Search

Discipline is a presence of laws and actions that are introduce to establish and monitor a matter accordingly. Idris & Alegbeleye (2015) noted that some academics view discipline as good behaviour and adhere to laws and regulations while others view discipline as a form of punishment that brings fear also disgrace when wrongly engaged in wrongdoing.

Bargaining plays a vital role in the economic process and it has received large attention in the economic literature. Industrial relation is a field that studies about the employment relationship which it’s an interrelation between the employer and employee or the organization and the trade union. Collective bargaining is defined as the dispute between the employer and employee where this dispute can be settled through discussion and negotiation where both parties can come to a mutual agreement and also as one decision (Edmund Heery, Nicholas Bacon, Paul Blyton & Jack Fiorito, 2010). Usually the trade union represent the employee’s interests towards the employer which the employee belongs to the trade union as well. The collective bargaining is usually about the wages scales, working hours, healthcare and safety and also training. Collective bargaining is adapt more easily when the employees demand meets the employers flexibility and easier when the firms boundary is changed accordingly. In collective bargaining wages is a topic that’s regularly being discussed or negotiated between the employer and employee (Arun, 2000; Sinha, 2000).

Child labour involves of person that age below than 17 years old. Child labour often happen in poor countries such as Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the issue of child labour might be the biggest issue. Bangladesh come up with Bangladesh Labour Act (BLA) that did not allow any person age below from fourteen years old to work (Nawshin et al, 2019). One of the aim or purpose of this act is to prevent teen workers in order to get the proper payment of any work. This is because when organization use child labour, they might be paid at lower rate because children usually do not have much responsible in their family compared to teen workers. This indirectly cause an economic matter in a family.

Shift work means work that takes place on a schedule of employee outside the normal hours eight at morning until at five at evening. Well, it involves day and night shifts, which is whether in an early morning shifts, and rotating shifts. In Malaysia, shift work happens usually to the health care workers, precision production and repair workers, machines operator, and aviation workers and so on. Especially in manufacturing, employees tend to make sure machines run twenty-four hours per day rather than buying more machines to operate on a day shift.

Before we go through what is the best practice of domestic inquiry in Malaysia, we have to get ourselves more familiar with the meaning of best practice and domestic inquiry. A best practice is a type of method or strategy universally accepted as preferable to any alternative since it produces results superior for those attained through other means or because it is becoming a typical way of acting. Such as a standard way of implementing and practice domestic inquiry in the work environment. Best practices are an easy solution to obligatory federal norms to retain quality and based on personal-assessment or performance analysis. Some counselling firms spend significant time in the region of best practice and offer pre-made formats to institutionalize business process documentation. Now and again, a best practice is not pertinent or is improper for a specific association’s needs. This assignment will define what particle was required to enhance and maintain the best practice of domestic inquiry to protect the rights at work.

WhatsApp ongoing in 2009 universal and is very general with 32 million Malaysia members. There is a lot of divergence regarding WhatsApp being social applications or instant messaging service. Google Play lists WhatsApp as a FREE messaging app that available for Android and other smartphones and is available on the web WhatsApp since Jan 2015. WhatsApp accomplishes all standards of social media as well-defined, so it can be called as a social tool. WhatsApp Messenger it is used for personal connections, professional groups and broadcasting. WhatsApp was initially used by families & friends to connect with each other. But is progressively being used by students to share their academics homework or research that related information exchange for professionals. Many leaders or supervisors are already using WhatsApp to connect with their research scholars either on one.

