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1. Masking for COVID-19 and other respiratory viral infections: implications of the available evidence

Author

Halperin, Daniel T, Doron, Shira, Hodgins, Stephen, Bailey, Robert C, Baral, Stefan, Bhatia, Rajiv, Noble, Jeanne, Gandhi, Monica, and Hearst, Norman

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Lung, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being
Abstract

The use of face masks has been widely promoted and at times mandated to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The 2023 publication of an updated Cochrane review on mask effectiveness for respiratory viruses as well as the unfolding epidemiology of COVID-19 underscore the need for an unbiased assessment of the current scientific evidence. It appears that the widespread promotion, adoption, and mandating of masking for COVID-19 were based not primarily on the strength of evidence for effectiveness but more on the imperative of decision-makers to act in the face of a novel public health emergency, with seemingly few good alternatives. Randomized clinical trials of masking for prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses have so far shown no evidence of benefit (with the possible exception of continuous use of N95 respirators by hospital workers). Observational studies provide lower-quality evidence and do not convincingly demonstrate benefit from masking or mask mandates. Unless robust new evidence emerges showing the effectiveness of masks in reducing infection or transmission risks in either trials or real-world conditions, mandates are not warranted for future epidemics of respiratory viral infections.

Published
2024

2. Induced paths in strongly regular graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Rowsell, Abigail K.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

This paper studies induced paths in strongly regular graphs. We give an elementary proof that a strongly regular graph contains a path $P_4$ as an induced subgraph if and only if it is primitive, i.e. it is neither a complete multipartite graph nor its complement. Also, we investigate when a strongly regular graph has an induced subgraph isomorphic to $P_5$ or its complement, considering several well-known families including Johnson and Kneser graphs, Hamming graphs, Latin square graphs, and block-intersection graphs of Steiner triple systems., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2023

3. A chair-stand time of greater than 15 seconds is associated with an increased risk of death and hospitalization in cirrhosis

Author

Nguyen, Vivian V, Wang, Sarah, Whitlock, Reid, Xu, Chelsea, Taneja, Sunil, Singh, Surender, Abraldes, Juan G, Burak, Kelly, Bailey, Robert J, Grab, Joshua D, Lai, Jennifer C, and Tandon, Puneeta

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, cirrhosis, frailty, mortality
Abstract

BackgroundFrailty is a clinical state of increased vulnerability and is common in patients with cirrhosis. The liver frailty index (LFI) is a validated tool to evaluate frailty in cirrhosis, comprising of grip strength, chair stands, and balance tests. The chair-stand test is an easy to conduct frailty subcomponent that does not require specialized equipment and may be valuable to predict adverse clinical outcomes in cirrhosis. The objective of this study was to determine if the chair-stand test is an independent predictor of mortality and hospitalization in cirrhosis.MethodsA retrospective review of 787 patients with cirrhosis was conducted. Chair-stand times were collected at baseline in person and divided into three groups: 15 seconds (n = 221). Fine-Gray proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between chair-stand times and the outcomes of mortality and non-elective hospitalization.ResultsThe hazard of mortality (HR 3.21, 95% CI 2.16%-4.78%, p 15 seconds had increased all-cause mortality (HR 2.78, 95% CI 2.01%-3.83%, p 15 seconds is independently associated with mortality and non-elective hospitalizations. This test holds promise as a rapid prognostication tool in cirrhosis. Future work will include external validation and virtual assessment in this population.

Published
2023

4. Decoding twisted permutation codes

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Nicholson, Keenan B.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Computer Science - Information Theory, Mathematics - Group Theory, 94B35, 20B99, 94B25, 05B40
Abstract

We consider twisted permutation codes, a class of frequency permutation arrays obtained from finite groups with multiple permutation representations of the same degree, introduced by Gillespie, Praeger and Spiga (and later studied by Akbari, Gillespie and Praeger), and develop a decoding algorithm for such codes based on earlier work of the first author for permutation group codes. In particular, we show how to implement this algorithm for an infinite family of groups considered by Akbari, Gillespie and Praeger., Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure

Published
2023

5. Block colourings of star systems

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Darijani, Iren

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

An $e$-star system of order $n$ is a decomposition of the complete graph $K_n$ into copies of the complete bipartite graph $K_{1,e}$ (or $e$-star). Such systems are known to exist if and only if $n\geq 2e$ and $e$ divides $\binom{n}{2}$. We consider block colourings of such systems, where each $e$-star is assigned a colour, and two $e$-stars which share a vertex receive different colours. We present a computer analysis of block colourings of small $3$-star systems. Furthermore, we prove that: (i) for $n\equiv 0,1$ mod $2e$ there exists either an $n$ or $(n-1)$-block colourable $e$-star system of order $n$; and (ii) when $e=3$, the same result holds in the remaining congruence classes mod $6$.

Published
2022

9. On the Classification of Binary Completely Transitive Codes with Almost-Simple Top-Group

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Hawtin, Daniel R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E18, 94B27, 20B25
Abstract

A code $C$ in the Hamming metric, that is, is a subset of the vertex set $V\varGamma$ of the Hamming graph $\varGamma=H(m,q)$, gives rise to a natural distance partition $\{C,C_1,\ldots,C_\rho\}$, where $\rho$ is the covering radius of $C$. Such a code $C$ is called completely transitive if the automorphism group $\rm{Aut}(C)$ acts transitively on each of the sets $C$, $C_1$, \ldots, $C_\rho$. A code $C$ is called $2$-neighbour-transitive if $\rho\geq 2$ and $\rm{Aut}(C)$ acts transitively on each of $C$, $C_1$ and $C_2$. Let $C$ be a completely transitive code in a binary ($q=2$) Hamming graph having full automorphism group $\rm{Aut}(C)$ and minimum distance $\delta\geq 5$. Then it is known that $\rm{Aut}(C)$ induces a $2$-homogeneous action on the coordinates of the vertices of the Hamming graph. The main result of this paper classifies those $C$ for which this induced $2$-homogeneous action is not an affine, linear or symplectic group. We find that there are $13$ such codes, $4$ of which are non-linear codes. Though most of the codes are well-known, we obtain several new results. First, a new non-linear completely transitive code is constructed, as well as a related non-linear code that is $2$-neighbour-transitive but not completely transitive. Moreover, new proofs of the complete transitivity of several codes are given. Additionally, we answer the question of the existence of distance-regular graphs related to the completely transitive codes appearing in our main result.

