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30. Synergistic Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Maize (Zea mays L.) Defense against the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) and Larval Immune Response

Author

Batool, Raufa, primary, Umer, Muhammad Jawad, additional, Wang, Yangzhou, additional, He, Kanglai, additional, Zhang, Tiantao, additional, Bai, Shuxiong, additional, Zhi, Yang, additional, Chen, Jie, additional, and Wang, Zhenying, additional

Published
2020
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36. Selection of the Most Effective Trichogramma Strains (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) From Myanmar to Control Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

Author

Myint, Yee Yee, Bai, Shuxiong, Zhang, Tiantao, Babendreier, Dirk, He, Kanglai, and Wang, Zhenying

Subjects
TRICHOGRAMMA, TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE, OSTRINIA, HYMENOPTERA, LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE
Abstract

Selecting the candidate agents or species is a fundamental step in developing effective biological control programs. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strains against the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Myanmar. In this study, Trichogramma strains were investigated through a series of glass tube bioassays and under a semifield condition. Ostrinia furnacalis or Corcyra cephalonica egg preferences were compared among six strains of Trichogramma ostriniae, three of Trichogramma chilonis, and four of Trichogramma dendrolimi using a choice-test assay design. Significant differences were observed at the inter- and intraspecific levels. Four strains of T. ostriniae and two of T. dendrolimi showed a strong preference for O. furnacalis eggs, while two strains of T. chilonis and one T. dendrolimi strain preferred Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs. The remaining strains showed no preference. Eleven strains were examined on O. furnacalis eggs only, wherein parasitism, sex ratio, and total progeny per female were highest for two strains of T. ostriniae (respectively: 67.6 ± 3.0%, 82.7 ± 2.3%, 49.6 ± 2.8, and 67.6 ± 3.6%, 90.0 ± 2.4%, 42.7 ± 2.6), and one strain of T. dendrolimi (65.2 ± 3.2%, 84.7 ± 2.6%, 46.3 ± 2.8). Parasitism and searching capacity were evaluated for the three, best performing strains in cages containing maize plants. One T. ostriniae from Southern Shan State, Myanmar parasitized ∼81% of egg masses, and should be considered a candidate biological control agent against O. furnacalis in Myanmar. Graphical Abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Selection of the Most Effective TrichogrammaStrains (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) From Myanmar to Control Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Author

Myint, Yee Yee, Bai, Shuxiong, Zhang, Tiantao, Babendreier, Dirk, He, Kanglai, and Wang, Zhenying

Abstract

Selecting the candidate agents or species is a fundamental step in developing effective biological control programs. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of TrichogrammaWestwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strains against the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalisGuenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Myanmar. In this study, Trichogrammastrains were investigated through a series of glass tube bioassays and under a semifield condition. Ostrinia furnacalisor Corcyra cephalonicaegg preferences were compared among six strains of Trichogramma ostriniae,three of Trichogramma chilonis, and four of Trichogramma dendrolimiusing a choice-test assay design. Significant differences were observed at the inter- and intraspecific levels. Four strains of T. ostriniaeand two of T. dendrolimishowed a strong preference for O. furnacaliseggs, while two strains of T. chilonisand one T. dendrolimistrain preferred Corcyra cephalonicaStainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs. The remaining strains showed no preference. Eleven strains were examined on O. furnacaliseggs only, wherein parasitism, sex ratio, and total progeny per female were highest for two strains of T. ostriniae(respectively: 67.6 ± 3.0%, 82.7 ± 2.3%, 49.6 ± 2.8, and 67.6 ± 3.6%, 90.0 ± 2.4%, 42.7 ± 2.6), and one strain of T. dendrolimi(65.2 ± 3.2%, 84.7 ± 2.6%, 46.3 ± 2.8). Parasitism and searching capacity were evaluated for the three, best performing strains in cages containing maize plants. One T. ostriniaefrom Southern Shan State, Myanmar parasitized ~81% of egg masses, and should be considered a candidate biological control agent against O. furnacalisin Myanmar.Graphical Abstract

Published
2022
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38. Molecular and Morphological Identification of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Species From Asian Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Myanmar.

