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1. Usefulness of Immunosuppression for Giant Cell Myocarditis

Author

Cooper LT Jr, Hare, Jm, Tazelaar, Hd, Edwards, Wd, Starling, Rc, Deng, Mc, Menon, S, Mullen, Gm, Jaski, B, Bailey, Kr, Cunningham, Mw, Dec, Gw, Caforio, A, and Giant Cell Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocarditis, Heart disease, medicine.medical_treatment, Azathioprine, Giant Cells, Article, law.invention, Muromonab-CD3, Young Adult, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Registries, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Immunosuppression Therapy, business.industry, Immunosuppression, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Clinical trial, Withholding Treatment, Cyclosporine, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and highly lethal disorder. The only multicenter case series with treatment data lacked cardiac function assessments and had a retrospective design. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study of immunosuppression including cyclosporine and steroids for acute, microscopically-confirmed GCM. From June 1999 to June 2005 in a standard protocol, 11 subjects received high dose steroids and cyclosporine, and 9 subjects received muromonab-CD3. In these, 7 of 11 were women, the mean age was 60 +/- 15 years, and the mean time from symptom onset to presentation was 27 +/- 33 days. During 1 year of treatment, 1 subject died of respiratory complications on day 178, and 2 subjects received heart transplantations on days 2 and 27, respectively. Serial endomyocardial biopsies revealed that after 4 weeks of treatment the degree of necrosis, cellular inflammation, and giant cells decreased (p = 0.001). One patient who completed the trial subsequently died of a fatal GCM recurrence after withdrawal of immunosuppression. Her case demonstrates for the first time that there is a risk of recurrent, sometimes fatal, GCM after cessation of immunosuppression. In conclusion, this prospective study of immunosuppression for GCM confirms retrospective case reports that such therapy improves long-term survival. Additionally, withdrawal of immunosuppression can be associated with fatal GCM recurrence.

