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The p53 gene is one of the genes most closely associated with human tumors and has become a popular target for tumor drug design. Currently, p53-based gene therapy techniques have been developed, but these therapies face challenges such as immaturity, high safety hazards, limited efficacy, and low patient acceptance. However, researchers are no less enthusiastic about the treatment because of its theoretical potential to treat cancer. In this paper, the advances in p53-based gene therapy and related nucleic acid delivery technologies were reviewed and prospected in order to support further development in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various red phosphors are usually designed to supplement the red component of traditional YAG: Ce3+ phosphor to realize the high-quality WLED. However, the majority of the materials are suffered from the serious concentration quenching and temperature quenching of the activators. In the present work, non-concentration quenching Sr3NaY(PO4)3F: Eu3+ (SNYPF: Eu3+) phosphors were prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The emission intensities of the samples increase continuously with the increase of Eu3+ doped concentration from 0.01 mol to 1 mol. The non-concentration quenching behavior can be explained by calculating the value of the critical distance between Eu3+- Eu3+ ions in SNEuPF. The average lifetimes of the 5D0 energy level of SNYPF: Eu3+ are obtained at different Eu3+ concentration, which are determined to be ~ 2.3 ms and scarcely varies with concentrations. Furthermore, the SNYPF: Eu3+ phosphors exhibit good temperature characteristics. At the general working temperature of WLEDs (400 K), the emission intensity of SNEuPF remains 80.3% of the initial intensity. The results suggest that the SNEuPF phosphor can be regarded as a potential red component to realize high-quality wLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aging leads to an accumulation of cellular mutations and damage, increasing the risk of senescence, apoptosis, and malignant transformation. Cellular senescence, which is pivotal in aging, acts as both a guard against cellular transformation and as a check against cancer progression. It is marked by stable cell cycle arrest, widespread macromolecular changes, a pro‐inflammatory profile, and altered gene expression. However, it remains to be determined whether these differing subsets of senescent cells result from unique intrinsic programs or are influenced by their environmental contexts. Multiple transcription regulators and chromatin modifiers contribute to these alterations. Special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 1 (SATB1) stands out as a crucial regulator in this process, orchestrating gene expression by structuring chromatin into loop domains and anchoring DNA elements. This review provides an overview of cellular senescence and delves into the role of SATB1 in senescence‐related diseases. It highlights SATB1's potential in developing antiaging and anticancer strategies, potentially contributing to improved quality of life and addressing aging‐related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac complication resulting from long‐term uncontrolled diabetes, characterized by myocardial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac function. This study aimed at investigating the potential of ginsenoside RG1 (RG1)‐induced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in alleviating DCM. A DCM mouse model was constructed, and the effects of RG1‐induced MSCs on myocardial function and fibrosis in diabetic mice were evaluated. RG1‐induced MSCs were cocultured with high glucose‐treated fibroblasts for subsequent functional and mechanism assays. It was discovered that RG1‐induced MSCs secrete exosomes that induce macrophage M2 polarization. Mechanistically, exosomes derived from RG1‐induced MSCs transferred circNOTCH1 into macrophages, activating the NOTCH signaling pathway. A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory axis consisting of circNOTCH1, miR‐495‐3p, and NOTCH1 was found to contribute to DCM alleviation.. This study unveiled that exosomal circNOTCH1 secreted by RG1‐induced MSCs can alleviate DCM by activating the NOTCH signaling pathway to induce macrophage M2 polarization. This finding may contribute to the development of new therapeutic approaches for DCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fast recognition and classification of objects with rectangular shapes are an essential component in the automatic detection of printed circuit board (PCB) defects, such as through automatic optical inspection or automatic X-ray inspection. The image obtained generally covers only a certain part of a PCB that contains rectangular shapes. The amount, positions, orientations, and exact shapes are almost undetermined. Most traditional algorithms for rectangular region detection are based on the Hough transform or on its derivations. In these approaches, each potential region must be voted on in a 2D or 3D domain. This process increases time complexity and lowers computation speed. By contrast, shape angle theory is an effective method for detecting rectangular regions in contour inspection. Objective Shape