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This study has been conducted to compare the growth characteristics of three species of Alyssum minus, A. szwitsianum, and A. desertorum over two years of 2017 and 2018 in a randomized complete block design with three replication at Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. The measured traits include yield characteristics such as total dry weight, leaf, stem, root, and seed dry weight; morphological characteristics like plant height, maximum and minimum plant diameter, plant cover, and stem number; and phenological characteristics such as the number of days to flowering, seeding, and seed ripening. The highest biological and seed yield belong to A. minus, equal to 1003 and 375 kg/ha respectively, while A. desertorum shows the lowest rates, i.e., 559 and 207 kg/ha, respectively. Morphological traits analysis demonstrate that A. minus has had the highest rates of plant height, stem number, plant diameter, and cover. A. minus and A. desertorum with 101 and 95 days to seed ripening have the longest and shortest lifelong species. The highest correlation rates between seed yield with other characteristics have been biological yield (0.90), plant height (0.79), stem number (0.76), and cover (0.75). Overall, results from this study show that A. minus has displayed the highest yield potential among the studied species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction is presented to the article "The effect of different levels of urea and planting density on the phytochemical characteristics, alkaloids, and yield of the medicinal plant jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.)."

The chemical composition of the essential oils in 11 populations of Thymus daenensis subsp. daenensis Cleak was evaluated using GC and GC/MS. Carvacrol, thymol and geraniol were found as the main constituents in the oils of the tested populations. Variation of the oils in populations was subjected to cluster analysis and three different chemotypes including carvacrol (47.3-80.1%), thymol (53.1-72.2%) and geraniol (65.6-75.7%) were identified. Other important components were β-caryophyllene (1.7-9%), p-cymene (0.1-10.9%) and γ-terpinene (0.1-7.8%). Although Thymus is known as having high thymol content in its oil, it is revealed that T. daenensis subsp. daenensis has also a high potential for carvacrol and geraniol constituents in the oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four abietane-type terpenoids, including two known royleanones and two new, rearranged 20-norabietanes, were isolated from the roots of the Iranian medicinal plant Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Bentham (Lamiaceae), which is used as an anthelmintic and antileishmanial remedy. Their structures were established using COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC spectral data. The possible identity of one of the 20-norabietanes with demethylmulticauline, previously reported from a different Salvia species, is discussed. A moderate in vitro antiplasmodial effect of the extract of S. hydrangea flowers was found to be associated with the presence of large amounts of pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly oleanolic acid. The observed antiplasmodial activity of oleanolic acid is apparently due to its incorporation into the erythrocyte membrane, which adversely affects the growth of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Thus, oleanolic acid caused transformation of erythrocytes into stomatocytes in the concentration range where the in vitro antiplasmodial activity was observed.