal parasite infection in pigs in Bali. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teba, being an essential component of traditional Balinese dwellings, holds a significant role in community assignments, historical and societal contexts of Balinese culture, and ecological sustainability. Nevertheless, the process of urbanization and shifts in lifestyle have resulted in a decrease in Teba spaces and their conversion into less ecologically sustainable regions. This article explores initiatives to rejuvenate the design of Teba spaces in traditional Balinese houses to uphold a harmonious coexistence between environmental and cultural conservation in contemporary times. This research explores techniques and design solutions for Teba places that can effectively adapt to evolving circumstances while upholding traditional values. By doing so, it seeks to promote both environmental and cultural sustainability. This study employs a qualitative and ethnographic methodology to investigate ways for revitalization. These s trategies involve the utilization of natural and local materials, the implementation of sustainable design techniques, and the creation of flexible and multifunctional spatial arrangements. The findings suggest that the restoration of Teba contributes to preserving biodiversity and enhancing air quality, reinforces cultural identity, and promotes sustainable tourism development. Integrating traditional techniques with modern technologies can optimize the functionality of Teba as both a productive green area and a center for cultural preservation. Hence, cooperation among architects, government entities, and the community is crucial in developing inventive and sustainable design solutions that enhance the cultural heritage of Bali within evolving circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal stem rot disease caused by Ganoderma is a major problem in palm cultivation in Indonesia, so an appropriate solution is needed to overcome this problem. One of the solutions that can be applied is through silver nanoparticles. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles can use coconut leaves as a source of flavonoids. Flavonoids are one of the phenolic compounds that are widely used in the process of synthesizing silver nanoparticles. Flavonoid compounds have a hydroxyl group (OH), which can be reduced by donating electrons to the Ag+ ion from AgNO3 to Ag0. This research aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using coconut leaf water extract and its assessment as an antifungal for Ganoderma boninense. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by mixing coconut leaf extract in 1 mM of AgNO3 solution with a ratio of 1:9 (v/v). The concentrations of coconut leaf water extract were 1% and 3% with a heating temperature of 60°C. Silver nanoparticles were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, PSA, FTIR, TEM, and SEM-EDS. The AgNPs had a maximum wavelength of 430 nm, with morphologies like a ball, triangle, and square, a mass percentage of Ag of 51.77%, smallest particle size of 63.29 nm, PdI value of 0.3361, and a zeta potential of -16.98 mV. The FTIR spectra show that the functional group that plays a role in the reduction process is the –OH group. The antifungal activity assay produced the highest percentage of colony growth inhibition (68.37%) at a concentration of 4.9 ppm in the 10-day incubation.

The creator, born in Padangtegal, Ubud, has appreciated Pita Maha artwork. Pita Maha painting is a genre that emerged in 1936, characterized by the fusion of classical Balinese and Western painting styles. The creator believes that the aesthetics of Pita Maha painting can serve as a foundation for artistic creation. This study employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, documentation, interviews, and supplemented with library resources. The gathered data undergoes two phases: analysis to identify the concept, followed by the creation phase. The outcome of the study is a painting titled "Wayang Wong". This contemporary artwork is created employing the techniques and aesthetics of Pita Maha painting, allowing it to resonate within the context of modern life.

This study aimed to identify gastrointestinal parasites in pigs in Bali. A total of 117 pig feces samples were collected in Buleleng Regency (n = 67) and Jembrana (n = 50). Samples were examined microscopically using native, sedimentation, and floating methods. The results reported the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites infecting pigs in Bali was 94.8% (111/117) infected with protozoa, namely Eimeria sp. (90.5%), Entamoeba sp. (26.4%), Isospora suis (6.8%), and Balantidium sp. (5.1%), while 99.1% (116/117) were infected with helminths, namely Trichuris suis (71.7%), Strongyloides sp. (64.9%), Ascaris suum (49.5%), Oesophagostomum sp. (6.1%), Macracanthorhyncus sp. (2.5%), and Hyostrongylus sp. (0.8%). Based on the tree regression analysis reported that the rearing system was related to the degree of gastrointestinal parasite infection in pigs in Bali.

