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Dongle Liu,1– 3 Honglei Li,1– 3 Simeng Zheng,1– 3 Jiajun Sun,1– 3 Huiran Bai,1– 3 Xiaoming Wu1– 3 1Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoming Wu, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yanerdao Road, Qingdao, 266000, People’s Republic of China, Email wuxiaominglmm@126.comObjective: To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in a mix-and-match approach or bilateral implantation.Methods: In this prospective study, patients were split into two groups based on the types of IOLs implanted. The mix group received mix-and-match implantation of a LENTIS Mplus LS-313 +1.50D IOL in the dominant eye and a LENTIS Mplus LS-313 +3.0D IOL in the fellow eye. The bilateral group received bilateral implantation of LENTIS Mplus LS-313 +3.00D IOLs. A three-month follow-up was performed after the surgery. Binocular visual acuity at various distances, subjective refraction and defocus curves were assessed. Subjective questionnaires included the overall satisfaction, a self-assessment of visual quality, spectacle independence, and presence of photic phenomena were completed.Results: The study was completed by 52 patients in total (25 mix-and-match, 27 bilateral). The mean binocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity in the mix group and the bilateral group were 0.10 ± 0.12 logMAR and 0.23 ± 0.14 logMAR, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference (P = 0.005). The mix group performed better in intermediate vision (range: − 1.00 to − 2.00 D) than the bilateral group (all P< 0.05), according to binocular defocus curves. About 92.0% of patients in the mix group did not need spectacles for intermediate distance vision compared to 59.26% in the bilateral group (P = 0.0001).Conclusion: The mix-and-match implantation of the +1.50D and +3.00D rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOLs provided good binocular visual outcomes and resulted in better intermediate vision than bilateral implantation of +3.00D IOLs.Keywords: multifocal intraocular lenses, mix-and-match, visual outcomes

Meng Zhang,1,2 Qi Yuan,1 Peiwen Wang,1 Fan Zhang,1 Dan Wu,1 He Bai,1 Jieting Liu,1 Haifeng Liu,1 Xiaohuan Yuan1 1College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaohuan Yuan, College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3 Tongxiang Road, Mudanjiang, 157011, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-453-6984401, Email yuanxiaohuan@mdjmu.edu.cnPurpose: Nanovesicles (NVs) derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as drug delivery systems are considered an effective therapeutic strategy for diabetes. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and molecular mechanism of BMSC-derived NVs carrying the curcumin analog H8 (H8-BMSCs-NVs) on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2D).Subjects and Methods: Mouse BMSCs were isolated by collagenase digestion and H8-BMSCs-NVs were prepared by microvesicle extrusion. The effects of H8-BMSCs-NVs on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism were observed in a T2D mouse model and a HepG2 cell insulin resistance model. To evaluate changes in potential signaling pathways, the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway and expression levels of G6P and PEPCK were assessed by Western blotting.Results: H8-BMSCs-NVs effectively improved lipid accumulation in liver tissues and restored liver dysfunction in T2D mice. Meanwhile, H8-BMSCs-NVs effectively inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation in the insulin resistance models of HepG2 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that H8-BMSCs-NVs activated the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway and decreased the expression levels of G6P and PEPCK.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that H8-BMSCs-NVs improved hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in T2D mice by activating the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway, which provides novel evidence suggesting the potential of H8-BMSCs-NVs in the clinically treatment of T2D patients.Keywords: bone mesenchymal stem cell, nanovesicles, curcumin analogue H8, type 2 diabetes

Wei Zheng, Jianhua Liu, Haixia Bai, Xin Xu, Lina Wu, Xiaosong Qin Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shengyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaosong Qin, Email qinxs@sj-hospital.orgBackground: Gordonia terrae is an opportunistic pathogen that rarely causes clinical infections. Here, we first report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis caused by Gordonia terrea.Case Presentation: A 71-year-old male patient was diagnosed with spontaneous bacteria peritonitis secondary to hepatitis C cirrhosis. The result of bacterial culture in ascites was positive, and the pathogenic bacteria was preliminarily identified as the Gordonia genus by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry. After 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, it was determined to be the Gordonia terrea. Symptoms relieved after treatment with ceftazidime.Conclusion: This case indicates that the clinical infections caused by Gordonia terrea should be brought to the forefront. Accurate and rapid bacterial identification results are highly beneficial to the diagnosis and therapeutic regime.Keywords: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, rare pathogen, Gordonia terrae, identification