Published
2020

11. Revisiting COVID-19 policies: 10 evidence-based recommendations for where to go from here.

Author

Halperin, Daniel, Hearst, Norman, Hodgins, Stephen, Bailey, Robert, Klausner, Jeffrey, Jackson, Helen, Wamai, Richard, Ladapo, Joseph, Over, Mead, Baral, Stefan, Escandón, Kevin, and Gandhi, Monica

Subjects
COVID-19, Evidence-based recommendations, Harm reduction, Outdoor transmission, Pandemic, Pandemic preparedness, Policy, Public health, SARS-CoV-2, School closure, Vaccines, COVID-19, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Pandemics, Policy, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Strategies to control coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) have often been based on preliminary and limited data and have tended to be slow to evolve as new evidence emerges. Yet knowledge about COVID-19 has grown exponentially, and the expanding rollout of vaccines presents further opportunity to reassess the response to the pandemic more broadly. MAIN TEXT: We review the latest evidence concerning 10 key COVID-19 policy and strategic areas, specifically addressing: 1) the expansion of equitable vaccine distribution, 2) the need to ease restrictions as hospitalization and mortality rates eventually fall, 3) the advantages of emphasizing educational and harm reduction approaches over coercive and punitive measures, 4) the need to encourage outdoor activities, 5) the imperative to reopen schools, 6) the far-reaching and long-term economic and psychosocial consequences of sustained lockdowns, 7) the excessive focus on surface disinfection and other ineffective measures, 8) the importance of reassessing testing policies and practices, 9) the need for increasing access to outpatient therapies and prophylactics, and 10) the necessity to better prepare for future pandemics. CONCLUSIONS: While remarkably effective vaccines have engendered great hope, some widely held assumptions underlying current policy approaches call for an evidence-based reassessment. COVID-19 will require ongoing mitigation for the foreseeable future as it transforms from a pandemic into an endemic infection, but maintaining a constant state of emergency is not viable. A more realistic public health approach is to adjust current mitigation goals to be more data-driven and to minimize unintended harms associated with unfocused or ineffective control efforts. Based on the latest evidence, we therefore present recommendations for refining 10 key policy areas, and for applying lessons learned from COVID-19 to prevent and prepare for future pandemics.

Published
2021

15. On the 486-vertex distance-regular graphs of Koolen--Riebeek and Soicher

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Hawtin, Daniel R.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Mathematics - Group Theory, 05E30 (primary), 05C25, 20B25, 94B25, 51E05 (secondary)
Abstract

This paper considers three imprimitive distance-regular graphs with 486 vertices and diameter 4: the Koolen--Riebeek graph (which is bipartite), the Soicher graph (which is antipodal), and the incidence graph of a symmetric transversal design obtained from the affine geometry $\mathrm{AG}(5,3)$ (which is both). It is shown that each of these is preserved by the same rank-9 action of the group $3^5:(2\times M_{10})$, and the connection is explained using the ternary Golay code., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures

Published
2019

16. The Use of Clay Modeling to Increase High School Biology Vocabulary Learning

Author

Bailey, Robert, Kim, Daesang, Bochenko, Michael J., Yang, Changwoo, Dees, Dianne C., and Jung, Jiyoon

Abstract

Purpose: The paper explored the benefits as well as the concerns of vocabulary learning with clay modeling in terms of practical and pedagogical implications for creating positive learning experiences. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed-methods design was conducted to examine the effectiveness of vocabulary learning with clay modeling practices in lower socioeconomic status schools. Findings: Although test results showed no statistically significant differences between the groups, the clay modeling group did improve vocabulary acquisition similar to the sentence writing group. The students were actively engaged with hands-on activities using the clay and also demonstrated positive emotional, behavioral and physical experiences. Research limitations/implications: The addition of the clay modeling provided an opportunity for kinesthetic learning but created a high extraneous cognitive load with the challenges incurred through the use of clay. Practical implications: The challenges can be reduced by 1) adopting appropriate instructional strategies to design and implement effective clay modeling activities for students and teachers, 2) providing training or professional workshop development for teachers and 3) ongoing practical support and assistance for students. Social implications: Exploring the use of kinesthetic instructional practice at the high school level may prove beneficial since clay modeling is frequently used effectively at lower grade levels. Originality/value: The current study explores the added value of clay modeling for high school students' biology vocabulary learning in a lower socioeconomic status school from practical and pedagogical perspectives.

Published
2022
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21. On orthogonal matrices with zero diagonal

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Craigen, Robert

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 15B10, 05B20, 05C50, 15A18
Abstract

We consider real orthogonal $n\times n$ matrices whose diagonal entries are zero and off-diagonal entries nonzero, which we refer to as $\mathrm{OMZD}(n)$. We show that there exists an $\mathrm{OMZD}(n)$ if and only if $n\neq 1,\ 3$, and that a symmetric $\mathrm{OMZD}(n)$ exists if and only if $n$ is even and $n\neq 4$. We also give a construction of $\mathrm{OMZD}(n)$ obtained from doubly regular tournaments. Finally, we apply our results to determine the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues of matrices associated with some families of graphs, and consider the related notion of orthogonal matrices with partially-zero diagonal., Comment: 14 pages

