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1. An empirical model for predicting insects' diapause termination and phenology: An application to Cydia pomonella.

Author

Sperandio, Giorgio, Pasquali, Sara, Pradolesi, Gianfranco, Baiocco, Serena, Cavina, Federico, and Gilioli, Gianni

Subjects
INSECT phenology, INTEGRATED pest control, INSECT populations, INSECT pests, DIAPAUSE, CODLING moth
Abstract

Diapause is a vital survival strategy for insects, enabling them to conserve energy and endure adverse conditions. Understanding how diapause affects insect phenology and population dynamics is crucial for the effective management of insect pests. Predictive pest phenological models can be invaluable tools for providing essential information to support management strategies. This study presents a modelling framework to incorporate diapause into phenological models when biological information on variables regulating and functions describing diapause induction and termination are lacking or limited. In our framework, insect phenology is divided into a set of phases characterized by specific events (diapause induction and termination) and processes (development of diapausing and post‐diapausing biological stages). The phenology is simulated by a stage‐structured model based on the Kolmogorov equation, and the temperature‐dependent development rate functions are described by the Brière functional form. Our modelling framework was tested on a case study involving the prediction of the phenology of the codling moth, (Cydia pomonella L. 1758). Model calibration and validation were performed using four time‐series adult trap catch data collected in the Emilia Romagna Region from 2021 to 2023. The calibration procedure allowed obtaining realistic parameters related to the temperature threshold triggering diapause termination and the development rate function of post‐diapausing larvae and pupae. Model validation proved successful in simulating both the initial emergence and the overall phenological patterns of adults across the three observed generations. The methodological framework proposed here aims to facilitate the introduction of diapause in phenological models improving also their predictive abilities. The model may serve as an accurate and knowledge‐based tool for planning and implementing pest monitoring and control actions based on the realistic predictions provided by the model on the phenological status of the pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. A New Source of Inoculum for Stemphylium vesicarium : Consequences for the Management of Brown Spot of Pear.

Author

Cavina, Federico, Baiocco, Serena, Tomba, Lorenzo, Ravaglia, Fabio, Moretti, Christian, Raso, Rosario, Rettore, Valentino Giorgio, Parrilli, Martina, Pradolesi, Gianfranco, and Bugiani, Riccardo

Subjects
*PEARS, *PRODUCTION losses, *PEST control, *ORCHARD grass, *MYCOSES, *PRUNING
Abstract

Brown spot of pear (BSP), caused by Stemphylium vesicarium, is one of the most dangerous pear fungal diseases, being responsible for huge losses in production. Currently, in order to increase its containment, chemical control is implemented in conjunction with agronomic techniques able to reduce BSP inoculum sources (e.g., orchard grass sanitation, litter removal or application of biocontrol agents). Regardless, despite the introduction of agronomic practices, the complete control of the disease is still rarely possible, which suggests that other sources of S. vesicarium inoculum that are currently neglected may be involved. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible wintering forms of Pleospora allii/S. vesicarium on pear wood and whether any spore-forming productions (conidial or ascosporic) might infect the green tissues of the plant in the following spring. Symptomatic fragments of woody tissue from a commercial pear orchard (in Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy) with a high BSP pressure (~40% incidence) were analysed. The results prove that pseudothecia and the maturation of ascospores of P. allii also develop on one-year-old branch cankers of pear trees, thus representing an additional source of inoculum. In conclusion, the pruning of affected branches and removal of relative residues should be preventatively performed in order to improve BSP management and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Analysis and measurement of tumour heterogeneity through multi-modality imaging