Published
2008

2. Vorapaxar in the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events

Author

Braunwald E, Morrow DA, Scirica BM, Bonaca MP, McCabe CH, Morin S, Fish P, Lamp J, Gershman E, Murphy S, Deenadayalu N, Skene A, Hill K, Bennett L, Strony J, Plat F, Berman G, Lipka L, Kilian A, He W, Liu X, Fox KA, Aylward P, Bassand JP, Betriu A, Bounameaux H, Corbalan R, Creager M, Dalby A, De Ferrari G, Dellborg M, Diehm CH, Dietz R, Goto S, Grande P, Gurbel P, Hankey G, Isaza D, Jensen P, Kiss R, Lewis B, Merlini P, Moliterno D, Morais J, Nicolau JC, Nieminen M, Nilsen D, Olin J, Ophuis TO, Paolasso E, Pichler M, Shinohara Y, Spinar J, Teal P, Tendera M, Theroux P, Thomassen L, Van de Werf F, White H, Wilcox R, Alberts M, Ameriso S, Diener H, Mohr J, Welch M, Wiviott SD, Awtry E, Berger C, Desai A, Gelfand E, Ho C, Leeman D, Link M, Norden A, Pande A, Rost N, Ruberg R, Silverman S, Singhal A, Vita J, Frye RL, Bailey KR, Easton J, Hochman J, Steg PG, Verheught F, Lee K, Mauro DO, Centurion A, Carlevaro O, Cardozo E, Cartasegna L, Soccini N, Farras HA, Molina Aguirre E, Duronto E, Arrechavala L, Rey R, Stilman A, Fernández H, Marinsalta G, Tartaglione J, Chekherdemian M, Povedano G, Casares E, Kantor P, Reges P, Cuneo C, Martinez G, MacKinnon I, Bagnato B, Fernandez A, Funosas C, Lozada A, Barilati P, Ferrari J, Ferrari N, Llanos J, Casaccia G, Giannaula R, García Méndez C, Cirio J, García Dávila C, Estol C, Chiezzo D, Ramirez J, Garrido S, López M, Hominal M, Bianchini MV, Ramos M, Verdini E, Herrera G, Monne H, Ioli P, Samudio MA, Rotta Escalante R, Tarulla A, Reich E, Perez G, Milesi R, Berli M, Marino J, Funes I, Prado A, Bezi M, Fernandez R, Rojas M, Cimbaro Canella JP, Galarza Salazan M, Chew D, Horsfall L, Claxton A, French J, O'Brien K, Nelson G, Loxton A, McCann A, Downey C, Aroney C, Cleave P, Worthley S, Roach A, Amerena J, Long A, Thompson P, Ferguson L, Fitzpatrick M, Mackenzie M, Youssef G, Goldsmith H, Jayasinghe R, Quinlan S, Arstall M, Rose J, Counsell J, Martin M, Crimmins D, Slattery A, Anderson C, Paraskevaidis T, Davis S, Silver G, Gerraty RP, Gapper J, Donnan G, Petrolo S, Whelan A, Tulloch G, Singh B, Campo Ma, Dick R, Savage C, Hill A, Conway B, Waites J, Keays P, Kopp K, Hainzer D, Podczeck Schweighofer A, Priesnitz T, Drexel H, Hagspiel V, Foeger B, Hilbe C, Trinka E, Sinadinoska D, Pilger E, Brodmann M, Stöllberger C, Jungbauer LV, Koppensteiner R, Hoke M, Grisold W, Berger O, Gaul GB, Fazekas N, Wandaller C, Stockenhuber F, Rek A, Willeit J, Zangerle A, Kiechl S, Sturm W, Theurl M, Gruber F, Schacherl S, Auer J, Primus C, Eber B, Ammer M, Hofer JF, Mayr H, Moser S, Hoellmueller I, Van der Werf F, Motte S, Jorion M, Schroë H, Zwinnen W, Vermassen F, Geenens M, De Wolf L, Briké C, De Deyn P, Ongena P, De Klippel N, Meeuwissen K, Desfontaines P, Tincani G, Vandermeeren Y, de Fays K, Pandolfo M, Alaerts N, Peeters A, Findik A, Tack P, deGrande E, Thijs V, Marcelis E, Van Landegem W, Vanhagendoren S, Vanhooren G, Schotte V, Celen H, Bes N, De Letter J, Holvoet G, Claerbout B, Verhamme P, Debaveye B, Bourgeois P, Debrabandere K, Stalpaert S, Dhondt E, De Maeseneire S, De Bleecker J, de Koning K, Vincent M, Tahon S, Monté C, Maes J, Vossaert R, Vandenhoven C, Roosen J, Vissers C, Sinnaeve P, de Velder L, Thoeng J, Cauwenberghs J, Deceuninck F, Nicolau J, Ardito WR, Queirantes C, de Araujo Filho JD, Queirantes CS, Ribeiro JP, Guizzardi SP, Chaves ML, Titton NF, Pereira AH, Webber I, da Silva DG Jr, Uehara RM, Brasileiro J, Maia LN, Souza A, Bodanese LC, Homem R, Friedrich MA, Macagnan AP, Dutra OP, Brum AB, Rossi PR, Herek L, Feitosa GS, Bernardes Ade S, Braga J, Rodrigues D, Guimarães A, Teixeira AB, Marin Neto JA, Tonani M, Piegas LS, Amato V, Leães P, Osorio RL, Ganem F, Vieira AP, Leao P, Kanashiro V, Franken RA, Martins EP, Gagliardi RJ, Silva L, Caffaro RA, Novaes GS, Carvalho A, Laet VL, Miranda F. Jr, Crippa BA, Saraiva JF, Ormundo CT, Speciali JG, Guandolini G, de Albuquerque DC, Silva V, Abrantes JA, Pinheiro L, Teixeira MS, Guanaes DF, Resende ES, Andrade SF, Alves ÁR Jr, Oliveira OM, Tauil CB, Araujo E, de Souza J, de Freitas GR, Horokosky AP, Barbosa EC, Muniz P, de Moraes JB Jr, Cabral M, Faria Neto JR, Belemer A, Paiva MS, Brito A, Hernandes ME, Amorim R, Pittella FJ, Brito HH, Kouz S, Roy M, Gosselin G, David M, Huynh T, Boudreault C, Heath J, Scott L, Bhargava R, Stafford C, Klinke WP, Martin L, Chan YK, Zaniol D, Rebane T, Abramovich M, Vizel S, Fox B, Kornder J, Breakwell L, Constance C, Gauthier M, Cleveland D, Valley S, Dion D, Morissette A, Vertes G, Ross B, Pandey AS, Byrne M, Abramson B, Sodhi N, Ervin F, Thiessen S, Halperin F, Stedham V, Pesant Y, Sardin V, Saw J, Tarry L, Pouliot J, Marquette S, Belisle P, Gagne D, Ducas J, Munoz A, Sussex B, Newman S, Madan M, Hsu E, Bata I, Cossett J, Glanz A, Vilag C, Paddock V, Collings E, Sabbah E, Chausse I, Fortin C, Lepage C, Chehayeb R, Viau C, Ma P, Seib M, Lamy A, Rizzo A, Rajakumar AR, Eikel L, Nigro F, Stoger S, Welsh R, Lindholm L, Parker JD, Webber S, Winkler L, Hannah G, Gupta M, Kubiak A, Mukherjee A, Bozek B, Nguyen M, Dufort L, Haichin R, Toyota V, Bujold S, Syan G, Chinnasane S, Houde G, Rousseau S, Poirier P, Lariviere M, Dupuis R, Ouimet F, Audet J, Darveau C, Labonte R, Rice T, Nawaz S, Cantor W, Robbins K, Boucher P. Jr, Roberge J, Zadra R, McPherson C, Prieto JC, Noriega V, Cereño C, Mestas M, Yovaniniz P, Ferrada W, Pincetti C, Torres G, Perez L, Villan C, Escobar E, Martin R, Padilla I, Ramirez M, Hormazabal R, Pedemonte O, Suazo E, Hasbun S, Mejias M, Cardenas F, Donoso L, Godoy I, Henriquez P, Mariné L, Vergara T, Juri C, Vergara E, Muñoz M, Solano E, Toro J, Cardenas S, Mendoza F, Martinez S, Saaibi JF, Castillo KM, Ruiz NP, Castillo T, Orozco A, Muñoz C, Martínez J, Lopez D, Ochoa J, Andrade J, Jaramillo C, Garces GP, Botero R, Cáceres A, Jaramillo M, Mejia C, Schlesinger A, Munevar V, Rodriguez J, Granados LM, Jaramillo N, Aristizabal C, Cano N, Salazar JC, Urina M, Manco T, Valenzuela C, Hernandez HJ, Delgado PS, Vagner B, Castaño LA, Ucros P, Tellez M, Delgado JA, Piedrahita CA, Crump J, Fernandez V, Quintero CA, Moreno M, Hernandez Triana E, Cuentas I, Accini JL, Accini M, Manzur F, Rivera E, Reynales H, Huertas D, Hovorka J, Filipovsky J, Hirmerova J, Peska S, Jura R, Kanovsky P, Herzig R, Jansky P, Fiala R, Kalita Z, Gatkova A, Bauer J, Fiksa J, Sedlacek J, Monhart Z, Bren J, Linhart A, Skalicka L, Vitovec J, Hlinomaz O, Parenica J, Soucek M, Rihacek I, Branny M, Sknouril L, Klimsa Z, Holub M, Línkova H, Rektor I, Mikulik R, Mayer O. Sr, Novakova B, Bar M, Brodova P, Polasek R, Sabl P, Kos P, Lorenc Z, Macel I, Graversen KH, Galatius S, Soderberg LH, Sillesen H, Madelung S, Overgård K, Stan V, Rasmussen LH, Mortensen B, Iversen HK, Back C, Olesen C, Christensen H, Pedersen A, Nielsen T, Hasain M, Tanggaard L, Husted S, Christensen LL, Haas L, Mickley H, Hosbond S, Rosenlund I, Jepsen J, Kaspersen BB, Bronnum Schou J, Hempel H, Nyvad O, Feldthaus B, Jensen BS, Jensen MK, Andersen G, Thomsen RB, Rokkedal J, Joergensen A, Bülow M, Jeppesen J, Lederballe O, Scheibel I, Sjol A, Larsen J, Graner M, Svahn T, Melin J, Kaakkomäki A, Airaksinen J, Vasankari T, Tatlisumak T, Metso M, Remes A, Näppä M, Jäkälä P, Sivenius J, Kalinen M, Roine RO, Ketola R, Bassand