Author: "Baktash, A." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Baktash, A."' showing total 2,113 results

Start Over Author "Baktash, A."

2,113 results on '"Baktash, A."'

1. A new method of reconstructing images of gamma-ray telescopes applied to the LST-1 of CTAO

Author: Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Alispach, C., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Ambrosino, D., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Balbo, M., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Jiménez, L. Barrios, Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bezshyiko, I., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borkowski, G., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Burgo, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iuliano, A., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalashev, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luciani, H., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Méndez-Gallego, J., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeifle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Ruina, A., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Ventura, S., Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Wójtowicz, J., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are used to observe very high-energy photons from the ground. Gamma rays are indirectly detected through the Cherenkov light emitted by the air showers they induce. The new generation of experiments, in particular the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), sets ambitious goals for discoveries of new gamma-ray sources and precise measurements of the already discovered ones. To achieve these goals, both hardware and data analysis must employ cutting-edge techniques. This also applies to the LST-1, the first IACT built for the CTAO, which is currently taking data on the Canary island of La Palma. This paper introduces a new event reconstruction technique for IACT data, aiming to improve the image reconstruction quality and the discrimination between the signal and the background from misidentified hadrons and electrons. The technique models the development of the extensive air shower signal, recorded as a waveform per pixel, seen by CTAO telescopes' cameras. Model parameters are subsequently passed to random forest regressors and classifiers to extract information on the primary particle. The new reconstruction was applied to simulated data and to data from observations of the Crab Nebula performed by the LST-1. The event reconstruction method presented here shows promising performance improvements. The angular and energy resolution, and the sensitivity, are improved by 10 to 20% over most of the energy range. At low energy, improvements reach up to 22%, 47%, and 50%, respectively. A future extension of the method to stereoscopic analysis for telescope arrays will be the next important step., Comment: Accepted in A&A
Published: 2024

2. A detailed study of the very-high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1

Author: Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gavira, L., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jiménez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Context: There are currently three pulsars firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), two of them reaching TeV energies, challenging models of very-high-energy (VHE) emission in pulsars. More precise observations are needed to better characterize pulsar emission at these energies. The LST-1 is the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope, that will be part of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Its improved performance over previous IACTs makes it well suited for studying pulsars. Aims: To study the Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1, improving and complementing the results from other telescopes. These observations can also be used to characterize the potential of the LST-1 to study other pulsars and detect new ones. Methods: We analyzed a total of $\sim$103 hours of gamma-ray observations of the Crab pulsar conducted with the LST-1 in the period from September 2020 to January 2023. The observations were carried out at zenith angles less than 50 degrees. A new analysis of the Fermi-LAT data was also performed, including $\sim$14 years of observations. Results: The Crab pulsar phaseogram, long-term light-curve, and phase-resolved spectra are reconstructed with the LST-1 from 20 GeV to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The pulsed emission is detected with a significance of 15.2$\sigma$. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar are clearly detected (>10$\sigma$), as well as the so-called bridge emission (5.7$\sigma$). We find that both peaks are well described by power laws, with spectral indices of $\sim$3.44 and $\sim$3.03 respectively. The joint analysis of Fermi-LAT and LST-1 data shows a good agreement between both instruments in the overlapping energy range. The detailed results obtained in the first observations of the Crab pulsar with LST-1 show the potential that CTAO will have to study this type of sources., Comment: Accepted by A&A
Published: 2024

3. Bilingual Sexism Classification: Fine-Tuned XLM-RoBERTa and GPT-3.5 Few-Shot Learning

Author: Azadi, AmirMohammad, Ansari, Baktash, and Zamani, Sina
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: Sexism in online content is a pervasive issue that necessitates effective classification techniques to mitigate its harmful impact. Online platforms often have sexist comments and posts that create a hostile environment, especially for women and minority groups. This content not only spreads harmful stereotypes but also causes emotional harm. Reliable methods are essential to find and remove sexist content, making online spaces safer and more welcoming. Therefore, the sEXism Identification in Social neTworks (EXIST) challenge addresses this issue at CLEF 2024. This study aims to improve sexism identification in bilingual contexts (English and Spanish) by leveraging natural language processing models. The tasks are to determine whether a text is sexist and what the source intention behind it is. We fine-tuned the XLM-RoBERTa model and separately used GPT-3.5 with few-shot learning prompts to classify sexist content. The XLM-RoBERTa model exhibited robust performance in handling complex linguistic structures, while GPT-3.5's few-shot learning capability allowed for rapid adaptation to new data with minimal labeled examples. Our approach using XLM-RoBERTa achieved 4th place in the soft-soft evaluation of Task 1 (sexism identification). For Task 2 (source intention), we achieved 2nd place in the soft-soft evaluation., Comment: 8 pages, 6 tables
Published: 2024

4. BAMO at SemEval-2024 Task 9: BRAINTEASER: A Novel Task Defying Common Sense

Author: Ansari, Baktash, Rostamkhani, Mohammadmostafa, and Eetemadi, Sauleh
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: This paper outlines our approach to SemEval 2024 Task 9, BRAINTEASER: A Novel Task Defying Common Sense. The task aims to evaluate the ability of language models to think creatively. The dataset comprises multi-choice questions that challenge models to think "outside of the box". We fine-tune 2 models, BERT and RoBERTa Large. Next, we employ a Chain of Thought (CoT) zero-shot prompting approach with 6 large language models, such as GPT-3.5, Mixtral, and Llama2. Finally, we utilize ReConcile, a technique that employs a "round table conference" approach with multiple agents for zero-shot learning, to generate consensus answers among 3 selected language models. Our best method achieves an overall accuracy of 85 percent on the sentence puzzles subtask., Comment: 9 pages, 8 tables, 5 figures
Published: 2024

5. Unveiling extended gamma-ray emission around HESS J1813-178

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Martins, V. Barbosa, Barnard, J., Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitt, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Klepser, S., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Roellinghoff, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tluczykont, M., Tsuji, N., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zouari, S., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: HESS J1813$-$178 is a very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray source spatially coincident with the young and energetic pulsar PSR J1813$-$1749 and thought to be associated with its pulsar wind nebula (PWN). Recently, evidence for extended high-energy emission in the vicinity of the pulsar has been revealed in the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data. This motivates revisiting the HESS J1813$-$178 region, taking advantage of improved analysis methods and an extended data set. Using data taken by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) experiment and the Fermi-LAT, we aim to describe the $\gamma$-ray emission in the region with a consistent model, to provide insights into its origin. We performed a likelihood-based analysis on 32 hours of H.E.S.S. data and 12 years of Fermi-LAT data and fit a spectro-morphological model to the combined datasets. These results allowed us to develop a physical model for the origin of the observed $\gamma$-ray emission in the region. In addition to the compact very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission centered on the pulsar, we find a significant yet previously undetected component along the Galactic plane. With Fermi-LAT data, we confirm extended high-energy emission consistent with the position and elongation of the extended emission observed with H.E.S.S. These results establish a consistent description of the emission in the region from GeV energies to several tens of TeV. This study suggests that HESS J1813$-$178 is associated with a $\gamma$-ray PWN powered by PSR J1813$-$1749. A possible origin of the extended emission component is inverse Compton emission from electrons and positrons that have escaped the confines of the pulsar and form a halo around the PWN., Comment: 13+5 pages, 13+11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: T.Wach, A.Mitchell, V.Joshi, P.Chamb\'ery
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Spectrum and extension of the inverse-Compton emission of the Crab Nebula from a combined Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. analysis