Author

Baiocco, Serena and Bevilacqua, Alessandro

Subjects
ING-INF/06 Bioingegneria elettronica e informatica
Abstract

Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The need for more effective functional biomarkers as well as the awareness of the complexity of tumour biology, which reflects the tissue heterogeneity, have prompted the use of imaging modalities able to detect its biological aspects. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced-Computed Tomography (DCE-CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have shown promising results. However, there is still need for proper reliability analyses and development of more quantitative approaches, involving the evaluation of tumour heterogeneity. Part I presents topics and issues regarding the image-based biomarkers used till now, as well as the methodological contributions introduced; Part II is dedicated to the applications of the methodological approaches devised. A reliability analysis of the perfusion maps from DCE-CT has been performed. Downstream of this analysis, the ability of perfusion parameters to improve characterization of lung cancer subtypes has been investigated. Then, an automatic methodological approach has been developed to classify spatio-temporal heterogeneity of lung tumours, as visually performed by radiologists. A novel local-based method has been developed to evaluate the intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The ability of the features extracted to act as a prognostic image-based biomarker has been early assessed. To face the issue of the high variability characterising PET data, a robust approach was introduced to represent a high-uptake activity. To this purpose, a method to perform a 3D PET segmentation has been developed. Then, a multi-modal analysis of the intra-tumoural heterogeneity has been performed in the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) cancer. GOJ heterogeneity has been analysed on FDG-PET/CT and FDG-PET/MRI series. Texture features have a better performance in prognosis compared to the commonly used parameters PET- and MRI-derived. Finally, an algorithm to detect sub-regions in tumour volume has been developed to combine multi-modal information. To this purpose, a 3D registration algorithm was implemented., Il cancro è tra le principali cause di morte al mondo. La necessità di biomarker efficaci e la consapevolezza dell'estrema complessità biologica dei tumori, che si riflette nella loro eterogeneità, hanno spinto per l'utilizzo di tecniche di imaging in grado di rilevarne gli aspetti biologici peculiari. La Tomografia Computerizzata perfusionale (TCp), la Risonanza Magnetica (RM) e la Tomografia ad Emissione di Positroni (PET) hanno mostrato risultati promettenti, tuttavia ostacolati dalla quasi assenza di approcci orientati ad un'analisi quantitativa dei biomarker e di opportune analisi dell'affidabilità dei dati. La prima parte della Tesi presenta argomenti e problematiche relativi ai biomarker finora utilizzati, e i contributi metodologici introdotti; la seconda parte della Tesi è dedicata alle applicazioni dei metodi sviluppati. È stata effettuata un'analisi dell'affidabilità dei valori perfusionali. A valle di questa, è stata indagata l'abilità dei parametri perfusionali a migliorare la caratterizzazione di due istotipi di carcinoma polmonare. È stato sviluppato un metodo automatico per classificare l'eterogeneità spazio-temporale, così come effettuato visivamente dai radiologi. È stato sviluppato un metodo basato sull'analisi locale per misurare l'eterogeneità tumorale ed il valore prognostico delle feature è stato preliminarmente valutato. Per fronteggiare l'elevata variabilità dei dati PET, è stato introdotto un metodo robusto in grado di dare una misura dell'elevata captazione di un tessuto. È stato sviluppato, quindi, un metodo per la segmentazione 3D da immagini PET. È stata eseguita un'analisi multi-modale dell'eterogeneità su tumori gastro-esofagei. L'eterogeneità di questi tumori è stata analizzata su immagini acquisite con PET/TC e PET/RM. Le texture feature derivate hanno mostrato una migliore efficacia nella valutazione della prognosi, rispetto a quella ottenuta con i parametri comunemente utilizzati. Infine, è stato sviluppato un algoritmo per il rilevamento delle regioni interne ai volumi tumorali, al fine di combinare informazioni multi-modali, ed è stato conseguentemente implementato un algoritmo di registrazione 3D.

Published
2019

11. Analysis and measurement of tumour heterogeneity through multi-modality imaging

Author

Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Baiocco, Serena <1989>, Bevilacqua, Alessandro, and Baiocco, Serena <1989>