angle theory can avoid the inaccuracy and computational inefficiency induced by Hough transform. The accuracy and time complexity of shape angle calculation depend on the efficiency of the tangent calculation at discrete points on the contour. This calculation is currently performed using either Vialard's algorithm or its derived methods. These procedures can be complicated and inaccurate when applied to rectangles with relatively smooth edges. Method A new method based on Fourier fitting has been proposed in this paper to solve this problem. A polar coordinate system transform is first applied to the discrete points. Then, Fourier series are used to fit envelopes and to calculate the derivative of the envelope function to obtain the tangent. Result The integrated chip FUSION 878A is derived from a gray-scale image to verify the accuracy and reliability of this method. The average computing time of the proposed method is 1.5775 s. By contrast, the traditional approach reports an average computing time of 156.155 s. The proposed method avoids iterations in handling rectangle contours. Therefore, time complexity is significantly reduced by two orders of magnitude. Moreover, the proposed method generated a precise outcome. Conclusion The improved approach is applied to rectangle region detection problems. Experimental results indicate the acceptable accuracy and reliability of this algorithm. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) the proposed method exhibits little time complexity when calculating the tangent vector of the rectangle contour. The findings of both experiments and theoretical analysis suggest that specifically, time complexity is reduced from O(n3) to O(n). 2) We examine the effects of breadth-to-length ratio and rectangle dimensions on shape angle. Understanding these effects can provide reference information for template selection and data matching in industrial applications. 3) This approach improves on the shape angle method and can effectively classify rectangles in images by implementing rectangle detection based on shape angle theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PCR amplification products were analyzed using agarose gel electrophoresis and dissociation curves. The presence of a single band with anticipate size indicated the PCR product was specific (B) Dissociation curves for the PCR products. Mol Med Rep 12: 7721-7727, 2015; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4396 Following the publication of the above article, the authors contacted the Editorial Office to explain that Fig. [Extracted from the article]

To investigate the association between the microbiota in mothers and gut microbiota in infants from 0 to 6 months, the microbiotas in infant feces, maternal feces, and breast milk were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The contribution of each maternal microbiome to the infant was assessed using fast expectation-maximization for microbial source tracking calculations. The levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the feces of infants were also determined using gas chromatography and IDK-sIgA ELISA to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the infant gut microbiome. The results of this study showed that in addition to Firmicutes (E1) and Bifidobacterium (E2), the dominant microorganisms of the intestinal microbiota of infants aged 0-6 months include Proteobacteria, which is different from previous findings. Acetic acid, the most abundant SCFA in the infant gut, was positively correlated with Megasphaera ( P < 0.01), whereas sIgA was positively correlated with Bacteroides ( P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with Klebsiella and Clostridium&#95;XVIII ( P < 0.05). The maternal gut microbiota contributed more to the infant gut microbiota (43.58% ± 11.13%) than the breast milk microbiota, and significant differences were observed in the contribution of the maternal microbiota to the infant gut microbiota based on the delivery mode and feeding practices. In summary, we emphasize the key role of maternal gut health in the establishment and succession of infant gut microbiota.IMPORTANCEThis study aims to delineate the microbial connections between mothers and infants, leveraging the fast expectation-maximization for microbial source tracking methodology to quantify the contribution of maternal microbiota to the constitution of the infant's gut microbiome. Concurrently, it examines the correlations between the infant gut microbiota and two distinctive biomolecules, namely short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). The findings indicate that the maternal gut microbiota exerts a greater influence on the infant's gut microbial composition than does the microbiota present in breast milk. Infants born via vaginal delivery and receiving mixed feeding display gut microbiota profiles more similar to their mothers'. Notably, the SCFA acetate displays positive associations with beneficial bacteria and inverse relationships with potentially harmful ones within the infant's gut. Meanwhile, sIgA positively correlates with Bacteroides species and negatively with potentially pathogenic bacteria. By delving into the transmission dynamics of maternal-infant microbiota, exploring the impacts of metabolic byproducts within the infant's gut, and scrutinizing how contextual factors such as birthing method and feeding practices affect the correlation between maternal and infant microbiota, this research endeavors to establish practical strategies for optimizing early-life gut health management in infants. Such insights promise to inform targeted interventions that foster healthier microbial development during the critical first 6 months of life., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Background: Thalassemia is a common monogenic disorder, and children with β-thalassemia major require regular blood transfusions and iron removal therapy. Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common sex chromosome abnormality, and 48,XXYY is rare. This report is the first to describe a fetus with a karyotype of 48,XXYY in prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia major., Methods: Amniotic fluid was collected by puncture for the prenatal diagnosis of thalassemia, and chromosomal karyotyping was also performed. PCR and reverse dot-blot hybridization (PCR-RDB) were used to identify 17 common β-thalassemia mutations in China. Karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid was performed., Results: The results of PCR-RDB revealed that the genotype of the fetus was a homozygote of CDs41-42 (-TTCT) in the HBB gene. The karyotype analysis displayed that the fetus had Klinefelter syndrome (KS), and the karyotype was the rare 48,XXYY. The fetus was diagnosed with β-thalassemia major and KS., Conclusions: An unexpected detection of the rare 48,XXYY in the prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with β-thalassemia major. There is a pitfall of genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in China.

Aims: The present study is to investigate the effect of the combination of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment with bis-chloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU) on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells., Methods: According to different treatments, glioma U251 cells were randomly divided into blank group, Lipofectamine group, siRNA-Gli1 group, BCNU group and combination group. After treatments, the morphology of U251 cells was visualized under the microscope. Afterwards, semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine Gli1, Bcl-2, Bax and cyclin D1 mRNA levels and protein expression, respectively. MTT assay was used detect the proliferation of U251 cells, while flow cytometry was performed to determine cell apoptosis and cell cycle., Results: The combination of siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU caused more severe damages to U251 cell shapes compared with siRNA-Gli1 or BCNU alone. The combination of BCNU and siRNA-Gli1 altered mRNA level and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, but not those of Gli1 and cyclin D1. The combination of siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU promoted U251 cell apoptosis. The combination of siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU enhanced the arrestment of U251 cells in G0/G1 phase. The combination of siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU significantly inhibited U251 cell proliferation., Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that combined treatment with siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU significantly inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of glioma U251 cells, possibly by the up-regulation of Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. The combination of siRNA-Gli1 and BCNU enhances the inhibition of cell cycles, but does not down-regulate the expression of cell cycle protein cyclin D1.

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis is a commonly used method for the study of mRNA expression throughout the field of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research. This technology is simple and sensitive; however the results may vary significantly due to the use of various reference genes (RGs) as normalizers. Therefore, the reliable use of RGs is vital for obtaining accurate results. The present study focuses on ten putative RGs for the normalization of qPCR data between human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and fetal tissue-derived MSCs (FT-MSCs). The total RNA from these two types of MSC was isolated using TRIzol reagent. cDNA was generated from the RNA via reverse transcription and subsequently analyzed by qPCR using ten common RGs as normalizers. These RGs included 18S, ACTB, B2M, HPRT1, GAPDH, TBP, PPIA, RPLP0, PGK1 and RPL13A. GeNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper software were used to analyze the qPCR results by evaluating the expression stabilities of the ten candidate RGs in BM-MSCs and FT-MSCs. Consequently, several of the commonly used RGs, including 18S, ACTB and TBP, were demonstrated to be unsuitable for normalization in these two MSCs, whereas RPL13A, B2M and PPIA were the most stable RGs and were therefore reliable for use in qPCR studies. Combining multiple RGs had no contribution towards increasing their stabilities. In conclusion, the present study revealed that RPL13A, B2M and PPIA were the optimal RGs for qPCR studies comparing BM-MSCs and FT-MSCs.