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* Context.--Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to have effects outside of the respiratory system. Placental pathology in the setting of maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection remains a topic of great interest because earlier studies have shown mixed results. Objective.--To ascertain whether maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with any specific placental histopathology, and to evaluate the virus's propensity for direct placental involvement. Design.--Placentas from 65 women with polymerase chain reaction-proven SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent histologic evaluation using Amsterdam consensus group criteria and terminology. Another 85 placentas from women without SARS-CoV-2 constituted the negative control group. A total of 64 of the placentas from the SARS-CoV-2-positive group underwent immunohistochemical staining for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. Results.--Pathologic findings were divided into maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion, chronic inflammatory lesions, amniotic fluid infection sequence, increased perivillous fibrin, intervillous thrombi, increased subchorionic fibrin, meconium-laden macrophages (MLMs) within fetal membranes, and chorangiosis. There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of any specific placental histopathology between the SARS-CoV2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative groups. There was no immunohistochemical evidence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in any of the 64 placentas that underwent staining for viral nucleocapsid protein. Conclusions.--Our study results and a literature review suggest that there is no characteristic histopathology in most placentas from women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Likewise, direct placental involvement by SARS-CoV-2 is a rare event. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2021;145:648-656; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0793-SA, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (1) Significant infection often manifests as acute respiratory distress syndrome, reflecting the virus's predominant [...]

With the reduction in obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) cases, it is unknown if learning and exposure to their repair is compromised during obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) residency in the United States (US). The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure and confidence level of the US OBGYN residents to OASIS repair. Residents' education on OASIS repair was also assessed. This was a cross sectional online survey that collected residents' demographics, characteristics of residency program, the number of deliveries and OASIS repairs performed, the site and technique of OASIS repair, post-repair care provided, residents' confidence level in OASIS repair and their education on the repair. Descriptive analyses, Fisher's Exact tests, Ordinal regression models and Spearman's correlation were performed. Response from 160 residents (11% response rate) was obtained. Confidence was higher with increasing level of training (OR = 3.442, 95% CI, 2.473-4.791, p<0.004), a greater number of deliveries (OR=2.672, 95% CI, 1.511-4.723, p<0.001), third-degree repairs (OR=5.522, 95%CI, 3.67-8.308, p<0.001) and fourth-degree repairs (OR=4.364, 95% CI, 2.785-6.837, p<0.001) performed. Exposure to lecture or/and simulation improved confidence than no exposure to either (OR= 0.225, 95% CI, 0.092-0.545, p<0.001). Residents' confidence level increased with a greater number of simulations attended (r=0.368, p< 0.001). Lectures and simulations enhance residents' knowledge and skills in OASIS repair. Surgical skill curriculum is essential to maintain good quality training, prompt recognition, and meticulous perineal repair among OBGYN physicians despite the declining OASIS cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]