Abstract

Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The need for more effective functional biomarkers as well as the awareness of the complexity of tumour biology, which reflects the tissue heterogeneity, have prompted the use of imaging modalities able to detect its biological aspects. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced-Computed Tomography (DCE-CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have shown promising results. However, there is still need for proper reliability analyses and development of more quantitative approaches, involving the evaluation of tumour heterogeneity. Part I presents topics and issues regarding the image-based biomarkers used till now, as well as the methodological contributions introduced; Part II is dedicated to the applications of the methodological approaches devised. A reliability analysis of the perfusion maps from DCE-CT has been performed. Downstream of this analysis, the ability of perfusion parameters to improve characterization of lung cancer subtypes has been investigated. Then, an automatic methodological approach has been developed to classify spatio-temporal heterogeneity of lung tumours, as visually performed by radiologists. A novel local-based method has been developed to evaluate the intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The ability of the features extracted to act as a prognostic image-based biomarker has been early assessed. To face the issue of the high variability characterising PET data, a robust approach was introduced to represent a high-uptake activity. To this purpose, a method to perform a 3D PET segmentation has been developed. Then, a multi-modal analysis of the intra-tumoural heterogeneity has been performed in the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) cancer. GOJ heterogeneity has been analysed on FDG-PET/CT and FDG-PET/MRI series. Texture features have a better performance in prognosis compared to the commonly used parameters PET- and MRI-derived. Finally, an algorithm to detect sub-regions, Il cancro è tra le principali cause di morte al mondo. La necessità di biomarker efficaci e la consapevolezza dell'estrema complessità biologica dei tumori, che si riflette nella loro eterogeneità, hanno spinto per l'utilizzo di tecniche di imaging in grado di rilevarne gli aspetti biologici peculiari. La Tomografia Computerizzata perfusionale (TCp), la Risonanza Magnetica (RM) e la Tomografia ad Emissione di Positroni (PET) hanno mostrato risultati promettenti, tuttavia ostacolati dalla quasi assenza di approcci orientati ad un'analisi quantitativa dei biomarker e di opportune analisi dell'affidabilità dei dati. La prima parte della Tesi presenta argomenti e problematiche relativi ai biomarker finora utilizzati, e i contributi metodologici introdotti; la seconda parte della Tesi è dedicata alle applicazioni dei metodi sviluppati. È stata effettuata un'analisi dell'affidabilità dei valori perfusionali. A valle di questa, è stata indagata l'abilità dei parametri perfusionali a migliorare la caratterizzazione di due istotipi di carcinoma polmonare. È stato sviluppato un metodo automatico per classificare l'eterogeneità spazio-temporale, così come effettuato visivamente dai radiologi. È stato sviluppato un metodo basato sull'analisi locale per misurare l'eterogeneità tumorale ed il valore prognostico delle feature è stato preliminarmente valutato. Per fronteggiare l'elevata variabilità dei dati PET, è stato introdotto un metodo robusto in grado di dare una misura dell'elevata captazione di un tessuto. È stato sviluppato, quindi, un metodo per la segmentazione 3D da immagini PET. È stata eseguita un'analisi multi-modale dell'eterogeneità su tumori gastro-esofagei. L'eterogeneità di questi tumori è stata analizzata su immagini acquisite con PET/TC e PET/RM. Le texture feature derivate hanno mostrato una migliore efficacia nella valutazione della prognosi, rispetto a quella ottenuta con i parametri comunemente utilizzati. Infine, è stato sviluppato un algoritmo per il ril

Published
2019

12. L'eterogeneità perfusionale: un biomarker prognostico per il cancro del polmone non a piccole cellule (NSCLC)

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Barone, Domenico, Delmonte, Angelo, Baiocco, S., Bevilacqua, A., Barone, D., Delmonte, A., Gavelli, G., Baiocco, Serena, Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Barone, Domenico, Delmonte, Angelo, and Gavelli, Giampaolo

Subjects
tumore, imaging quantitativo, TC Perfusionale, Eterogeneità, Entropia, Texture Analysis, Uniformità, analisi del segnale, tomografia computerizzata, NSCLC, TC, Marcatori Prognostici, elaborazione di immagini
Abstract

