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Plant extract-mediated fabrication of metal nanocomposites is used in cell proliferation inhibition and topical wound treatment, demonstrating significant effectiveness. Salvia hispanica L. (chia) seed extract (CE) is used as the reaction medium for the green fabrication of ecofriendly ZnO[sub (CE)] nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag/Ag2O(CE) and ZnO/Ag/Ag2O(CE) nanocomposites. The resultant nanoparticles and nanocomposite materials were characterized using UV-visible, Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. In the context of antioxidant studies, ZnO/Ag/Ag2O(CE) exhibited 57% reducing power and 86% 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. All three materials showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E.coli), and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) bacterial strains. Additionally, ZnO[sub (CE)], Ag/Ag2O[sub (CE)], and ZnO/Ag/Ag2O[sub (CE)] also revealed 64.47%, 42.56%, and 75.27% in vitro Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) cancer cell line inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Selectively, the most effective composite material, ZnO/Ag/Ag2O(CE), was used to evaluate in vivo wound healing potential in rat models. The study revealed 96% wound closure in 10 days, which was quite rapid healing compared to wound healing using clinically available ointment. Therefore, in conclusion, the ZnO/Ag/Ag2O(CE) nanocomposite material could be considered for further testing and formulation as a good anticancer and wound healing agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excessive use of pesticides has led to the harmful contamination of water reservoirs. Visible-light-driven photocatalysis is one of the suitable methods for the removal of pesticides from water. Herein, the development of CBO (Co3O4-Bi2O3) as a heterogeneous catalyst for the visible light-assisted degradation of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides is reported. After synthesis via coprecipitation using cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as precursor materials, the prepared CBO was characterized using advanced techniques including XRD, EDS, TEM, SEM, FTIR, and surface area and pore size analysis. Then, it was employed as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides under visible light irradiation. The complete removal of Fipronil and Acetochlor pesticides was observed over CBO photocatalyst using 50 mL (100 mg/L) of each pesticide separately within 120 min of reaction. The reaction kinetics was investigated using a non-linear method of analysis using the Solver add-in. The prepared CBO exhibited a 2.8-fold and 2-fold catalytic performance in the photodegradation of selected pesticides than Co3O4 and Bi2O3 did, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudomonas spp. causes significant losses in aquaculture, consecutive use of antibiotics, and reveals bacterial resistance; therefore, therapeutic bacteriophages, commonly called phages, are a promising potential alternative to antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections of a wide range of organisms, including cultured fish. The novelty of current work is represented in examining the lytic activity of four phages and their combination compared to the antibiotic streptomycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) while measuring the hematological and blood biochemical parameters as a response for phage therapy. This study evaluated the in vitro killing curve for each phage using a growth curve that measured the OD600 after a single phage suspension was combined with the host P. aeruginosa, considered the best multiplicity of infection (MOI) for each phage. A144 healthy fish were acclimatized in the laboratory and divided into six groups: control, P. aeruginosa-infected fish, streptomycin, phage Ps1, Ps2, both (Ps1 and Ps2), were added to the T3, T4, T5, and T6 groups, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that P. aeruginosa infection caused surface body hemorrhages, tail and fin rot, irritated skin, superficial ulcers, and 100% mortality through 14 days. P. aeruginosa caused a reduction in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), platelet number (PLt), and platelet crit (PCT) count, protein, albumin, and A/G ratio; however, an increase in hematocrit (Hct), red cell distribution width (RDW), PDW, MPV compared to other groups after three days of infection and the effects increased after 12 days post-infection. The fish vaccinated with P1 (T4) and P1+P2 (T6) showed enhanced levels of Hb, RBCs, PLt, PCt, protein, albumin and decreased levels of RDW, PDW, MPV, and liver and kidney enzymes with enhanced contents more than streptomycin and closer to the control group. The biochemical markers recorded significant changes indicating liver and kidney impairments due to the infection with P. aeruginosa. It can be concluded that P1 and P1+P2 combinations could be used as therapy in Pseudomonas-infected fish to enhance their blood parameters and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fast growth of electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems necessitates using innovative, high‐performance electrode materials. Among the various EES devices, rechargeable batteries (RBs) with potential features like high energy density and extensive lifetime are well suited to meet rapidly increasing energy demands. Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), typical two dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, are considered auspicious materials for RBs because of their layered structures and large specific surface areas (SSA) that benefit quick ion transportation. This review summarizes and highlights recent advances in TMDs with improved performance for various RBs. Through novel engineering and functionalization used for high‐performance RBs, we briefly discuss the properties, characterizations, and electrochemistry phenomena of TMDs. We summarised that engineering with multiple techniques, like nanocomposites used for TMDs receives special attention. In conclusion, the recent issues and promising upcoming research openings for developing TMDs‐based electrodes for RBs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]