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5. Quantitative study to identify the fuel properties that determine propagation success under conditions of nil slope and nil wind

Author

Awad, C, Marcelli, T., Morandini, F., Morvan, D, Chatelon, F, Balbi, J, Rossi, J, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), and Rossi, Jean-Louis

Subjects
fire extinguishment, fuel properties, fire spread model, wildfire hazard reduction, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The reduction of the fuel load represents certainly the best approach in order to reduce fire hazard in Mediterranean regions. For many reasons (low impacts on the ecosystems, low costs …), the prescribed burning constitutes a very good tool to achieve this objective. To be efficient and safe, prescribed burning must be conducted under windless and backing fire conditions. The generalization of this practice needs necessary the redaction of a guideline on which are defined the optimal conditions in terms of external conditions (weather, slope, design of the operation) and state of the vegetation (mainly the fuel moisture content). The aim of this work is to highlight that a closed simplified physical fire spread model can provide an accurate assessment of the rate of a fire spread, but also realistic estimates of these optimal fuel properties. The present study is focused on moisture content and fuel depth.

Published
2019

9. Discrete Event Front-tracking Simulation of a Physical Fire-spread Model

Author

FILIPPI, J-B, Morandini, F., BALBI, J-H, Hill, David R.C., Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Modélisation et d'Optimisation des Systèmes (LIMOS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Published
2010

19. A strategy to elaborate forest fire spread models for management tools including a computer time-saving algorithm

Author

Albert Simeoni, Santoni, P. A., and Balbi, J. H.

Abstract

This article presents a global modelling approach concerning the elaboration of simple forest fire spread semiphysical models to be integrated in operational management tools. The purpose of such models is to efficiently represent fire behaviour, with rapid calculation times. In a previous study, a semiphysical model was developed that correctly represents the fire spread in a pine needle bed under combined slope and low wind conditions. Then a multiphase approach was used to improve the model theoretically in order to take into account increasing wind influence. The simulation time remained higher than the real time, however. Hence, a time-saving algorithm was developed that solves the semiphysical model in the fire vicinity while providing accurate predictions. This algorithm is presented here, as welt as its validation, thanks to experiments conducted across pine needle fuel beds. This approach represents the last step of the proposed strategy to elaborate forest fire spread models for management tools, which starts from a complete physical model to reach a discrete model to be integrated into a simulator.

20. Effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage (CRASH-2) a randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Olldashi, F., Kerçi, M., Zhurda, T., Ruçi, K., Banushi, A., Traverso, M. S., Jiménez, J., Balbi, J., Dellera, C., Svampa, S., Quintana, G., Piñero, G., Teves, J., Seppelt, I., Mountain, D., Balogh, Z., Zaman, M., Druwé, P., Rutsaert, R., Mazairac, G., Pascal, F., Yvette, Z., Chancellin, D., Okwen, P., Djokam-Liapoe, J., Jangwa, E., Mbuagbaw, L., Fointama, N., Pascal, N., Baillie, F., Jiang, J. -Y, Gao, G. -Y, Bao, Y. -H, Morales, C., Sierra, J., Naranjo, S., Correa, C., Gómez, C., Herrera, J., Caicedo, L., Rojas, A., Pastas, H., Miranda, H., Constaín, A., Perdomo, M., Muñoz, D., Duarte, Á, Vásquez, E., Ortiz, C., Ayala, B., Delgado, H., Benavides, G., Rosero, L., Mejía-Mantilla, J., Varela, A., Calle, M., Castillo, J., García, A., Ciro, J., Villa, C., Panesso, R., Flórez, L., Gallego, A., Puentes-Manosalva, F., Medina, L., Márquez, K., Romero, A. R., Hernández, R., Martínez, J., Gualteros, W., Urbina, Z., Velandia, J., Benítez, F., Trochez, A., Villarreal, A., Pabón, P., López, H., Quintero, L., Rubiano, A., Tamayo, J., Piñera, M., Navarro, Z., Rondón, D., Bujan, B., Palacios, L., Martínez, D., Hernández, Y., Fernández, Y., Casola, E., Delgado, R., Herrera, C., Arbolaéz, M., Domínguez, M., Iraola, M., Rojas, O., Enseñat, A., Pastrana, I., Rodríguez, D., La Campa, S. Á, Fortún, T., Larrea, M., Aragón, L., Madrazo, A., Svoboda, P., Izurieta, M., Daccach, A., Altamirano, M., Ortega, A., Cárdenas, B., González, L., Ochoa, M., Ortega, F., Quichimbo, F., Guiñanzaca, J., Zavala, I., Segura, S., Jerez, J., Acosta, D., Yánez, F., Camacho, R., Khamis, H., Shafei, H., Kheidr, A., Nasr, H., Mosaad, M., Rizk, S., El Sayed, H., Moati, T., Hokkam, E., Amin, M., Lowis, H., Fawzy, M., Bedir, N., Aldars, M., Rodríguez, V., Tobar, J., Alvarenga, J., Shalamberidze, B., Demuria, E., Rtveliashvili, N., Chutkerashvili, G., Dotiashvili, D., Gogichaishvili, T., Ingorokva, G., Kazaishvili, D., Melikidze, B., Iashvili, N., Tomadze, G., Chkhikvadze, M., Khurtsidze, L., Lomidze, Z., Dzagania, D., Kvachadze, N., Gotsadze, G., Kaloiani, V., Kajaia, N., Dakubo, J., Naaeder, S., Sowah, P., Yusuf, A., Ishak, A., Selasi-Sefenu, P., Sibiri, B., Sarpong-Peprah, S., Boro, T., Bopaiah, K., Shetty, K., Subbiah, R., Mulla, L., Doshi, A., Dewan, Y., Grewal, S., Tripathy, P., Mathew, J., Gupta, B., Lal, A., Choudhury, M., Gupta, S., Chug, A., Pamidimukkala, V., Jagannath, P., Maharaj, M., Vommi, R., Gudipati, N., Chhang, W. H., Patel, P., Suthar, N., Banker, D., Patel, J., Dharap, S., Kamble, R., Patkar, S., Lohiya, S., Saraf, R., Kumar, D., Parihar, S., Gupta, R., Mangual, R., Alagumuthu, Kooper, D., Mohapatra, C., David, S., Rajaleelan, W., Pangi, A., Saraf, V., Chikareddy, S., Mankar, S., Golhar, A., Sakhare, R., Wagh, N., Hazarika, D., Chaudhuri, P., Ketan, P., Purohit, G., Purohit, Y., Pandya, M., Kiran, S., Walia, S., Goyal, S., Attri, A., Sharma, R., Oberai, A., Oberai, M., Oberoi, S., Tripathi, G. K., Peettakkandy, V., Karuthillath, P., Vadakammuriyil, P., Pol, J., Pol, S., Saste, M., Raul, S., Tiwari, S., Nelly, N., Chidambaram, M., Kollengode, V., Thampan, S., Rajan, S., Raju, S., Babu, S. V., Sumathi, C., Chatterjee, P., Agarwal, A., Magar, H., Magar, M., Singh, M., Gupta, D., Haloi, K., Sagdeo, V., Giri, P., Verma, N., Jariwala, R., Goti, A., Prabhu-Gaonkar, A., Utagi, S., Joshi, M., Agrawal, R., Sharma, G., Saini, G., Tewari, V., Yadav, Y., Parihar, V., Venkataramana, N., Rao, S., Reddy, N., Chander, S. G., Hathila, V., Das, V., Agaja, K., Purohit, A., Lahari, A., Bhagchandani, R., Vidyasagar, B., Sachan, P. K., Das, T., Vyas, S., Bhattacharjee, S., Sancheti, P., Manoj, T., Moideen, M., Pansey, K., Chandrasekaran, V. P., Saikia, K., Tata, H., Vhora, S., Shah, A., Rangad, G., Rajasekaran, S., Shankarlal, S. T., Devadoss, S., Saleem, M., Pillay, H., Hazarika, Z., Deshmukh, P., Murugappan, S. P., Jaiswal, A., Vangani, D., Modha, P., Chonzik, C., Praveen, M., Sethurayar, V., Ipe, S., Shetty, N., Gupta, R. P., Jain, V., Shah, K., Dwikoryanto, M., Golden, N., Atmadjaya, K., Wiargitha, K., Sudiasa, K., Suwedagatha, G., Bal Afif, F., Budipramana, V., Tabrani, Lemuel, A., Chandra, S., Ama, F., Sherafatkazemzadeh, E., Moradi, E., Sheikhi, A., Ziaee, A., Fanaei, A., Hajinasrollah, E., Amini, A., Mohammad, B., Hadi, N., Perone, G., Peri, E., Volpi, A., Johnson, J., Abe, M., Mutiso, V., Okanga, B., Ojuka, D., Abdullah, B., Rahman, H., Noh, Y., Jamaluddin, S., Dawal, H., Roslani, A., Law, C. -W, Devashanti, P., Wahab, Y., Velaiutham, S., Dato, R., Loría, J., Montes, E., Gómez, E., Cazales, V., Bautista, P., Bautista, R., Ahumada, D., Hernández, E., Velásquez, G., Ortega, P., Lira, G., Estrada, F., Casasola, J., Olaomi, O., Abubakar, Y., Apollo, K., Badejo, O., Ihekire, O., Iribhogbe, P., Oludiran, O., Obeta, E., Okojie, C., Udefiagbon, E., Komolafe, E., Olaleye, P., Uzochukwu, T., Onakpoya, U., Dongo, A., Uhunmwagho, O., Eighemerio, E., Morgan, E., Thanni, L., Afolabi, A., Akinola, T., Ademola, A., Akute, O., Khalid, L., Abubakar, L., Aminu, M., Ogirima, M., Attansey, A., Michael, D., Aremu, O., Olugbenga, O., Ukpong, U., Salman, Y., Obianyo, N., Ani, C., Ezeadawi, R., Kehinde, O., Olaide, A., Jogo, A., Bitto, T., Anyanwu, S., Mbonu, O., Oludara, M., Somoye, M., Shehu, B., Ismail, N., Katchy, A., Ndoma-Egba, R., Grace-Inah, N., Songden, Z., Abdulraheem, A., Otu, A., Nottidge, T., Inyang, D., Idiapho, D., Giebel, H., Hassan, R., Adisa, A., Akinkuolie, A., Okam, K., Musa, A., Falope, I., Eze, J., Caballero, J., Azabache, W., Salirrosas, O., Soto, A., Torres, E., Ramírez, G., Malca, C., Velez, J., Yepez, R., Yupanqui, H., Lagos, P., Rodriguez, D., Flores, J., Moya, A., Barrionuevo, A., Gonzales-Portillo, M., Nunez, E., Eldawlatly, A., Al Naami, M., Delvi, B., Khalid, K., Alyafi, W., Djurovic, B., Ng, I., Yaghi, A., Laincz, A., Trenkler, S., Valky, J., Modiba, M., Legodi, P., Rangaka, T., Wallis, L., Muñoz, Á, Serrano, A., Misis, M., Rubi, M., La Torre, V., Ellawala, R., Wijeratna, S., Gunaratna, L., Wijayanayaka, C., Nungu, K., Billy Haonga, Mtapa, G., Yutthakasemsunt, S., Kittiwattanagul, W., Piyavechvirat, P., Impool, T., Thummaraj, S., Salaeh, R., Tangchitvittaya, S., Wattanakrai, K., Soonthornthum, C., Jiravongbunrod, T., Meephant, S., Subsompon, P., Pensuwan, P., Chamnongwit, W., Jerbi, Z., Cherif, A., Nash, M., Harris, T., Banerjee, J., Freij, R., Kendall, J., Moore, S., Townend, W., Cottingham, R., Becker, D., Lloyd, S., Burdett-Smith, P., Mirza, K., Webster, A., Brady, S., Grocutt, A., Thurston, J., Lecky, F., Goodacre, S., Mulla, Y., Sakala, D., and Chengo, C.