This study explores the role of local wisdom in managing non-performing loans (NPLs) within Village Credit Institutions (VCDs) in Bali during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a case study approach, the research examines the effectiveness of traditional mechanisms such as awig-awig (customary law) and pararem (community agreements) in maintaining social cohesion and addressing financial challenges. Through qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and document analysis, the study seeks to understand how these customary practices contribute to resolving NPLs. The findings indicate that local wisdom fosters community engagement and dialogue, offering temporary solutions to financial problems during crises. These traditional mechanisms promote a sense of collective responsibility and help maintain social harmony by facilitating discussions between debtors and VCDs. However, the research also highlights several limitations. While effective in the short term, local wisdom struggles to enforce sanctions and provide long-term resolutions, especially during severe economic downturns like the pandemic. This issue is compounded by external factors such as Bali’s heavy reliance on tourism, which makes the local economy highly vulnerable to global disruptions. The lack of digital infrastructure and the absence of integrated government support further intensify the challenges faced by VCDs in managing NPLs. The study concludes that while local wisdom remains a valuable tool for crisis management, its effectiveness is constrained in times of prolonged financial instability. For VCDs to achieve long-term sustainability and resilience in future crises, it is essential to integrate traditional practices with modern financial systems. Additionally, stronger government support, including digital infrastructure development and comprehensive financial regulations, is crucial to ensure the sustainability of VCDs. This combination of traditional and modern strategies can help VCDs navigate future economic challenges more effectively and safeguard their role in the local economy.

This study aims to develop accountability practices that harmonize with the local spiritual culture in the Jimbaran traditional village. The current accountability practices are viewed not just as formal procedures but also as informal practices involving moral and ethical relationships with God. An ethnomethodological study integrated with Catur Marga culture as a critical perspective revealed the problem of delays in submitting accountability reports due to the shift in the cultural meaning of “ngayah” and the shift in the implementation of religious ceremonies from spiritual practices to more formal activities. These problems can be addressed by synergizing Catur Marga principles with accountability practices. First, involve community representatives, religious leaders, and traditional elders in the village's financial management, as in regular meetings to align the vision and mission to strengthen the “ngayah” motivation in governance and financial accountability. Second, the traditional village governments must consistently provide Dharmawacana and management accounting training to balance scientific knowledge with traditional spiritual–cultural knowledge. Last is the development of the Catur Marga-based Pararem, which regulates the technical aspects of financial management accountability and should be synchronized with the spirit of devotion to God to preserve the local spiritual culture in the Jimbaran traditional village.

The informal tourism sector plays a vital role in the local economies, particularly in destinations such as Bali. This aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8, which focuses on promoting decent work and economic growth. These workers, who are often ignored, greatly enrich the experience of tourism but encounter distinct obstacles on a daily basis. Gaining insight into their methods for staying alive is crucial. Informal workers face distinct limits compared to formal sector employees, resulting in less defined sustainability and growth strategies. A thorough investigation was carried out in nine regencies in Bali, utilizing observations and interviews, in order to examine these tactics. This method facilitated a comprehensive comprehension of their day-to-day routines and difficulties. The study identified four crucial survival strategies: implementing prudent financial management to sustain businesses and meet daily needs, utilizing communication skills to maintain income and continuity, enhancing social capital through positive relationships with fellow workers, and comprehending government policies. Out of these factors, effectively managing economic capital is crucial for maintaining livelihoods in the fiercely competitive tourism business. The results of this study provide a basis for future policies or interventions aimed at supporting and enhancing the lives of informal sector workers in tourist areas such as Bali.