J, Pales D, Coisne D, Berger N, Galinier M, Rosolin N, Elbaz M, Lacassagne L, Montalescot G, Vignolles N, Gully C, Lepage I, Roynard J, Hamon M, Brucato S, Macquin Mavier I, Beitar T, Berthezene P, Medkour T, Amarenco P, Gueblaoui N, Timsit S, Riou D, Mahagne M, Suissa L, Quere I, Clouzot S, Emmerich J, Martinez I, Moulin T, Cole M, Hosseini H, Monod V, Cottin Y, Bichat F, Galley D, Beltra C, Samson Y, Pires R, Bura Riviere A, Pelvet B, Giroud M, Lecheneaut C, Ohlmann P, Ait m. bark Z, Farah B, Petit F, Caussin C, Braun C, Diehm C, Mehrhof F, Inkrot S, Darius H, Heinze H, Radke P, Kulikowsky C, Ferrari M, Utschig S, Strasser R, Haacke K, Felix SB, Bruder M, Nienaber C, Pfaff H, Sohn H, Baylacher M, Mudra H, Setzer P, Konstantinides S, Hallmann A, Kreuzer J, Tsoy I, Schneider P, Appel KF, Habermeier A, Zeiher AM, Kretschmer T, Mitrovic V, Lehinant S, Bohlscheid V, Palme B, Heuer H, Espinola Klein C, Savvidis S, Kleinertz K, Hänel J, Schmidt E, Schmidt A, Ringleb PA, Ludwig I, Dietzold M, Schaffranka A, Ranft J, Cegla C, Berrouschot J, Stoll A, Tanislav C, Brandtner MA, Rosenkranz M, Otto D, Görtler M, Barleben M, Haberl R, Miedl S, Maschke M, Schröder K, Aral Becher B, Herzog Hauff S, Guenther A, Herzau C, Hoffmann U, Roth Zetzsche S, Grond M, Becker M, Hamann G, Simon K, Köhrmann M, Glahn J, Wuttig H, Nabavi DG, Seraphin D, Schellong S, Frommhold R, Dichgans M, Doerr A, Blessing E, Buss I, Butter C, Bettin D, Grosch B, Blank E, Wong L, Liu R, Lee S, Kong S, Yu C, So E, Jakal Á, Masszi G, Czuriga I, Kapocsi J, Soós E, Csiba L, Fekete K, Valikovics A, Dioszeghy P, Muskóczki E, Csányi A, Matoltsy A, Yuval R, Bornstein N, Elimelech R, Chajek Shaul T, Bursztyn M, Hayek T, Hazbon K, Gavish D, Anat N, Wexler D, Azar P, Mosseri M, Tsirulnikov E, Rozenman Y, Logvinenko S, Tanne D, Don A, Gross B, Feldman Y, Klainman E, Genin Dmitrishin I, Eldar M, Eizenberg N, Atar S, Lasri E, Hammerman H, Aharoni G, Zimlichman R, Zuker S, Telman G, Afanasiev S, Katz A, Biton A, Goldhaber A, Goldhaber M, Elian D, Linor A, Meyuhas S, Tsalihin D, Kissos D, Lampl Y, Israelson M, Gottlieb S, Dotan L, Elis A, Karny M, Hussein O, Shestatski K, Brenner H, Segal E, Baldini U, Gavazzi A, Poloni M, Censori B, Aiazzi L, Maraglino C, Marenzi G, Specchia G, Tritto I, Golino P, CIANFLONE , DOMENICO, Martignoni A, Tamburino C, Rubartelli P, Ardissino D, Tadonio I, Stramba Badiale M, Cernuschi P, Nardulli R, Sommariva L, Giordano A, Berni A, Cavallini C, Fiscella A, Azzarelli S, Esposito G, Cassese S, Danzi G, Fattore L, Barbieri E, De Caterina R, Odero A, Puttini M, Corrada E, Monzini N, Vadalà A, Pistarini C, Scrutinio D, Ferratini M, Marcheselli S, Moretti L, Partemi L, Pupilella T, Lazzari A, Ledda A, Geraci G, Rasura M, Beccia M, Cassadonte F, Vatrano M, Bongiorni D, Mos L, Marcuzzi G, Murena E, Uguccioni L, Ferretti C, Piti ATerrosu P, Perrone PF, Marconi R, Grasso L, Severi S, Evola R, Russo N, Agnelli G, Paci C, Carugo S, Silvestri O, Testa R, Novo S., Braunwald, E, Morrow, Da, Scirica, Bm, Bonaca, Mp, Mccabe, Ch, Morin, S, Fish, P, Lamp, J, Gershman, E, Murphy, S, Deenadayalu, N, Skene, A, Hill, K, Bennett, L, Strony, J, Plat, F, Berman, G, Lipka, L, Kilian, A, He, W, Liu, X, Fox, Ka, Aylward, P, Bassand, Jp, Betriu, A, Bounameaux, H, Corbalan, R, Creager, M, Dalby, A, De Ferrari, G, Dellborg, M, Diehm, Ch, Dietz, R, Goto, S, Grande, P, Gurbel, P, Hankey, G, Isaza, D, Jensen, P, Kiss, R, Lewis, B, Merlini, P, Moliterno, D, Morais, J, Nicolau, Jc, Nieminen, M, Nilsen, D, Olin, J, Ophuis, To, Paolasso, E, Pichler, M, Shinohara, Y, Spinar, J, Teal, P, Tendera, M, Theroux, P, Thomassen, L, Van de Werf, F, White, H, Wilcox, R, Alberts, M, Ameriso, S, Diener, H, Mohr, J, Welch, M, Wiviott, Sd, Awtry, E, Berger, C, Desai, A, Gelfand, E, Ho, C, Leeman, D, Link, M, Norden, A, Pande, A, Rost, N, Ruberg, R, Silverman, S, Singhal, A, Vita, J, Frye, Rl, Bailey, Kr, Easton, J, Hochman, J, Steg, Pg, Verheught, F, Lee, K, Mauro, Do, Centurion, A, Carlevaro, O, Cardozo, E, Cartasegna, L, Soccini, N, Farras, Ha, Molina Aguirre, E, Duronto, E, Arrechavala, L, Rey, R, Stilman, A, Fernández, H, Marinsalta, G, Tartaglione, J, Chekherdemian, M, Povedano, G, Casares, E, Kantor, P, Reges, P, Cuneo, C, Martinez, G, Mackinnon, I, Bagnato, B, Fernandez, A, Funosas, C, Lozada, A, Barilati, P, Ferrari, J, Ferrari, N, Llanos, J, Casaccia, G, Giannaula, R, García Méndez, C, Cirio, J, García Dávila, C, Estol, C, Chiezzo, D, Ramirez, J, Garrido, S, López, M, Hominal, M, Bianchini, Mv, Ramos, M, Verdini, E, Herrera, G, Monne, H, Ioli, P, Samudio, Ma, Rotta Escalante, R, Tarulla, A, Reich, E, Perez, G, Milesi, R, Berli, M, Marino, J, Funes, I, Prado, A, Bezi, M, Fernandez, R, Rojas, M, Cimbaro Canella, Jp, Galarza Salazan, M, Chew, D, Horsfall, L, Claxton, A, French, J, O'Brien, K, Nelson, G, Loxton, A, Mccann, A, Downey, C, Aroney, C, Cleave, P, Worthley, S, Roach, A, Amerena, J, Long, A, Thompson, P, Ferguson, L, Fitzpatrick, M, Mackenzie, M, Youssef, G, Goldsmith, H, Jayasinghe, R, Quinlan, S, Arstall, M, Rose, J, Counsell, J, Martin, M, Crimmins, D, Slattery, A, Anderson, C, Paraskevaidis, T, Davis, S, Silver, G, Gerraty, Rp, Gapper, J, Donnan, G, Petrolo, S, Whelan, A, Tulloch, G, Singh, B, Campo, Ma, Dick, R, Savage, C, Hill, A, Conway, B, Waites, J, Keays, P, Kopp, K, Hainzer, D, Podczeck Schweighofer, A, Priesnitz, T, Drexel, H, Hagspiel, V, Foeger, B, Hilbe, C, Trinka, E, Sinadinoska, D, Pilger, E, Brodmann, M, Stöllberger, C, Jungbauer, Lv, Koppensteiner, R, Hoke, M, Grisold, W, Berger, O, Gaul, Gb, Fazekas, N, Wandaller, C, Stockenhuber, F, Rek, A, Willeit, J, Zangerle, A, Kiechl, S, Sturm, W, Theurl, M, Gruber, F, Schacherl, S, Auer, J, Primus, C, Eber, B, Ammer, M, Hofer, Jf, Mayr, H, Moser, S, Hoellmueller, I, Van der Werf, F, Motte, S, Jorion, M, Schroë, H, Zwinnen, W, Vermassen, F, Geenens, M, De Wolf, L, Briké, C, De Deyn, P, Ongena, P, De Klippel, N, Meeuwissen, K, Desfontaines, P, Tincani, G, Vandermeeren, Y, de Fays, K, Pandolfo, M, Alaerts, N, Peeters, A, Findik, A, Tack, P, Degrande, E, Thijs, V, Marcelis, E, Van Landegem, W, Vanhagendoren, S, Vanhooren, G, Schotte, V, Celen, H, Bes, N, De Letter, J, Holvoet, G, Claerbout, B, Verhamme, P, Debaveye, B, Bourgeois, P, Debrabandere, K, Stalpaert, S, Dhondt, E, De Maeseneire, S, De Bleecker, J, de Koning, K, Vincent, M, Tahon, S, Monté, C, Maes, J, Vossaert, R, Vandenhoven, C, Roosen, J, Vissers, C, Sinnaeve, P, de Velder, L, Thoeng, J, Cauwenberghs, J, Deceuninck, F, Nicolau, J, Ardito, Wr, Queirantes, C, de Araujo Filho, Jd, Ribeiro, Jp, Guizzardi, Sp, Chaves, Ml, Titton, Nf, Pereira, Ah, Webber, I, da Silva DG, Jr, Uehara, Rm, Brasileiro, J, Maia, Ln, Souza, A, Bodanese, Lc, Homem, R, Friedrich, Ma, Macagnan, Ap, Dutra, Op, Brum, Ab, Rossi, Pr, Herek, L, Feitosa, G, Bernardes Ade, S, Braga, J, Rodrigues, D, Guimarães, A, Teixeira, Ab, Marin Neto, Ja, Tonani, M, Piegas, L, Amato, V, Leães, P, Osorio, Rl, Ganem, F, Vieira, Ap, Leao, P, Kanashiro, V, Franken, Ra, Martins, Ep, Gagliardi, Rj, Silva, L, Caffaro, Ra, Novaes, G, Carvalho, A, Laet, Vl, Miranda F., Jr, Crippa, Ba, Saraiva, Jf, Ormundo, Ct, Speciali, Jg, Guandolini, G, de Albuquerque, Dc, Silva, V, Abrantes, Ja, Pinheiro, L, Teixeira, M, Guanaes, Df, Resende, 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Abstract