L’introduzione in oncologia di nuove terapie, in particolare quelle a bersaglio molecolare, ha condotto a notevoli progressi terapeutici, determinando miglior controllo del tumore, selettività terapeutica, ridotta tossicità. Tuttavia la prognosi per i pazienti affetti da tumore polmonare non a piccole cellule (NSCLC) in stadio avanzato risulta tuttora molto severa. Sebbene il più importante fattore prognostico sia attualmente costituito dallo stadio del tumore, la sopravvivenza di pazienti affetti da NSCLC e appartenenti allo stesso stadio risulta ampiamente variabile. Per queste ragioni, è necessario identificare marcatori prognostici più efficaci che siano in grado di stabilire quali tumori saranno sensibili o resistenti alle terapie. Questo condurrebbe ad una migliore gestione e stratificazione dei pazienti affetti da NSCLC, con notevoli implicazioni nella scelta dei trattamenti. L’analisi dell’eterogeneità neoplastica nei pazienti NSCLC, caratterizzata attraverso l’analisi strutturale mediante Tomografia Computerizzata (TC), ha mostrato notevoli potenzialità nel predire l’aggressività di un tumore. Anche più promettente è l’analisi dell’eterogeneità funzionale in grado di mettere in luce non solo le anomalie strutturali ma anche le disomogeneità funzionali presenti all’interno di un tumore. Tra le tecniche di imaging funzionale, particolare rilievo sta assumendo la TC perfusionale (TCp), che permette l’identificazione di pattern vascolari anomali, consentendo una valutazione precoce della risposta alle terapie citostatiche. In questo lavoro retrospettivo, valutiamo se alcuni indicatori, calcolabili a partire dalle mappe di valori perfusionali ottenute tramite TCp, possano essere utilizzati come marcatori prognostici. I risultati rilevano una coppia di indicatori in grado di separare pazienti affetti da NSCLC con diversa aspettativa di sopravvivenza. Viene confermata la comune aspettativa che una maggiore eterogeneità correli con una maggiore aggressività, riflettendosi gravemente sulla sopravvivenza dei pazienti. Si può quindi concludere che la misura emodinamica dell’eterogeneità tumorale rappresenti un significativo e oggettivo fattore prognostico, con possibili ricadute cliniche della TCp.

Published
2016

13. SUV95th as a Reliable Alternative to SUVmax for Determining Renal Uptake in [68Ga] PSMA PET/CT.

Author

Baiocco, Serena, Matteucci, Federica, Mezzenga, Emilio, Caroli, Paola, Di Iorio, Valentina, Cittanti, Corrado, Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Paganelli, Giovanni, and Sarnelli, Anna

Subjects
POSITRON emission tomography computed tomography, PROSTATE-specific membrane antigen, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, BIOLOGICAL variation, INTRAVENOUS therapy, COMPUTED tomography
Abstract

Purpose: Widely used in clinical practice, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is a statistical index highly prone to physical and biological variations, which can lead to unpredictable errors. This study has a methodological aim: to identify a more robust SUV-based index representing the tracer accumulation. In particular, the new metric was tested to confirm the potential of mannitol to reduce renal uptake Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen ([68Ga]PSMA).Procedures: To this aim, our previously published work, proving the efficacy of mannitol, was considered as a background study. Renal SUVmax was calculated in nine patients undergoing [68Ga]PSMA positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computed tomography (CT) at baseline (b-PET/CT) and at follow-up after intravenous infusion of 500 ml of 10 % mannitol (m-PET/CT). SUV values of kidney volumes were extracted by a new 3D segmentation method. A new parameter, the median computed on the upper 10% of the SUV distribution (SUV95th), was introduced to better characterize the tracer accumulation. A comparison between SUVmax and SUV95th was also performed. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the statistical significance of the differences in SUV95th between b-PET/CT and m-PET/CT.Results: SUV95th not only confirmed the efficacy of mannitol as demonstrated in the previous study but improved the separability of b-PET/CT and m-PET/CT examinations, overturning SUVmax findings in two cases. The outcomes of the Kruskal-Wallis test computed for each kidney proved that differences between b-PET/CT and m-PET/CT SUV95th values were significant (p value < 0.001).Conclusions: Our findings indicate that SUV95th is a more robust index to assess high uptake level, representing a reliable alternative to SUVmax. Independently from the segmentation method, the superiority of SUV95th and its easy computation could make its clinical impact decisive. The results obtained with SUV95th, more representative of tracer uptake than those with SUVmax suggest, in our opinion, that mannitol infusion could be used to reduce the adsorbed dose to the kidneys during [68Ga]PSMA PET/CT and Lu-177 or Ac-225 therapy. Our future goal will be confirming this effect in a larger cohort of patients, also verifying the role of SUV95th in the evaluation of tumor response to therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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16. Automatic visual-like classification of lung tumour heterogeneity in DCE-CT sequences

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Barone, D., Baiocco, S., Barone, D., Bevilacqua, A., and Gavelli, G.