Background and Aim: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection formerly and predominantly occurred in rural areas. However, it has recently been spread to urban and peri-urban areas. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HEV in pigs collected from urban and rural areas in Bali. The potential of the pig farmers’ risk level for being exposed to HEV and the virus transmitted to them in association with their pig-rearing practices was also assessed. Materials and Methods: A total of 183 pigs from 68 herds were sampled in this study, with 91 pigs collected from Denpasar as the representative samples of urban areas and 92 pigs from Karangasem Regency as the representative samples from rural areas. Sera from the sampled pigs were collected and immunoglobulin G antibodies against HEV were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A questionnaire was prepared for interviewing the farmers. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the putative factors associated with seropositivity. Meanwhile, the potential risk-incurring practices of the farmers for HEV being transmitted to them from their pig-rearing practices were assessed by scoring their responses from the interview. Results: Overall, 23.5% (43/183) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.6–30.3) pig sera tested were detected to have the antibodies against HEV. Among 68 pig herds, 36.8% (25) (95% CI: 25.4–49.3) of them had antibodies in at least one pig sampled from each herd. Pigs sampled from Karangasem were 5 times (Odds ratio [OR] 5.34, 95% CI: 2.27–13.54, p < 0.001) more likely to be seropositive than pigs collected from Denpasar. However, no difference was found in the seropositivity to HEV in pig herds between Denpasar and Karangasem (p = 0.05). In assessing the pig rearing management factors, pig farmers from Denpasar were 3 times (OR 3.0, 95% CI: 1.07–8.52, p = 0.05) more likely to rear pigs for economic investment compared to the farmers from Karangasem. Regarding anticipating pig diseases that can be transmitted to humans, farmers from Denpasar were 6 times (OR 5.72, 95% CI: 1.48–26.7, p = 0.0074) more likely to anticipate zoonotic diseases compared to the farmers from Karangasem. Similarly, pig farmers from Denpasar were 3 times (OR 3.29, 95% CI: 1.08–10.23, p = 0.035) more likely to anticipate pig diseases that could be transmitted to humans than the farmers from Karangasem. Pig farmers from Denpasar had 4 times the odds (OR 4.49, 95% CI: 1.11–18.19, p = 0.03) of washing their hands after going to the pigpens compared to the farmers from Karangasem. All the participants were categorized as being at high risk of HEV exposure and transmission. Conclusion: IgG antibodies against HEV were detected among pigs reared in rural areas of Karangasem and those reared in urban areas of Denpasar. This suggests that the risk of HEV exposure and transmission in these areas is not negligible. To minimize the risk, public education on zoonotic diseases, including HEV infection, transmission, and prevention, needs to be implemented and particularly targeted to local pig farmers.

Sustainable practices in Bali are gaining popularity and increasing, making Bali a responsible world tourism destination. Bali's dependence on the tourism sector reaches 60%, which means that Bali must have a powerful strategy to manage its tourism sustainably. Sustainability is truly a journey as well as a space for contemplation, correction and cohesion by not only making economic aspects the ultimate goal but also balancing and harmonizing environmental and social aspects to ensure we can meet the needs of the present without having to sacrifice the interests of future generations in meeting their needs. This article focuses on the efforts of the tourism industry in Bali to implement sustainable practices by selecting supporting products and services through responsible procurement. This article also seeks to map the strategy and its implications for the tourism industry in Bali. Data collection methods in this research are literature, observation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions. The experts in this research are the government, tourism industry, private sector, academics, and the community, who use a purposive sampling technique. The results of this study are the benefits and challenges of implementing responsible procurement and effective strategies for implementing responsible procurement.