Published
2018

24. List of contributors

Author

Abrams, Kelly J., primary, Adler-Milstein, Julia, additional, Al Braiki, Atif, additional, Al Hashemi, Hamed, additional, Allen, Katie S., additional, Aniekwe, Chinedu, additional, Ashebier, Eyasu, additional, Ayana, Gonfa, additional, Bailey, Robert F., additional, Barboi, Cristina, additional, Bashorun, Adebobola, additional, Ben-Assuli, Ofir, additional, Biondich, Paul G., additional, Boockvar, Kenneth S., additional, Bowie, Jack, additional, Broyles, David, additional, Crichton, Ryan, additional, Cusack, Caitlin M., additional, Dalhatu, Ibrahim, additional, Deeb, Ahmed, additional, Denekamp, Yaron, additional, Dixon, Brian E., additional, Duncan, Luke, additional, Feldman, Sue S., additional, Fillmore, Ammon R., additional, Fourie, Carl, additional, Franzosa, Emily, additional, G. Biondich, Paul, additional, Gibson, Candace J., additional, Gilliam, Nora J., additional, Goyal, Rahul, additional, Grannis, Shaun J., additional, Grout, Randall W., additional, Haque, Saira N., additional, Horrocks, David, additional, Jolliffe, Bob, additional, Jonnalagadda, Pallavi, additional, Kansky, John P., additional, Kanter, Andrew S., additional, Kariuki, James M., additional, Kendrick, David C., additional, Kharrazi, Hadi, additional, Kyabaggu, Ramona, additional, Lakinska, Bisera, additional, Lee, Li-Hui, additional, Mamlin, Burke W., additional, Manders, Eric-Jan, additional, Marc Overhage, J., additional, Martin, Erika G., additional, McFarlane, Timothy D., additional, McKinley, Carl D., additional, McPheeters, Melissa, additional, Menachemi, Nir, additional, Morgan, Teryn P., additional, Mumme, Bedri Ahmed, additional, Murie, Lisa A., additional, Negussie, Kalechristos Abebe, additional, Nøhr, Christian, additional, Nzelu, Charles, additional, Osumba, Martin, additional, P. Kansky, John, additional, Parker, Mitchell, additional, Petros, Asaminew, additional, Rahurkar, Saurabh, additional, Richardson, Drew, additional, Rogow, Todd M., additional, S. Allen, Katie, additional, Sæbø, Johan Ivar, additional, Schmidt, Thomas, additional, Sead, Minen, additional, Sembajwe, Rita, additional, Settle, Dykki, additional, Shivers, Jennifer, additional, Staes, Catherine J., additional, Tallman, Eileen F., additional, Tarver, Willi L., additional, Teesdale, Scott, additional, Tutt, Japjit Kaur, additional, Umberfield, Elizabeth E., additional, Valvi, Nimish, additional, Vest, Joshua R., additional, Weiner, Jonathan, additional, Wen, Hsyien-Chia, additional, Woldehanna, Dereje, additional, and Worzala, Chantal, additional

Published
2023
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25. Contributors

Author

Allan, J. David, primary, Anderson, Elizabeth P., additional, Asher, Eli, additional, Avila, Colton, additional, Bailey, Robert C., additional, Baustian, Joseph, additional, Benavides, Jude A., additional, Benke, Arthur C., additional, Bestgen, Kevin R., additional, Bouwes, Nick, additional, Braaten, Patrick J., additional, Brua, Robert B., additional, Burn, Christopher R., additional, Capps, Krista A., additional, Carpenter, Kristin, additional, Casper, Andrew F., additional, Castillo, María M., additional, Castro, Cyndi V., additional, Contreras-MacBeath, Topiltzin, additional, Costello, David M., additional, Culp, Joseph M., additional, Curry, R. Allen, additional, Delong, Michael D., additional, Déry, Stephen J., additional, Entrekin, Sally A., additional, Ford, Morgan A., additional, Frissell, Christopher, additional, Galat, David L., additional, Gido, Keith B., additional, Gray, Michelle A., additional, Gregory, Stanley V., additional, Greig, Hamish S., additional, Guy, Christopher, additional, Halliwell, Daryl B., additional, Harris, Phillip M., additional, Harrison, Audrey B., additional, Hartfield, Paul, additional, Hendricks, Susan P., additional, Hendrickson, Dean A., additional, Hoagstrom, Christopher, additional, Horton, Travis, additional, Jackson, John K., additional, Janetski, David J., additional, Jardine, Timothy D., additional, Jennings, Cecil A., additional, Johnston, Carol, additional, Jones, Leslie, additional, Justis, Catherine A., additional, Karges, John, additional, Kennedy, Theodore A., additional, Khoury, Mary L., additional, Kokkonen, Andrea L., additional, Kwak, Tom J., additional, Lamberti, Gary A., additional, Lamer, James T., additional, Larsen, Daniel, additional, Laske, Sarah M., additional, Lento, Jennifer, additional, Lindenschmidt, Karl-Erich, additional, Luiker, Eric A., additional, Martins, Eduardo G., additional, Mayes, Kevin B., additional, McCarthy, James H., additional, Mendez, Patina K., additional, Mendoza-Carranza, Manuel, additional, Metcalfe, Anya N., additional, Mickelson, Andrew, additional, Milner, Alexander M., additional, Monk, Wendy A., additional, Moore, Jonathan, additional, Moser, David, additional, Moyle, Peter B., additional, Muehlbauer, Jeffrey D., additional, Musetta-Lambert, Jordan L., additional, Ochs, Clifford A., additional, Patterson, David A., additional, Paukert, Craig, additional, Pease, Allison A., additional, Perkin, Joshuah S., additional, Phillips, Iain, additional, Piazza, Bryan P., additional, Platania, Steven P., additional, Pomeroy, John, additional, Ratliff, Don, additional, Reeves, Gordon, additional, Resh, Vincent H., additional, Rifai, Hanadi S., additional, Rodiles-Hernández, Rocío, additional, Roy, Allison H., additional, Samways, Kurt M., additional, Scott, Mark C., additional, Searle, Peter C., additional, Sharpe, Ciara, additional, Shiozawa, Dennis K., additional, Smock, Leonard A., additional, Spurgeon, Jonathan J., additional, Stanford, Jack A., additional, Theiling, Charles H., additional, Thompson, Audrey, additional, Thoms, Martin C., additional, Tilden, Samantha A., additional, Vaughn, Caryn C., additional, Ward, Amelia K., additional, Ward, G. Milton, additional, Westbrook, Cherie, additional, White, David S., additional, Whitledge, Gregory W., additional, Williams, Richard N., additional, and Zimmerman, Christian E., additional

Published
2023
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29. Metric dimension of dual polar graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Spiga, Pablo

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E30, 05C12, 51A20, 51E20
Abstract