BACKGROUND:Thrombin potently activates platelets through the protease-activated receptor PAR-1. Vorapaxar is a novel antiplatelet agent that selectively inhibits the cellular actions of thrombin through antagonism of PAR-1.METHODS:We randomly assigned 26,449 patients who had a history of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or peripheral arterial disease to receive vorapaxar (2.5 mg daily) or matching placebo and followed them for a median of 30 months. The primary efficacy end point was the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. After 2 years, the data and safety monitoring board recommended discontinuation of the study treatment in patients with a history of stroke owing to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage.RESULTS:At 3 years, the primary end point had occurred in 1028 patients (9.3%) in the vorapaxar group and in 1176 patients (10.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio for the vorapaxar group, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 0.94; P

Published
2012

3. Thrombin-receptor antagonist vorapaxar in acute coronary syndromes

Author

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P, Larson, Le, Vasko, P, Pripp, Cm, Johansson, A, Moccetti, T, Corti, R, Pieper, M, Mach, F, Eberli, F, Jeger, R, Rickli, H, Vogt, P, Windecker, S, Wu, Cj, Kao, Hl, Charng, Mj, Chang, Kc, Chen, Zc, Tsa, Cd, Shyu, Kg, Lai, Wt, Hsieh, Ic, Hou, Jy, Yeh, Hi, Ueng, Kc, Yin, Wh, Timurkaynak, T, Yigit, Z, Yilmaz, M, Boyaci, A, Sahin, M, Goktekin, O, Bozkurt, E, Ercan, E, Yildirir, A, Muthusamy, R, Keeling, P, Levy, T, Zaman, A, Cohen, A, Gorog, D, Baumbach, A, Oldroyd, K, Kadr, H, Tait, G, Bellenger, N, Davis, G, Shakespeare, C, Senior, R, Bruce, D, Uren, N, Trouton, T, Ahsan, A, Hamed, A, Malik, I, Sarma, J, Millar-Craig, M, Robson, H, Kennon, S, Sprigings, D, Brodie, B, Kang, Gs, Thomas, G, Cheng, Sc, Espinoza, A, Kassas, S, Jafar, Z, Kumar, P, Izzo, M, Wiseman, A, Chandna, H, Felten, W, D'Urso, M, Gudipati, Cr, Coram, R, Gill, S, Bengtson, J, Chang, M, Raisinghani, A, Blankenship, J, Harbor, Wf, Kraft, P, Ashraf, R, Chambers, J, Albirini, A, Malik, A, Ziada, K, Slepian, M, Taussig, A, Vernon, H, Jetty, P, Islam, Ma, Canaday, D, Martin, T, Burchenal, Jj, Gencheff, N, Nygaard, T, Panchal, V, Merritt, R, Abrahams, L, Lambert, C, Reyes, P, Leimbach, W, Chhabra, A, Caputo, R, Imburgia, M, Erickson, B, Kleiman, N, Hunter, J, Dehning, M, Graham, B, Strain, J, White, Jk, Mcgarvey, J Jr, Henderson, D, Treasure, C 2nd, Mirro, M, Pancholy, S, Helmy, T, Westerhausen, D, Dib, N, Penny, W, Kim, H, Degregorio, M, Jay, D, Kmonicek, J, Berlowitz, M, Starling, M, Langevin, E, Nelson, R, Singer, A, Siachos, A, Gibson, G, Parrott, C, Held, J, Puleo, P, Wolford, T, Omar, B, Brilakis, E, Lewis, S, Heller, L, Brener, S, Addo, T, Lieberman, S, Eisenberg, D, Feldman, R, Waksman, R, Waltman, J, Schulman, S, Bounds, C, Voyce, S, Batchelor, W, Dobies, D, Pasnoori, V, Chandrashekhar, Y, Vetrovec, G, Azrin, M, Spriggs, D, Hirsch, C, Smucker, M, Chetcuti, S, Stella, R, Levite, H, Shoukfeh, M, Vidovich, M, Saucedo, J, Fintel, D, Low, R, Gellman, J, Ahsan, C, Unks, Dm, Tolleson, T, Ceccoli, H, Aggarwal, K, Bhaktaram, V, Olson, C, Decaro, M, Kaluski, E, Mehta, V, Puma, J, Singh, V, Fulmer, J, Lewis, D, Khadra, S, Staniloae, C, East, M, Sundram, Ps, Anderson, J, Wasserman, H, Guy, D, Brill, D, Kruse, K, Ebrahimi, R, Nguyen, T, Keating, F, Srivastava, R, Wassmer, P, Todd, J 3rd, Stein, M, Hamzeh, I, Laxson, D, Hodson, R, Puri, S, Vijayaraghavan, K, Gazmuri, R, Chu, A, Vijay, N, Rabinowitz, A, Block, T, Agarwal, H, Martin, J, Zetterlund, P, Fortuin, D, Macdonell, A 3rd, Zouzoulas, S, Chepuri, V, Schmalfuss, C, Karve, M, Aviles, R, Lieberman, E, Amlani, M, Murphy, S, Shapiro, T, Herzog, E, Ariani, K, Bhagwat, R, Hockstad, E, Kai, W, Saririan, M, Roth, R, Weiland, F, Atassi, K, Harjai, K, Muhlestein, J, Marsh, R, Shokooh, S, Nahhas, A, Labroo, A, Mayor, M, Koshy, S, Tariq, M, Rayos, G, Jones, S, Klugherz, B, Dewey, R, Rashid, Hu, Wohns, D, Feiring, A, Bowles, M, Rohrbeck, S, Monroe, Vs, De Gottlieb, A, Gumm, D, Brown, C 3rd, Chang, D, Kalaria, V, Minisi, A, Joumaa, M, Josephson, R, Kleczka, J, Silver, K, Coleman, P, Brachfeld, C, Saltiel, F, Reiner, J, Carell, E, Hanovich, G, Rosenberg, M, Das, G, Blick, D, and Universitat de Barcelona

Subjects
Male, Pyridines, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, law.invention, Lactones, Randomized controlled trial, law, Thrombin receptor antagonist, clopidogrel, placebo, thienopyridine derivative, vorapaxar, antithrombocytic agent, lactone, proteinase activated receptor 1, pyridine derivative, Coronary Artery Bypass, Vorapaxar, Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14], Drugs, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Cardiovascular diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Platelet aggregation inhibitor, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Plaquetes sanguínies, Intracranial Hemorrhages, Major bleeding, Medicaments, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Bypass cardiopulmonary, Hemorrhage, Pharmacotherapy, Blood platelets, Double-Blind Method, Angioplasty, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Receptor, PAR-1, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged, business.industry, Malalties cardiovasculars, medicine.disease, Surgery, Bypass cardiopulmonar, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Vorapaxar is a new oral protease-activated-receptor 1 (PAR-1) antagonist that inhibits thrombin-induced platelet activation. METHODS: In this multinational, double-blind, randomized trial, we compared vorapaxar with placebo in 12,944 patients who had acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. The primary end point was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, stroke, recurrent ischemia with rehospitalization, or urgent coronary revascularization. RESULTS: Follow-up in the trial was terminated early after a safety review. After a median follow-up of 502 days (interquartile range, 349 to 667), the primary end point occurred in 1031 of 6473 patients receiving vorapaxar versus 1102 of 6471 patients receiving placebo (Kaplan-Meier 2-year rate, 18.5% vs. 19.9%; hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.01; P=0.07). A composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke occurred in 822 patients in the vorapaxar group versus 910 in the placebo group (14.7% and 16.4%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.98; P=0.02). Rates of moderate and severe bleeding were 7.2% in the vorapaxar group and 5.2% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.58; P

Published
2012

4. New 'tip toe' test for intermittent claudication

Author

McPhail, IR, Spittell, PC, Weston, SA, and Bailey, KR

Subjects
Intermittent claudication -- Research, Exercise -- Physiological aspects, Health, Seniors
Abstract

A simple, inexpensive, 10-minute bedside test employing active pedal plantarflexion (standing up on the toes) appears to be as reliable as conventional treadmill exercise testing for the noninvasive assessment of [...]

