Search

The tin electrodeposition in an acidic sulphate solution is reported. Electrochemical techniques (chronoamperometry, cyclic and linear voltammetry) are used to find out some kinetic parameters that govern the tin electrodeposition process while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to explore the morphology of the coating. The influence on the tin electrodeposition of certain experimental parameters such as tin ion concentration, potential scan rate and deposition current density are described. Sharifker-Hills and Palomar Pardavé models are used to investigate the nucleation process of tin. It is found that the tin and proton reductions occur simultaneously. Dimensionless current-time transient related only to the tin reduction reaction fits well the theoretical transient for instantaneous mechanism nucleation. The diffusion coefficient has been determined by various electrochemical techniques and is found to be between 6.24×10-6 and 7.4×10-6 cm²s-1. i0 the exchange current density value is 0.0023 A/cm2 and the charge transfer coefficient ac is approximately 0.5. It is also noted that the deposition current density affects the morphology of the deposited tin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have seen a remarkable integration of leading-edge technologies, such as cloud-computing and mobile agent technology, with the traditional information system. This integration improves the employee performance and facilitates authorized access to information and data at anytime and anywhere through familiar environments such as Android-enabled mobile devices, for example giving orders in real time to employees equipped with smart mobile terminals can raise working efficiency. This paper presents a new distributed, autonomous and intelligent architecture based on multi-agent systems (MAS) allowing authorized ubiquitous access to company information system and synchronizing data between mobile device (MD) and Information System (IS), in real time and without human intervention. The proposed architecture was validated by the implementation of an intelligent data synchronization platform able to manage efficiently the work orders (WO) of a company of management and distribution of water and electricity. The platform ensures the WO exchange in real time between the IS of the company IS and MD of field operators. This feature draws upon on Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) mechanism that allows for more efficient power management leading to increased battery life. This platform can also display a map that can assist field operators in finding the shortest route to the location that will be addressed through the Google Maps APIs. The user and WO position are determined using android location based services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral cancer is the sixteenth most common malignant neoplasm worldwide, with a high mortality rate, greater than 50% at five years, and high morbidity. The effect of oncological treatment in the oral cavity is broad and has multiple levels, therefore knowing these effects and preventing them is essential for avoiding an increase in the oral pathology related with oncological therapy, maintaining the quality of life of the patient, and improving the efficacy of the treatment itself., Material and Methods: A group of experts belonging to the fields of Dentistry, Maxillofacial Surgery and Oncology of the University of Seville and the Virgen del Rocío University Hospital of Seville in collaboration with the University of Valencia, University of Barcelona, and University of the Basque Country, developed this Clinical Practice Guideline for the proper clinical management of patients diagnosed with oral cancer. The clinical questions were formulated in PICO format. The databases consulted were Medline/PubMed and Embase/Elsevier. The systematic reviews published on the topic were identified on Tripdatabase, Cochrane Library and CRD (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination). The recommendations were prepared based on the GRADE methodology., Results: Various recommendations were defined, derived from the 21 PICO questions, referring to prevention, treatment and care for alterations arising from the pathology of oral cancer itself and its treatment., Conclusions: The preparation of this clinical practice guideline allows recommendations to be generated based on the scientific evidence available, on dentistry actions in patients with oral cancer and undergoing oncological treatment, which may be of use to the multidisciplinary team treating this type of patient.

(1) Background: Given the existing controversy regarding the use of antibiotics in the treatment of peri-implantitis, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to ascertain how beneficial the role of systemic and local antibiotics is in peri-implant surgical therapy, considering the harmful effects that they represent and the abuse of antibiotics in terms of global health. (2) Methods: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of the administration of antibiotics in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis in terms of probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BoP), electronic and manual bibliographic searches were carried out in the Embase and PubMed databases, collecting data that related to before and after treatment. (3) Results: The adjunctive use of local antibiotics provides significant improvements in PPD (MD = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.56 to 2.02; p ≤ 0.0006; I 2 = 0%) when compared with surgical treatment alone. No significant differences were found in the other subgroup; that is, the use of systemic antibiotics did not significantly improve PPD changes in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis (MD = 0.40; 95% CI: -0.15 to 0.95; p = 0.15; I 2 = 0). (4) Conclusions: The use of local antibiotics in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis seems to offer treatment improvements in terms of PPD and BoP, unlike that observed with the use of systemic antibiotics. However, these results should be taken with caution as they also depend on the type of surgical technique used, whether regenerative or resective. More research is needed on this topic to understand the role of local and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of peri-implantitis.

Objectives: To present a case of uterine necrosis following hemostatic suturing to control postpartum bleeding, and to review the literature in order to identify the suture techniques employed, clinical findings, diagnostics and treatment in the clinical cases described., Material and Methods: A 34-year-old woman presenting with abdominal pain eight days after cesarean delivery due to placenta previa who required B-Lynch compression suture due to uterine atony, and who was diagnosed with uterine necrosis. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with a satisfactory recovery. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline vía Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science databases. The search included case series and reports, and cohorts of women with uterine necrosis following the use of uterine compression sutures for postpartum bleeding. The analysis included sociodemographic and clinical variables at the time of diagnosis, suturing technique, diagnostic tests and treatment., Results: Overall, 23 studies with 24 patients were included. Of all necrosis cases, 83% occurred following cesarean section. B-Lynch was the suturing technique most frequently used (66 %), followed by the Cho suture (25 %). The most frequent symptoms were fever and abdominal pain. The most commonly used diagnostic test was computed tomography (9/24 cases). Hysterectomy was performed in the majority of cases (75 %)., Conclusions: Although rare, uterine wall necrosis is a serious complication. It would be advisable to design follow-up cohort studies of women undergoing these procedures in order to determine the incidence of associated complications.