A resolving set for a graph $\Gamma$ is a collection of vertices $S$, chosen so that for each vertex $v$, the list of distances from $v$ to the members of $S$ uniquely specifies $v$. The metric dimension $\mu(\Gamma)$ is the smallest size of a resolving set for $\Gamma$. We consider the metric dimension of the dual polar graphs, and show that it is at most the rank over $\mathbb{R}$ of the incidence matrix of the corresponding polar space. We then compute this rank to give an explicit upper bound on the metric dimension of dual polar graphs, as well as the halved dual polar graphs., Comment: 10 pages; new expanded version now also considers halved dual polar graphs

Published
2017

30. On the metric dimension of incidence graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E30, 05C12, 05B05, 51E21
Abstract

A resolving set for a graph $\Gamma$ is a collection of vertices $S$, chosen so that for each vertex $v$, the list of distances from $v$ to the members of $S$ uniquely specifies $v$. The metric dimension $\mu(\Gamma)$ is the smallest size of a resolving set for $\Gamma$. We consider the metric dimension of two families of incidence graphs: incidence graphs of symmetric designs, and incidence graphs of symmetric transversal designs (i.e. symmetric nets). These graphs are the bipartite distance-regular graphs of diameter $3$, and the bipartite, antipodal distance-regular graphs of diameter $4$, respectively. In each case, we use the probabilistic method in the manner used by Babai to obtain bounds on the metric dimension of strongly regular graphs, and are able to show that $\mu(\Gamma)=O(\sqrt{n}\log n)$ (where $n$ is the number of vertices)., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2017

31. Patient and provider perspectives on pain management during manual vacuum aspiration.

Author

Gwer, Stephen, Samenjo, Karlheinz, Bailey, Robert C., Imbamba, Javan, Odenyo, Stella, Koksal, Erin, Diehl, Jan-Carel, and Ramanathan, Aparna

Subjects
CONSCIOUSNESS, STATISTICAL sampling, PILOT projects, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, DISCHARGE planning, VACUUM curettage, SYRINGES, PRE-tests & post-tests, OBSTETRICAL analgesia, ATTITUDES of medical personnel, PAIN management, ANESTHESIA in obstetrics, PATIENT satisfaction, PATIENTS' attitudes, ABORTION
Abstract

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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33. Error-correcting codes from $k$-resolving sets

Author

Bailey, Robert F. and Yero, Ismael G.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C12, 94B25, 05B40, 94B35
Abstract

We demonstrate a construction of error-correcting codes from graphs by means of $k$-resolving sets, and present a decoding algorithm which makes use of covering designs. Along the way, we determine the $k$-metric dimension of grid graphs (i.e. Cartesian products of paths)., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures

Published
2016

36. Validation of a novel medical device (Chloe SED®) for the administration of analgesia during manual vacuum aspiration: a randomized controlled non-inferiority pilot study.

Author

Ramanathan, Aparna, Samenjo, Karlheinz Tondo, Bailey, Robert C., Imbamba, Javan, Odenyo, Stella, Koksal, Erin, Diehl, Jan Carel, Omoto, Jackton, and Gwer, Stephen

Subjects
PAIN measurement, T-test (Statistics), RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, PILOT projects, BLIND experiment, CLINICAL trials, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, VACUUM curettage, ANESTHESIA equipment, ANESTHESIA in obstetrics, PAIN management, MEDICAL equipment reliability, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis software, PATIENT satisfaction
Abstract

Introduction: Millions of women worldwide annually undergo manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) with no pain medication, which is a violation of their basic human dignity. We designed a novel device (Chloe SED®) to administer paracervical block (PCB) during MVA in countries where pain medication is not typically given due to the high cost of the necessary tools. Methods: We conducted a single-blinded, randomized controlled non-inferiority trial including 61 patients at two hospitals in Kisumu, Kenya, to validate Chloe SED® for administration of PCB during MVA. PCB administered with Chloe SED® was compared to PCB administered with a standard spinal needle. Patients requiring MVA were block randomized in blocks of six, each provider completing six PCBs--three with the Chloe SED® and three with the standard spinal needle. The trial was registered with the Kenya Pharmacy and Poisons Board, ECCT/19/03/01 (https://ctr.pharmacyboardkenya.org/applications/index/protocol_no: RUNDVC8xOS8wMy8wMQ__/filter:/investigator:/sites:/pages:5/start_date:/end_ date:/disease_condition:/users:/ercs:/stages). An intention-to-treat analysis was completed. The primary outcome was the non-inferiority of the pain score during uterine evacuation with a non-inferiority margin of 2 points on an 11-point numerical rating scale. Secondary outcomes included the non-inferiority of the pain score at four other time points and patient satisfaction. Results: Chloe SED® showed non-inferiority of the primary outcome with a mean pain score during evacuation of 3.8 [90% confidence interval (CI): 3.1-4.6] compared with the spinal needle at 4.1 (90% CI: 3.5-4.7). Non-inferiority of the pain score was shown at all time points. Most patients expressed a desire for the continued use of the device toadministerPCBforMVA.Noadverse eventswere noted. Conclusion: In summary, the Chloe SED® appears non-inferior to the spinal needle and desirable for the administration of PCB during MVA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Selonsertib for patients with bridging fibrosis or compensated cirrhosis due to NASH: Results from randomized phase III STELLAR trials