Hua Bai,1 Na He,2 Yan Zhang,3 Aqsa Ahmad,3 Xing-Xing Yang,3 Yan Ma,3 Li-Jun Liang1 1Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China; 2PKUFH-NINGXIA Women Children’s Hospital, Yinchuan, 750001, People’s Republic of China; 3The First Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li-Jun Liang, Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 137 0959 6527, Email lianglijunlj@126.comObjective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the current status of the quality of life (QOL) of pediatric patients and plasma glucose concentration regulation in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Methods: The study involved children with T1DM admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2011 and October 2021. The children and their parents completed general information and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires. The regulation of plasma glucose concentration was assessed based on HbA1c levels, and plasma glucose and QOL-influencing components were investigated.Results: Among the 136 pediatric patients diagnosed with T1DM, the mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was recorded at 8.7% (7.2%, 10.5%). A breakdown of the patient cohort revealed that 44 patients (32.4%) demonstrated good regulation of plasma glucose, 33 patients (24.3%) exhibited acceptable glycemic control, and 59 patients (43.3%) displayed poor regulation of plasma glucose. The control of plasma glucose in pediatric patients diagnosed with T1DM was affected by the duration of the disease, the patient’s age, the frequency of daily plasma glucose measurements, the use of CGM, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and the education level of the mother. The control of plasma glucose, dietary management, DKA, the ability to learn, and health education are interfering factors of quality of life in children diagnosed with T1DM. Effective control of plasma glucose may ensure the QOL in children with T1DM, and DKA was the risk factor for QOL.Conclusion: In Ningxia, the regulation of plasma glucose in pediatric and adolescent patients with T1DM remains suboptimal, leading to poor QOL. There is a pressing need to enhance glucose regulation and QOL through comprehensive strategies, which include reinforced dietary management, rigorous monitoring of plasma glucose levels, and heightened health education levels.Keywords: current status of regulation of plasma glucose concentration, influencing factors, QOL, type 1 diabetes

Binbin Liu,1,&ast; Pan Su,1,&ast; Peilei Hu,1,&ast; Mi Yan,1 Wenbin Li,1 Songlin Yi,1 Zhenhua Chen,1 Xiaoping Zhang,1 Jingwei Guo,1 Xiaojie Wan,1 Jue Wang,1 Daofang Gong,1 Hua Bai,1 Kanglin Wan,2 Haican Liu,2 Guilian Li,2 Yunhong Tan1 1Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 2National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yunhong Tan, Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Chest Hospital, Changsha, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13874947876, Email Tanyunhong@163.com Guilian Li, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18519886112, Email liguilian@icdc.cnBackground: China is a country with a burden of high rates of both TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). However, published data on pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance are still limited in Hunan province, China. This study investigated the prevalence, transmission, and genetic diversity of PZA resistance among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Hunan province.Methods: Drug susceptibility testing (DST) with the Bactec MGIT 960 PZA kit and pyrazinamidase (PZase) testing were conducted on all 298 MDR clinical isolates. Moreover, 24-locus MIRU-VNTR and DNA sequencing of pncA, rpsA, and panD genes were conducted on 180 PZA-resistant (PZA-R) isolates.Results: The prevalence of PZA resistance among MDR-TB strains reached 60.4%. Newly diagnosed PZA-R TB patients and clustered isolates with identical pncA, rpsA, and panD mutations showed that transmission of PZA-R isolates played a significant role in the formation of PZA-R TB. Ninety-eight mutation patterns were observed in the pncA among 180 PZA-R isolates, and seventy-one (72.4%) were point mutations. Twenty-four of these mutations are new, including 2 base substitutions (V93G and T153S) and 22 nucleotide deletions or insertions. The W119C was found in PZA-S isolates, on the other hand, F94L and V155A mutations were found in both PZA resistant and susceptible isolates with positive PZase activity, indicating that they were not associated with PZA resistance. This is not entirely in line with the WHO catalogue. Ten novel rpsA mutations were found in 10 PZA-R isolates, which all combined with mutations in pncA. Thus, it is unpredictable whether these mutations in rpsA can impact PZA resistance. No panD mutation was found in all PZA-R isolates.Conclusion: DNA sequencing of pncA and PZase activity testing have great potential in predicting PZA resistance.Keywords: tuberculosis, pyrazinamide, transmission, pncA mutations, rpsA mutations, panD mutations, China