Author

Myint, Yee Yee, Bai, Shuxiong, Zhang, Tiantao, Babendreier, Dirk, He, Kanglai, and Wang, Zhenying

Subjects
TRICHOGRAMMA, TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE, HYMENOPTERA, LEPIDOPTERA, CRAMBIDAE, BRACONIDAE, BIOLOGICAL control of insects, CORN disease & pest control
Abstract

The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is the most devastating maize pest in Myanmar. The damage caused by this pest has become a significant obstacle to farmers' income and the national economy. Control of O. furnacalis is challenging due to its protected feeding sites and the crop's height during later phases of the pest's attack. Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) parasitoids have been used successfully against corn borers in other countries, but knowledge on the species composition in Myanmar is limited. As a first step for potential biological control of Asian corn borer in Myanmar, Trichogramma were collected from major maize growing regions. Identification was performed based on both morphological and molecular techniques. The majority of collected specimens were identified as Trichogramma ostriniae Pang and Chen, T. chilonis Ishii, and T. dendrolimi Matsumura. This is the first report on the composition of Trichogramma species, and an important step towards the establishment of biological control against O. furnacalis in Myanmar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. The spatial distribution pattern of overwintering egg ofMonolepta hieroglyphica(Motschulsky) in corn field

Author

赵磊 Zhao Lei, 王振营 Wang Zhenying, 张聪 Zhang Cong, 葛星 Ge Xing, 何康来 He Kanglai, and 白树雄 Bai Shuxiong

Subjects
Animal science, Ecology, Spatial distribution pattern, Corn field, Negative binomial distribution, Vegetation, Biology, Population density, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Monolepta hieroglyphica, Overwintering, Degree (temperature)
Abstract

The objectives of this work were to clarify the spatial distribution pattern of the overwintering eggs of M.hieroglyphica(Motschulsky).An investigation with stratified random sampling was conducted on the egg number in corn field of Jinzhong,Shanxi province in October 2011.The spatial distribution pattern of the overwintering eggs of M.hieroglyphica in soil was studied by determination of frequency distribution,aggregated indices,the improved Iwao′s regression equation and Taylor′s power law.The reasons for the aggregation of the overwintering eggs of M.hieroglyphica was analyzed according to estimation by aggregation mean(λ).Results indicated that the overwintering eggs of M.hieroglyphica belong to negative binomial distribution and the aggregated indices of overwintering eggs met C1,CA0,I0,k0,m*/m1,so M.Hieroglyphica eggs in soil presented pattern of aggregation distribution in low population density,and its fundamental component was the individual that was mutually exclusive.The rate of relative aggregation change of fundamental component was 3.52m-15.61,which changed with the population density of overwintering egg of M.hieroglyphica.The greater the population density of overwintering eggs,the greater the change rate of relative aggregation degree.The degree of aggregation increased with the population density of overwintering eggs.Aggregation mean λ value indicated that the aggregation might be due to the combined actions of the oviposition habits of adults and other environmental factors,including the growth of vegetation,soil features,temperature and humidity,etc.Female of M.hieroglyphica usually deposited the overwintering eggs below the soil surface.It was observed that the 94.2% of the eggs were laid in the top 10 cm between 0 and 15 cm of the soil surface.In addition,the number of M.hieroglyphica eggs between 2 and 5 cm below the soil surface was significantly more than others with an average value of 25.56 in every sample,which is 64.7% of the total.

Published
2013

47. The Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis feeding increases the direct and indirect defence of mid‐whorl stage commercial maize in the field.

Author

Guo, Jingfei, Qi, Jinfeng, He, Kanglai, Wu, Jianqiang, Bai, Shuxiong, Zhang, Tiantao, Zhao, Jiuran, and Wang, Zhenying

Subjects
OSTRINIA furnacalis, CORN disease & pest resistance, PLANT hormones, GENE expression in plants, TRANSCRIPTOMES
Abstract

Summary: The Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée) is a destructive pest of maize (Zea mays L.). Despite large‐scale commercial maize production, little is known about the defensive responses of field‐grown commercial maize to O. furnacalis herbivory, and how these responses result in direct and indirect defence against this pest. To elucidate the maize transcriptome response to O. furnacalis feeding, leaves of maize hybrid Jingke968 were infested with O. furnacalis for 0, 2, 4, 12 and 24 h. Ostrinia furnacalis feeding elicited stronger and more rapid changes in the defence‐related gene expression (i.e. after 2 h), and more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up‐regulated than down‐regulated at all times post‐induction (i.e. 2, 4, 12 and 24 h) in the O. furnacalis pre‐infested maize plants. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the DEGs in the O. furnacalis pre‐infested maize are involved in benzoxazinoids, phytohormones, volatiles, and other metabolic pathways related to maize resistance to herbivores. In addition, the maize leaves previously infested by O. furnacalis for 24 h showed an obvious inhibition of the subsequent O. furnacalis performance, and maize volatiles induced by O. furnacalis feeding for 24 and 48 h attracted the parasitic wasp, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke. The increased direct and indirect defences induced by O. furnacalis feeding were correlated with O. furnacalis‐induced phytohormones, benzoxazinoids, and volatiles. Together, our findings provide new insights into how commercial maize orchestrates its transcriptome and metabolome to directly and indirectly defend against O. furnacalis at the mid‐whorl stage in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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