Published
2001

9. Congestive heart failure in the community: Trends in incidence and survival in a 10-year period

Author

Senni, M, Tribouilloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Jacobsen, S, Evans, J, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Tribouilloy CM, Rodeheffer RJ, Jacobsen SJ, Evans JM, Bailey KR, Redfield MM, Senni, M, Tribouilloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Jacobsen, S, Evans, J, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Tribouilloy CM, Rodeheffer RJ, Jacobsen SJ, Evans JM, Bailey KR, and Redfield MM

Abstract

Objective: To compare the incidence of congestive heart failure and the survival in patients with congestive heart failure in Rochester, Minn, in 1981 with that observed in 1991.Methods: Population-based, descriptive epidemiological study with ecological and individual level comparisons over time. Olmsted County, Minnesota, where the Rochester Epidemiology Project provides passive surveillance of the population for health outcomes. All 248 patients fulfilled the Framingham criteria, 107 patients presenting with the new onset of congestive heart failure in 1981 and 141 patients in 1991. The community inpatient and outpatient medical records of all incident cases were reviewed to evaluate the presenting characteristics of patients at diagnosis.Results: The incidence of congestive heart failure after adjustment for age and sex to the US population was not significantly different in the 1991 cohort compared with that in 1981 (3.0 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-3.5 vs 2.8 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, 2.2-3.3; P = .55). The survival of patients with new diagnosis of congestive heart failure was similar in the 2 cohorts (P = .53). Survival adjusted for age, sex, and New York Heart Association functional class was not significantly different in patients with congestive heart failure in 1981 and 1991 (relative risk, 0.907; P = .55).Conclusions: These data suggest that recent advances in management of cardiovascular disease, as used in the community, had not yet impacted incidence or survival of patients with congestive heart failure in the community during the 10-year study period. This highlights the need to continue efforts to ensure that advances in diagnosis and therapy are incorporated into the care of patients with congestive heart failure in the community.

Published
1999

10. Use of echocardiography in the management of congestive heart failure in the community

Author

Senni, M, Rodeheffer, R, Tribouilloy, C, Evans, J, Jacobsen, S, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Rodeheffer RJ, Tribouilloy CM, Evans JM, Jacobsen SJ, Bailey KR, Redfield MM, Senni, M, Rodeheffer, R, Tribouilloy, C, Evans, J, Jacobsen, S, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Rodeheffer RJ, Tribouilloy CM, Evans JM, Jacobsen SJ, Bailey KR, and Redfield MM

Abstract

Objectives. We evaluated the use and the impact of echocardiography in patients receiving an initial diagnosis of congestive heart failure in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991. Background. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association clinical practice guidelines recommend echocardiography in all patients with suspected congestive heart failure. No data are available on use and impact of echocardiography in management of congestive heart failure in a community. Methods. The medical records linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project was used to identify all 216 patients who satisfied the Framingham criteria for congestive heart failure. Of these, 137 (63%) underwent echocardiography within 3 weeks before or after the episode of congestive heart failure (Echo group), and the other 79 patients constitute the No-Echo group. Results. The No-Echo group patients were older (p = 0.022), were more likely to be female (p = 0.072), had milder symptoms (p = 0.001) and were less often hospitalized at diagnosis (p = 0.001). Fewer patients in the No-Echo group were treated with angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors (p = 0.001). Advanced age (≥80 years), lower New York Heart Association functional class, absence of a fourth heart sound on examination, absence of cardiomegaly or signs of congestive heart failure on chest radiography and absence of known valve disease were independently related to the decision not to obtain an echocardiogram. Survival after adjustment for age, functional class and gender was lower in the No-Echo group than the Echo group (risk ratio = 0.607, p = 0.017). Conclusions. The underuse of echocardiography appears to be associated with poorer survival and underuse of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy.

Published
1999

13. Incidence and survival in the community: trends over a decade

Author

Senni, M, Triboulloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Evans, J, Jacobsen, S, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Triboulloy CM, Rodeheffer RR, Evans JM, Jacobsen SJ, Bailey KR, Redfield MM, Senni, M, Triboulloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Evans, J, Jacobsen, S, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Triboulloy CM, Rodeheffer RR, Evans JM, Jacobsen SJ, Bailey KR, and Redfield MM

Published
1998

14. Congestive heart failure in the community: A study of all incident cases in Olmsted county, Minnesota, in 1991

Author

Senni, M, Tribouilloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Jacobsen, S, Evans, J, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Tribouilloy CM, Rodeheffer RJ, Jacobsen SJ, Evans JM, Bailey KR, Redfield MM, Senni, M, Tribouilloy, C, Rodeheffer, R, Jacobsen, S, Evans, J, Bailey, K, Redfield, M, Senni M, Tribouilloy CM, Rodeheffer RJ, Jacobsen SJ, Evans JM, Bailey KR, and Redfield MM

Abstract

Background - Data are limited regarding the classification and prognosis of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) in the community. Methods and Results - Using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, we evaluated all patients receiving a first diagnosis of CHF in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991 (n=216). Among these patients, 88% were ≥65 years and 49% were ≥80 years of age. The prognosis of patients with a new diagnosis of CHF was poor; survival was 86±2% at 3 months, 76±3% at 1 year, and 35±3% at 5 years. Of the 216 patients, 137 (63%) had an assessment of ejection fraction. In these patients, systolic function was preserved (ejection fraction ≥50%) in 59 (43%) and reduced (ejection fraction <50%)in 78 (57%). Survival adjusted for age, sex, NYHA class, and coronary artery disease was not significantly different between patients with preserved and those with reduced systolic function (relative risk, 0.80; P=0.369). ACE inhibitors were used in only 44% of the total population with CHF. Conclusions - The present study reports the clinical characteristics and natural history of CHF as it presents in the community in the vasodilator era. CHF is a disease of the 'very elderly,' frequently occurs in the setting of normal ejection fraction, and has a poor prognosis, regardless of the level of systolic function. Diagnostic and therapeutic methods are underused in the community.

Published
1998

19. G protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms: β-blocker pharmacogenetics and treatment-related outcomes in hypertension.

Author

Vandell AG, Lobmeyer MT, Gawronski BE, Langaee TY, Gong Y, Gums JG, Beitelshees AL, Turner ST, Chapman AB, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Bailey KR, Boerwinkle E, Pepine CJ, Liggett SB, Johnson JA, Vandell, Alexander G, Lobmeyer, Maximilian T, Gawronski, Brian E, Langaee, Taimour Y, and Gong, Yan

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are important regulatory proteins for many G protein-coupled receptors, but little is known about GRK4 pharmacogenetics. We hypothesized that 3 nonsynonymous GRK4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, R65L (rs2960306), A142V (rs1024323), and A486V (rs1801058), would be associated with blood pressure response to atenolol, but not hydrochlorothiazide, and would be associated with long-term cardiovascular outcomes (all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke) in participants treated with an atenolol-based versus verapamil-SR-based antihypertensive strategy. GRK4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 768 hypertensive participants from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) trial. In whites and blacks, increasing copies of the variant 65L-142V haplotype were associated with significantly reduced atenolol-induced diastolic blood pressure lowering (-9.1±6.8 versus -6.8±7.1 versus -5.3±6.4 mm Hg in participants with 0, 1, and 2 copies of 65L-142V, respectively; P=0.0088). One thousand four hundred sixty participants with hypertension and coronary artery disease from the INternational VErapamil SR/Trandolapril STudy (INVEST) were genotyped, and variant alleles of all 3 GRK4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with increased risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in an additive fashion, with 486V homozygotes reaching statistical significance (odds ratio, 2.29 [1.48-3.55]; P=0.0002). These effects on adverse cardiovascular outcomes were independent of antihypertensive treatment. These results suggest that the presence of GRK4 variant alleles may be important determinants of blood pressure response to atenolol and risk for adverse cardiovascular events. The associations with GRK4 variant alleles were stronger in patients who were also ADRB1 389R homozygotes, suggesting a potential interaction between these 2 genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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20. Comparison of natural language processing biosurveillance methods for identifying influenza from encounter notes.