Author

Gadano, Adrian, Martins, Marcelo, Angus, Peter, Bate, John, Danta, Mark, George, Jacob, Hodge, Alexander, Kontorinis, Nickolas, Roberts, Stuart, Sanagapalli, Santosh, Skoien, Richard, Thompson, Alexander, Zekry, Amany, Stauber, Rudolf, Trauner, Michael, Moreno, Christophe, Reynaert, Hendrik, Verbeke, Len, Silva, Mario Reis Alvares da, Parise, Edison, Oliveira, Claudia Pinto Marques Souza de, Araujo, Roberta Chaves, Martinelli, Ana de Lourdes Candolo, Borman, Meredith, Chandok, Natasha, Elkhashab, Magdy, Fraser, Hughie, Kaita, Kelly, Ma, Mang, Marotta, Paul, Ramji, Alnoor, Tam, Edward, Yoshida, Eric, Swain, Mark, Sebastiani, Giada, Petrunia, Denis, Abergel, Armando, Anty, Rodolphe, Bourlière, Marc, Boursier, Jérôme, Bureau, Christophe, Castera, Laurent, Habersetzer, François, Hézode, Christophe, Ledinghen, Victor De, Leroy, Vincent, Loustaud-Ratti, Véronique, Mathurin, Philippe, Pol, Stanislas, Zoulim, Fabien, Hinrichsen, Holger, Ingiliz, Patrick, Lammert, Frank, Manns, Michael, Schattenberg, Jörn, Schiefke, Ingolf, Trautwein, Christian, Zeuzem, Stefan, Hui, Aric, Li, King-Kong, Wong, Vincent, Acharya, Subrat, Chowdhury, Abhijit, Duseja, Ajay, Kapoor, Dharmesh, Mukewar, Shrikant, Sarin, Shiv, Shah, Samir, Shalimar, Sood, Ajit, Tantry, BV, Ben-Ari, Ziv, Katchman, Helena, Safadi, Rifaat, Veitsman, Ella, Zuckerman, Eli, Brunetto, Maurizia, Lampertico, Pietro, Mangia, Alessandra, Akahane, Takemi, Akuta, Norio, Eguchi, Yuichiro, Fujiyama, Shigetoshi, Genda, Takuya, Hiasa, Yoichi, Ido, Akio, Ikeda, Fusao, Ikegami, Tadashi, Imajo, Kento, Itoh, Yoshito, Iwasa, Motoh, Karino, Yoshiyasu, Kato, Naoya, Kawaguchi, Takumi, Kawanaka, Miwa, Kido, Masahiro, Kobayashi, Tomoo, Kurosaki, Masayuki, Matsuzaki, Yasushi, Mita, Eiji, Mizukoshi, Eishiro, Nakahara, Takashi, Nomura, Hideyuki, Notsumata, Kazuo, Okanoue, Takeshi, Saito, Satoshi, Sakugawa, Hiroshi, Suzuki, Yoshiyuki, Takaguchi, Koichi, Takaki, Akinobu, Takashima, Tomoyuki, Tanaka, Saiyu, Tsuji, Keiji, Ueno, Yoshiyuki, Umemura, Takeji, Uto, Hirofumi, Yamashita, Nobuyuki, Yanase, Mikio, Yatsuhashi, Hiroshi, Yoneda, Masashi, Chan, Wah Kheong, Tan, Soek Siam, Garza, Laura Cisneros, Ladron De Guevara Cetina, Alma, Angeles, Rocio Guadalupe Vargas, Silva, Francisca Martinez, Van Erpecum, Karel, Orr, David, Jabłkowski, Maciej, Jaroszewicz, Jerzy, Ramos, Jose, Ahmed, Taufique, Ang, Tiing, Dan, Yock young, Goh, Boon Bee, Kaliyaperumal, Kalaiyarasi, Yip, Cherng Hann, Baik, Soon Koo, Jang, Byoung Kuk, Jun, Dae Won, Kim, Won, Kim, Hyung Joon, Kim, Ji Hoon, Lee, Kwan Sik, Lee, Chun Kyon, Lim, Young-Suk, Park, Jun Yong, Tak, Won Young, Augustin, Salvador, Perez, Salvador Benlloch, Caballeria, Juan, Luis, Jose, Panero, Calleja, Rodríguez, Jose Carrión, Garcia, Javier Crespo, Samaniego, Javier Garcia, Gibert, Pere Ginès, Prieto, Martin, Gomez, Manuel Romero, Turnes, Juan, Dufour, Jean-Francois, Moriggia, Alberto, Sheen, I-Shyan, Kao, Jia-Horng, Cheng, Pin-Nan, Huang, Jee-Fu, Yang, Sheng-Shun, Su, Wei-Wen, Chen, Chi-Yi, Chien, Rong-Nan, Lo, Gin-Ho, Chu, Chi-Jen, Wang, Horng-Yuan, Hu, Jui-Ting, Huang, Yi Wen, Agarwal, Kosh, Allison, Michael, Anstee, Quentin, Austin, Andrew, Fowell, Andrew, Ch'ng, Chin Lye, Manousou, Pinelopi, Newsome, Philip, Ryder, Stephen, Shankar, Arun, Abdelmalek, Manal, Abrams, Gary, Aguilar, Humberto, Alam, Imtiaz, Alba, Laura, Alkhouri, Naim, Allen, Alina, Aqel, Bashar, Balart, Luis, Barritt, A. Sidney, IV, Behari, Jaideep, Bennett, Michael, Bernstein, David, Bhandari, Bal Raj, Bonacini, Maurizio, Borg, Brian, Brown, Kimberly, Bzowej, Natalie, Caldwell, Stephen, Chami, Tawfik, Coates, Allan, Cueli, Adolfo, Davis, Mitchell, deLemos, Andrew, Desai, Archita, Dunn, Winston, Ferreira, Nelson, Fine, Michael, Firpi-Morell, Roberto, Freedland, Curtis, Freilich, Bradley, Fuchs, Michael, Galambos, Michael, Gallegos-Orozco, Juan, Galler, Greg, Ghali, Maged, Ghalib, Reem, Gill, Satinder, Gillis, Marcum, Gilroy, Richard, Gordon, Stuart, Gunn, Nadege, Halegoua-DeMarzio, Dina, Hassan, Mohamed, Hassanein, Tarek, Herring, Robert, Jr., Hong, John, Huang, Jonathan, Kabler, Heidi, Kayali, Zeid, Knapple, Whitfield, Kolli, Geetha, Kowdley, Kris, Krause, Richard, Lawitz, Eric, Lidofsky, Steven, Lim, Joseph, Lipkis, Donald, Loomba, Rohit, Mahgoub, Amar, Malespin, Miguel, Manch, Richard, Mannis, Steven, Manos, Paul, McDonald, Thomas, McKenzie, Mark, Mena, Edward, Merriman, Raphael, Moehlen, Martin William, Montgomery, Richard, Murphy, Robert, Natarajan, Yamini, Neff, Guy, Noureddin, Mazen, Ortiz-Lasanta, Grisell, Pagadala, Mangesh, Patel, Keyur, Patton, Heather, Peyton, Adam, Pimstone, Neville, Poulos, John, Pound, David, Pyrsopoulos, Nikolaos, Rafiq, Nila, Ravendhran, Natarajan, Ravinuthala, Ravi, Reddy, K. Rajendar, Reindollar, Robert, Reynolds, Justin, Rinella, Mary, Rizvi, Syed, Rockey, Don, Rodriguez-Perez, Federico, Ruane, Peter, Rubin, Raymond, Ryan, Michael, Saeian, Kia, Sanyal, Arun, Sarkar, Souvik, Scanga, Andrew, Schiff, Eugene, Schmidt, Warren, Schneider, Jeffrey, Sepe, Thomas, Shah, Dhiren, Shaikh, Obaid, Shankar, Uday, Sheikh, Aasim, Sheikh, Muhammad, Sherman, Kenneth, Shiffman, Mitchell, Siddique, Asma, Smith, Matthew, Suarez, Rosa, Talal, Andrew, Te, Helen, Tekola, Bezawit, Tetri, Brent, Thuluvath, Paul, Toro, Doris, Torres, Dawn, Trinh, Huy, Trotter, James, Vento, Angel, Vierling, John, Vuppalanchi, Raj, Waters, Michael, Weisberg, Ilan, Wieland, Amanda, Williams, Alonzo, Younes, Ziad, Adams, Leon, Harding, Damian, Hodge, Alex, Kontorinis, Nick, Strasser, Simone, Thompson, Alex, Horsmans, Yves, Steenkiste, Christophe Van, Bailey, Robert, Giard, Jeanne-Marie, Montano-Loza, Aldo, Puglia, Marco, Tsoi, Keith, Larrey, Dominique, Nguyen-Khac, Eric, Ratziu, Vlad, Spengler, Ulrich, Wiegand, Johannes, Hui, Aric Josun, Acharya, Subrat Kumar, Sarin, Shiv Kumar, Tantry, Vishwanath, Braun, Marius, Hazzan, Rawi, Lurie, Yoav, Colombo, Massimo, Fujii, Hideki, Hashimoto, Etsuko, Kato, Masaki, Ogawa, Koji, Takehara, Tetsuo, Tokushige, Katsutoshi, Garza, Laura Esthela Cisneros, Ladrón De Guevara, Alma Laura, Schultz, Michael, Janczewska, Ewa, Toro, Doris H., Jeong, Sook-Hyang, Kim, Yoon Jun, Lee, Jin-Woo, Ang, Tiing Leong, Bee, George Goh Boon, Benlloch, Salvador, Caballería, Juan, Calleja, José Luis, Rodríguez, Jose A. Carrión, Crespo, Javier, Diago, Moises, Fernandez-Rodriguez, Conrado, García-Samaniego, Javier, Ginès, Pere, Romero, Manuel, Dufour, Jean-François, Alazawi, William, Ch'ng, Chin-Lye, Forton, Daniel, Priest, Matthew, Sheridan, David, Ankoma-Sey, Victor, Balakrishnan, Maya, Bambha, Kiran, Barritt, A. Sidney, Bhandari, Bal, Brandman, Danielle, Chang, Charissa, Corey, Kathleen, Feldman, Michael, Gholam, Pierre, Goff, John, Marzio, Dina Halegoua-De, Harrison, Stephen, Hellstern, Paul, Jr., Herring, Robert, Iyer, Rajalakshmi, Jakiche, Antoine, Kohli, Anita, Krok, Karen, Kugelmas, Marcelo, Kumar, Sonal, Lai, Michelle, Mahmoud, Mitchell, Mantry, Parvez, Marsano, Luis, Nguyen, Tuan, Park, James, Patton, Heather M., Pockros, Paul, Reddy, Rajender, Rodriguez, Miguel, Sarles, Harry, Satapathy, Sanjaya, Sedghi, Shahriar, Shah, Nikunj, Sheikh, Muhammad Yasin, Sigal, Samuel, Stanca, Carmen, Steinbook, Michael, Szabo, Gyongyi, Terrault, Norah, Tong, Myron, Victor, David, Zervos, Xaralambos, Harrison, Stephen A., Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun, Caldwell, Stephen H., Shiffman, Mitchell L., Camargo, Marianne, Li, Georgia, Kersey, Kathryn, Jia, Catherine, Zhu, Yanni, Djedjos, C. Stephen, Subramanian, G. Mani, Myers, Robert P., Anstee, Quentin M., Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Goodman, Zachary, Lawitz, Eric J., and Younossi, Zobair