Author: Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brown, A., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Cecil, R., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chambery, P., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dmytriiev, A., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Filipović, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Glombitza, J., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Grondin, M. -H., Haerer, L., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kundu, A., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leuschner, F., Luashvili, A., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marinos, P., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Mehta, A., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Roellinghoff, G., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Sasaki, M., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Streil, K., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tluczykont, M., Tsuji, N., Unbehaun, T., van Eldik, C., Vecchi, M., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wach, T., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zouari, S., Żywucka, N., and Harding, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The Crab Nebula is a unique laboratory for studying the acceleration of electrons and positrons through their non-thermal radiation. Observations of very-high-energy $\gamma$ rays from the Crab Nebula have provided important constraints for modelling its broadband emission. We present the first fully self-consistent analysis of the Crab Nebula's $\gamma$-ray emission between 1 GeV and $\sim$100 TeV, that is, over five orders of magnitude in energy. Using the open-source software package Gammapy, we combined 11.4 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope and 80 h of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) data at the event level and provide a measurement of the spatial extension of the nebula and its energy spectrum. We find evidence for a shrinking of the nebula with increasing $\gamma$-ray energy. Furthermore, we fitted several phenomenological models to the measured data, finding that none of them can fully describe the spatial extension and the spectral energy distribution at the same time. Especially the extension measured at TeV energies appears too large when compared to the X-ray emission. Our measurements probe the structure of the magnetic field between the pulsar wind termination shock and the dust torus, and we conclude that the magnetic field strength decreases with increasing distance from the pulsar. We complement our study with a careful assessment of systematic uncertainties., Comment: 18+6 pages, 15+2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Corresponding authors: M. Meyer, L. Mohrmann, T. Unbehaun. v2: after A&A language editing
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Cancer-on-chip: a breakthrough organ-on-a-chip technology in cancer cell modeling

Author: Nejati, Babak, Shahhosseini, Reza, Hajiabbasi, Mobasher, Ardabili, Nastaran Safavi, Baktash, Kosar Bagtashi, Alivirdiloo, Vahid, Moradi, Sadegh, Rad, Mohammadreza Farhadi, Rahimi, Fatemeh, Farani, Marzieh Ramezani, Ghazi, Farhood, Mobed, Ahmad, and Alipourfard, Iraj
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Does performance pay increase the risk of marital instability?

Author: Baktash, Mehrzad B., Heywood, John S., and Jirjahn, Uwe
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Review on the role of hypothalamic astrocytes in the neuroendocrine control of metabolism

Author: Farhadi, Zeinab, Khaksari, Mohammad, Alivirdiloo, Vahid, Mehrjerdi, Fatemeh Zare, Alborzi, Nasrin, Baktash, Kosar Bagtashi, and Rezvani, Mohammad Ebrahim
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Leveraging Mobile Learning Platforms for Flexible Education Delivery: Bridging Educational Gaps in Afghanistan

Author: Dawodi, Mursal, Baktash, Jawid Ahmad, and Dawodi, Sayed Mohammad Reza
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract: The educational landscape of Afghanistan, besieged by infrastructural inadequacies and socio-political tribulations, presents a compelling case for the integration of mobile learning platforms. This article embarks on an exploratory voyage into the realms of mobile learning as a potential harbinger of educational transformation in Afghanistan. It delineates the pervasive educational challenges, underscores the technological innovations powering mobile learning platforms, and illuminates the pathways through which mobile learning can transcend the extant barriers to education. Enriched by real-world case studies, the narrative unravels the pragmatic lessons that can be harnessed to tailor mobile learning solutions to Afghanistan's unique context. The discussion further traverses the collaborative horizon, elucidating the synergistic interplay among academia, government, the private sector, and international bodies essential for the successful implementation of mobile learning platforms. The article also furnishes pragmatic recommendations, emphasizing the triad of policy formulation, infrastructure enhancement, and capacity building as cornerstone imperatives. The envisioned integration of mobile learning platforms augurs a paradigmatic shift towards a more accessible, inclusive, and resilient educational framework in Afghanistan, with far-reaching implications for socio-economic development. Through a meticulous amalgamation of technology, policy, and collaborative endeavors, this article posits that Afghanistan stands on the cusp of an educational renaissance, with mobile learning platforms serving as a pivotal conduit toward this envisioned horizon.
Published: 2023

12. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data

Author: Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Bošnjak, Ž., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Busetto, G., Ordaz, A. Campoy, Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carrasco, M. S., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cornelia, A., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Del Popolo, A., Deleglise, G., Delfino, M., Mendez, C. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Pilato, A., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Díaz, C., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. Garcia, Garcia, E., Garczarczyk, M., López, R. J. García, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Jacquemont, M., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jobst, E., Jormanainen, J., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Linhoff, M., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Lezáun, M. Láinez, López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mang, N., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martí, J., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Mićanović, S., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neronov, A., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Satalecka, K., Sato, M., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Šarić, T., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, L., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Walter, R., Wei, Z., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., and Zywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Aims. LST-1, the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning in Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 (Large-Sized Telescope 1) to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes permits observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems. Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and use simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts. Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we find a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range ~60 GeV to ~10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abe, K., Abe, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Angüner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Stuani, L. Augusto, Baack, D., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballester, O., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P. I., Batkovic, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Medrano, J. Bernete, Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bi, B., Biederbeck, N., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Bradascio, F., Braiding, C., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Brunetti, G., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Bylund, T., Calisse, P. G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Laadim, F. De Frondat, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., De Martino, D., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., De Simone, N., de Souza, V., del Valle, M. V., Delagnes, E., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Anjos, R. D. C. dos, Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Dumora, D., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Faure, A., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gaug, M., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giesbrecht, J., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J. -F., Göksu, H., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Granot, J., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grenier, I., Grolleron, G., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hie, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrupec122, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jarnot, C., Jean, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kantzas, D., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluźniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Leitgeb, F., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Markoff, S., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Melkumyan, D., Mello, A. J. T. S., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morik, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Neyroud, N., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patel, S. R., Patricelli, B., Pavlović, D., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Peron, G., Persic, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pintore, F., Pirola, G., Pita, S., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Polo, M., Pons, E., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Recchia, S., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Righi, C., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Scherer, A., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Schwefer, G., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seiji, S., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Sguera, V., Shang, R. Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Suomijärvi, T., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Terrier, R., Teshima, M., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Touzard, V., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Truzzi, S., Tsiahina, A., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Wechakama, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhdanov, V. I., Živec, M., Zuriaga-Puig, J., and Luque, P. De la Torre
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Galaxy clusters are expected to be dark matter (DM) reservoirs and storage rooms for the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) that accumulate along the cluster's formation history. Accordingly, they are excellent targets to search for signals of DM annihilation and decay at gamma-ray energies and are predicted to be sources of large-scale gamma-ray emission due to hadronic interactions in the intracluster medium. We estimate the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. We perform a detailed spatial and spectral modelling of the expected signal for the DM and the CRp components. For each, we compute the expected CTA sensitivity. The observing strategy of Perseus is also discussed. In the absence of a diffuse signal (non-detection), CTA should constrain the CRp to thermal energy ratio within the radius $R_{500}$ down to about $X_{500}<3\times 10^{-3}$, for a spatial CRp distribution that follows the thermal gas and a CRp spectral index $\alpha_{\rm CRp}=2.3$. Under the optimistic assumption of a pure hadronic origin of the Perseus radio mini-halo and depending on the assumed magnetic field profile, CTA should measure $\alpha_{\rm CRp}$ down to about $\Delta\alpha_{\rm CRp}\simeq 0.1$ and the CRp spatial distribution with 10% precision. Regarding DM, CTA should improve the current ground-based gamma-ray DM limits from clusters observations on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross-section by a factor of up to $\sim 5$, depending on the modelling of DM halo substructure. In the case of decay of DM particles, CTA will explore a new region of the parameter space, reaching models with $\tau_{\chi}>10^{27}$s for DM masses above 1 TeV. These constraints will provide unprecedented sensitivity to the physics of both CRp acceleration and transport at cluster scale and to TeV DM particle models, especially in the decay scenario., Comment: 93 pages (including author list, appendix and references), 143 figures. Submitted to JCAP
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Neuroanatomical Systems Relevant to Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Author: Holt, Daphne J., primary, Öngür, Dost, additional, Babadi, Baktash, additional, Wright, Christopher L., additional, Dickerson, Bradford C., additional, Camprodon, Joan A., additional, and Rauch, Scott L., additional
Published: 2025
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Contributors