Author

Elkin PL, Froehling DA, Wahner-Roedler DL, Brown SH, and Bailey KR

Abstract

Background: An effective national biosurveillance system expedites outbreak recognition and facilitates response coordination at the federal, state, and local levels. The BioSense system, used at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, incorporates chief complaints but not data from the whole encounter note into its surveillance algorithms. Objective: To evaluate whether biosurveillance by using data from the whole encounter note is superior to that using data from the chief complaint field alone. Design: 6-year retrospective case-control cohort study. Setting: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Participants: 17 243 persons tested for influenza A or B virus between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2006. Measurements: The accuracy of a model based on signs and symptoms to predict influenza virus infection in patients with upper respiratory tract symptoms, and the ability of a natural language processing technique to identify definitional clinical features from free-text encounter notes. Results: Surveillance based on the whole encounter note was superior to the chief complaint field alone. For the case definition used by surveillance of the whole encounter note, the normalized partial area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (specificity, 0.1 to 0.4) for surveillance using the whole encounter note was 92.9% versus 70.3% for surveillance with the chief complaint field (difference, 22.6%; P < 0.001). Comparison of the 2 models at the fixed specificity of 0.4 resulted in sensitivities of 89.0% and 74.4%, respectively (P < 0.001). The relative risk for missing a true case of influenza was 2.3 by using the chief complaint field model. Limitations: Participants were seen at 1 tertiary referral center. The cost of comprehensive biosurveillance monitoring was not studied. Conclusion: A biosurveillance model for influenza using the whole encounter note is more accurate than a model that uses only the chief complaint field. Because case-defining signs and symptoms of influenza are commonly available in health records, the investigators believe that the national strategy for biosurveillance should be changed to incorporate data from the whole health record. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

23. Chronic actions of a novel oral B-type natriuretic peptide conjugate in normal dogs and acute actions in angiotensin II-mediated hypertension.

Author

Cataliotti A, Chen HH, Schirger JA, Martin FL, Boerrigter G, Costello-Boerrigter LC, James KD, Polowy K, Miller MA, Malkar NB, Bailey KR, Burnett JC Jr., Cataliotti, Alessandro, Chen, Horng H, Schirger, John A, Martin, Fernando L, Boerrigter, Guido, Costello-Boerrigter, Lisa C, James, Kenneth D, and Polowy, Karen

Published
2008
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26. A systematic review of population-based studies of infective endocarditis.

Author

Tleyjeh IM, Abdel-Latif A, Rahbi H, Scott CG, Bailey KR, Steckelberg JM, Wilson WR, and Baddour LM

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We sought to summarize and critically appraise the literature on the epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE) in the general population. METHODS: We retrieved population-based IE surveys by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE. Two reviewers independently extracted relevant data. We performed a metaregression to determine if temporal trends of IE characteristics exist. RESULTS: Fifteen population-based investigations with 2,371 IE cases from seven countries (Denmark, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States) from 1969 to 2000 were eligible. Different case definitions and procedures were used to capture all IE cases, including census of existing diagnoses, record-linkage system, and direct contact survey. In the unadjusted regression, there was a decline in the proportion of IE patients with underlying rheumatic heart disease (RHD; 12%; 95% confidence interval [CI], - 21 to - 3%; p = 0.01) and an increase in the proportion of patients undergoing valve surgery (9%; 95% CI, 3 to 16%) per decade. After adjusting for country, the decline in IE cases with underlying RHD became nonsignificant, but the proportions of IE patients undergoing valve surgery increased 7% per decade (95% CI, - 4 to 14%; p = 0.06), and those with underlying prosthetic valve increased 7% per decade (95% CI, - 1 to 16%; p = 0.07). There were no significant temporal trends in the causative organisms. CONCLUSION: Evidence from well-planned, representative IE epidemiologic surveys is scarce in many countries. Available studies suggest a changing distribution of underlying valvular heart disease in patients with IE and an increase in its surgical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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27. Association of novel risk factors with the ankle brachial index in African American and non-Hispanic White populations.

Author

Khawaja FJ, Bailey KR, Turner ST, Kardia SL, Mosley TH, and Kullo IJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether novel risk factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and homocysteine levels, are associated with the ankle brachial index (ABI) in African American and non-Hispanic white populations and whether novel risk factors account for ethnic differences in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Between December 2000 and October 2004, original participants in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy study returned for a second study visit to undergo measurement of risk factors and ABI. The CRP, Lp(a), and homocysteine levels were log transformed to reduce skewness. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess whether a novel risk factor was associated with ABI after adjustment for conventional risk factors and whether ethnicity was associated with PAD (ABI, Less than or equal to 0.95) after adjustment for conventional and novel risk factors. RESULTS: Of 2229 study participants, the ABI was determined in 1395 African American participants (mean Plus or Minus SD age, 63 plus or minus 9 years; 71% women) and 834 white participants (mean plus or minus SD age, 58 plus or minus 9 years; 62% women) who belonged to hypertensive sibships. The mean ABI was lower in African American than in white individuals (0.99 plus or minus 0.1 vs 1.13 plus or minus 0.1; Pless than .001). In both ethnic groups, higher levels of CRP, fibrinogen, and homocysteine were each associated with a lower ABI after adjustment for conventional risk factors. In African American participants, the Lp(a) level was also significantly associated with the ABI. African American ethnicity was associated with the presence of PAD after adjustment for conventional risk factors (men: odds ratio [OR], 3.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-5.15; women: OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.85-4.29), but the risk was significantly attenuated after additional adjustment for novel risk factors (men: OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.21-3.70; women: OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.26-3.11). CONCLUSION: Novel risk factors are associated with interindividual variation in ABI in African American and non-Hispanic white populations and partly account for the increased risk of PAD associated with African American ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007

33. Lack of association between lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcification in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) study.

Author

Kullo IJ, Bailey KR, Bielak LF, Sheedy PF II, Klee GG, Kardia SL, Peyser PA, Boerwinkle E, Turner ST, Kullo, Iftikhar J, Bailey, Kent R, Bielak, Lawrence F, Sheedy, Patrick F 2nd, Klee, George G, Kardia, Sharon L, Peyser, Patricia A, Boerwinkle, Eric, and Turner, Stephen T

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis in a cohort that consisted predominantly of hypertensive patients. Patients and Methods: Patients were ascertained through sibships that contained at least 2 individuals with essential hypertension diagnosed before the age of 60 years. The 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk was estimated on the basis of the Framingham risk equation. Serum Lp(a) was measured by an immunoturbidimetric assay. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was measured noninvasively by electron beam computed tomography and CAC score calculated using the Agatston score. Results: Patients included 765 non-Hispanic, white individuals (59% women) participating in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy study. The mean +/- SD age of the patients was 62 +/- 8 years, and 77% had hypertension. The prevalence of detectable CAC was 87% in men and 60% in women. The CAC scores did not differ significantly across quintiles of Lp(a) levels in either men or women. In a multiple regression model that included conventional risk factors, Lp(a) levels were not related to CAC quantity in either sex. No significant interactions were noted between Lp(a) levels and the conventional risk factors in the prediction of CAC quantity. When stratified on the basis of the 10-year CHD risk, 26.5% of the patients were low risk (< 6%), 60.5% were intermediate risk (6%-20%), and 12.9% were high risk (> 20%). Lipoprotein(a) was not associated with CAC quantity within subgroups based on 10-year CHD risk. Conclusion: In this cohort enriched with hypertensive patients, the estimated 10-year CHD risk did not appear to modify the lack of an association between Lp(a) levels and CAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004