This research describes the governance practices of the commons in Bali, including land, water sources, coastal areas, and forests, which are communally owned and managed. The relationship between the state and the community has led to changes in this governance. The author examines the practice of governing the commons in the context of post-New Order Bali, offering an alternative to dominant governance that often overlooks the common welfare. This is a qualitative study that utilizes a case study method to explore alternative governance of the commons in Bali. The study examines the governance of the commons in Tenganan Pegringsingan and the Masyarakat Adat Dalem Tamblingan, and finds that community groups (Sekaa) are directly involved in the management of the commons. Furthermore, it appears that government intervention in village affairs has had detrimental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explores the factors contributing to the disruption of kinship care and the subsequent institutionalisation of children in Bali, Indonesia. Through in-depth interviews with 50 children residing in child welfare institutions and 16 parents or familial caretakers, the study examines the changing social and cultural perceptions of child institutionalisation and its impact on traditional Balinese kinship systems. The findings reveal that economic hardship, family circumstances and the perceived benefits of institutional care for education are the primary drivers of child institutionalisation. The study highlights the need for strengthening family support systems, adhering to national standards of care and promoting community-based alternatives to institutional care, particularly kinship care and foster care, as part of a continuum of care. Recommendations are provided for policymakers, practitioners and researchers to address the challenges faced by children and families in Bali and to promote family-based care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canine parvovirus (CPV) infection is still common among dogs, leading to severe disease with high mortality. The potential of a local isolate of CPV as an effective vaccine to prevent the disease warrants investigation. This study aimed to determine the antibody response in mice against a Bali isolate of CPV propagated in the Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell culture. The virus was purified using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 and mixed with an Aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. Fifteen 7-week female mice were divided into three treatment groups: treatment group 1 (PEG-purified virus and Adjuvant), treatment group 2 (crude unpurified virus and adjuvant), and treatment group 3 (adjuvant without virus), with five replicates per group. The Bali isolate of CPV was successfully replicated in MDCK cells, achieving a titer of 210-211 hemagglutination (HA) units after eight serial passages through the cell culture. The virus was confirmed as CPV by immunocytochemistry test using a monoclonal antibody and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using chicken anti-CPV polyclonal antibody. Following the first immunization, the antibody endpoint titer in mice immunized with PEG-purified CPV (5.6) was significantly higher than those immunized with crude unpurified CPV (4.2) and adjuvant without CPV (1.4). Similarly, after the second immunization, the antibody endpoint titer in mice immunized with PEG-purified CPV (7.6) also remained significantly higher than those immunized with crude unpurified CPV (6.4) and adjuvant without CPV (0.8). Significant increases in antibody endpoint titer were observed after the second immunization in mice immunized with PEG-purified CPV and crude unpurified CPV, but not in those given adjuvant without CPV. The Bali isolate of CPV propagated in MDCK cell culture induced a robust antibody response in mice, suggesting it’s a potential as an alternative vaccine candidate for preventing CPV infection in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Aims: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection formerly and predominantly occurred in rural areas. However, it has recently been spread to urban and peri-urban areas. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HEV in pigs collected from urban and rural areas in Bali. The potential of the pig farmers' risk level for being exposed to HEV and the virus transmitted to them in association with their pig-rearing practices was also assessed. Materials and Methods: A total of 183 pigs from 68 herds were sampled in this study, with 91 pigs collected from Denpasar as the representative samples of urban areas and 92 pigs from Karangasem Regency as the representative samples from rural areas. Sera from the sampled pigs were collected and immunoglobulin G antibodies against HEV were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A questionnaire was prepared for interviewing the farmers. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the putative factors associated with seropositivity. Meanwhile, the potential risk-incurring practices of the farmers for HEV being transmitted to them from their pig-rearing practices were assessed by scoring their responses from the interview. Results: Overall, 23.5% (43/183) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.6-30.3) pig sera tested were detected to have the antibodies against HEV. Among 68 pig herds, 36.8% (25) (95% CI: 25.4-49.3) of them had antibodies in at least one pig sampled from each herd. Pigs sampled from Karangasem were 5 times (Odds ratio [OR] 5.34, 95% CI: 2.27-13.54, p < 0.001) more likely to be seropositive than pigs collected from Denpasar. However, no difference was found in the seropositivity to HEV in pig herds between Denpasar and Karangasem (p = 0.05). In assessing the pig rearing management factors, pig farmers from Denpasar were 3 times (OR 3.0, 95% CI: 1.07-8.52, p = 0.05) more likely to rear pigs for economic investment compared to the farmers from Karangasem. Regarding anticipating pig diseases that can be transmitted to humans, farmers from Denpasar were 6 times (OR 5.72, 95% CI: 1.48-26.7, p = 0.0074) more likely to anticipate zoonotic diseases compared to the farmers from Karangasem. Similarly, pig farmers from Denpasar were 3 times (OR 3.29, 95% CI: 1.08-10.23, p = 0.035) more likely to anticipate pig diseases that could be transmitted to humans than the farmers from Karangasem. Pig farmers from Denpasar had 4 times the odds (OR 4.49, 95% CI: 1.11-18.19, p = 0.03) of washing their hands after going to the pigpens compared to the farmers from Karangasem. All the participants were categorized as being at high risk of HEV exposure and transmission. Conclusion: IgG antibodies against HEV were detected among pigs reared in rural areas of Karangasem and those reared in urban areas of Denpasar. This suggests that the risk of HEV exposure and transmission in these areas is not negligible. To minimize the risk, public education on zoonotic diseases, including HEV infection, transmission, and prevention, needs to be implemented and particularly targeted to local pig farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural tourism, in the form of small-scale, locally owned tourism businesses, has become a priority that must be supported by the government to be more beneficial for the local community. The objective of this study was to develop a conceptual model of rural tourism in order to make rural tourism in Bali more competitive globally. This research was conducted in Bali during April–June 2020 by following a systems thinking approach. The methodology employed was a soft systems methodology and utilized interpretive structural modeling (ISM). Twenty persons were chosen purposively as key informants (experts). Data collection was carried out through focus group discussions (FGDs) and questionnaires. The results indicated that the goals of sustainable rural tourism are to improve local community welfare, to conserve the environment, and to preserve culture and heritage. Managing rural tourism requires efforts in destination quality, service excellence, hospitality, reasonable pricing, and ease of access. Finally, this paper proposes methods to support sustainable rural tourism in Bali. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incorporating Balinese dance into American college curricula provides artistic and cultural benefits for students. However, careful consideration is required to fit its instruction within institutional frameworks in ways that meet the needs of students and local communities alike. This article, which is based on a decade of ethnographic research, employs the Balinese philosophical desa, kala, patra (place, time, situation) concept as a framework to discuss how Balinese dance programs (and Asian dance programs in general) may fruitfully find homes in American academic contexts. American contexts for learning Balinese dance differ substantially from those in Bali, where dance is a part of the fabric of Balinese Hindu cultural, social, and religious life. The article introduces these points of difference, then discusses how Balinese dance might fruitfully be introduced into American collegiate settings, and how dance programs more broadly might determine how to introduce new varieties of global dance into their curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Honey production is susceptible to manipulation by unscrupulous sellers, making honey authentication crucial to prevent fraud. The process of authenticating honey often necessitates the use of various analytical techniques, such as identifying the chemicals present in honey by means of hyphenated mass spectrometry. Here, we report on the investigation of the chemical composition of three honey samples collected at two locations in Lombok and Bali by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The three datasets include information regarding compound name, mass, retention times, as well as findings from database searches. Collectively, these data afford first insights into the compositional profile of honey samples from this specific geographical area.