Hua Bai, Wen-Hui Wang, Fan-Fan Zhou, Dan Yang, Rui-Jun Li Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Rui-Jun Li, Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, No. 33, Huanghe Road, Jin-Shui District, Zhengzhou, 450053, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13838508075, Email liruijunzy@163.comObjective: Therapeutic regimens are relatively scarce among patients with treatment-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to determine the feasibility and tolerability of anlotinib plus PD-1 blockades in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic CRC retrospectively.Methods: A total of 68 patients with previously treated metastatic CRC who received anlotinib plus PD-1 blockades in clinical practice were included in this study retrospectively. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, therapeutic outcomes and safety profile during administration were collected and briefly analyzed. All subjects were followed up regularly. Therapeutic outcomes, including drug response and prognosis, were presented, and a safety profile was depicted to illustrate the adverse reactions.Results: A total of 68 patients with treatment-refractory metastatic CRC who received anlotinib plus PD-1 blockades in clinical practice were included in the final analysis. Best therapeutic response during treatment indicated that partial response was observed in 11 patients, stable disease was noted in 41 patients, and progressive disease was found in 16 patients, producing an objective response rate of 16.2% (95% CI: 8.4%– 27.1%) and a disease control rate of 76.5% (95% CI: 64.6%– 85.9%). Prognostic analysis suggested that the median progression-free survival (PFS) of the 68 patients was 5.3 months (95% CI: 3.01– 7.59), and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.5 months (95% CI: 9.40– 15.60). Of the 11 patients who responded, the median duration of response was 6.7 months (95% CI: 2.89– 10.53). Safety profile during treatment showed that patients experienced adverse reactions regardless of grade, and grade ≥ 3 adverse reactions were found in 61 patients (89.7%) and 41 patients (60.3%), respectively. Common adverse reactions were hypertension, myelosuppression (including leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia), fatigue, and hand-foot syndrome.Conclusion: Anlotinib plus PD-1 blockades demonstrated encouraging efficacy and acceptable safety profile in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic CRC preliminarily in clinical practice. This conclusion should be confirmed in prospective clinical trials.Keywords: colorectal cancer, anlotinib, PD-1 blockades, efficacy, safety

Menggege Liu,1,2 Qing Zhang,1,3 Juan Liu,1 Huiling Bai,1 Ping Yang,1 Xinhua Ye,1,3 Xiaoqing Yuan1,3 1Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Second Clinical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 3Changzhou Medical Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoqing Yuan; Xinhua Ye, Email adiposeyy@126.com; Endocrine1314@163.comObjective: To analyze the relationship between leg skeletal muscle mass index (LSMI) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the ability of LSMI to predict NAFLD.Methods: Two hundred patients with T2DM and NAFLD treated at Changzhou Second People’s Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University and the National Metabolic Management Center from June 2022 to June 2023 were divided into four LSMI quartiles. The clinical information from the four patient groups was compared, and the relationship between type 2 diabetes and LSMI and NAFLD was examined. We used receiver operating characteristic curves to determine how well the LSMI predicts NAFLD in T2DM.Results: The lowest quartile (Q1) had a higher prevalence of NAFLD than group Q4 (P < 0.05). LSMI was negatively associated with body mass index, LS, CAP, and other markers (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis LSMI predicted NAFLD with an ideal critical value of 0.64 and an area under the curve of 70.9%. The combined predictive value of the LSMI and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index was more significant.Conclusion: Reduced LSMI is associated with NAFLD.Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, LSMI, ASMI