21. Dynamic modeling of upslope fire growth

Author

Dupuy, J. L., Santoni, P. A., and Balbi, J. H.

Subjects
FOREST management, MATHEMATICAL analysis, MATHEMATICAL models, MODELING (Sculpture)
Abstract

A two-dimensional non-stationary model of fire spread including slope effects is proposed. The numerical study of this model allows us topredict the rate of spread, the fire front perimeter and the temperature distribution for a fire spreading across a fuel bed under slope conditions. The numerical results are compared with success to experimental data generated from two laboratory point-ignition fire experiments which were conducted on dehydrated Pinus pinaster litter with slopes of 20 and 30 deg.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

22. Dynamic modeling of fire speed across a fuel bed

Author

Dupuy, J. L., Balbi, J. H., and Santoni, P. A.

Subjects
FOREST management, MODELING (Sculpture), DYNAMICS, SIMULATION methods & models
Abstract

The analysis of laboratory fire experiments led to the development of a reaction-diffusion model for the spread of fire across a fuel bedin windless and slopeless conditions. A method for the determinationof the coefficients in this model based on the dynamic features of aspreading fire is given. The numerical study of the mathematical problem proposed allows us to predict the rate of spread, the fire frontperimeter and the temperature distribution for line-ignition and point-ignition fires. These results are compared with success to experimental data. Furthermore, the model allows us to estimate the acceleration of spread for a point-ignition fire in its initial stage and in the steady-state phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

24. [Tacit metarepresentation and affective sense of personal identity. An approach to understanding severe psychiatric disorders of adolescence and young adulthood].