Published
2020
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40. On generalized Howell designs with block size three

Author

Abel, R. Julian R., Bailey, Robert F., Burgess, Andrea C., Danziger, Peter, and Mendelsohn, Eric

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Primary: 05B07, 05B15, Secondary: 05B40, 94B25
Abstract

In this paper, we examine a class of doubly resolvable combinatorial objects. Let $t, k, \lambda, s$ and $v$ be nonnegative integers, and let $X$ be a set of $v$ symbols. A generalized Howell design, denoted $t$-$GHD_{k}(s,v;\lambda)$, is an $s\times s$ array, each cell of which is either empty or contains a $k$-set of symbols from $X$, called a block, such that: (i) each symbol appears exactly once in each row and in each column (i.e.\ each row and column is a resolution of $X$); (ii) no $t$-subset of elements from $X$ appears in more than $\lambda$ cells. Particular instances of the parameters correspond to Howell designs, doubly resolvable balanced incomplete block designs (including Kirkman squares), doubly resolvable nearly Kirkman triple systems, and simple orthogonal multi-arrays (which themselves generalize mutually orthogonal Latin squares). Generalized Howell designs also have connections with permutation arrays and multiply constant-weight codes. In this paper, we concentrate on the case that $t=2$, $k=3$ and $\lambda=1$, and write $GHD(s,v)$. In this case, the number of empty cells in each row and column falls between 0 and $(s-1)/3$. Previous work has considered the existence of GHDs on either end of the spectrum, with at most 1 or at least $(s-2)/3$ empty cells in each row or column. In the case of one empty cell, we correct some results of Wang and Du, and show that there exists a $GHD(n+1,3n)$ if and only if $n \geq 6$, except possibly for $n=6$. In the case of two empty cells, we show that there exists a $GHD(n+2,3n)$ if and only if $n \geq 6$. Noting that the proportion of cells in a given row or column of a $GHD(s,v)$ which are empty falls in the interval $[0,1/3)$, we prove that for any $\pi \in [0,5/18]$, there is a $GHD(s,v)$ whose proportion of empty cells in a row or column is arbitrarily close to $\pi$., Comment: 31 pages; 1 figure; 2 appendices

Published
2015

41. Enrolment characteristics associated with retention among HIV negative Kenyan gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men enrolled in the Anza Mapema cohort study

Author

Kunzweiler, Colin, Bailey, Robert C., Okall, Duncan O., Graham, Susan M., Mehta, Supriya D., Nyunya, Boaz Otieno, Djomand, Gaston, and Otieno, Fredrick O.