35. Maintenance of Photosynthesis as Leaves Age Improves Whole Plant Water Use Efficiency in an Australian Wheat Cultivar

Author

Bailey Kretzler, Cristina Rodrigues Gabriel Sales, Michal Karady, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, and Ian C. Dodd

Subjects
wheat, photosynthesis, leaf age, Rubisco, Triticum aestivum, water use efficiency, Agriculture
Abstract

Leaf-level water use efficiency (WUEi) is often used to predict whole plant water use efficiency (WUEwp), however these measures rarely correlate. A better understanding of the underlying physiological relationship between WUEi and WUEwp would enable efficient phenotyping of this important plant trait to inform future crop breeding efforts. Although WUEi varies across leaf age and position, less is understood about the regulatory mechanisms. WUEi and WUEwp were determined in Australian (cv. Krichauff) and UK (cv. Gatsby) wheat cultivars. Leaf gas exchange was measured as leaves aged and evaluated in relation to foliar abscisic acid (ABA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) concentration, chlorophyll content and Rubisco activity. Carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation (A) declined more rapidly as leaves aged in the lower WUEwp genotype Gatsby. Both ACC concentration and Rubisco activity declined as leaves aged, but neither explained the variation in A. Further, stomatal conductance (gs) and stomatal sensitivity to ABA were unchanged as leaves aged, therefore WUEi was lowest in Gatsby. Maintenance of A as the leaves aged in the Australian cultivar Krichauff enabled greater biomass production even as water loss continued similarly in both genotypes, resulting in higher WUEwp.

Published
2020
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37. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae decreases cilia beating via protein kinase C epsilon

Author

Bailey Kristina L, LeVan Tricia D, Yanov Daniel A, Pavlik Jaqueline A, DeVasure Jane M, Sisson Joseph H, and Wyatt Todd A

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Haemophilus influenzae infection of the nasal epithelium has long been associated with observations of decreased nasal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and injury to the ciliated epithelium. Previously, we have reported that several agents that slow CBF also have the effect of activating protein kinase C epsilon (PKCϵ) activity in bronchial epithelial cells. The subsequent auto-downregulation of PKCϵ or the direct inhibition of PKCϵ leads to the specific detachment of the ciliated cells. METHODS: Primary cultures of ciliated bovine bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to filtered conditioned media supernatants from non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) cultures. CBF and motile points were measured and PKCϵ activity assayed. Results NTHi supernatant exposure significantly and rapidly decreased CBF in a dose-dependent manner within 10 minutes of exposure. After 3 hours of exposure, the number of motile ciliated cells significantly decreased. Direct measurement of PKCϵ activity revealed a dose-dependent activation of PKCϵ in response to NTHi supernatant exposure. Both CBF and PKCϵ activity changes were only observed in fresh NTHi culture supernatant and not observed in exposures to heat-inactivated or frozen supernatants. Conclusions Our results suggest that CBF slowing observed in response to NTHi is consistent with the stimulated activation of PKCϵ. Ciliated cell detachment is associated with PKCϵ autodownregulation.

Published
2012
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40. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in nursing home residents.

Author

Liebson CL, Petterson TM, Bailey KR, Melton LJ 3rd, Heit JA, Liebson, Cynthia L, Petterson, Tanya M, Bailey, Kent R, Melton, L Joseph 3rd, and Heit, John A

Abstract

Objective: To determine risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) among nursing home (NH) residents.Participants and Methods: This population-based historical cohort study used Minnesota Case Mix Review Program (MCMRP) Public Research Files to identify all unique Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents in any local NH from January 1, 1988, through December 31, 1994. Cases were defined as residents with a VTE diagnosis at any NH assessment. For each case, we identified 2 age- and sex-matched controls, defined as NH residents who did not have VTE but were assessed in the year of the case's earliest VTE diagnosis (ie, index assessment). Cases and controls were compared for preindex assessment characteristics. Accuracy of MCMRP VTE ascertainment was explored by comparing MCMRP cases with members of the Rochester Epidemiology Project incident cohort who were objectively diagnosed with VTE from January 1, 1988, through December 31, 1994, while residing in an Olmsted County NH.Results: At the preindex assessment, cases were more likely than controls to have returned from hospital; to require assistance with grooming, toileting, transferring, bed positioning, or wheelchair use; or to need physical therapy, rehabilitation, clinical monitoring, or wound care and were less likely to have neurologic disease. There were 53 MCMRP VTE cases vs 161 Rochester Epidemiology Project NH VTE cases; the proportion with pulmonary embolism was 21% vs 62%; 1-year mortality was 24% vs 55%.Conclusion: Administrative data from NHs reveal important VTE risk factors not routinely documented in hospital or ambulatory records. However, ascertainment of VTE from NH administrative data appears biased toward surviving cases, highlighting concerns about using such data to assess provider quality and pointing to the need for studies that track individuals through multiple data sources across institutional settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

42. Temporal trends in prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort of incident myocardial infarction and impact of diabetes on survival.

Author

Gandhi GY, Roger VL, Bailey KR, Palumbo PJ, Ransom JE, and Leibson CL

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the temporal trends in prevalence of confirmed diabetes mellitus (DM), time from the date DM criteria were met to myocardial infarction (MI), and impact of DM on survival. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to identify residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, with incident MI from 1979 to 1998. The MI cases were characterized according to prevalent DM. Cases with and without DM were followed up for vital status until January 1, 2003. RESULTS: Of 2171 MI cases, 364 (17%) met criteria for prevalent DM. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression models, the odds of prevalent DM Increased 3% with each Increasing year between 1979 and 1998 (95% confidence Interval [CI], 1%-5%; P=.007). Survival for MI cases with DM was unchanged between 1979-1983 and 1994-1998 (P=.74). For all MI cases, age-, sex-, and DM-adjusted risk of death decreased 3% from 1979 to 1998 (95% CI, 1%-5%) per year for 28-day survival (P=.02) and 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%) per year for 5-year survival (P=.02). There was a significant adverse effect of DM on 5-year survival after MI (age-, sex-, and calendar year-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.38-2.09; P<.001). The adverse effect of DM persisted after adjusting for other cardiovascular disease risk factors, MI severity, and reperfusion therapy (hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.34-2.05; P<.001) and was unchanged over time (interaction between DM and calendar year, P=-.63). CONCLUSION: These data indicate that the prevalence of DM among patients with MI is increasing and that its adverse impact on survival after MI remains unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006

45. Predictive utility of atrial, N-terminal pro-atrial, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptides for mortality and cardiovascular events in the general community: a 9-year follow-up study.

Author

McKie PM, Cataliotti A, Sangaralingham SJ, Ichiki T, Cannone V, Bailey KR, Redfield MM, Rodeheffer RJ, Burnett JC Jr, McKie, Paul M, Cataliotti, Alessandro, Sangaralingham, S Jeson, Ichiki, Tomoko, Cannone, Valentina, Bailey, Kent R, Redfield, Margaret M, Rodeheffer, Richard J, and Burnett, John C Jr

Abstract

Objective: To determine the predictive value of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), N-terminal pro-ANP (NT-proANP), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for mortality and cardiovascular events in the general population in the absence of overt heart failure (HF).Participants and Methods: We identified a community-based cohort of 2042 individuals. Those with stage C or D HF (n=45) and renal insufficiency (n=6) were excluded from the current study. Of the remaining individuals, 1769 (89%) underwent echocardiography and measurement of plasma ANP, NT-proANP, and NT-proBNP. Participants were followed up from January 1, 1997, to May 1, 2009, for mortality, HF, myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accident; median follow-up was 9 years.Results: After adjustment for conventional clinical risk factors, NT-proANP had significant predictive value for mortality but not for HF, MI, or cerebrovascular accident, whereas ANP lacked any predictive value. The predictive value of NT-proANP for mortality was attenuated after adjustment for structural and functional cardiac abnormalities. In contrast, NT-proBNP had predictive value for mortality, HF, and MI after adjustment for conventional risk factors and retained significance for mortality and HF after adjustment for structural and functional cardiac abnormalities.Conclusion: Our results suggest that NT-proBNP is a more robust cardiac biomarker compared with ANP or NT-proANP and is independently predictive of mortality and HF in the general population free of overt HF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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47. The prognostic value of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide for death and cardiovascular events in healthy normal and stage A/B heart failure subjects.