Author: Acampora, Gregory Alexander, primary, Ahmad, Zeba N., additional, Alpay, Menekse, additional, Alpert, Jonathan E., additional, Babadi, Baktash, additional, Baek, Ji Hyun, additional, Baig, Mizra, additional, Bains, Ashika, additional, Baker, Amanda Waters, additional, Baldi, Olivia, additional, Beach, Scott R., additional, Beck, BJ, additional, Beckwith, Noor, additional, Benedek, David M., additional, Beresin, Eugene V., additional, Biederman, Joseph, additional, Bird, Suzanne A., additional, Blais, Mark A., additional, Bosson, Rahel, additional, Brendel, Rebecca Weintraub, additional, Bui, Eric, additional, Camprodon, Joan A., additional, Capawana, Michael R., additional, Caplan, Jason P., additional, Carter, Christopher, additional, Cassano, Paolo, additional, Cather, Corinne, additional, Celano, Christopher M., additional, Chang, Trina E., additional, Charoenpong, Prangthip, additional, Chemali, Zeina N., additional, Chen, Justin, additional, Chopra, Amit, additional, Choukas, Nathaniel, additional, Chung, Sun Young, additional, Cohen, Jonah, additional, Cohen, Lee S., additional, Colvin, Mary K. (Molly), additional, Conteh, Nkechi, additional, Crain, Laura D., additional, Cremens, M. Cornelia, additional, Cusin, Cristina, additional, Dekel, Sharon, additional, Denysenko, Lex, additional, Dickerson, Bradford C., additional, Donovan, Abigail L., additional, Doorley, James, additional, Dougherty, Darin D., additional, Ducharme, Simon, additional, Eddy, Kamryn T., additional, Edersheim, Judith G., additional, Evanoff, Anastasia B., additional, Fava, Maurizio, additional, Finn, Christine T., additional, Fernandez-Robles, Carlos, additional, Fishel, Anne K., additional, Forchelli, Gina, additional, Freudenreich, Oliver, additional, Fricchione, Gregory L., additional, Friedman, Nora D.B., additional, Gatchel, Jennifer R., additional, Gelaye, Bizu, additional, Georgiopoulos, Anna M., additional, Ghaznavi, Sharmin, additional, Ginsburg, Richard, additional, Gold, Alexandra K., additional, Gordon, Christopher D., additional, Gray, Caroline A., additional, Greenberg, Donna B., additional, Greer, Joseph, additional, Hazen, Eric P., additional, Henry, Michael E., additional, Herman, John B., additional, Himes, Susan, additional, Hogan, Charlotte, additional, Holt, Daphne J., additional, Huffman, Jeffery C., additional, Huguenel, Brynn, additional, Ipek, Simay, additional, Irwin, Kelly Edwards, additional, Ivkovic, Ana, additional, Jacobs, Jamie, additional, Jagodnik, Kathleen M., additional, Jain, Felipe A., additional, Jankauskaite, Greta, additional, Januzzi, James L., additional, Jenike, Michael A., additional, Jenkins, Jonathan, additional, Johnson, Justin M., additional, Julian, John N., additional, Kamali, Masoud, additional, Kaneko, Yoshio A., additional, Katz, Tamar C., additional, Keuroghlian, Alex, additional, Keuthen, Nancy J., additional, Khoshbin, Shahram, additional, Kim, Hyun-Hee, additional, Kim, Youngjung R., additional, Koh, Katherine A., additional, Kohrman, Samuel I., additional, Kontos, Nicholas, additional, Lagomasino, Isabel T., additional, Leval, Rebecca, additional, Leveroni, Catherine, additional, Lim, Carol, additional, Luccarelli, James, additional, Madarasmi, Saira, additional, Madva, Elizabeth N., additional, McCoy, Thomas H., additional, Milosavljevic, Nada, additional, Mischoulon, David, additional, Miyares, Peyton, additional, Morelli, Leah W., additional, Rodriguez, Alejandra E. Morfin, additional, Murray, Evan D., additional, Murray, Helen Burton, additional, Nejad, Shamim H., additional, Newhouse, Amy L., additional, Nicolson, Stephen E., additional, Nierenberg, Andrew A., additional, Nisavic, Mladen, additional, Nonacs, Ruta M., additional, Öngür, Dost, additional, Onyeaka, Henry, additional, Orr, Scott P., additional, Ostacher, Michael J., additional, Pace-Schott, Edward F., additional, Papakostas, George I., additional, Paudel, Shreedhar, additional, Peay, Celeste, additional, Pederson, Aderonke Bamgbose, additional, Penava, Susan J., additional, Perez, David L., additional, Perlis, Roy H., additional, Peters, Amy T., additional, Pinsky, Elizabeth G., additional, Pollak, Lauren Norton, additional, Pollastri, Alisha R., additional, Post, Loren M., additional, Powell, Alicia D., additional, Prager, Laura M., additional, Praschan, Nathan, additional, Price, Bruce H., additional, Prince, Jefferson B., additional, Probert, Julia M., additional, Prom, Maria C., additional, Punko, Diana, additional, Rauch, Scott L., additional, Raviola, Giuseppe J., additional, Reilly-Harrington, Noreen A., additional, Ritchie, Elspeth Cameron, additional, Rivas-Vazquez, Rafael, additional, Robinson, Ellen M., additional, Roffman, Joshua L., additional, Rubin, David H., additional, Ruchensky, Jared R., additional, Salvi, Joshua D., additional, Sanders, Kathy M., additional, Sanders, Wesley M., additional, Schlozman, Steven C., additional, Schouten, Ronald, additional, Schuster, Randi, additional, Shafer, Linda C., additional, Sheets, Jennifer, additional, Sher, Yelizaveta, additional, Sherman, Janet Cohen, additional, Sinclair, Samuel Justin, additional, Smith, Felicia A., additional, Sockalingam, Sanjeev, additional, Sogg, Stephanie, additional, Sorg, Emily M., additional, Sprich, Susan E., additional, Stein, Michelle B., additional, Stern, Theodore A., additional, Stoler, Joan M., additional, Stone, Mira, additional, Surman, Craig B.H., additional, Sylvia, Louisa G., additional, Tanev, Kaloyan S., additional, Tayeb, Haythum O., additional, Taylor, John B., additional, Thom, Robyn P., additional, Thomas, Jennifer J., additional, Tillman, Emma M., additional, Traeger, Lara, additional, Trinh, Nhi-Ha, additional, Uchida, Mai, additional, Ulman, Kathleen Hubbs, additional, Valera, Eve M., additional, Van Alphen, Manjola U., additional, Vazquez, Rafael, additional, Viguera, Adele C., additional, Wang, Betty, additional, Weilburg, Jeffrey B., additional, Weinberg, Marc, additional, Weinstein, Sylvie J., additional, Weisholtz, Daniel, additional, Wilens, Timothy E., additional, Wilhelm, Sabine, additional, Winkelman, John W., additional, Wright, Christopher L., additional, Wynn, Gary H., additional, Yeung, Albert, additional, Zakhary, Lisa, additional, and Zambrano, Juliana, additional
Published: 2025
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Oxygen vacancy induced defect dipoles in BiVO4 for photoelectrocatalytic partial oxidation of methane