This study aims to examine the employers' perception on the generic skills of the MTU engineering students after their industrial training. The related generic skills in this study are problem-solving skills, leadership skills, communication skills, management skills, entrepreneurial skills, critical thinking skills, decision making skills, teamwork skills and interpersonal skill. The sample of this study consists of 144 employers from EEE (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) field industries that has been chosen from whole Malaysia using random sampling. The design of the study uses quantitative survey approach specifically descriptive analysis where data analysis is done in the form of mean, frequencies and percentages. (The results show that employers' perceptions on the level for students' leadership skills is at a moderate low of 2.77.On the other hand, the students' communication skills is at a moderate low level of 2.83, management skills at a moderate high level of 3.34, interpersonal skills at a moderate high level of 3.37, problem-solving skills at a moderate high level of 3.70, critical thinking skills at a moderate high level of 3.47, decision-making skills at moderate high of 4.13 and teamwork skills at moderate high of 3.64 and entrepreneurial skills at moderate low of 2.59. ) Referring to the findings that it can help the university to re-evaluate the industry training curriculum to improve the quality of the student's generic skills. Therefore, it is hoped that these research findings can be used by related authorities (Ministry Higher Education and Industry) to improve the students' overall generic skills and consequently produce quality graduates not only in technical skills but also in generic skills. This findings will be used as a guideline in the improvement of the industry training curriculum by looking at the weakest level of generic skills based on the employer's perception.

This study aims to examine the employers' perception on the generic skills of the MTU engineering students after their industrial training. The related generic skills in this study are problem-solving skills, leadership skills, communication skills, management skills, entrepreneurial skills, critical thinking skills, decision making skills, teamwork skills and interpersonal skill. The sample of this study consists of 144 employers from EEE (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) field industries that has been chosen from whole Malaysia using random sampling. The design of the study uses quantitative survey approach specifically descriptive analysis where data analysis is done in the form of mean, frequencies and percentages. (The results show that employers' perceptions on the level for students' leadership skills is at a moderate low of 2.77.On the other hand, the students' communication skills is at a moderate low level of 2.83, management skills at a moderate high level of 3.34, interpersonal skills at a moderate high level of 3.37, problem-solving skills at a moderate high level of 3.70, critical thinking skills at a moderate high level of 3.47, decision-making skills at moderate high of 4.13 and teamwork skills at moderate high of 3.64 and entrepreneurial skills at moderate low of 2.59. ) Referring to the findings that it can help the university to re-evaluate the industry training curriculum to improve the quality of the student's generic skills. Therefore, it is hoped that these research findings can be used by related authorities (Ministry Higher Education and Industry) to improve the students' overall generic skills and consequently produce quality graduates not only in technical skills but also in generic skills. This findings will be used as a guideline in the improvement of the industry training curriculum by looking at the weakest level of generic skills based on the employer's perception.

According to Murray (2018), employees is a person who performs services under an organisation and their respective organisation can control the action of that person in that specific organisation. An organisation, institution, government entity, agency, company, professional services firm or small business who controls and directs an employees under an implied contract and pay them salary know as an employer (M. Heathfield, 2018). An agreement occurs between an employee and employer known as employment contract. An employment contract is a written document where states the rights and responsibilities of the two parties (Doyle, 2018).

Collective bring out the meaning of group while bargaining is the negotiation which include terms and any transaction whereby for this topic collective bargaining can be define as something that refers to the actual process such as the worker gather and together start to bargain or make a deal with management on the key of term and condition that are stated in the employment act. Some association which is any business relationship direct which is simply the workers separately advocate while associations advocate for themselves by control work costs and augment representative adequacy. There are additionally association which is the outsider arranges different terms and states of work in the interest of numerous representatives at one time and this is known as aggregate dealing. The outsider attempting to speak to numerous representatives altogether is known as a worker's organisation (Collins, 2018).

Generally, maternity leave is a time of holiday given to women before and after childbirth. The leave is being given to the women to care for new-born child. This leave also for the mother to recover themselves after having an operation to having their child. Maternity leave also includes a leave before the expected birth. This is because to give a chance for the mother to have last preparation and wait until the last moment, so they can maximize their time with the baby once it arrives.