Subjects
Neoplasia, computed tomography, Contrast agent-intravenous, image processing, Oncology, biomedical imaging, Lung, Oncology, DCE-CT, CT, Cancer, image processing, medical imaging, CT perfusion, Computer applications, Imaging sequences, Lung, CT-Quantitative, image analysi, CT, Cancer, cine mode
Abstract

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: Visual assessment still represents thereference approach for tissue morphological studies. It iswidely exploited in medicine and represents the gold-standard approach for image interpretation, conveying crucial information for diagnosis and...

Published
2017

17. Adenocarcinoma e carcinoma squamocellulare mostrano una diversa perfusione in esami DCE-CT

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Barone, D., Delmonte, A., Baiocco, S., Bevilacqua, A., Barone, D., Delmonte, A., and Gavelli, G.

Subjects
ricerca traslazionale, polmone, TC-4D, analisi del segnale, analisi di immagini, elaborazione di immagini
Abstract

Scopo. Questo studio mira ad esplorare possibili differenze in termini di perfusione dei due istotipi predominanti del cancro del polmone non a piccole cellule (NSCLC). Materiale e metodi. 34 pazienti (età compresa tra i 36 e gli 81 anni) affetti da NSCLC, suddivisi in 28 adenocarcinomi (AC) e 6 carcinomi squamocellulari (SC), sono stati arruolati per questo studio e hanno eseguito una TC perfusionale (TCp) allo stato della diagnosi. I valori di blood flow (BF) sono stati calcolati secondo la cinetica di primo passaggio, rimuovendo automaticamente i valori non affidabili. Per ogni mappa perfusionale sono stati calcolati valore medio e curtosi. La significatività statistica di questi valori è stata misurata tramite Welch's t-test ad una coda (pvalue

Published
2016

18. Texture analysis of blood flow maps in CT perfusion studies of NSCLC: correlation with the overall survival

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, Barone, D., Baiocco, S., Barone, D., Gavelli, G., and Bevilacqua, A.

Subjects
Computer Applications-General, Oncology, Computer applications, Imaging sequences, Multidisciplinary cancer care, Lung, CT-Quantitative, Cancer
Abstract

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. 80-85% of cases are currently classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1]. Prognosis of patients with NSCLC is relatively poor and the most important prognostic factor of...

Published
2016
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19. Improvement of perfusion characterisation in two lung tumour subtypes using de-noised CT perfusion maps

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, Barone, D., S. Baiocco, D. Barone, G. Gavelli, A. Bevilacqua, Baiocco, S., Barone, D., Gavelli, G., and Bevilacqua, A.

Subjects
Computer Applications-General, Oncology, Neoplasia, Computer applications, Imaging sequences, Lung, CT-Quantitative, Cancer
Abstract

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. More than 85% of cases are currently classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [1]. Histologically, the two predominant NSCLC pheno­types are adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous...

Published
2016

20. Automatic method to support radiologists in choosing the most representative slices in CT perfusion of lung cancer

Author

MALAVASI, SILVIA, BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, Barone, D., Malavasi, S., Barone, D., Baiocco, S., Bevilacqua, A., and Gavelli, G.

Subjects
Oncology, Neoplasia, CAD, Computer applications, Decision analysis, Imaging sequences, Lung, CT-Quantitative, Cancer
Abstract

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: During the last decade, thanks to the introduction in the clinical practice of the new anti-angiogenetic therapies, aiming at inhibiting tumour vascularization to prevent their growth, spread, and capability of generating metastasis, cancer...

Published
2016
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21. Visual-like classification of lung tumour heterogeneity in DCE-CT sequences

Author

BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, Barone, D., Baiocco, S., Barone, D., Gavelli, G., and Bevilacqua, A.

Subjects
Image processing, heterogeneity, quantitative imaging, oncology
Abstract

Visual analysis still represents the gold-standard for CT image interpretation, conveying crucial information regarding the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. This work presents the first automatic approach to quantify and classify the lung tumour heterogeneity based on dynamic contrast enhanced-CT (DCE-CT) image sequences, so as it is performed through visual analysis by expert.

Published
2016

22. Effects of treatments on blood flow values in lung squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma assessed with CT perfusion

Author

D. Barone, BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, D. Barone, S. Baiocco, G. Gavelli, and A. Bevilacqua

Subjects
genetic structures, Oncology, CT perfusion, computed tomography, Imaging sequences, Multidisciplinary cancer care, Lung, CT-Quantitative, image analysi, Treatment effects, error analysis, Cancer, image processing
Abstract

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Over the last decade, cancer diagnosis and treatment approaches haveimproved significantly, with the introduction of new therapeutic strategies.Solid tumours are characterised by angiogenesis, a process thatinvolvesthe formation of new vessels from...