Author: Xianlong Li, Zhiliang Wang, Alireza Sasani, Ardeshir Baktash, Kai Wang, Haijiao Lu, Jiakang You, Peng Chen, Ping Chen, Yifan Bao, Shujun Zhang, Gang Liu, and Lianzhou Wang
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract A strong driving force for charge separation and transfer in semiconductors is essential for designing effective photoelectrodes for solar energy conversion. While defect engineering and polarization alignment can enhance this process, their potential interference within a photoelectrode remains unclear. Here we show that oxygen vacancies in bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) can create defect dipoles due to a disruption of symmetry. The modified photoelectrodes exhibit a strong correlation between charge separation and transfer capability and external electrical poling, which is not seen in unmodified samples. Applying poling at −150 Volt boosts charge separation and transfer efficiency to over 90%. A photocurrent density of 6.3 mA cm−2 is achieved on the photoelectrode after loading with a nickel-iron oxide-based cocatalyst. Furthermore, using generated holes for methane partial oxidation can produce methanol with a Faradaic efficiency of approximately 6%. These findings provide valuable insights into the photoelectrocatalytic conversion of greenhouse gases into valuable chemical products.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-Sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Project, CTA-LST, Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borghese, A., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Cassol, F., Cauz, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., D'Amico, G., Dalchenko, M., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Garcia, E., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, F., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giro, E., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jacquemont, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Marusevec, P., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Mrakovcic, K., Murase, K., Nagai, A., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nickel, L., Nievas, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pérez, A., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Ruiz, J. E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Spolon, A., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Sunada, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tejedor, L. A., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Uhlrich, G., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zywucka, N., Bernloehr, K., Gueta, O., Kosack, K., Maier, G., Watson, J., Rijeka, University of, Physics, Department of, Rijeka, Croatia, Physics, Institute for Theoretical, Astrophysics, Würzburg, Universität, Nord, Campus Hubland, Würzburg, Germany, Physik, Institut für Theoretische, IV, Lehrstuhl, Plasma-Astroteilchenphysik, Bochum, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, La Sapienza, INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy, ILANCE, Laboratory, CNRS - University of Tokyo International Research, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan, Program, Physics, Science, Graduate School of Advanced, Engineering, University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Vergata, INFN Sezione di Roma Tor, Physics, Faculty of, Informatics, Applied, Lodz, University of, Lodz, Poland, Split, University of, FESB, Split, University, Yamagata, Yamagata, University, Tohoku, Institute, Astronomical, Aobaku, Sendai, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of, Osijek, dell'Aquila, INFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche - Università degli Studi, Institute, Gran Sasso Science, L'Aquila, Oiwakecho, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto, Astronomy, Department of, Geneva, University of, Versoix, Switzerland, Sciences, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of, Prague, Republic, Czech, Science, Faculty of, University, Ibaraki, Mito, Ibaraki, University, Waseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo, di Trieste, INFN Sezione, di Trieste, Università degli Studi, Trieste, INFN, di Siena, Università degli Studi, Fisiche, Dipartimento di Scienze, dell'Ambiente, della Terra e, di Fisica, Sezione, Siena, de Jaén, Escuela Politécnica Superior, de Jaén, Universidad, Lagunillas, Campus Las, Jaén, Spain, Physics, Saha Institute of Nuclear, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India, Research, Institute for Nuclear, Energy, Nuclear, Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of, Sofia, Bulgaria, Sciences, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of, Praha, di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica 'E. Segrè' Università degli Studi, Scienze, via delle, Palermo, de Electronica, Grupo, de Madrid, Universidad Complutense, Complutense, Av., Madrid, Physics, Department of Applied, Zagreb, University of, Zagreb, Center, Hiroshima Astrophysical Science, Higashi-Hiroshima, RIKEN, Physical, Institute of, Research, Chemical, Wako, Saitama, University, Charles, Particle, Institute of, Physics, Nuclear, Physics, Division of, Astronomy, Science, Graduate School of, University, Kyoto, Sakyo-ku, Research, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental, University, Nagoya, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Institute, Kobayashi-Maskawa, Particles, for the Origin of, Universe, the, Technology, Graduate School of, Industrial, Sciences, Social, University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Sciences, Department of Physical, University, Aoyama Gakuin, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, IRFU, CEA, Paris-Saclay, Université, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, University, Saitama, Sakura-ku, city, Saitama, di Torino, Dipartimento di Fisica - Universitá degli Studi, Torino, University, Konan, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan), Heidelberg, Zeuthen, Saclay, CEA, Merisiers, Orme des, and France)
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: CTA (Cherenkov Telescope Array) is the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. LSTs are designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, down to $\simeq 20$ GeV. LST-1 started performing astronomical observations in November 2019, during its commissioning phase, and it has been taking data since then. We present the first LST-1 observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard candle of very-high energy gamma-ray astronomy, and use them, together with simulations, to assess the basic performance parameters of the telescope. The data sample consists of around 36 hours of observations at low zenith angles collected between November 2020 and March 2022. LST-1 has reached the expected performance during its commissioning period - only a minor adjustment of the preexisting simulations was needed to match the telescope behavior. The energy threshold at trigger level is estimated to be around 20 GeV, rising to $\simeq 30$ GeV after data analysis. Performance parameters depend strongly on energy, and on the strength of the gamma-ray selection cuts in the analysis: angular resolution ranges from 0.12 to 0.40 degrees, and energy resolution from 15 to 50%. Flux sensitivity is around 1.1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 250 GeV for a 50-h observation (12% for 30 minutes). The spectral energy distribution (in the 0.03 - 30 TeV range) and the light curve obtained for the Crab Nebula agree with previous measurements, considering statistical and systematic uncertainties. A clear periodic signal is also detected from the pulsar at the center of the Nebula., Comment: Accepted in ApJ. v3: updated author list and acknowledgements, fixed typos and other minor issues
Published: 2023

18. Oxygen vacancy induced defect dipoles in BiVO4 for photoelectrocatalytic partial oxidation of methane

Author: Li, Xianlong, Wang, Zhiliang, Sasani, Alireza, Baktash, Ardeshir, Wang, Kai, Lu, Haijiao, You, Jiakang, Chen, Peng, Chen, Ping, Bao, Yifan, Zhang, Shujun, Liu, Gang, and Wang, Lianzhou
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Clinical relevance of the 3-cm threshold in sigmoid diverticulitis with abscess: consensus or quandary?

Author: Vaghiri, Sascha, David, Stephan Oliver, Sultani, Ahmad Baktash, Safi, Sami Alexander, Knoefel, Wolfram Trudo, and Prassas, Dimitrios
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. EASpy: Fast simulation of fluorescence and Cherenkov light from extended air showers at large zenith angles

Author: Baktash, Ali and Horns, Dieter
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The detailed simulation of extended air showers (EAS) and their emission of Cherenkov and fluorescence light requires increasing computation time and storage volume with increasing energy of the primary particle. Given these limitations, it is currently challenging to optimize configurations of imaging air Cherenkov telescopes at photon energies beyond approximately 100 TeV. Additionally, the existing simulation frameworks are not capable of capturing the interplay of Cherenkov and fluorescence light emission at large zenith angle distances ($\gtrsim 70^\circ$), where the collection area of Cherenkov telescopes considerably increases. Here, we present EASpy, a framework for the simulation of EAS at large zenith angles using parametrizations for electron-positron distributions. Our proposed approach for the emission of fluorescence and Cherenkov light and the subsequent imaging of these components by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) aims to provide flexibility and accuracy while at the same time it reduces the computation time considerably compared to full Monte Carlo simulations. We find excellent agreement of the resulting Cherenkov images when comparing results obtained from EASpy with the de-facto standard simulation tool CORSIKA and sim_telarray. In the process of verifying our approach, we have found that air shower images appear wider and longer with increasing impact distance at large zenith angles, an effect that has previously not been noted. We also investigate the distribution of light on the ground for fluorescence and Cherenkov emission and highlight their key differences to distributions at moderate zenith angles.
Published: 2023

21. Tuning Traditional Language Processing Approaches for Pashto Text Classification

Author: Baktash, Jawid Ahmad, Dawodi, Mursal, Joya, Mohammad Zarif, and Hassanzada, Nematullah
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Today text classification becomes critical task for concerned individuals for numerous purposes. Hence, several researches have been conducted to develop automatic text classification for national and international languages. However, the need for an automatic text categorization system for local languages is felt. The main aim of this study is to establish a Pashto automatic text classification system. In order to pursue this work, we built a Pashto corpus which is a collection of Pashto documents due to the unavailability of public datasets of Pashto text documents. Besides, this study compares several models containing both statistical and neural network machine learning techniques including Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), decision tree, gaussian na\"ive Bayes, multinomial na\"ive Bayes, random forest, and logistic regression to discover the most effective approach. Moreover, this investigation evaluates two different feature extraction methods including unigram, and Time Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (IFIDF). Subsequently, this research obtained average testing accuracy rate 94% using MLP classification algorithm and TFIDF feature extraction method in this context., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2305.03201
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Enhancing Pashto Text Classification using Language Processing Techniques for Single And Multi-Label Analysis

Author: Dawodi, Mursal and Baktash, Jawid Ahmad
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Text classification has become a crucial task in various fields, leading to a significant amount of research on developing automated text classification systems for national and international languages. However, there is a growing need for automated text classification systems that can handle local languages. This study aims to establish an automated classification system for Pashto text. To achieve this goal, we constructed a dataset of Pashto documents and applied various models, including statistical and neural machine learning models such as DistilBERT-base-multilingual-cased, Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, K Nearest Neighbor, decision tree, Gaussian na\"ive Bayes, multinomial na\"ive Bayes, random forest, and logistic regression, to identify the most effective approach. We also evaluated two different feature extraction methods, bag of words and Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency. The study achieved an average testing accuracy rate of 94% using the MLP classification algorithm and TFIDF feature extraction method in single-label multiclass classification. Similarly, MLP+TFIDF yielded the best results, with an F1-measure of 0.81. Furthermore, the use of pre-trained language representation models, such as DistilBERT, showed promising results for Pashto text classification; however, the study highlights the importance of developing a specific tokenizer for a particular language to achieve reasonable results., Comment: https://nlpai2023.org/papers?fbclid=IwAR2v29d3nFUaIx9U-rnfN8pqJu1tXBS9P9OV1IJnsbJ0QHN9JZAMPhZA7Ds
Published: 2023