Author

McKie PM, Cataliotti A, Lahr BD, Martin FL, Redfield MM, Bailey KR, Rodeheffer RJ, Burnett JC Jr, McKie, Paul M, Cataliotti, Alessandro, Lahr, Brian D, Martin, Fernando L, Redfield, Margaret M, Bailey, Kent R, Rodeheffer, Richard J, and Burnett, John C Jr

Abstract

Objectives: Our objective was to determine the prognostic value of plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for death and cardiovascular events among subjects without risk factors for heart failure (HF), which we term healthy normal.Background: Previous studies report that plasma NT-proBNP has prognostic value for cardiovascular events in the general population even in the absence of HF. It is unclear if NT-proBNP retains predictive value in healthy normal subjects.Methods: We identified a community-based cohort of 2,042 subjects in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Subjects with symptomatic (stage C/D) HF were excluded. The remaining 1,991 subjects underwent echocardiography and NT-proBNP measurement. We further defined healthy normal (n = 703) and stage A/B HF (n = 1,288) subgroups. Healthy normal was defined as the absence of traditional clinical cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic structural cardiac abnormalities. Subjects were followed for death, HF, cerebrovascular accident, and myocardial infarction with median follow-up of 9.1, 8.7, 8.8, and 8.9 years, respectively.Results: NT-proBNP was not predictive of death or cardiovascular events in the healthy normal subgroup. Similar to previous reports, in stage A/B HF, plasma NT-proBNP values greater than age-/sex-specific 80th percentiles were associated with increased risk of death, HF, cerebrovascular accident, and myocardial infarction (p < 0.001 for all) even after adjustment for clinical risk factors and structural cardiac abnormalities.Conclusions: These findings do not support the use of NT-proBNP as a cardiovascular biomarker in healthy normal subjects and have important implications for NT-proBNP-based strategies for early detection and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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48. Left atrial reservoir function as a potent marker for first atrial fibrillation or flutter in persons > or = 65 years of age.

Author

Abhayaratna WP, Fatema K, Barnes ME, Seward JB, Gersh BJ, Bailey KR, Casaclang-Verzosa G, Tsang TSM, Abhayaratna, Walter P, Fatema, Kaniz, Barnes, Marion E, Seward, James B, Gersh, Bernard J, Bailey, Kent R, Casaclang-Verzosa, Grace, and Tsang, Teresa S M

Abstract

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the incremental value of left atrial (LA) function for the prediction of risk for first atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter. Maximum and minimum LA volumes were quantitated by echocardiography in 574 adults (mean age 74 +/- 6 years, 52% men) without a history or evidence of atrial arrhythmia. During a mean follow-up period of 1.9 +/- 1.2 years, 30 subjects (5.2%) developed electrocardiographically confirmed AF or atrial flutter. Subjects with new AF or atrial flutter had lower LA reservoir function, as measured by total LA emptying fraction (38% vs 49%, p <0.0001) and higher maximum LA volumes (47 vs 40 ml/m(2), p = 0.005). An increase in age-adjusted risk for AF or atrial flutter was evident when the cohort was stratified according to medians of LA emptying fraction (< or =49%: hazard ratio 6.5, p = 0.001) and LA volume (> or =38 ml/m(2): hazard ratio 2.0, p = 0.07), with the risk being highest for subjects with concomitant LA emptying fractions < or =49% and LA volume > or =38 ml/m(2) (hazard ratio 9.3, p = 0.003). LA emptying fraction (p = 0.002) was associated with risk for first AF or atrial flutter after adjusting for baseline clinical risk factors for AF or atrial flutter, left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function grade, and LA volume. In conclusion, reduced LA reservoir function markedly increases the propensity for first AF or atrial flutter, independent of LA volume, left ventricular function, and clinical risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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49. Relationship between low bone mineral density and exercise-induced myocardial ischemia.

Author

From AM, Hyder JA, Kearns AM, Bailey KR, Pellikka PA, From, Aaron M, Hyder, Joseph A, Kearns, Ann M, Bailey, Kent R, and Pellikka, Patricia A

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and ischemic heart disease and exercise capacity, as assessed by stress testing.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed entries in the echocardiography database for 28,048 consecutive patients who underwent exercise echocardiography for standard clinical indications between August 1, 1998, and October 1, 2003, to determine which of these patients had also undergone dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure femoral neck BMD before the procedure. Of the 1194 patients meeting both criteria, 28 were excluded because of missing data and 24 because they were tested with an exercise protocol other than the Bruce protocol, leaving 1142 patients to be included.Results: Of the included study patients, 643 (56%) had a T score of -1.0 or less (mean age +/- SD, 67 +/- 0 years; 87% women), and 499 (44%) had a T score greater than -1.0 (60 +/- 10 years; 90% women). For every 1-unit decrease in femoral neck T score, a 0.23 minute decrease in treadmill exercise duration was observed, once values had been adjusted for age and other patient characteristics (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.35; P<.001). Furthermore, for every 1-unit decrease in T score, there was a 22% increased risk of myocardial ischemia after adjustments (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.41; P=.004). Overall, after adjustments, patients with a BMD of -1.0 or less who were referred for exercise echocardiography had a 43% greater risk of myocardial ischemia than did patients referred with normal BMD (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.06-1.94; P=.02).Conclusions: Lower BMD is associated with myocardial ischemia and decreased exercise capacity during exercise echocardiography. Persons with low BMD who present with symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular disease are more likely to have myocardial ischemia than are those with normal BMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007

50. Relation of arterial stiffness to left ventricular diastolic function and cardiovascular risk prediction in patients > or =65 years of age.

Author

Abhayaratna WP, Barnes ME, O'Rourke MF, Gersh BJ, Seward JB, Miyasaka Y, Bailey KR, Tsang TS, Abhayaratna, Walter P, Barnes, Marion E, O'Rourke, Michael F, Gersh, Bernard J, Seward, James B, Miyasaka, Yoko, Bailey, Kent R, and Tsang, Teresa S M

Abstract

There is a paucity of data regarding the relation between the various noninvasive indexes of arterial stiffness and left ventricular diastolic function. In 188 subjects aged > or =65 years (mean 75 +/- 5; 71% men), the concordance and strength of the association between measures of arterial stiffness and left ventricular diastolic function were evaluated. Indexes of arterial stiffness (brachial and aortic pulse pressure [PP], carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity [PWV], and augmentation pressure [AP]) were measured using applanation tonometry. Diastolic function was classified in terms of instantaneous diastolic function grade and quantitated as left atrial volume, a measure of chronic diastolic burden. Risk for new cardiovascular events was estimated using a validated clinical echocardiographic risk algorithm. Aortic and brachial PP, PWV, and AP were correlated positively with left atrial volume and diastolic function grade. After adjusting for age, gender, and clinical and echocardiographic covariates, 1-SD increases in aortic PP, brachial PP, PWV, and AP were associated with 6%, 6%, 4%, and 4% increases in indexed left atrial volume, respectively. Similarly, 1-SD increases in aortic PP, brachial PP, and AP were associated with 84%, 81%, and 83% increased risk for diastolic dysfunction, respectively (all p <0.04). PWV and aortic and brachial PP were superior to AP in discriminating subjects with the highest risk of having new cardiovascular events (5-year risk >50%; area under receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.67, 0.67, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively; p <0.05). In conclusion, increased arterial stiffness was associated with more severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, although the strength of the association varied according to the specific measure used. Aortic PP, brachial PP, and PWV appeared superior to AP in risk discrimination in this elderly cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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