The origin of contention idea is proportional to the historical backdrop of mankind. The event of contentions in each condition in which human is available appears to us as ordinary. The subject of the contention, particularly beginning from 1970's has been the focal point of fascination of authoritative life especially in the USA and the world. Indeed, one of the outcomes that makes individuals pitiful and the other one that causes workforce misfortunes and time loss of the associations has prompted nations to set up associations and has driven the associations to go to effectively to preparing so as to limit these issues (Dağlı & Sığrı, 2014).

Knowledge is basic in regular work. Everybody realizes how to complete his work and this learning can be reused later in comparative undertakings by embracing this information to another circumstance. The universally useful of Knowledge Management (KM) is to make learning usable for more than one individual, for example for an association in general; that is, to share it. New learning put together perspectives with respect to associations recommend that it is information that holds association’s together (Brown & Duguid, 1998).

“Artificial intelligence” is a synthetic term which – due to its suggestive potential – has caused many misunderstandings and false expectations. Its origin can be traced back to the year 1956. This year was important in many aspects. For example, the book “Automata Studies” came out, compiling now famous articles in the field of cybernetics (Shannon & McCarthy, 1956). Since the first appearance of the words “artificial intelligence”, usually associated with John McCarthy’s 1956 Dartmouth Summer Research Project, interest in the topic and research into the development of intelligent machines has seen several ups and downs.

Retirement can possibly be a distressing life progress in late adulthood, frequently setting off a wide scope of huge changes, for example, lost stable salary, detachment from partners at work and an expansion in unstructured time. Most people spend their adult years in the workhour so retirement represents freedom and rest. Retirement ages, or the age when some sort of government pension can be received, differs around the world. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average for a normal pension age is currently 64.3 years for men and 63.7 years for women (Baker, 2018).

The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 came into existence in April 1947. It was enacted to make provisions for investigation and settlement of industrial disputes and for providing certain safeguards to the workers. Some of workplace relationships invariably involve conflict or disputes. Some of this dispute will be processed through the machinery or conciliation or arbitration and will be settled by Industrial Relations. What is a “trade dispute”? The definition of a trade dispute was contained in the Trade Dispute Act (1906)

Retrenchment in layman’s term is known as ‘reduction of workforce’ whereas in lawful terms it is respected as “termination of contract’. The industrial court restricted the utilization of the term ‘retrenchment’ to cruel a release of excess work. In the HR term, ‘retrenchment’ is characterized as a movement to legitimately end any work contract with the representative by advertising a recompense bundle. Such offer to conserve may come into as common acknowledgment or constrained upon by one party which of course would be the employer (Retrenchment – Understanding, Process and Procedures - rss - NHRC, 2014).

This study aims to examine the employers' perception on the generic skills of the MTU engineering students after their industrial training. The related generic skills in this study are problem-solving skills, leadership skills, communication skills, management skills, entrepreneurial skills, critical thinking skills, decision making skills, teamwork skills and interpersonal skill. The sample of this study consists of 144 employers from EEE (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) field industries that has been chosen from whole Malaysia using random sampling. The design of the study uses quantitative survey approach specifically descriptive analysis where data analysis is done in the form of mean, frequencies and percentages. (The results show that employers' perceptions on the level for students' leadership skills is at a moderate low of 2.77.On the other hand, the students' communication skills is at a moderate low level of 2.83, management skills at a moderate high level of 3.34, interpersonal skills at a moderate high level of 3.37, problem-solving skills at a moderate high level of 3.70, critical thinking skills at a moderate high level of 3.47, decision-making skills at moderate high of 4.13 and teamwork skills at moderate high of 3.64 and entrepreneurial skills at moderate low of 2.59. ) Referring to the findings that it can help the university to re-evaluate the industry training curriculum to improve the quality of the student's generic skills. Therefore, it is hoped that these research findings can be used by related authorities (Ministry Higher Education and Industry) to improve the students' overall generic skills and consequently produce quality graduates not only in technical skills but also in generic skills. This findings will be used as a guideline in the improvement of the industry training curriculum by looking at the weakest level of generic skills based on the employer's perception.