Published
2016

23. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma show different perfusion in DCE-CT studies of lung cancer

Author

Barone, D., BAIOCCO, SERENA, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Barone, D., Baiocco, S., Bevilacqua, A., and Gavelli, G.

Subjects
genetic structures, Oncology, Computer applications, Decision analysis, Imaging sequences, Multidisciplinary cancer care, Lung, CT-Quantitative, Cancer
Abstract

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–85% of lung cancers andis the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide for both men and women [1].Histologically, NSCLC is divided into adenocarcinoma (AC), squamous cell carcinoma...

Published
2016

24. Exploratory radiomic features from integrated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging are associated with contemporaneous metastases in oesophageal/gastroesophageal cancer.

Author

Baiocco, Serena, Sah, Bert-Ram, Mallia, Andrew, Kelly-Morland, Christian, Neji, Radhouene, Stirling, J. James, Jeljeli, Sami, Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Cook, Gary J. R., and Goh, Vicky

Subjects
ANALYSIS of variance, FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F18, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, DIAGNOSIS of esophageal cancer, TREATMENT of esophageal cancer, METASTASIS
Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) features are associated with contemporaneous metastases in patients with oesophageal/gastroesophageal cancer. Methods: Following IRB approval and informed consent, patients underwent a staging PET/MRI following 18F-FDG injection (326 ± 28 MBq) and 156 ± 23 min uptake time. First-order histogram and second-order grey level co-occurrence matrix features were computed for PET standardized uptake value (SUV) and MRI T1-W, T2-W, diffusion weighted (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images for the whole tumour volume. K-means clustering assessed the correlation of feature-pairs with metastases. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to assess the statistical separability of the groups identified by feature-pairs. Sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy (ACC) were calculated for these features and compared with SUVmax, ADCmean and maximum diameter alone for predicting contemporaneous metastases. Results: Twenty patients (18 males, 2 female; median 67 years, range 52–86) comprised the final study cohort; ten patients had metastases. Lower second-order SUV entropy combined with higher second-order ADC entropy were the best feature-pair for discriminating metastatic patients, MANOVA p value <0.001 (SN = 80%, SP = 80%, PPV = 80%, NPV = 80%, ACC = 80%). SUVmax (SN = 30%, SP = 80%, PPV = 60%, NPV = 53%, ACC = 55%), ADCmean (SN = 20%, SP = 70%, PPV = 40%, NPV = 47%, ACC = 45%) and tumour maximum diameter (SN = 10%, SP = 90%, PPV = 50%, NPV = 50%, ACC = 50%) had poorer sensitivity and accuracy. Conclusion: High ADC entropy combined with low SUV entropy is associated with a higher prevalence of metastases and a promising initial signature for future study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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25. CT perfusion of lung tumour: do morphological and functional heterogeneity correlate?

Author

Domenico, Barone, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Domenico Barone, Alessandro Bevilacqua, Serena Baiocco, Giampaolo Gavelli, Domenico, Barone, Alessandro, Bevilacqua, Serena, Baiocco, and Giampaolo, Gavelli

Subjects
IMAGE PROCESSING, Computer Applications-General, Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis, FITTING, Oncology, CT perfusion, Tissue characterisation, Computer applications, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, Imaging sequences, Multidisciplinary cancer care, Lung, CT-Quantitative, Time Concentration Curve, CT, Cancer
Abstract

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: Currently, diagnosis and monitoring of lung cancer mainly rely on a visual based morphological analysis [1], primarily performed with computed tomography (CT). Assessment of treatment effects of conventional chemotherapeuticals are visually...