Subjects
Evaluation, Prevention, Health aspects, HIV infections -- Prevention, MSM (Men who have sex with men) -- Health aspects, AIDS research, Public health administration -- Evaluation
Abstract

1 | INTRODUCTION Studies conducted throughout sub-Saharan Africa demonstrate that gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) have HIV prevalence rates two to four times higher [...], Introduction: Most gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) live in rights-constrained environments making retaining them in research to be as hard as recruiting them. To evaluate Anza Mapema, an HIV risk-reduction programme in Kisumu, Kenya, we examined the enrolment sociodemographic, behavioural, psychosocial and clinical factors associated with missing two or more follow-up visits for GBMSM participating in Anza Mapema. Methods: Between August 2015 and November 2017, GBMSM were enrolled and followed in a prospective cohort study with quarterly visits over 12 months. At enrolment, men were tested for HIV and sexually transmitted infections and completed questionnaires via audio computer-assisted self-interview. Because the Kenya Ministry of Health recommends HIV testing every three to six months for GBMSM, the retention outcome in this cross sectional analysis was defined as missing two consecutive follow-up visits (vs. not missing two or more consecutive visits). Multivariable logistic regression estimated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations of the enrolment characteristics with the binary outcome of retention. Results and discussion: Among 609 enrolled HIV-negative GBMSM, the median age was 23 years (interquartile range, 21 to 28 years), 19.0% had completed Conclusions: One in five men missed two consecutive follow-up visits during this HIV prevention study despite intensive retention efforts and compensation for travel and participation. Participants with recent community arrival may require specia support to optimize their retention in HIV prevention activities. Live-in partners of participants may be enlisted to support greater engagement in prevention programmes, and men who engage in transactional sex will need enhanced counselling and support to stay in longitudinal studies. Keywords: gay and bisexual men who have sex with men; GBMSM; care and treatment; cohort study; missed follow-up visits; retention; HIV; HIV negative; Kenya

Published
2020
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43. Drosophila Muller F Elements Maintain a Distinct Set of Genomic Properties Over 40 Million Years of Evolution

Author

Leung, Wilson, Shaffer, Christopher D, Reed, Laura K, Smith, Sheryl T, Barshop, William, Dirkes, William, Dothager, Matthew, Lee, Paul, Wong, Jeannette, Xiong, David, Yuan, Han, Bedard, James EJ, Machone, Joshua F, Patterson, Seantay D, Price, Amber L, Turner, Bryce A, Robic, Srebrenka, Luippold, Erin K, McCartha, Shannon R, Walji, Tezin A, Walker, Chelsea A, Saville, Kenneth, Abrams, Marita K, Armstrong, Andrew R, Armstrong, William, Bailey, Robert J, Barberi, Chelsea R, Beck, Lauren R, Blaker, Amanda L, Blunden, Christopher E, Brand, Jordan P, Brock, Ethan J, Brooks, Dana W, Brown, Marie, Butzler, Sarah C, Clark, Eric M, Clark, Nicole B, Collins, Ashley A, Cotteleer, Rebecca J, Cullimore, Peterson R, Dawson, Seth G, Docking, Carter T, Dorsett, Sasha L, Dougherty, Grace A, Downey, Kaitlyn A, Drake, Andrew P, Earl, Erica K, Floyd, Trevor G, Forsyth, Joshua D, Foust, Jonathan D, Franchi, Spencer L, Geary, James F, Hanson, Cynthia K, Harding, Taylor S, Harris, Cameron B, Heckman, Jonathan M, Holderness, Heather L, Howey, Nicole A, Jacobs, Dontae A, Jewell, Elizabeth S, Kaisler, Maria, Karaska, Elizabeth A, Kehoe, James L, Koaches, Hannah C, Koehler, Jessica, Koenig, Dana, Kujawski, Alexander J, Kus, Jordan E, Lammers, Jennifer A, Leads, Rachel R, Leatherman, Emily C, Lippert, Rachel N, Messenger, Gregory S, Morrow, Adam T, Newcomb, Victoria, Plasman, Haley J, Potocny, Stephanie J, Powers, Michelle K, Reem, Rachel M, Rennhack, Jonathan P, Reynolds, Katherine R, Reynolds, Lyndsey A, Rhee, Dong K, Rivard, Allyson B, Ronk, Adam J, Rooney, Meghan B, Rubin, Lainey S, Salbert, Luke R, Saluja, Rasleen K, Schauder, Taylor, Schneiter, Allison R, Schulz, Robert W, Smith, Karl E, Spencer, Sarah, Swanson, Bryant R, Tache, Melissa A, Tewilliager, Ashley A, Tilot, Amanda K, VanEck, Eve, and Villerot, Matthew M

Subjects
Human Genome, Genetics, Animals, Codon, Computational Biology, DNA Transposable Elements, Drosophila, Drosophila Proteins, Drosophila melanogaster, Evolution, Molecular, Exons, Gene Rearrangement, Genome, Genomics, Heterochromatin, Introns, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polytene Chromosomes, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Selection, Genetic, Species Specificity, codon bias, evolution of heterochromatin, gene size, melting characteristics, transposons
Abstract