Shuya Chen,1 Yunhan Deng,2 Yan Zhai,2 Yang Zhan,3 Xue Li,4 Jiandong Wang,1 Huimin Bai2 1Department of Gynecological Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiandong Wang, Department of Gynecological Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qihelou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +0086-13910566755, Email wangjiandongxy@ccmu.edu.cn Huimin Bai, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, North Road of Workers Stadium, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +0086-01085231765, Email bhmdoctor@sina.comPurpose: To reveal the clinical status and construct a predictive prognostic model for patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) at International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I.Patients and Methods: The medical records of patients with stage I uLMS during the study period were retrospectively reviewed. Multiple imputation, Martingale residuals and restricted cubic spline were used for data processing. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors. The Schoenfeld individual test was used to verify the proportional hazards (PH) assumption. The predictive ability of the nomogram was validated internally.Results: Ultimately, 102 patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 51 years old. During the medium follow-up time of 68 months, 55 (53.9%) patients developed recurrence. The median recurrence interval was 32 months. The most common metastatic site was the lung (27 cases). Eventually, 38 (37.3%) patients died of uLMS. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 66.0% and 52.0%, respectively. Age at diagnosis > 49 years, larger tumor size, MI> 10/10HPF, presence of LVSI and Ki-67 labeling index (LI) > 25% (P=0.0467, 0.0077, 0.0475, 0.0294, and 0.0427, respectively) were independent prognostic factors. The PH assumption remained inviolate. The concordance index was 0.847, the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve surpassed 0.7, and the calibration curve showed gratifying consistency.Conclusion: Age at diagnosis, tumor size, MI, LVSI, and Ki-67 LI were identified as independent prognostic factors for stage I uLMS. This prognostic nomogram would provide personalized assessment with superior predictive performance.Keywords: uterine leiomyosarcoma, prognosis, nomogram, risk stratification

Min Sun,1,2 Lei Gao,1 Hongmei Bai,1 Weiwei Hu,1 Xiaofang Zhang,1 Jin Xiao,1 Xiangliang Deng,1 Hongmei Tao,1 Ping Ge,2 Yuhong Qin,1,&ast; Dongying Zhang1,&ast; 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Health Management Center, The First Branch of the Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongying Zhang; Yuhong Qin, Tel +86-23-13608398395 ; +86-23-13068357151, Email zhangdongying@cqmu.edu.cn; 798213639@qq.comPurpose: To investigate the association of visceral fat with arterial stiffness of heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and to evaluate the extent to which this association is mediated by blood pressure (BP).Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04535726) recruited 94 patients with HFpEF totally from October to December 2020. The obesity-related measurements included visceral fat area (VFA), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist–hip ratio (WC/HC), abdominal circumference (AC), body fat mass and fat percentage. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used to estimate the degree of arterial stiffness. Mediation analysis was performed to reveal whether the effect of visceral fat area on arterial stiffness can be mediated by BP in patients with HFpEF and the extent to which this association was mediated by BP.Results: About 93.6% of HFpEF patients were accompanied with abdominal obesity. Patients in baPWV ≥ 1800cm/s group were older, with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension and abdominal obesity. VFA, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were correlated with baPWV in total group. Adjusted for age ≥ 75 years old, gender, smoking, T2DM, calcium channel blocker and statins, the mediation effect of systolic SBP and PP on the VFA-baPWV association were 53.3% (indirect effect was 2.28, 95% CI 0.62– 4.73) and 48.4% (indirect effect was 2.07, 95% CI 0.51– 4.38), respectively. DBP failed to mediate the association between VFA and baPWV (indirect effect was 0.50, 95% CI − 0.41– 2.14).Conclusion: The association of visceral fat with baPWV in HFpEF patients may be partly accounted for SBP or PP. Elevated SBP and PP might be important potential targets for preventing arterial stiffness in HFpEF patients.Keywords: mediation analysis, blood pressure, visceral fat area, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, HFpEF

The efficient generation, manipulation and detection of magnetic skyrmions are important for the development of future spintronic devices. One approach is to use electric-current-induced spin torques. Recently, thermally induced skyrmion motion has also been observed, but wider experimental evidence and its capabilities remain limited. Here we report the thermal generation, manipulation and thermoelectric detection of nanoscale skyrmions in microstructured metallic multilayers integrated with on-chip heaters. The local application of heat can facilitate a domain morphological transition and the formation of skyrmions at the device edge, where a low energy barrier exists. We observe the unidirectional diffusion of skyrmions from hot regions to cold regions, which is due to the interplay among the repulsive forces between skyrmions, thermal spin–orbit torques, entropic forces and magnonic spin torques. The thermally generated skyrmions can also be electrically detected via the Nernst voltage.