This article examines Balinese kriya’s development from sacred to profane. This research is qualitative research with a historical approach. The results show that the presence of past works cannot be separated from the purpose of the religious offering or ceremony. The kriya prehistoric period, which continued in the 8th to 10th centuries with the arrival of Hinduism, was a period of enlightenment. The sacred statues were born as symbols of gods, the island of Bali was a living museum of Javanese Hindu-Buddhism. The 10th to 13th centuries were the centuries of local Balinese genius, marked by kriya statues with a Balinese or folk character. The statue’s innocent character, short stature, and clothing match the character of the Balinese people at that time. In the 13th to 15th centuries, the baroque movement emerged. The presence of this movement is free, wild, and cheerful characters. In 1908, the Balinese kriya appeared passionate about imitating European styles. Openly, kriya began to fulfil needs outside of religion. The tourism development in Bali has brought about both kitsch and kriya retro. Kitsch is made for mass consumption, while kriya retro imitates great art. The desire to present the lost and destroyed past to preserve evidence in the form of replicas, copies, or imitations. It is hoped that the viewer will connect with that time or the social context of the era or place where the objects originated.

Penyesuaian perkawinan merupakan proses penting bagi pasangan suami istri dalam lima tahun pertama perkawinan. Di Bali, banyaknya konflik, Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT), bahkan perceraian mengindikasikan adanya permasalahan dalam penyesuaian perkawinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kesejahteraan psikologis dan asertivitas terhadap penyesuaian perkawinan pada individu dewasa awal di Bali. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 94 individu yang sudah menikah, diperoleh melalui teknik pemilihan sampel insidental. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan tiga skala yaitu, Skala Penyesuaian Perkawinan, Skala Kesejahteraan Psikologis, dan Skala Asertivitas. Hasil uji regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa kesejahteraan psikologis dan asertivitas secara bersama-sama bertanggung jawab sebesar 27% dalam varians tingkat penyesuaian perkawinan pada individu dewasa awal di Bali. Hasil studi dapat memberi masukan dan pertimbangan mengenai faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyesuaian perkawinan, yang bermanfaat untuk mengatasi tantangan perkawinan pada pasangan dewasa dewasa awal di Bali.

Marriage is a legal act that is recognized by the Indonesian state. However, divorce in a marriage is expected today and is no exception in Indonesia. Divorce is determined in Act Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. This research wants to contribute to family law in the divorce system for the Hindu community in Bali, seeing that there is no position against legal customary rules and Hinduism, which in Article 39 determines the validity of a divorce. This research focuses on library research with a descriptive-analytical way and statute approach. The result of this study is that in Balinese legal customary divorce process, there should be strong reasons, as contained in the Vedic Scriptures, such as the Garuda Purana, to take divorce steps. The divorce system that indigenous people in Bali can carry out is the palas perabian system and continues with the mapegat sot sacred ceremony. The legal consequences of divorce in the Hindu community in Bali do not affect the status and position of the child because the Hindu community in Bali adheres to a patrilineal family system (purusa). The legal consequences related join property (gunakaya), whether inherited property from the husband or inherited property of the wife from the parental gift (tetatadan), will return to each party in the event of a divorce.

