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The impacts of industry 4.0 have been reflected in education around the world as countries compete to formulate educational policies based on innovation and digitization in order to adapt to the IR 4.0. In this regard, a new approach to technical education 4.0 has been formulated. It seeks to integrate technical education with the technology developments that define the Industrial Revolution 4.0, emphasizing the importance of this alignment in promoting sustainable economic growth and fostering inclusive development. The paper highlights the strategies and techniques implemented in the design of technical education 4.0 school buildings, arriving at legislative and design recommendations for creating school buildings that are compatible with sustainable education, meet the needs of industry 4.0 building practices, and are supported by modern technologies. By using an integrated approach in terms of new design needs and new education needs that adapt to modern pandemics and prevent any diseases in the future, this research aims to present a new model for technical education 4.0 in the pandemic era in line with the sustainable development goals in the Education Strategy 2030. This study discusses the problems existing in the current situation of technical education schools in Egypt and comes up with a new model that is compatible with new design and educational needs. It is structured using new design strategies for technical education 4.0 schools based on design patterns for 21st century schools that meet industry 4.0 needs and address the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Objective: Posterior left atrial wall isolation (PWI) plus traditional pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been proposed as a promising intervention to decrease atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of adding PWI to the traditional PVI in patients with AF. Methods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted using synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) retrieved by systematically searching PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane through June 14, 2023. We used Stata version 17 to pool dichotomous data using risk ratio (RR) and continuous data using mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023446227). Results: We included 11 RCTs with a total number of 1534 patients. Combined ablation with PWI + PVI was not associated with any significant difference over PVI only regarding the recurrence of clinical AF (RR: 0.86 with 95% CI [0.70–1.06]), all atrial arrhythmia (RR: 0.93 with 95% CI [0.82–1.07]), nonatrial fibrillation arrhythmia (RR: 1.22 with 95% CI [0.97–1.53]), early AF (RR: 0.89 with 95% CI [0.62–1.27]), and antiarrhythmic drugs at discharge (RR: 0.83 with 95% CI [0.67–1.04]). However, it was associated with increased total ablation duration (minutes) (MD: 12.58 with 95% CI [6.80–18.37]) and total procedure duration (minutes) (MD: 16.77 with 95% CI [9.63–23.91]), without any significant difference regarding adverse events (RR: 1.05 with 95% CI [0.63–1.74]). Conclusion: While the pooled data from PWI + PVI using point‐by‐point radiofrequency did not suggest a benefit in the recurrence of various atrial arrhythmias compared to PVI alone, PWI+PVI using direct posterior wall ablation, especially with cryoballoon, demonstrated a significant reduction in recurrence of AF/atrial arrhythmias. Also, PWI + PVI significantly increased the ablation and total procedure durations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a condition that occurs frequently among surgical, as well as acutely ill hospitalized medical patients, and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Risk factors include older age, surgery and immobilization (as with bed rest, orthopedic casts, and sitting on long flights. Objective: This study was conducted to identify the frequency and factors associated with occurrence of DVT among elderly patients referred to King Abdulaziz University (KAU) Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The current study is a hospital based cross sectional study. The emergency, inpatients and outpatients’ departments at KAU hospital were reviewed. We studied all the referred elderly subjects during the study period. All elderly patients (540) referred to or admitted to the hospital departments and who were clinically suspected to have DVT and subjected to Doppler examination were included in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test. Results: Based on the results of Doppler examination, DVT was detected in 97 (18.0%) of the studied elderly population. There were no significant differences in gender between patients who developed DVT and those who were negative by Doppler examination (p=0.018). Other comorbidities as diabetes, IHD and hypertension were significantly associated with the occurrence of DVT among the participants (p=0.05, 0.05 and 0.04 respectively). Furthermore, the other investigated factors such as being bed ridden, cancer, orthopedic cast and previous DVT were not significantly associated with the development of DVT among the studied elderly patients (p=0.42, 0.16, 0.45 and 0.75 respectively). Conclusion: DVT has high prevalence in Jeddah; KSA. Thrombophilia screening should be regular for elderly patients with diabetes, hypertension and bed-ridden patients with recurrent DVT or patients with other risk factors. Knowing the most common risk factors and their significance in developing DVT is essential for early detection of DVT to prevent unwanted complications for elderlies. more...

Background: Peptic ulcer disease is a multifactorial health problem, and its prevalence and risk factors have changed considerably within the past century. Objective: To determine the prevalence of peptic ulcer among the population of Arar city and to identify risk factors for peptic ulcer and to estimate their relative impact on ulcer incidence. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on the population of Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia from November 01, 2016 to April 30, 2017. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistics, prevalence, and Chi-square test. Results: Total prevalence of peptic ulcer among the studied respondents was thus: 21.9% had peptic ulcer; 16.2% gastric ulcer and 5.6% duodenal ulcer. In 19.7% of the cases, the pain was severe, 92.4% reported that pain was precipitated by certain food. In addition to heartburn, 78.8% reported loss of appetite, 71.2% indigestion, 66.7% regurgitation, 59.1% nausea and vomiting and 42.4% with chest pain. Regarding the risk factors, coffee drinking came in first place (81.8%) followed by physical stress in 77.3%, spicy food in 57.6%, prolonged use of Non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in 33.3% and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in 24.2%. A further 22.7% reported melena as a complication while only 10.6% reported hematemesis. Conclusion: This is the first population-based study in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia reporting point prevalence of peptic ulcer disease. The rate of 16.2% for gastric ulcer and 5.6% for duodenal ulcers are substantially high. Coffee drinking, physical stress, spicy food, prolonged use of NSAID and H. pylori infection were the reported risk factors. Population-based endoscopic studies are recommended. more...