Jianxia Ma,1,&ast; Jianqin Sun,2,&ast; Huijing Bai,2 Houlian Ma,1 Ke Wang,1 Jun Wang,1 Xiaofeng Yu,1 Yiru Pan,3 Jianfeng Yao1 1Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Clinical Nutrition Center, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Laboratory, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jianfeng Yao, Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 221. Road West Yanan, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China, Tel +862162483180, Email yjf1966@126.comPurpose: This study was to explore the influence of flax seeds on the gut microbiota of elderly patients with functional constipation.Patients and Methods: Sixty elderly patients (68.68± 8.73 years) with functional constipation were recruited between January 2018 and March 2018. They received oral flax seeds (50 g/d) for one month. Bowel habits and adverse events were recorded before and after treatment. Fresh stool was collected before and after treatment and the amplification product of 16S rRNA V5 region was sequenced using the next-generation sequencing technique on the Ion Torrent PGM platform. The gut microbiota were analyzed before and after flax seeds treatment in the same subject.Results: Flax-seed treatment significantly increased the frequency of defecation and decreased abdominal distension in elderly patients with chronic constipation. The majority of gut bacteria belonged to the phyla of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, accounting for 98.71%. After flax seeds treatment, the diversity of bacterial clusters significantly increased with increases of Roseburia_hominis, Pseudomonas_azotoformans, uncultured_Clostridiales_bacterium, Blautia_obeum, Ruminococcus_sp._16442, Pyramidobacter_piscolens, Acinetobacter_lwoffii, Prevotella_melaninogenica. The abundance of Blautia in patients with chronic constipation was significantly lower than healthy controls, while Blautia_obeum increased significantly after flax seed treatment. Blautia_obeum might be the predominant genus accounting for the therapeutic effect of flax seeds.Conclusion: Flax seeds may improve the defecation in elderly patients with chronic constipation and change intestinal microecological structure. Thus, flax seeds may serve as an effective diet supplement in the management of chronic constipation.Keywords: constipation, flax seeds, high-throughput sequencing, gut microbiota

Zheng S, Zhang M, Bai H, et al. Int J Nanomedicine. 2019;14:9513–9524. The authors have advised due to an error at the time of figure assembly, the image of Spleen at 1 day in Figure 8B on page 9522 is incorrect. The correct Figure 8 is shown below. Figure 8 In vivo toxicity test of Mn-MoS2 QDs: (A(a–l)) Mouse serum biochemistry analysis and blood routine analysis before (0d, control) and after injection of Mn-MoS2 QDs for 1, 7, 21d. (B) Histological images of the heart, lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys of mice 1, 7 and 21 days post-intravenous injection of Mn-MoS2 QDs and in control mice. The organs were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and observed under a light microscope, scale bar = 100 μm. The authors apologize for this error and advise it does not affect the results of the paper.

Hai Zhao,1,&ast; Yaqiong Huang,1,&ast; Hao Wang,2 Juan Zhao,1 Shanshan Tian,1 Haixia Bai,1 Mufang Guo,1 Caiping Dong,1 Yongliang Shi,1 Xia Li,1 Chengjun Zhu,1 Tao Feng,1 Xia Ma,3 Zhifei Hou1,4 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhifei Hou; Xia Ma, Tel +86 18811189252 ; +86 15103510398, Email houzhifei1898@126.com; maxialn007@sina.comPurpose: CWP is an untreatable but preventable fibrotic lung disease caused by the chronic inhalation of coal dust. Genetic factors such as polymorphisms play an important role in the development of CWP. The present study investigated the association between the polymorphisms of SMAD4 and NLRP3 and CWP risk in a Chinese Han population.Patients and Methods: SMAD4 rs10502913 and NLRP3rs1539019 polymorphisms were examined in 292 CWP subjects and 315 coal dust-exposed controls. The genotypes were analyzed using direct sequencing. The allele and genotype proportion between the cases and controls were compared using the chi-square test.Results: The AG and GG genotypes of SMAD4 rs10502913 were not associated with altered CWP risk compared with AA genotype (adjusted OR = 1.535 and 1.426, 95% CI = 0.785– 3.000 and 0.732– 2.781, p = 0.210 and 0.297, respectively). Also, the NLRP3 rs1539019 heterozygous and homozygous variants CA and CC genotypes were not associated with the risk of CWP compared with the AA genotype (adjusted OR = 0.985 and 1.127, 95% CI = 0.652– 1.489 and 0.713– 1.782, p = 0.944 and 0.608, respectively). In addition, there was no interaction between SMAD4 rs10502913 and NLRP3 rs1539019 genotypes and smoking status on CWP risk in the stratified analyses.Conclusion: In this present study, SMAD4 rs10502913 and NLRP3 rs1539019 genotypes were not associated with altered CWP risk in the Chinese Han population. Large sample sizes and multicenter studies are needed to elucidate these results in the future.Keywords: CWP, polymorphisms, SMAD4 rs10502913, NLRP3 rs1539019