Abstract Southern Asian flowers offer honeybees a diversity of nectar. Based on its geographical origin, honey quality varies. Traditional methods are less authentic than DNA-based identification. The origin of honey is determined by pollen, polyphenolic, and macro-microorganisms. In this study, amplicon sequencing targets macro-microorganisms in eDNA using the ITS1 region to explore honey’s geographical location and authentication. The variety of honey samples was investigated using ITS1 with Illumina sequencing. For all four honey samples, raw sequence reads showed 979,380 raw ITS1 amplicon reads and 375 ASVs up to the phylum level. The highest total number of 202 ASVs up to phylum level identified Bali honey with 211,189 reads, followed by Banggi honey with 309,207 a total number of 111 ASVs, and Lombok represents only 63 ASVs up to phylum level with several read 458,984. Based on Shannon and Chao1, honey samples from Bali (B2) and (B3) exhibited higher diversity than honey from Lombok (B1) and green honey from Sabah (B4), while the Simpson index showed that Banggi honey (B4) had higher diversity. Honey samples had significant variance in mycobiome taxonomic composition and abundance. Zygosaccharomyces and Aspergillus were the main genera found in Lombok honey, with percentages of 68.81% and 29.76% respectively. Bali honey samples (B2 and B3) were identified as having a significant amount of the genus Aureobasidium, accounting for 40.81% and 25% of the readings, respectively. The microbiome composition of Banggi honey (B4) showed a high presence of Zygosaccharomyces 45.17% and Aureobasidium 35.24%. The ITS1 analysis effectively distinguishes between honey samples of different origins and its potential as a discriminatory tool for honey origin and authentication purposes.

Since their arrival in the seventeenth century, through the nature of their calling – from the examination of the sick and efforts to acquire knowledge of local medicines – European physicians in the Netherlands East Indies inevitably encountered the local people and their customs. When contact intensified with more frequent journeys into the hinterland, these physicians produced knowledge of the natural world, the culture, and the customs of the region. However, when reading, the travel account of Doctor Julius Karel Jacobs, a Dutch colonial official physician to Bali in 1881, we are offered another perspective. This article discusses how the colonial authorities attempted to consolidate the territory through the expedient of public health issues, conditioning the colonial body for integration, in this case through a vaccination programme. It also analyses the extent the medical vocabularies were used as a strategy for sexual and pathological differentiation. Lastly, examining this travel account underlines the important role of physicians in the colonial biopolitics project.

