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According to the researchers, the aim of this study is to determine the impact of the flipped learning approach on fifth-year students' understanding of reading content during their last year of preparatory education. To confirm the results of the study, the null hypothesis was developed, which claims that the experimental group's mean scores are not statistically significant when compared to the control group's mean scores when using the flipped learning strategy. To test the effectiveness of flipped learning, an experimental approach was used to create two equivalent experimental groups with a control group. One group learned by the flipped learning strategy and the other used the regular method for the second course (2019-2020) over eight weeks, with three classes each week. According to the findings, there are significant differences between experimental and control group means of reading comprehension and experimental group favor. The divergence in these parameters is a result of the experimental group using the Flipped Learning Strategy in their lessons.

The present study aims at exploring whether Iraqi university professors utilize code switching or not, finding out the most common reason and the least one for utilizing code switching, and showing whether there are any difference between professors of linguistics and those of literature in terms of their use of CS. To achieve the aims of the study, the researchers utilize two instruments of data collection: checklist and observation. The checklist consists of eleven reasons of using code switching introduced by Gulzar (2010) showing where do professors code switch. The study also analyzes the observations that have shown that the participants of both universities employed code switching during teaching. The aim of code switching is transferring the materials in an understandable and effective way. Qualitative and quantitive research design methodology is used to achieve the aim of the present study.

isa(aaid laca escu isid cac tirC) job is to illustrate the idea that using language is deeply connected with social structure.”The researchers have selected various linguistic structures not only in describing certain phenomena, but in serving their exclusive social functions. The primary objective of the study is to introduce different ways and techniques media used to manipulate the truth.“Another goal of the study is to examine the social function of language as a powerful instrument in social practice.” The focus of the study would be on these hypotheses: 1- The way Beirut harbor explosion is represented in Western and Arab media is completely different from each other and they use different CDA techniques. 2- Muslim-Western media try to utilize different techniques to represent anti picture. 3- The Western media tries to manipulate the truth in representing the Beirut harbor explosion and it is based on their ideologies. “The study is based on M.A.K. Halliday’s (1994) functional grammar,” Van Dijk’s (1998), and Van Leeuween’s (1996) framework. Western and Arabic News reports on Beirut harbor explosion are the concerns of the analysis in this study. BBC, CNN, Al-Jazeera and GULF are selected for this study. Through the investigation of transitivity and lexicalization of different linguistic forms that is applied in news articles from various news agencies, the researchers showed that most of Arab media blame Israel for the explosion. American and European people are the most frequently included and quoted actors across selected newspapers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategic Maneuvering is subsumed under the pragmatic field. It has been found the critical discussion and developed by Eemeren and Houtlosser. The problem statement for this study is how to look into the Topical Potential of Strategic Manoeuvring in a selected novel. The goal of this research is to identify the different types of strategic maneuvering that appear in the text, as well as to investigate the most common type of strategic maneuvering. This study also traces the most common types of Topical potential frequently employed in the selected This research also highlights the presentational device(s) most frequently employed within the information under investigation. The research leads to several conclusions; throughout the novel, assertive speaking act with topical potential is used repeatedly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is little background available about Cyber Blackmail as a crime conducted in the space of the internet, especially for the linguistic techniques and strategies used by cyber blackmailers to convince their victims to comply with their demands. At preliminary thought, blackmailing emails might be thought of constructed out of impoliteness strategies. Yet, this is not always the case. Concerning linguistic theories, it is believed that pragmatics seems very important for revealing the way cyber blackmailers commit crimes. Hence, employing relevant pragmatic strategies might help analyze their messages and consequently the way they commit their crimes. The current study attempts to remedy the lack of attention to cyber blackmail. No study, to the researcher's best knowledge, is conducted in examining the linguistic devices of cyber blackmail, though most of the attention is placed on the legal as well as the technological methods. This study aims at investigating the types of cyber blackmail, identifying blackmailers' pragmatic strategies, and determining whether blackmailers tend to be polite or impolite in addressing their victims. It is hypothesized that most of the cases studied are of webcam (sextortion) blackmail and that cyber blackmailers employ politeness and impoliteness strategies, in which blackmailers rely on politeness strategies in addressing their victims. To achieve the study's aim and examine the hypotheses' validity, the researcher reviewed the literature of cyber blackmail, collected the study's data, i.e., emails, and developed an eclectic model to conduct the study. The study concluded that blackmailers utilize (im)politeness strategies heavily to convince and gain victims' compliance, where blackmailers employ politeness strategies more than impoliteness ones in introducing face-threatening acts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategic maneuvering is subsumed under the pragmatic field. It has been found the critical discussion and developed by Eemeren and Houtlosser. The statement of the problem shows whether audience demand is frequently kept to or violated in the data under scrutiny. This research also highlights the presentational device(s) most frequently employed within the information under investigation. The study leads to many conclusions. Firstly, Audience demand is frequently kept in the text. Presentational devices aren't used frequently in the text in all stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]