Author

Balbi J

Subjects
Adolescent, Grief, Humans, Knowledge, Mental Disorders diagnosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Self Concept, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, Adaptation, Psychological, Affect, Comprehension, Mental Disorders psychology, Social Identification
Abstract

The results of present-day research in the field of "Dissociation Paradigm", regarding the capacity of the human mind to perceive, learn, and store information that in appearance passes as unnoticed, support the constructivist hypothesis of the active, selective and constructive condition of consciousness, in addition to the existence of a tacit dimension of knowledge that operates in functional relationship with the former. Unconscious mental states are intrinsically intentional. This is to say that they imply a semantic or cognitive connotation that is capable of affecting phenomenical experience and therefore behavior. In addition, the precocious existence of a tacit metarepresentational system in normally developed children has been proven, which is essential for guaranteeing the deployment of the process of functional coevolution between affectivity and consciousness, by which the experience of personal identity is acquired. These discoveries allow the inference of a "tacit affective metarepresentational recurrence", the organizational foundation on which a unified, sustainable, and continuous sense of the experience of personal identity is structured, and also allow us to hypothesize a "tacit metarepresentational mourning", a specific type of grief which is the chief foundation of the majority of psychopathological disorders. This concept may represent a potential explanation of the severe mental disorders of adolescence and young adulthood. The hypothesis of the present work is that, in the ambiguous context of Postmodern Culture, the prolongation of the adolescent period, facilitated by the welfare state, hinders the dealing with the aforementioned mourning, leading to an increment of depressive states and suicidal behavior among young people.

Published
2011
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25. Mate drinking and risk of lung cancer in males: a case-control study from Uruguay.

Author

De Stefani E, Fierro L, Correa P, Fontham E, Ronco A, Larrinaga M, Balbi J, and Mendilaharsu M

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Humans, Incidence, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Smoking adverse effects, Uruguay epidemiology, Beverages adverse effects, Lung Neoplasms epidemiology, Magnoliopsida adverse effects
Abstract

During the period from January 1988 to December 1994, a case-control study that included 497 cases of lung cancer and 497 controls was carried out at the Instituto de Oncologia, Montevideo, Uruguay, to evaluate the relationship between the drinking of mate (a local tea prepared with infusions of the herb Ilex paraguariensis) and the risk of lung cancer in men. Mate drinking has been associated with risk of most upper-aerodigestive tract cancers. After adjusting for major covariates, including pack-years of cigarette smoking, the amount of mate was associated with a 1.6-fold increase in risk for heavy drinkers, compared with light drinkers, with a significant dose-response pattern. When the analysis was performed by cell type, small cell lung cancer showed a significant increase in relative risk for mate amount (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-6.2) and mate duration (odds ratio, 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-9.9). On the other hand, pulmonary adenocarcinoma was not associated with mate drinking. Possible reasons for these results are discussed, and areas for future research are suggested.

Published
1996

26. Smoking of hand-rolled cigarettes as a risk factor for small cell lung cancer in men: a case-control study from Uruguay.

Author

De Stéfani E, Fierro L, Larrinaga MT, Balbi JC, Ronco A, and Mendilaharsu M

Subjects
Adenocarcinoma epidemiology, Adenocarcinoma etiology, Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Small Cell etiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell etiology, Case-Control Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Uruguay epidemiology, Carcinoma, Small Cell epidemiology, Lung Neoplasms epidemiology, Smoking adverse effects
Abstract

During the time period January 1989-December 1992, a case-control study involving 476 cases of lung cancer and 561 controls was carried out at the Instituto Nacional de Oncología, Montevideo, Uruguay, in order to analyze the patterns of risk of the different cell types of lung cancer, associated with smoking manufactured and hand-rolled cigarettes. Lifelong smokers of hand-rolled cigarettes displayed a non-significant 30% increased risk, compared with smokers of commercial cigarettes, for all types of lung cancer combined. The analysis for cell-type disclosed a fourfold increase in the risk of small cell lung carcinoma associated with lifelong smoking of hand-rolled products. The possibilities of a chance finding and of misclassification of the disease appears to be an unlikely explanation of this strong and rather specific association.

Published
1994
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