Published
2015
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26. The local coefficient of variation: a quantitative index to measure the global coherence of perfusion values in CT studies of lung cancer

Author

Domenico Barone, BEVILACQUA, ALESSANDRO, BAIOCCO, SERENA, GAVELLI, GIAMPAOLO, Domenico Barone, Alessandro Bevilacqua, Serena Baiocco, and Giampaolo Gavelli

Subjects
Computer Applications-General, genetic structures, image processing, Oncology, quantitative imaging, statistical analyisi, CT perfusion, Computer applications, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY, IMAGE QUALITY, Artifacts, Lung, CT-Quantitative, CT, Cancer
Abstract

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Computed Tomography perfusion (CTp) represents a promising imaging technique in the oncological field, expectedly providing information in diagnosis, to discriminate benign from malignant lesions [1], tumour staging [2] and prognosis [3]....

Published
2015
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28. Exploratory radiomic features from integrated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging are associated with contemporaneous metastases in oesophageal/gastroesophageal cancer

Author

Baiocco, Serena, Sah, Bert-Ram, Mallia, Andrew, Kelly-Morland, Christian, Neji, Radhouene, Stirling, J James, Jeljeli, Sami, Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Cook, Gary J R, and Goh, Vicky

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 3. Good health
Abstract

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine if 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) features are associated with contemporaneous metastases in patients with oesophageal/gastroesophageal cancer. METHODS Following IRB approval and informed consent, patients underwent a staging PET/MRI following 18F-FDG injection (326 ± 28 MBq) and 156 ± 23 min uptake time. First-order histogram and second-order grey level co-occurrence matrix features were computed for PET standardized uptake value (SUV) and MRI T1-W, T2-W, diffusion weighted (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images for the whole tumour volume. K-means clustering assessed the correlation of feature-pairs with metastases. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to assess the statistical separability of the groups identified by feature-pairs. Sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy (ACC) were calculated for these features and compared with SUVmax, ADCmean and maximum diameter alone for predicting contemporaneous metastases. RESULTS Twenty patients (18 males, 2 female; median 67 years, range 52-86) comprised the final study cohort; ten patients had metastases. Lower second-order SUV entropy combined with higher second-order ADC entropy were the best feature-pair for discriminating metastatic patients, MANOVA p value

29. Analysis of morphological and functional heterogeneity in ct perfusion images of lung tumours

Author

Baiocco, Serena, thesis supervisor: Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Baiocco, Serena, and thesis supervisor: Bevilacqua, Alessandro

Abstract

Questa tesi si propone di innovare lo stato dell’arte dei metodi di analisi dell’eterogeneità in lesioni polmonari attualmente utilizzati, affiancando l’analisi funzionale (emodinamica) a quella morfologica, grazie allo sviluppo di nuove feature specifiche. Grazie alla collaborazione tra il Computer Vision Group (CVG) dell’Università di Bologna e l’Unità Operativa di Radiologia dell’IRCCS-IRST di Meldola (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico – Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori), è stato possibile analizzare un adeguato numero di casi reali di pazienti affetti da lesioni polmonari primitive, effettuando un’analisi dell’eterogeneità sia su sequenze di immagini TC baseline sia contrast-enhanced, consentendo quindi un confronto tra eterogeneità morfologica e funzionale. I risultati ottenuti sono infine discussi sulla base del confronto con le considerazioni di natura clinica effettuate in cieco da due esperti radiologi dell’IRCCS-IRST.

30. Analysis of morphological and functional heterogeneity in ct perfusion images of lung tumours

Author

Baiocco, Serena, thesis supervisor: Bevilacqua, Alessandro, Baiocco, Serena, and thesis supervisor: Bevilacqua, Alessandro

Abstract

Questa tesi si propone di innovare lo stato dell’arte dei metodi di analisi dell’eterogeneità in lesioni polmonari attualmente utilizzati, affiancando l’analisi funzionale (emodinamica) a quella morfologica, grazie allo sviluppo di nuove feature specifiche. Grazie alla collaborazione tra il Computer Vision Group (CVG) dell’Università di Bologna e l’Unità Operativa di Radiologia dell’IRCCS-IRST di Meldola (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico – Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori), è stato possibile analizzare un adeguato numero di casi reali di pazienti affetti da lesioni polmonari primitive, effettuando un’analisi dell’eterogeneità sia su sequenze di immagini TC baseline sia contrast-enhanced, consentendo quindi un confronto tra eterogeneità morfologica e funzionale. I risultati ottenuti sono infine discussi sulla base del confronto con le considerazioni di natura clinica effettuate in cieco da due esperti radiologi dell’IRCCS-IRST.

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