Southern Asian flowers offer honeybees a diversity of nectar. Based on its geographical origin, honey quality varies. Traditional methods are less authentic than DNA-based identification. The origin of honey is determined by pollen, polyphenolic, and macro-microorganisms. In this study, amplicon sequencing targets macro-microorganisms in eDNA using the ITS1 region to explore honey's geographical location and authentication. The variety of honey samples was investigated using ITS1 with Illumina sequencing. For all four honey samples, raw sequence reads showed 979,380 raw ITS1 amplicon reads and 375 ASVs up to the phylum level. The highest total number of 202 ASVs up to phylum level identified Bali honey with 211,189 reads, followed by Banggi honey with 309,207 a total number of 111 ASVs, and Lombok represents only 63 ASVs up to phylum level with several read 458,984. Based on Shannon and Chao1, honey samples from Bali (B2) and (B3) exhibited higher diversity than honey from Lombok (B1) and green honey from Sabah (B4), while the Simpson index showed that Banggi honey (B4) had higher diversity. Honey samples had significant variance in mycobiome taxonomic composition and abundance. Zygosaccharomyces and Aspergillus were the main genera found in Lombok honey, with percentages of 68.81% and 29.76% respectively. Bali honey samples (B2 and B3) were identified as having a significant amount of the genus Aureobasidium, accounting for 40.81% and 25% of the readings, respectively. The microbiome composition of Banggi honey (B4) showed a high presence of Zygosaccharomyces 45.17% and Aureobasidium 35.24%. The ITS1 analysis effectively distinguishes between honey samples of different origins and its potential as a discriminatory tool for honey origin and authentication purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the interplay between destination image, Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WoM), service quality, and tourist satisfaction during their stay in Bali. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research design uses quantitative causality. The data collection technique employed in this study involves a questionnaire distributed to 600 respondents, determined through incidental sampling. Findings: Service quality, while the services provided by the Monkey Forest staff are well-received by tourists; destination image, while the attractiveness of Monkey Forest tourist attractions is unique and appealing; and the beauty of the natural landscape. Tourist satisfaction exerts a positive and significant influence on e-WoM, while a satisfied traveler with the image and service quality of the monkey forest destination is willing to engage in marketing through electronic word of mouth. Additionally, two moderation relationships are discovered: the relationship between service quality and e-WoM, which is positively and significantly influenced by the variable of tourist satisfaction, and the clause relationship, wherein destination image positively and significantly influences e-WoM, with tourist satisfaction as a moderating variable. Conclusions: So, it can be concluded that there are five clause relationships between variables as hypotheses, including three direct effects and two moderating relationships (indirect effects). Research Limitations: The limitations of this research lie in the limited coverage of the research object, focusing on either a specific area or solely on one destination. Practical Implications: The implication of this study on the e-WoM variable, which serves as an endogenous variable, significantly impacts the Normated Fit Index, albeit within reasonable limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research highlights the lifestyle of digital nomads, which is becoming a more common lifestyle in today's digital age. Bali is one of the most popular destinations for nomads. This research aims to explore the motivations of digital nomads in Bali. The research uses the case stucfy research method by mapping several informants as research subjects. This article discusses the experiences of foreign tourists in Bali, particularly digital nomads, and the migratory lifestyle. It explores conversations and perspectives on Bali's attractiveness, working life, cultural interaction, and modem mobility. The findings show that the concept of nomad* is associated not only with high levels of mobility, but also with individuals who have chosen to settle in Bali due to finding the culture and lifestyle appealing. Modem mobility reflects the search for meaning in one-life experiences, which may include a search for stability and a depth of experience in one place. Furthermore, the discussion examines that the emergence of Bali's digital nomad community brings both economic benefits and challenges of overtourism onlocal communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the impact of the pandemic on Bali's regional economic resilience and how the workcation trend brought by digital nomad tourists can encourage tourism recovery in Bali. The research method used is descriptive-analytical, including examining documents and statements from experts explaining the response to the economic shocks in Bali Province. Data sources were obtained from tourism ministry performance reports, BPS data, news articles, and accredited journals. The study revealed that the resistance phase was demonstrated by the disruption of the tourism sector when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, causing the economy of Bali to decline. The reorientation phase is shown by the ability of government and business actors to adjust and adapt to shocks. The workcation trend brought by digital nomads is suitable for application during the adaptation period. The recovery phase is demonstrated by the revival of tourism in Bali Province, which has increased the number of foreign tourists. One of them comes from digital nomad tourists who increase regional income. Based on analysis using the regional economic resilience model, Bali Province in 2023 will approach economically resilient status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different world views and ontologies require different technologies to deal with environmental issues. Land reclamation plans in Bali's south, meant to open up new space for tourist development, triggered strong but varied responses in the Balinese population, from rejection to enthusiasm. All actors claim to aim towards a prosperous Bali, and at the protection of a degrading environment, but notions of prosperity and protections and the means and technologies used differ tremendously which leads to ethical conflicts. This paper identifies three actor groups based on the technologies they use to mediate relationships in the ecologies they inhabit. Drawing on modern interventionist technology and development and implied universal moralities, scientists aim to manage environment and normalize ecologies for economic benefits or environmental protection. In contrast, religious Balinese actors, for whom environments are dwelling places of spirits and gods, make use of their bodies as means of mediation to communicate with the non-human and restore the balance between environment, humans and god. A third kind of technology used in the reclamation case is a broad mix of media, from traditional theatre to new social media, that are meant to mediate between locally rooted ontologies and global activism, communicate resistance to a broad public, and thus save a (sacred) environment and Bali. In the Bali case, technologies appear ambivalent as they contain contradictory forces and their relationship with the environment is highly complex, which makes consequences quite unpredictable and ethics quite diverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women tend to be object and victims of climate change impact. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2020 found that gender-based violence was aligned with climate and environmental crisis in various developing countries. In addition, 9.9 women got affected heavily from natural disaster in Indonesia (BPS, 2017). Meanwhile, only 20% of women leadership constitutes the entire energy sector (WEF, 2022). Another important statement from IPCC (2022) said that women (particularly pregnant women) became highly impacted from climate crisis. The Assessment Report on the State of Gender Equality and Climate Change in ASEAN (2022) built evidence on the importance of recognizing women's roles in climate action in ASEAN countries. In light to this background, this paper will analyse the critical complexities of ASEAN women leadership towards climate action in order to evaluating the implementation of SDGs goal 5 and 13. To have further deep analysis, this paper will explore the case study of Balinese and Cambodian women who have best practices of climate action, locally, nationally and globally, which also enhance ASEAN countries commitment on SDGs. Some of the best practices in Cambodia include a Renewable Energy (RE) programme that actively engaged with and promoted women-led energy enterprises by implementing "The Smoke Free Village" approach and training women as champions for gender-transformative Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Meanwhile in Bali, Balinese women play an important role in climate action by establishing the Bali Women Climate Entrepreneur Project that encouraged 10 start-ups joining the program and many other best practices to be explored further. As a methodology, the best practices of women leadership in both countries will be collected through literature reviews, interview, and statistics from Balinese and Cambodia government/SDGs centre, and other relevant documents' review. From those sources, this paper is expected to be the guidance of mapping women leadership in climate action and also become a guidance on how to develop effective communication for women in ASEAN region on climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the application of the Balinese Tri Hita Karana concept in the context of land consolidation arrangements and environmental conservation of cultural heritage. The method which is used in this research is normative legal research by reflecting on the values contained in legal norms related to land consolidation in Bali using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, a historical approach, and the case approach, then analyzed by descriptive analysis, evaluation, and argumentation techniques. The article analyses the legal and environmental implications of the Tri Hita Karana philosophy in Bali., emphasizing the importance of sustainable use of limited and non-renewable resources. The article argues that land consolidation arrangements should consider the Tri Hita Karana concept and ensure the preservation of cultural heritage and environment environment. The report highlights the significance of the Tri Hita Karana philosophy in shaping Bali's legal and environmental landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To share the gospel with unbelievers, Christians attempt to use a crossed method of evangelism. The purpose of this crossed method is to engage with people’s own culture from a Christian standpoint. In Bali, for instance, Christians utilise tapak dara to communicate the cross in Christianity. To Balinese-Hinduists, tapak dara is widely believed to bring salvation, happiness, and energy in the universe. Interestingly, the symbol of tapak dara is similar to the cross in the Christianity. Thus, evangelists and missionaries tend to use tapak dara to connect the salvation through the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross. Although this method of evangelism offers some advantages, the parallelism between tapak dara and the cross reveals more differences than similarities. Therefore, this article argues that the parallelism between tapak dara and the cross should be carefully compared because they share more differences than similarities. Contribution: This research will compare the meaning, the usage, and the function of tapak dara with the cross. The article contributes to mission studies and cultural studies.