The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we manually improved the sequence and annotated the genes on the D. erecta, D. mojavensis, and D. grimshawi F elements and euchromatic domains from the Muller D element. We find that F elements have greater transposon density (25-50%) than euchromatic reference regions (3-11%). Among the F elements, D. grimshawi has the lowest transposon density (particularly DINE-1: 2% vs. 11-27%). F element genes have larger coding spans, more coding exons, larger introns, and lower codon bias. Comparison of the Effective Number of Codons with the Codon Adaptation Index shows that, in contrast to the other species, codon bias in D. grimshawi F element genes can be attributed primarily to selection instead of mutational biases, suggesting that density and types of transposons affect the degree of local heterochromatin formation. F element genes have lower estimated DNA melting temperatures than D element genes, potentially facilitating transcription through heterochromatin. Most F element genes (~90%) have remained on that element, but the F element has smaller syntenic blocks than genome averages (3.4-3.6 vs. 8.4-8.8 genes per block), indicating greater rates of inversion despite lower rates of recombination. Overall, the F element has maintained characteristics that are distinct from other autosomes in the Drosophila lineage, illuminating the constraints imposed by a heterochromatic milieu.

Published
2015

44. The metric dimension of small distance-regular and strongly regular graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E30, 05C12, 05C25, 20B40, 05-04
Abstract

A {\em resolving set} for a graph $\Gamma$ is a collection of vertices $S$, chosen so that for each vertex $v$, the list of distances from $v$ to the members of $S$ uniquely specifies $v$. The {\em metric dimension} of $\Gamma$ is the smallest size of a resolving set for $\Gamma$. A graph is {\em distance-regular} if, for any two vertices $u,v$ at each distance $i$, the number of neighbours of $v$ at each possible distance from $u$ (i.e. $i-1$, $i$ or $i+1$) depends only on the distance $i$, and not on the choice of vertices $u,v$. The class of distance-regular graphs includes all distance-transitive graphs and all strongly regular graphs. In this paper, we present the results of computer calculations which have found the metric dimension of all distance-regular graphs on up to 34 vertices, low-valency distance transitive graphs on up to 100 vertices, strongly regular graphs on up to 45 vertices, rank-$3$ strongly regular graphs on under 100 vertices, as well as certain other distance-regular graphs., Comment: 17 pages, 15 tables

Published
2013

45. On the metric dimension of imprimitive distance-regular graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05E30, 05C12
Abstract

A resolving set for a graph $\Gamma$ is a collection of vertices $S$, chosen so that for each vertex $v$, the list of distances from $v$ to the members of $S$ uniquely specifies $v$. The metric dimension of $\Gamma$ is the smallest size of a resolving set for $\Gamma$. Much attention has been paid to the metric dimension of distance-regular graphs. Work of Babai from the early 1980s yields general bounds on the metric dimension of primitive distance-regular graphs in terms of their parameters. We show how the metric dimension of an imprimitive distance-regular graph can be related to that of its halved and folded graphs, but also consider infinite families (including Taylor graphs and the incidence graphs of certain symmetric designs) where more precise results are possible., Comment: 21 pages

Published
2013

46. Planet Hunters. VI: An Independent Characterization of KOI-351 and Several Long Period Planet Candidates from the Kepler Archival Data

Author

Schmitt, Joseph R., Wang, Ji, Fischer, Debra A., Jek, Kian J., Moriarty, John C., Boyajian, Tabetha S., Schwamb, Megan E., Lintott, Chris, Lynn, Stuart, Smith, Arfon M., Parrish, Michael, Schawinski, Kevin, Simpson, Robert, LaCourse, Daryll, Omohundro, Mark R., Winarski, Troy, Goodman, Samuel Jon, Jebson, Tony, Schwengeler, Hans Martin, Paterson, David A., Sejpka, Johann, Terentev, Ivan, Jacobs, Tom, Alsaadi, Nawar, Bailey, Robert C., Ginman, Tony, Granado, Pete, Guttormsen, Kristoffer Vonstad, Mallia, Franco, Papillon, Alfred L., Rossi, Franco, and Socolovsky, Miguel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of 14 new transiting planet candidates in the Kepler field from the Planet Hunters citizen science program. None of these candidates overlapped with Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) at the time of submission. We report the discovery of one more addition to the six planet candidate system around KOI-351, making it the only seven planet candidate system from Kepler. Additionally, KOI-351 bears some resemblance to our own solar system, with the inner five planets ranging from Earth to mini-Neptune radii and the outer planets being gas giants; however, this system is very compact, with all seven planet candidates orbiting $\lesssim 1$ AU from their host star. A Hill stability test and an orbital integration of the system shows that the system is stable. Furthermore, we significantly add to the population of long period transiting planets; periods range from 124-904 days, eight of them more than one Earth year long. Seven of these 14 candidates reside in their host star's habitable zone., Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, Accepted to AJ (in press) (updated title from original astro-ph submission)

Published
2013
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49. Resolving sets for Johnson and Kneser graphs

Author

Bailey, Robert F., Cáceres, José, Garijo, Delia, González, Antonio, Márquez, Alberto, Meagher, Karen, and Puertas, María Luz

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C12, 05E30, 05B05, 51E14
Abstract

A set of vertices $S$ in a graph $G$ is a {\em resolving set} for $G$ if, for any two vertices $u,v$, there exists $x\in S$ such that the distances $d(u,x) \neq d(v,x)$. In this paper, we consider the Johnson graphs $J(n,k)$ and Kneser graphs $K(n,k)$, and obtain various constructions of resolving sets for these graphs. As well as general constructions, we show that various interesting combinatorial objects can be used to obtain resolving sets in these graphs, including (for Johnson graphs) projective planes and symmetric designs, as well as (for Kneser graphs) partial geometries, Hadamard matrices, Steiner systems and toroidal grids., Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

Published
2012
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50. A note on packing spanning trees in graphs and bases in matroids

Author

Bailey, Robert F., Newman, Mike, and Stevens, Brett

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B35, 05C05, 68M10, 90B25
Abstract

We consider the class of graphs for which the edge connectivity is equal to the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees, and the natural generalization to matroids, where the cogirth is equal to the number of disjoint bases. We provide descriptions of such graphs and matroids, showing that such a graph (or matroid) has a unique decomposition. In the case of graphs, our results are relevant for certain communication protocols., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Supersedes arXiv:1012.2478

Published
2012

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