23. Employing Hybrid Deep Neural Networks on Dari Speech

Author: Baktash, Jawid Ahmad and Dawodi, Mursal
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Sound
Abstract: This paper is an extension of our previous conference paper. In recent years, there has been a growing interest among researchers in developing and improving speech recognition systems to facilitate and enhance human-computer interaction. Today, Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have become ubiquitous, used in everything from games to translation systems, robots, and more. However, much research is still needed on speech recognition systems for low-resource languages. This article focuses on the recognition of individual words in the Dari language using the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) feature extraction method and three different deep neural network models: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), as well as two hybrid models combining CNN and RNN. We evaluate these models using an isolated Dari word corpus that we have created, consisting of 1000 utterances for 20 short Dari terms. Our study achieved an impressive average accuracy of 98.365%., Comment: https://nlpai2023.org/papers?fbclid=IwAR2v29d3nFUaIx9U-rnfN8pqJu1tXBS9P9OV1IJnsbJ0QHN9JZAMPhZA7Ds
Published: 2023

24. Gpt-4: A Review on Advancements and Opportunities in Natural Language Processing

Author: Baktash, Jawid Ahmad and Dawodi, Mursal
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is the fourth-generation language model in the GPT series, developed by OpenAI, which promises significant advancements in the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this research article, we have discussed the features of GPT-4, its potential applications, and the challenges that it might face. We have also compared GPT-4 with its predecessor, GPT-3. GPT-4 has a larger model size (more than one trillion), better multilingual capabilities, improved contextual understanding, and reasoning capabilities than GPT-3. Some of the potential applications of GPT-4 include chatbots, personal assistants, language translation, text summarization, and question-answering. However, GPT-4 poses several challenges and limitations such as computational requirements, data requirements, and ethical concerns.
Published: 2023

25. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to spectral signatures of hadronic PeVatrons with application to Galactic Supernova Remnants

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Aloisio, R., Crespo, N. Álvarez, Batista, R. Alves, Amati, L., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angüner, E. O., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Armstrong, T., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballet, J., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Bastieri, D., Baxter, J. R., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Bernardos-Martín, M. I., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Bordas, P., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Brose, R., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Capasso, M., Dolcetta, R. A. Capuzzo, Caraveo, P., Cardillo, M., Carosi, R., Casanova, S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Catalani, F., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Coimbra-Araujo, C., Conforti, V., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cristofari, P., Crocker, R., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., De Angelis, A., De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, de Souza, V., Delgado, C., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djuvsland, J. I., Donini, A., Doro, M., Anjos, R. d. C. Dos, Dwarkadas, V. V., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Ferrand, G., Fiandrini, E., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Fontaine, G., Fukami, S., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Gammaldi, V., Gasbarra, C., Ghalumyan, A., Ghirlanda, G., Giarrusso, M., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Giuliani, A., Giunti, L., Godinovic, N., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gréaux, L., Green, D., Grondin, M-H., Gueta, O., Gunji, S., Hassan, T., Heller, M., Hernández-Cadena, S., Hinton, J., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Jung-Richardt, I., Jurysek, J., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Katz, U., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kieda, D. B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluzniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kubo, H., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Liodakis, I., Lohse, T., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Marconi, M., Martí, J., Martínez, G., Martinez, M., Martinez, O., Mello, A. J. T. S., Menchiari, S., Meyer, D. M. -A., Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michalowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mode, B., Moderski, R., Mohrmann, L., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Mosè, M., Moulin, E., Mukherjee, R., Munari, K., Murach, T., Nagai, A., Nagataki, S., Nemmen, R., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Novosyadlyj, B., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohm, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Patricelli, B., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Pohl, M., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Quirrenbach, A., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Reposeur, T., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Rigoselli, M., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Sadeh, I., Safi-Harb, S., Saha, L., Sailer, S., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Scherer, A., Schovánek, P., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Scuderi, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Shang, R-Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sliusar, V., Słowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spengler, G., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stolarczyk, T., Pereira, L. A. Stuani, Suda, Y., Suomijarvi, T., Sushch, I., Tajima, H., Tam, P-H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tavecchio, F., Testa, V., Tian, W., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tothill, N., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Vecchi, M., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Vignatti, J., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Vorobiov, S., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zhdanov, V. I., and Živec, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The local Cosmic Ray (CR) energy spectrum exhibits a spectral softening at energies around 3~PeV. Sources which are capable of accelerating hadrons to such energies are called hadronic PeVatrons. However, hadronic PeVatrons have not yet been firmly identified within the Galaxy. Several source classes, including Galactic Supernova Remnants (SNRs), have been proposed as PeVatron candidates. The potential to search for hadronic PeVatrons with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is assessed. The focus is on the usage of very high energy $\gamma$-ray spectral signatures for the identification of PeVatrons. Assuming that SNRs can accelerate CRs up to knee energies, the number of Galactic SNRs which can be identified as PeVatrons with CTA is estimated within a model for the evolution of SNRs. Additionally, the potential of a follow-up observation strategy under moonlight conditions for PeVatron searches is investigated. Statistical methods for the identification of PeVatrons are introduced, and realistic Monte--Carlo simulations of the response of the CTA observatory to the emission spectra from hadronic PeVatrons are performed. Based on simulations of a simplified model for the evolution for SNRs, the detection of a $\gamma$-ray signal from in average 9 Galactic PeVatron SNRs is expected to result from the scan of the Galactic plane with CTA after 10 hours of exposure. CTA is also shown to have excellent potential to confirm these sources as PeVatrons in deep observations with $\mathcal{O}(100)$ hours of exposure per source., Comment: 34 pages, 16 figures, Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. H.E.S.S. follow-up observations of GRB221009A

Author: Collaboration, H. E. S. S., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Martins, V. Barbosa, Batzofin, R., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernlöhr, K., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, Borowska, J., Bouyahiaoui, M., Bradascio, F., Breuhaus, M., Brose, R., Brun, F., Bruno, B., Bulik, T., Burger-Scheidlin, C., Caroff, S., Casanova, S., Celic, J., Cerruti, M., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Cotter, G., Dai, S., Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene, Devin, J., Djannati-Ataï, A., Dmytriiev, A., Doroshenko, V., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fegan, S., de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet, Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Füßling, M., Funk, S., Gabici, S., Ghafourizadeh, S., Giavitto, G., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Goswami, P., Grolleron, G., Hinton, M. -H. Grondin J. A., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Huang, Zhiqiu, Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, F., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Lang, R. G., Stum, S. Le, Leitl, F., Lemière, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. P., Leuschner, F., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Martí-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moulin, E., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., Noel, A. Priyana, O'Brien, P., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., Wilhelmi, E. de Ona, Ostrowski, M., Panny, S., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ren, H., Renaud, M., Reville, B., Rieger, F., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Salzmann, H., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schäfer, J., Schüssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Shapopi, J. N. S., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Suzuki, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Terrier, R., Tsuji, N., Uchiyama, Y., Vecchi, M., Venter, C., Vink, J., Wagner, S. J., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu Wun, Zacharias, M., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., and Żywucka, N.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: GRB221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst ever detected. To probe the very-high-energy (VHE, $>$\!100 GeV) emission, the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) began observations 53 hours after the triggering event, when the brightness of the moonlight no longer precluded observations. We derive differential and integral upper limits using H.E.S.S. data from the third, fourth, and ninth nights after the initial GRB detection, after applying atmospheric corrections. The combined observations yield an integral energy flux upper limit of $\Phi_\mathrm{UL}^{95\%} = 9.7 \times 10^{-12}~\mathrm{erg\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$ above $E_\mathrm{thr} = 650$ GeV. The constraints derived from the H.E.S.S. observations complement the available multiwavelength data. The radio to X-ray data are consistent with synchrotron emission from a single electron population, with the peak in the SED occurring above the X-ray band. Compared to the VHE-bright GRB190829A, the upper limits for GRB221009A imply a smaller gamma-ray to X-ray flux ratio in the afterglow. Even in the absence of a detection, the H.E.S.S. upper limits thus contribute to the multiwavelength picture of GRB221009A, effectively ruling out an IC dominated scenario., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in APJL. Corresponding authors: J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, H. Ashkar, S. J. Zhu, B. Reville, F. Sch\"ussler
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Enhancing upper extremity muscle strength in individuals with spinal cord injury using low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise

Author: Babak Shadgan, Mehdi Nourizadeh, Yekta Saremi, Leila Baktash, and Stefan Lazarevic
Subjects: spinal cord injury, exercise, blood flow restriction, BFR, low-intensity, overuse, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Objectives: This study explores the feasibility and effects of low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise on forearm muscle strength and function in individuals with spinal cord injury. Study design: Pilot randomized clinical trial. Patients and methods: Ten male and female adult participants with chronic cervical and thoracic spinal cord injury underwent an 8-week low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise programme that targeted forearm muscles. Each participant’s contralateral forearm served as the control. Grip strength was the primary outcome measure, and participants also provided qualitative feedback on their experiences. Results: The study revealed a significant increase in participants’ forearm muscle strength on the experimental side engaged in low-intensity blood flow restriction training, with an average strength gain of 7.5 ± 0.36 kg after 16 exercise sessions (Cohen’s d = –6.32, 95% CI –8.34, –6.68). In comparison, the control side, following a conventional high- intensity exercise regimen without BFR, showed a more modest strength increase of 4.4 ± 0.67 kg. A mean Patient’s Global Impression of Change score of 2.2 reflected overall improvements in participants’ daily activities and health status. Conclusion: This study highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of low-intensity blood flow restriction exercise as a safe and promising approach to enhancing forearm muscle strength in individuals with spinal cord injury. The observed positive outcomes, coupled with a high level of participant satisfaction, underscore the potential of this innovative method to significantly improve limb muscle strength, thereby contributing to greater functional independence in this population.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. BAMO at SemEval-2024 Task 9: BRAINTEASER: A Novel Task Defying Common Sense.

Author: Baktash Ansari, Mohammadmostafa Rostamkhani, and Sauleh Eetemadi
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Bilingual Sexism Classification: Fine-Tuned XLM-RoBERTa and GPT-3.5 Few-Shot Learning.

Author: AmirMohammad Azadi, Baktash Ansari, Sina Zamani, and Sauleh Eetemadi
Published: 2024

30. Diagnostic Guidance for C. difficile Infections

Author: van Prehn, Joffrey, Crobach, Monique J. T., Baktash, Amoe, Duszenko, Nikolas, Kuijper, Ed J., Mastrantonio, Paola, editor, and Rupnik, Maja, editor
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Interpretation of multi-TeV photons from GRB221009A

Author: Baktash, Ali, Horns, Dieter, and Meyer, Manuel
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The nearby GRB221009A at redshift $z=0.1505$ has been observed up to a maximum energy of 18 TeV with the LHAASO air shower array. The expected optical depth for a photon with energy $E_\gamma=18$ TeV varies between 9.4 and 27.1 according to existing models of the extra-galactic background light (EBL) in the relevant mid infra-red range. The resulting suppression of the flux in several (but not all) EBL models makes it for these EBL models unlikely that this photon could have been observed at the claimed energy. If the photon event and its energy are confirmed and possibly even more photons above 10 TeV have been observed, the photon-pair production process would have to be suppressed by mechanisms predicted in extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics. We consider the possibilities of photon mixing with a light pseudo-scalar (e.g., axion-like particles; ALPs) in the magnetic field of the host galaxy and the Milky Way and Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). In the case of photon-ALP mixing, the boost factor would reach values $\sim10^6$ for photon couplings not ruled out by the CAST experiment, but limited by other astrophysical constraints. Viable scenarios would require either very efficient mixing in or near to the GRB or that the largest part of the total luminosity is radiated at TeV energies, different from previous GRB afterglows. In the case of LIV, required boost factors are achievable for a LIV breaking energy scale $\lesssim 2\times 10^{29}$~eV ($\lesssim 4\times 10^{21}$~eV) for the linear (quadratic) modification of the dispersion relation. A more simple explanation would be a misidentification of a charged cosmic-ray air shower., Comment: revised version, submitted to JCAP. Revised VHE afterglow model, added two figures. Numbers updated
Published: 2022

32. Multi-wavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157

Author: Abe, S., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bordas, P., Buisson, C., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Cassol, F., Cauz, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., D'Amico, G., Dalchenko, M., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrara, G., Fiasson, A., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Garcia, E., López, R. Garcia, Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giro, E., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jacquemont, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Marusevec, P., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Mrakovcic, K., Murase, K., Nagai, A., Nakamori, T., Nickel, L., Nievas, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Šarić, T., Saturni, F. G., Scherpenberg, J., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Spolon, A., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Sunada, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takahashi, H., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Uhlrich, G., Vacula, M., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zywucka, N., Balbo, M., Eckert, D., and Tramacere, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: LHAASO J2108+5157 is one of the few known unidentified Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) gamma-ray sources with no Very-High-Energy (VHE) counterpart, recently discovered by the LHAASO collaboration. We observed LHAASO J2108+5157 in the X-ray band with XMM-Newton in 2021 for a total of 3.8 hours and at TeV energies with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1), yielding 49 hours of good quality data. In addition, we analyzed 12 years of Fermi-LAT data, to better constrain emission of its High-Energy (HE) counterpart 4FGL J2108.0+5155. We found an excess (3.7 sigma) in the LST-1 data at energies E > 3 TeV. Further analysis in the whole LST-1 energy range assuming a point-like source, resulted in a hint (2.2 sigma) of hard emission which can be described with a single power law with photon index Gamma = 1.6 +- 0.2 between 0.3 - 100 TeV. We did not find any significant extended emission which could be related to a Supernova Remnant (SNR) or Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the XMM-Newton data, which puts strong constraints on possible synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons. The LST-1 and LHAASO observations can be explained as inverse Compton-dominated leptonic emission of relativistic electrons with a cutoff energy of $100^{+70}_{-30}$ TeV. The low magnetic field in the source imposed by the X-ray upper limits on synchrotron emission is compatible with a hypothesis of a PWN or a TeV halo. The lack of a pulsar in the neighborhood of the UHE source is a challenge to the PWN/TeV-halo scenario. The UHE gamma rays can also be explained as $\pi^0$ decay-dominated hadronic emission due to interaction of relativistic protons with one of the two known molecular clouds in the direction of the source. The hard spectrum in the LST-1 band is compatible with protons escaping a shock around a middle-aged SNR because of their high low-energy cut-off., Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables; Astronomy and Astrophysics (accepted on 6 March 2023)
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Prevalence of mental health status among displaced individuals at Hamam al-Alil camp in Ninevah governorate

Author: Mohammed Baktash and Iman Jallod
Subjects: prevalence health manta nternally people displaced refugees, Education, Language and Literature
Abstract: Background: Nearly 45 million individuals worldwide are internally displaced annually by conflicts. While the psychological effects of war have been extensively documented, there is less understanding of the psychological and mental health symptoms experienced by internally displaced persons (IDPs) as a result of forced displacement. (IDPs). Aim: This study aims to assess the mental health status of people displaced in Hamam Al-Alil Camp. Methods: The cross-sectional survey study design was performed in Hamam Al-Alil camps (Situated on the western bank of the Tigris River in the Nineveh Governorate in Iraq, to the south of Mosul) for the period of 26th December 2017 throughout 1st March 2018. The sample of the study consists of (869) participants. Results: The study distributed 869 surveys which show that the estimation of females was (54%), while males (46%), most of the participants in this study were at age (18-30) years old, and a majority of the participants reported at least one or more mental conditions such as PTSD and anxiety Conclusions: Most of the participants were female and housewives (54%) (52%) respectively, and in terms of age (39%) they ranged in age from 18 to 30 years old as well as Hamam Al-Alil residents people reported a high prevalence of mental health symptoms. Recommendation: Resettlement partners must be mindful of the specific health concerns within this population to effectively meet the needs of the community.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Beyond sight: Comparing traditional virtual reality and immersive multi-sensory environments in stress reduction of university students