Lingli Han,1 Ji Zhang,2 Jingxuan Yang,1 Xiaoyu Yang,1 Hua Bai1 1The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hua Bai, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 371 66903017, Email sfyhlb3726@zzu.edu.cnPurpose: Postpartum depression is related to many factors, which affect the health of mothers and infants. The purpose of this study is to test the mediated effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between vulnerable personality and postpartum depression.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with pregnant women aged ≥ 20 years from February to April 2021 in Zhengzhou, China. We recruited 587 pregnant women, and 429 pieces of data were available. The demographic characteristics questionnaire, General Self efficacy Scale (GSES) and Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire (VPSQ) were distributed in the prenatal survey. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen postpartum depression symptoms at one month through WeChat and telephone follow-up. A mediated model was constructed to explain the relationship of variables and test the mediated effect of self-efficacy.Results: The valid questionnaires were 429 (effective response rate: 90.7%). The vulnerable personality and low self-efficacy were related to postpartum depression (all P< 0.01). The self-efficacy of pregnant women was inversely associated with vulnerable personality (β= − 0.415) and postpartum depression (β= − 0.216). The vulnerable personality and self-efficacy can explain 29.0% of the variation in postpartum depression. It was confirmed that a partial mediating effect of self-efficacy accounted for 18.0% (0.090/0.501) of the total effect.Conclusion: Maternal self-efficacy partly mediates the relationship between vulnerable personality traits and postpartum depression. The study implies the importance of targeted interventions to improve self-efficacy for women with vulnerable personality traits to reduce the risk of postpartum depression.Keywords: postpartum depression, vulnerable personality, self-efficacy, mediated effect

Many prospective cohort studies have investigated the association between the consumption of alcohol and CKD risk and have revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis of these studies to assess this association.We searched the PubMed and Embase databases up to 2020 and reviewed the reference lists of relevant articles to identify appropriate studies. We calculated the pooled relative risks with 95% CIs using random effects models, and then performed subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Dose-response meta-analyses were performed by sex separately. We identified 25 eligible prospective cohort studies, including 514,148 participants and 35,585 incident CKD cases. Compared with the category of minimal alcohol intake, light (RR = 0.90, I2 = 49%), moderate (RR = 0.86, I2 = 40%), and heavy (RR = 0.85, I2 = 51%) alcohol intake were associated with a lower risk of CKD. Subgroup meta-analysis by sex indicated that light (RR = 0.92, I2 = 0%), moderate (RR = 0.83, I2 = 39%) and heavy (RR = 0.76, I2 = 40%), alcohol consumption were inversely associated with CKD risk in male. Dose-response meta-analyses detected a nonlinear inverse association between alcohol consumption and the risk of CKD in all participants and linear inverse association in female participants. This meta-analysis shows that light (24 g/day) alcohol consumption are protective against chronic kidney disease in adult participants especially in males., Author(s): H. C. Yuan [sup.1] , Q. T. Yu [sup.2] , H. Bai [sup.2] , H. Z. Xu [sup.3] , P. Gu [sup.1] , L. Y. Chen [sup.3] [sup.4] Author [...]

Huiran Bai,1,2 Honglei Li,1,2 Simeng Zheng,1,2 Lihong Sun,1,2 Xiaoming Wu1,2 1Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoming WuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86532-87610668Email wuxiaominglmm@126.comPurpose: To investigate the incidence of Nd:YAG capsulotomy after implantation of two types of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs).Methods: This retrospective analysis included patients who had undergone cataract extraction and implanted diffractive MIOL (Acri. LISA tri 839M) or asymmetric refractive MIOL (SBL-3) from May 2016 to September 2018. They were followed up for at least 3 years. During the follow-up period, the relevant data of patients were kept by special person in the hospital. The rates of Nd:YAG capsulotomy and the Kaplan–Meier survival curve were used to analyze the two groups.Results: The Asymmetric Refractive MIOL group was comprised of 98 patients (121 eyes), while the Diffractive MIOL group was comprised of 99 patients (120 eyes). There were no significant differences in age, sex, or IOL power between the two groups. The Nd:YAG rate of the asymmetric refractive MIOL group and the diffractive MIOL group was 3.3% and 7.5% respectively (P = 0.15) in the first year, 14.88% and 22.5% respectively (P = 0.129) in the second year, and 21.49% and 34.17% respectively (P = 0.028) in the third year. In the first 7 months of follow-up, the two groups showed the same performance in the Nd:YAG rate. After that, there was a difference between the two groups, and the difference gradually increased. Until the 27th month of follow-up, the difference was significant (P < 0.05). What is more, there were significant differences in survival (without Nd:YAG capsulotomy)/failure (with Nd:YAG capsulotomy) functions (P = 0.0035).Conclusion: The incidence of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in patients with diffractive MIOLs was higher than that in patients with asymmetric refractive MIOLs.Keywords: Nd:YAG capsulotomy rates, asymmetric refractive MIOL, diffractive MIOL, posterior capsular opacification