Introduction: Preserving peri-implant tissues after immediate implant placement (IIP), especially in aesthetic zones, is a topic of interest., Objectives: This systematic review investigated the effects of currently available surgical procedures for preserving peri-implant tissue or ensuring dimensional stability following immediate implant placement., Materials and Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement's guidelines were followed, and articles were sought on the PubMed and Cochrane databases with no date restrictions. Only randomised clinical trials that evaluated changes in soft and hard tissues around immediately placed implants were included. Statistical analyses were performed, and the studies´ quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The agreement between reviewers was assessed based on Cohen's kappa statistics., Results: Of the 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria, 11 were analysed in the meta-analysis (kappa = 0.814; almost perfect agreement). The use of connective tissue grafts resulted in a significantly greater improvement of the facial gingival level (MD = -0.51; 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.31; p = < .001), and the placement of bone grafts significantly reduced the horizontal resorption of the buccal bone (MD = -0.59; 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.39; p < .001)., Conclusion: Connective tissue grafts and bone grafts positively influence tissue preservation around immediately placed implants. Neither the flapless technique nor palatal implant positioning resulted in significant improvements to any of the investigated parameters. Additional longitudinal studies are required., Clinical Relevance: This meta-analysis is useful for discerning the effects of soft tissue augmentation, bone grafting, the flapless technique, and palatal implant positioning on preserving peri-implant tissues after immediate implant placement.

Background & Aims: Cancer survival rates have increased significantly creating more awareness for comorbidities affecting the Quality of Life. Chemotherapy may induce serious metabolic alterations. These complications can create an energy imbalance, worsening prognosis. The effect of chemotherapy on energy metabolism remains largely unknown. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the impact of chemotherapy on energy metabolism, creating more insight in a patients' energy requirements., Methods: We identified relevant studies up to May 2nd, 2019 using PubMed and Web of Science. Studies including all types of cancer and stages were selected. Only patients that underwent chemotherapy whether or not followed by surgery or radiotherapy were selected. Maximum follow-up was set at 6 months. Resting energy expenditure (REE), measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) or predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation (HB Eq ), was our primary outcome. Results regarding body composition were considered as secondary outcome parameter., Results: 16 studies were selected, including 267 patients. Overall, a significant decrease in REE [-1.5% to -24.91%] 1-month post-chemotherapy was reported. Two studies on breast cancer conducted a 3 and 6-month follow-up and found an increase in REE of 4.01% and 5.72% (p < .05), revealing a U-shaped curve in the expression of REE. Changes are accompanied by (non)significant variations in body composition (Fatmass (FM) and Fatfree Mass (FFM)). HB Eq tends to underestimate REE by 4.03%-27.1%., Conclusion: Alterations in REE, accompanied by changes in body composition, are found during and after chemotherapy in all cancer types and stages, revealing a U-shaped curve. Changes in FFM are suggested to induce variations in REE concomitant to catabolic effects of the disease and administered drug. HB Eq tends to underestimate REE, stressing the need for adequate assessment to meet patients' energy requirements and support dietary needs., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.)

Although cancer survivorship has improved over the last decades, numbers of cancer incidence and prevalence are rising. Evidence is growing that lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, a healthy weight management and -diet, play an important role in first- and second line preventive strategies. When implementing a healthy lifestyle, the maintenance of the energy balance should be taken into account. The energy equilibrium is achieved when the energy intake (Ei) for one day is equal to the total daily energy expenditure (TEE). The latter is, among others, made up of the resting energy expenditure, its largest contributor (60-80% of TEE), and can be assessed by indirect calorimetry (i.e. the gold standard). The resting energy expenditure reflects the individual's minimal caloric need in 24h to support basal functions. In cancer patients, energy imbalances, expressed as a positive (Ei > TEE) or negative (Ei & TEE) energy balance, may occur and are characterised by weight gain or -loss respectively. As a corollary, shifts in fatmass and fatfree mass are reported. Adequate nutritional follow-up is necessary in order to meet the energy needs, since both positive and negative energy balances are known to have deteriorating effects on cancer prognosis and mortality. In the clinical setting, predictive formulas (e.g. Harris-Benedict equation) are often used to estimate the caloric need. However, both under- and overfeeding are reported when using equations. Therefore, we advise to use indirect calorimetry in the standard assessment of a patient's energy need in order to provide adequate metabolic coaching and -follow up.

This study was intended to document normal ultrasonographic appearance of the equine shoulder and anatomic landmarks useful in clinical imaging. Both forelimbs of five equine cadavers and both forelimbs of six live adult horses were used. To facilitate understanding of the images, a zoning system assigned to the biceps brachii and to the infraspinatus tendon was developed. Ultrasonography was performed with a real-time B-mode semiportable sector scanner using 7.5- and 5-MHz transducers. On one cadaver limb, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed using a system at 1.5 Tesla, T1-weighted spin-echo sequence. Ultrasonography images were compared to frozen specimens and MRI images to correlate the ultrasonographic findings to the gross anatomy of the shoulder. Ultrasonography allowed easy evaluation of the biceps brachii and the infraspinatus tendon and their bursae, the supraspinatus muscle and tendons, the superficial muscles of the shoulder, and the underlying humerus and scapula. Only the lateral and, partially, the caudal aspects of the humeral head could be visualized with ultrasound. Ultrasonographic appearance, orientation, and anatomic relationships of these structures are described. Ultrasonographic findings correlated well with MRI images and with gross anatomy in the cadavers' limbs.