Author: Hanieh Baktash, Daejin Kim, and Amin Shirazi
Subjects: virtual reality, multi-sensory design, biophilic design, stress reduction, anxiety reduction, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract: IntroductionThis study aims to assess the efficacy of traditional virtual reality (VR) and Immersive Multi-sensory Environments (IME) in mitigating anxiety levels among university students. The study can address the following research questions: 1) What disparities exist in anxiety levels before and after exposure to traditional VR and IME? 2) How do anxiety levels compare between participants exposed to IME and those in a VR environment?MethodsThe research adopted a twophase approach involving participants exhibiting moderate to high-stress levels. In the second phase, participants were randomly assigned to either a VR group (solely visual stimulation) or an IME group (comprising visual, auditory, and olfactory stimuli). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were utilized to assess stress and anxiety levels before and after each experiment.ResultsThe findings suggest that participants’ experiences in both VR and IME environments effectively contributed to reducing anxiety levels and fostering a tranquil atmosphere. Both experimental groups reported a significantly heightened sense of relaxation post-experiments. Although the disparity was not statistically significant, the IME group displayed a more pronounced reduction in stress levels compared to the VR group.DiscussionThe research underscores the significance of considering the built environment and sensory design in addressing mental health challenges among college students. Further exploration and integration of such approaches into educational settings could significantly contribute to establishing more supportive and conducive environments for student success.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. MONITORING THE SHIFT OF RAINFED LINE OF 250 mm OVER IRAQ

Author: Y. K. Al-Timimi and F. Y. Baktash
Subjects: climate change, agriculture, Mesopotamia, dryland, drought, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: This study was aimed to analyze the annual rainfall and study the changes in the borders of rainfed regions in Iraq. Monthly rainfall data for 39 meteorological stations affiliated with the Iraqi Ministry of Transportation /Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology have been used. These data represent a Long-term Climate Records from January 1980 to December 2020 have been used to calculate the mean annual rainfall in Iraq over the 41 years. The resultes showed significant spatial and temporal variability in the annual mean rainfall, with higher values in the northern areas of Iraq and lower values in the southern regions. It was examined the succession of the rainfed line at 250mm. The results indicated that there have been clear changes in the rained line of 250 mm during the four different decades (1980–1990, 1990–2000, 2000–2010, and 2010–2020). Iraq was located between the 100 mm rain line at the south and the 1277 mm rain line at the far northeast. Iraq became located between the 100-1000 mm rain line. During the four time periods, the area of the rainfed agriculture region, which depends on a 250 mm rainfall line, amounted to 20.38%, 20.17%, 14.91%, and 17.01%. In general, the area of the region decreased in the southeast and north during the first, second, and third time periods and then expanded slightly during the fourth time period.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Effect of Vicia villosa protein isolate-based edible coating incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles on the shelf-life of chicken breast meat during cold storage

Author: Ashkan Jebeli Javan, Sahar Baktash, Behdad Shokrolahi Yancheshmeh, Mahnoosh Parsaeimehr, Hamid Madanchi, Anna Abdolshahi, Leila Monjazeb Marvdashti, and Nabi Shriatifar
Subjects: Coating, Vicia villosa, ZnO nanoparticle, Chicken, Shelf-life, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract: In this study, Vicia villosa protein isolate (VVPI), with a high and valuable protein source, was used to create an edible coating containing ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to investigate the effect of active coating on the quality of chicken breast fillets during refrigerated storage. The results showed a low growth rate in total viable count (TVC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in coated samples. Moreover, as ZnO NPs concentration increased, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) decreased in the coated samples. In addition, the acid value and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) in the coated samples were significantly lower than the control group. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum confirmed the chemical interactions of the coating components. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a homogeneous layer of coating on the surface of the coated chicken meat. Organoleptic indicators including color, smell, texture and overall acceptability were acceptable in all coated samples. These findings showed that the coating based on protein isolate containing ZnO NPs has a good potential to increase the safety and shelf life of chicken meat.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Integrated effect of Azolla in combination with nitrogenous fertilizer on chemical properties of soil and yield of rice grown under SRI

Author: Baktash, Abdul Mateen, Datt, Naveen, and Shabnam
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Electrochemical biosensors for early detection of breast cancer

Author: Kiani, Pouria, Vatankhahan, Hamid, Zare-Hoseinabadi, Alireza, Ferdosi, Felora, Ehtiati, Sajad, Heidari, Parasta, Dorostgou, Zahra, Movahedpour, Ahmad, Baktash, Aria, Rajabivahid, Mansour, and Khatami, Seyyed Hossein
Published: 2025
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Innate and adaptive immune cell interaction drives inflammasome activation and hepatocyte apoptosis in murine liver injury from immune checkpoint inhibitors

Author: Layla Shojaie, Jacob M. Bogdanov, Helia Alavifard, Mahmoud G. Mohamed, Aria Baktash, Myra Ali, Simeon Mahov, Sue Murray, Gary C. Kanel, Zhang-Xu Liu, Fumito Ito, Gino K. In, Akil Merchant, William Stohl, and Lily Dara
Subjects: Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract: Abstract Immune checkpoints (CTLA4 & PD-1) are inhibitory pathways that block aberrant immune activity and maintain self-tolerance. Tumors co-opt these checkpoints to avoid immune destruction. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) activate immune cells and restore their tumoricidal potential, making them highly efficacious cancer therapies. However, immunotolerant organs such as the liver depend on these tolerogenic mechanisms, and their disruption with ICI use can trigger the unintended side effect of hepatotoxicity termed immune-mediated liver injury from ICIs (ILICI). Learning how to uncouple ILICI from ICI anti-tumor activity is of paramount clinical importance. We developed a murine model to recapitulate human ILICI using CTLA4+/- mice treated with either combined anti-CTLA4 + anti-PDL1 or IgG1 + IgG2. We tested two forms of antisense oligonucleotides to knockdown caspase-3 in a total liver (parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells) or in a hepatocyte-specific manner. We also employed imaging mass cytometry (IMC), a powerful multiplex modality for immunophenotyping and cell interaction analysis in our model. ICI-treated mice had significant evidence of liver injury. We detected cleaved caspase-3 (cC3), indicating apoptosis was occurring, as well as Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, but no necroptosis. Total liver knockdown of caspase-3 worsened liver injury, and induced further inflammasome activation, and Gasdermin-D-mediated pyroptosis. Hepatocyte-specific knockdown of caspase-3 reduced liver injury and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. IMC-generated single-cell data for 77,692 cells was used to identify 22 unique phenotypic clusters. Spatial analysis revealed that cC3+ hepatocytes had significantly closer interactions with macrophages, Kupffer cells, and NLRP3hi myeloid cells than other cell types. We also observed zones of three-way interaction between cC3+ hepatocytes, CD8 + T-cells, and macrophages. Our work is the first to identify hepatocyte apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation as drivers of ILICI. Furthermore, we report that the interplay between adaptive and innate immune cells is critical to hepatocyte apoptosis and ILICI.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. The role of ion migration, octahedral tilt, and the A-site cation on the instability of Cs1-xFAxPbI3

Author: Weilun Li, Mengmeng Hao, Ardeshir Baktash, Lianzhou Wang, and Joanne Etheridge
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are promising materials for the next generation photovoltaics and optoelectronics; however, their practical application has been hindered by poor structural stability mainly caused by ion migration and external stimuli. Understanding the mechanism(s) of ion migration and structure decomposition is thus critical. Here we observe the sequence of structural changes at the atomic level that precede structural decomposition in the technologically important Cs1-xFAxPbI3 using ultralow dose transmission electron microscopy. We find that these changes differ, depending upon the A-site composition. Initially, there is a random loss of FA+, complemented by the loss of I-. The remaining FA+ and I- ions then migrate, unit cell by unit cell, into an ordered and more stable phase with a √2 x √2 superstructure. Further ion loss is accompanied by A-site dependent octahedral tilt modes and associated tetragonal phases with different stabilities. These observations of the loss of FA+/I- ion pairs, ion migration, octahedral tilt modes, and the role of the A-cation, provide insights into the atomic-scale structural mechanisms that drive and block ion loss and ion migration, opening pathways to inhibit ion loss, migration and improve structural stability.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Arousal responses to personal space intrusions in psychotic illness: A virtual reality study

Author: Babadi, Baktash, Dokholyan, Katherine, DeTore, Nicole R., Tootell, Roger B.H., Sussman, Rachel F., Zapetis, Sarah L., and Holt, Daphne J.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Interdigitated Columnar Representation of Personal Space and Visual Space in Human Parietal Cortex