This study aims to deploy the historical and cultural aspects of sad kerthi as a legal terminology that is part of the traditional knowledge of indigenous people in Bali, one of the culturally richest provinces of Indonesia. The recognition and respect for indigenous communities have been a significant topic since the enactment of article 18b, paragraph (2) under the 4th amendment of the Constitution. The provision set a foundation to the flourishment of legislations and regulations that empower indigenous communities to exercise self-governance in their social matters within the framework of the contemporary globalised society. By utilising socio-legal research methods, namely the statute approach and legal facts, this research reveals that the self-determination of indigenous peoples in Indonesia is significantly hindered by the absence of explicit legal norms and definitions that uphold their existence. However, not all indigenous peoples in Indonesia face this problem. In the context of Bali, traditional knowledge has been recognised as a part of the national legal system through the enactment of Law Number 15 Year 2023. This law is further being translated into several local regulations that allow Balinese to preserve their social structures and self-determination in everyday activities. Based on legal evidence collected from three different types of customary villages in Bali, namely Baliaga, Apanage, and Anyar, it can be concluded that the indigenous communities in each of these traditional villages are autonomous and enjoy specific privileges that have been maintained since the time of their ancestors.

This article aims to understand and explain the discourse on cross-cultural relations in the Bali Agung Theater at Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali. The Bali Agung Theater at Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali is an innovative Balinese performance art for tourism purposes at Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali. As a Balinese tourism performing art, there is a representation of cross-cultural relations in performance scenes featuring typical Chinese arts. The narrative discourse of the Bali Agung Theater was developed by actors based on the folklore of traditional Balinese society. The main problems: 1) What are the forms of cross-cultural relations in the Bali Agung Theater at Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali?; 2) What is the discourse on cross-cultural relations in the Bali Agung Theater at Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali?. The cross-cultural discourse analysis in the Bali Agung Theater at Taman Safari and Marine Park Bali was completed using qualitative methods. Primary data was collected through observations at the Taman Safari and interviews with actors at the Bali Agung Theater. Data achievements are complemented by secondary data collection from literature studies. All data were analyzed using knowledge-power relations theory and structuration theory. The research results show that: 1) Taman Safari & Marine Park Bali displays discourse on cross-cultural relations through Balinese cultural acculturation at the Bali Agung Theatre. Cultural acculturation can be seen in art in the form of props and dance movements; 2) The discourse on cross-cultural relations in the Bali Agung Theater consists of cultural heritage discourse, educational discourse, and violence discourse. This theatrical discourse centers on Kang Ching Wei, King, and Dewi Danu.