Zuli Fu,1,2 Qian Xu,1 Chiyuan Zhang,1,3 Hui Bai,1 Xuliang Chen,1 Yanfeng Zhang,1 Wanjun Luo,1 Guoqiang Lin1 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guoqiang LinDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-731-84327097Email lgq186snoopy@126.comPurpose: Post-operative delirium (POD) is a common complication after aortic surgery with poor outcomes. Blood pressure may play a role in the occurrence of POD. The study aimed to identify whether admission systolic blood pressure (SBP) level in the intensive care unit (ICU) is correlated with POD in acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients undergoing aortic surgery.Patients and Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study enrolling consecutive 205 patients with acute type A aortic dissection undergoing aortic surgery. Patients were divided into 3 groups: low, normal, and high SBP level group. Outcomes of interest were POD, 30-day mortality and other complications including acute kidney injury, cardiac complications, spinal cord ischemia, stroke, and pneumonia. Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) method was used to assess POD. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, Cox regression, and subgroup analysis were performed to uncover the association between SBP and POD.Results: The mean age of these patients was 51± 16 years old. Thirty-six patients (17.6%) developed POD. Patients with high admission SBP were more likely to develop POD (P < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that high admission SBP was associated with a higher risk of POD among AAAD patients (OR, 3.514; 95% CI, 1.478– 8.537, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression model confirmed that high SBP was an independent predictor of POD. Subgroup analysis indicated that patients with anemia and high admission SBP were at higher risk of POD.Conclusion: High admission SBP was positively associated with the incidence of POD in AAAD patients who underwent surgical repair in ICU.Keywords: acute Stanford type A aortic dissection, intensive care unit, major surgery, post-operative delirium, systolic blood pressure

Honglei Li,1,2 Dongle Liu,1,2 Han Gao,3 Jiajun Sun,1,2 Huiran Bai,1,2 Xiaoming Wu1,2 1Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoming WuQingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yanerdao Road, Qingdao, 26600, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail wuxiaominglmm@126.comPurpose: This study compared the clinical outcomes after cataract surgery with implantation of refractive rotationally asymmetric bifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (LS-313 MF30) and apodized diffractive bifocal IOL (ReSTOR SN6AD1).Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, controlled study, where patients diagnosed with age-related cataracts were selected for phacoemulsification combined with bilateral IOL implantation. Based on the type of IOL voluntarily implanted, the patients were divided into two groups, ie, refractive and diffractive groups. In total, 30 cases (60 eyes) were in a refractive group, while 30 cases (60 eyes) were in diffractive group. Three months after surgery, we examined the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), defocus curve, objective visual quality, and subjective questionnaire.Results: Three months after surgery, the UIVA of the refractive group (0.18 ± 0.08) logMAR was better than that of the diffractive group (0.29 ± 0.16) logMAR (P < 0.05). No significant difference in UDVA and UNVA was noted between the two groups. For a 4mm pupil diameter, the intraocular and total eye aberration, higher-order aberration (HOA), coma, spherical aberration, and trefoil in the refractive group were significantly higher than those in diffractive group (P < 0.05). The intraocular modulation transfer function (MTF), intraocular strehl ratio (SR), total eye MTF, and total eye SR in the refractive group were lower than those in diffractive group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in glare incidence, spectacle independence rate, and patient satisfaction was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The halos incidence in the refractive group was lower than the diffractive group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Both bifocal IOLs obtained satisfactory UDVA and UNVA, with higher patient satisfaction. Unlike the apodized diffractive bifocal IOL, the refractive rotationally asymmetric bifocal IOL yielded slightly better UIVA, lower halos incidence, whereas the apodized diffractive bifocal IOL showed a better objective visual quality.Keywords: refractive rotationally asymmetric, apodized diffractive, intraocular lens, visual quality