Author: Tootell, Roger B. H., Nasiriavanaki, Zahra, Babadi, Baktash, Greve, Douglas N., Nasr, Shahin, and Holt, Daphne J.
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: Personal space (PS) is the distance that people prefer to maintain between themselves and unfamiliar others. Interpersonal intrusion into a given persons PS evokes discomfort, and an urge to move further apart. We hypothesized that in parietal cortex: 1. PS processing involves a previously-described threat-sensitive brain circuit, and 2. the spatial encoding of distance is transformed accordingly, from purely sensory to PS-related. These hypotheses were tested using 7T fMRI at high spatial resolution. In response to images of different visual stimuli across a range of virtual distances, we found two categories of distance encoding in functionally corresponding columns within parietal cortex. First, PD (personal distance) columns responded selectively to moving and stationary face images presented at virtual distances nearer (but not further) than each subjects behaviorally-defined PS boundary. In the majority of PD columns, BOLD response amplitudes increased monotonically and nonlinearly with increasing virtual face proximity. In the remaining PD columns, BOLD responses decreased with increasing proximity. These fMRI response functions appear related to previously-reported variations in subjective discomfort levels, and physiologic arousal, during intrusion into but not beyond personal space. Secondly, DD (disparity distance) columns in parietal cortex responded selectively to disparity-based near or far distances, in random dot stimuli, like disparity-selective columns described previously in occipital cortex. In parietal cortex, maps of DD columns were systematically non-overlapping (interdigitated) with the PD columns. These results suggest that the transformation of spatial information, from visual to higher-order, may be computed in multiple small sites, rather than across a larger cortical gradient, in parietal cortex., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Tootell and Nasiriavanaki share joint first authorship
Published: 2021

43. Multi-redox covalent organic frameworks for aluminium organic batteries

Author: Peng, Xiyue, Baktash, Ardeshir, Huang, Yongxin, Alghamdi, Norah, You, Jiakang, Ning, Jing, Xin, Ruijing, Hao, Long, Qiu, Tengfei, Wang, Bin, Zhi, Linjie, Wang, Lianzhou, and Luo, Bin
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Global Consensus Recommendations on Improving the Safety of Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions

Author: Rafeh, Nidal Abi, Agostoni, Pierfrancesco, Alaswad, Khaldoon, Araya, Mario, Avran, Alexandre, Ayoub, Mohamed, Azzalini, Lorenzo, Babunashvili, Avtandil M., Bayani, Baktash, Behnes, Michael, Bhindi, Ravinay, Boudou, Nicolas, Boukhris, Marouane, Bozinovic, Nenad Z., Bryniarski, Leszek, Bufe, Alexander, Buller, Christopher E., Burke, M. Nicholas, Buettner, Heinz Joachim, Cardoso, Pedro, Carlino, Mauro, Chan, Chi-Kin, Chen, Jiyan, Christiansen, Evald Hoej, Colombo, Antonio, Croce, Kevin, Damas de los Santos, Felix, de Martini, Tony, Dens, Joseph, di Mario, Carlo, Doshi, Darshan, Dou, Kefei, Egred, Mohaned, Elbarouni, Basem, ElGuindy, Ahmed M., Escaned, Javier, Furkalo, Sergey, Gagnor, Andrea, Galassi, Alfredo R., Garbo, Roberto, L.Gasparini, Gabriele, Ge, Junbo, Ge, Lei, Goel, Pravin Kumar, Goktekin, Omer, Gonzalo, Nieves, Gorgulu, Sevket, Grancini, Luca, Hall, Allison B., Hanratty, Colm, Harb, Stefan, Harding, Scott A., Hatem, Raja, Hellig, Farrel, Henriques, Jose P.S., Hildick-Smith, David, Hill, Jonathan M., Hoye, Angela, Jaber, Wissam, Jaffer, Farouc A., Jang, Yangsoo, Jussila, Risto, Kalnins, Artis, Kalra, Sanjog, Kandzari, David E., Kao, Hsien-Li, Karmpaliotis, Dimitri, Kassem, Hussien Heshmat, Kearney, Kathleen E., Kerrigan, Jimmy, Khatri, Jaikirshan, Khelimskii, Dmitri, Kirtane, Ajay J., Knaapen, Paul, Kornowski, Ran, Krestyaninov, Oleg, Kumar, V. Ganesh, Kumar, Prathap, Lamelas, Pablo Manuel, Lee, Seung-Whan, Lefevre, Thierry, Leibundgut, Gregor, Leung, Raymond, Leung, Sum-Kin, Li, Yu, Li, Yue, Lim, Soo-Teik, Lo, Sidney, Lombardi, William, Maran, Anbukarasi, McEntegart, Margaret, Moses, Jeffrey, Munawar, Muhammad, Nagamatsu, Wataru, Navarro, Andres, Ngo, Hung M., Nicholson, William, Oksnes, Anja, Olivecrona, Goran K., Padilla, Lucio, Patel, Mitul, Pershad, Ashish, Postu, Marin, Pyxaras, Stylianos, Qian, Jie, Quadros, Alexandre, Hanna Quesada, Franklin Leonardo, Råmunddal, Truls, Rao, Vithala Suryaprakasa, Rathore, Sudhir, Reifart, Nicolaus, Riley, Robert F., Rinfret, Stephane, Saghatelyan, Meruzhan, Santiago, Ricardo, Seth, Ashok, Sianos, Georgios, Smith, Elliot, Spaedy, Anthony, Spratt, James, Stone, Gregg W., Strange, Julian W., Tammam, Khalid O., Thompson, Craig A., Toma, Aurel, Tremmel, Jennifer A., Ungi, Imre, Vadalà, Giuseppe, Vo, Minh, Vu, Vu Hoang, Walsh, Simon, Weilenmann, Daniel, Werner, Gerald S., Wojcik, Jaroslaw, Wollmuth, Jason, Wu, Chiung-Jen, Xu, Bo, Yamane, Masahisa, Ybarra, Luiz F., Yeh, Robert W., Zambakides, Chris, Zhang, Qi, Wu, Eugene B., Kalyanasundaram, Arun, Brilakis, Emmanouil S., Mashayekhi, Kambis, and Tsuchikane, Etsuo
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Effect of Vicia villosa protein isolate-based edible coating incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles on the shelf-life of chicken breast meat during cold storage

Author: Javan, Ashkan Jebeli, Baktash, Sahar, Yancheshmeh, Behdad Shokrolahi, Parsaeimehr, Mahnoosh, Madanchi, Hamid, Abdolshahi, Anna, Marvdashti, Leila Monjazeb, and Shriatifar, Nabi
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Innate and adaptive immune cell interaction drives inflammasome activation and hepatocyte apoptosis in murine liver injury from immune checkpoint inhibitors

Author: Shojaie, Layla, Bogdanov, Jacob M., Alavifard, Helia, Mohamed, Mahmoud G., Baktash, Aria, Ali, Myra, Mahov, Simeon, Murray, Sue, Kanel, Gary C., Liu, Zhang-Xu, Ito, Fumito, In, Gino K., Merchant, Akil, Stohl, William, and Dara, Lily
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. The role of ion migration, octahedral tilt, and the A-site cation on the instability of Cs1-xFAxPbI3

Author: Li, Weilun, Hao, Mengmeng, Baktash, Ardeshir, Wang, Lianzhou, and Etheridge, Joanne
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. XENERA-1: a randomised double-blind Phase II trial of xentuzumab in combination with everolimus and exemestane versus everolimus and exemestane in patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer and non-visceral disease

Author: Schmid, Peter, Cortes, Javier, Joaquim, Ana, Jañez, Noelia Martínez, Morales, Serafín, Díaz-Redondo, Tamara, Blau, Sibel, Neven, Patrick, Lemieux, Julie, García-Sáenz, José Ángel, Hart, Lowell, Biyukov, Tsvetan, Baktash, Navid, Massey, Dan, Burris, III, Howard A., and Rugo, Hope S.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. An Oscillator with Inductively Coupled Resonators for Readout of Stretchable Resistive Strain Sensor.

Author: Billy Mårtensson, Hinata Mitomo, Baktash Behmanesh, Naoji Matsuhisa, and Hiroki Ishikuro
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Broadband RF Front-End Featuring a Reconfigurable Q-Enhanced Filter for Upper Mid-Band 6G Receivers.

Author: Iman Ghotbi, Baktash Behmanesh, and Markus Törmänen
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

2,113 results on '"Baktash, A."'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources