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This study investigates the effect of synthesis and operating parameters on the adsorption of CO2 and N2 and the CO2/N2 selectivity of a hypercrosslinked adsorbent based on waste-expanded polystyrene. Six factors were examined, including synthesis time, crosslinker and catalyst amounts, adsorption temperature and pressure, and CO2 percentage in the mixture. The response surface methodology (RSM) and ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) were employed to design the experiment. After synthesizing 19 adsorbents under different conditions, characterization tests were conducted. Results indicate that the specific surface area and micropore volume initially increase and then decrease with increased synthesis time, crosslinker, and catalyst amounts. The highest specific surface area and micropore volume were 803.84 m2/g and 0.1355 cm3/g, respectively. CO2/N2 selectivity and the adsorption of CO2 and N2 also increase and decrease with increased synthesis parameters. Furthermore, it was observed that CO2 adsorption and CO2/N2 selectivity increased with an increase in pressure and CO2 percentage and a decrease in temperature, while N2 adsorption decreased. The adsorbents were optimized using RSM to maximize CO2 adsorption and CO2/N2 selectivity with a target of 15 % CO2 in the gas mixture. The optimal synthesis parameters for the hypercrosslinked adsorbent, including synthesis time, crosslinker, and catalyst amounts, were determined to be approximately 13 hours, 30 mmol, and 30 mmol, respectively. Under optimal conditions for flue gas applications (CO2:N2/15:85), the adsorbent demonstrated a CO2/N2 selectivity of 11.05, making it suitable for flue gas capture.

Objective: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a highly heterogeneous leukemia. Despite the current improvement inconventional chemotherapy and high survival rates, the outcomes remain challenging. Sesquiterpen extracted from theTanacetum parthenium, parthenolide, is a potential anticancer agent that can modulate the expression of miRNAs and induceapoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of parthenolide in combination with vincristine and alone onthe apoptosis rate and expression of miR-125b-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-17-5p in the NALM6 cell line.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, cell viability and metabolic activity were determined through MTTassay and PI staining. Flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the rate of apoptosis. The expression of miRNAs wasassessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatic analyses, including Cytoscape, RNAhybrid, andsignaling pathway analysis were employed to investigate the association of miR-17-5p, miR-181b-5p and miR-125b-5p with apoptosis. Further, molecular docking served to validate the modulation of these miRNAs by parthenolide andvincristine treatment.Results: The MTT assay indicated that 7.7 μM of parthenolide decreased the metabolic activity to 50% after 48 hours. PIstaining analysis indicated that at concentrations below the half maximal inhibitory concentration, parthenolide caused50% cell death. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that parthenolide (1.925 μM) in combination with vincristine (1.2 nM)induced apoptosis in 83.2% of the cells. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR)analysis showed significant changes in the expression levels of miR-17-5p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-181b-5p.Moreover, the combination therapy downregulated the expression of miRNAs significantly. This was consistent with ourbioinformatic analysis demonstrating that the studied miRNAs are regulators of apoptosis. Finally, molecular dockingvalidated the modulation of the miRNAs by parthenolide and vincristine.Conclusion: Parthenolide in combination with vincristine triggers apoptosis at a high rate in the NALM6 cell line.Moreover, this combination therapy can decrease the expression of miR-17-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-125b-5p.

Decreased sound tolerance (DST) is the most common sensory difficulty experienced by autistic individuals. Parents of 88 autistic children and young adults between the ages of 3 and 30 described coping strategies and physical and emotional responses used to deal with distressing sounds, and their impact on daily activities. Loud, sudden, and high-pitched sounds were most commonly endorsed as distressing, most often causing autistic children and young adults to cover their ears or yell, while producing stress, irritation, fear, and anxiety. Parents reported warning their child, providing breaks, or avoiding noisy settings as the most used coping strategies. Overall, findings indicate that DST leads to fewer opportunities for autistic children and young adults to participate at home, at school, and in the community. Further, results suggest hyperacusis, misophonia, and phonophobia, subtypes of DST, are present in autistic children and young adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the indices of creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the fields of humanities. Methodology: This is a descriptive and quantitative study. The statistical population of the present study included experts, experts, and expert managers based in Khuzestan province who were active in knowledge and commercialization companies. The researcher-made questionnaire was randomly distributed among 160 subjects who were selected through a census method. Since the population size is equal to the sample size, the whole number method was used. In the questionnaire, the relationships between the elements and the identification of indices were analyzed using Smart PLS3 software and the indices were ranked using SPSS 25 software and the results were tested using Kendall's coefficient of correlation. Findings: To achieve the goal of the present study, in the first step, with comprehensive library studies and evaluation of the results of relevant past studies, a number of dimensions and indicators of creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the humanities were identified and extracted. In the second step, using the Delphi method and distributing a researcher made questionnaire among 20 experts who were experts in the field of knowledge-based economy, another group of dimensions and indices were extracted. Then, by combining the results of these two steps, the final effective components were developed. The results of the research showed that six main indices and 22 sub-indices influence the creation and development of knowledge based companies in the fields of humanities. The results of ranking the indices of establishing and development of knowledge-based companies in the humanities showed that the indice of educational and research activities is the most important and the indice of publishing and disseminating knowledge is the least important. Conclusion: The results showed that the research indices are as follows: Educational and research activities index, Management and policy index, Platform and infrastructure index, Communication and scientific networks index, Knowledge dissemination and dissemination index. The overall result showed that the humanities could be the catalyst for commercialization in the creation and development of knowledge-based companies. Knowledge-based companies also provide an opportunity for the humanities to depart from the theoretical field and play a role in the application of humanities in the field of practice and the real environment of society. Finally, a model of indicators and factors for the creation and development of knowledge-based companies in the fields of humanities was presented. The obtained model states that all these indicators are necessary for the success of the applied approach of the humanities in the knowledge-based companies and in the absence of any of these indicators, commercialization and application of the humanities can be challenged. The obtained model indicates that all indices are necessary for the success of the approach to the application of humanities in knowledge-based companies; the absence of any of these indicators can challenge the commercialization and application of the humanities. It is recommended to strengthen the approach of application in the humanities compared to other natural sciences.

Objective: Considering the importance of knowledge-based companies, this study aimed to determine the framework for the establishment and development of these companies in Humanities. Methodology: In this research, a qualitative research grounded theory method was used, utilizing a set of data for the theory establishment. The statistical population consisted of specialists, experts and managers of knowledge-based companies located in Khuzestan province. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from 16 samples from among people described above who were selected through targeted sampling. The main criterion for determining the sample size was to achieve a theoretical saturation point. Findings: Based on the procedure of grounded theory, during the triple stages of coding, open, axial, and selective, 403 open sources and 289 final extracted codes were constructed in the form of 79 concepts and categorized into 6 main categories and 30 subcategories. Open coding consisted of subcategories related to causal, contextual, mediating and pivotal conditions and also strategies, and consequences. The axial phenomenon is based on establishing and developing of Knowledge based companies in Humanities. The theory is represented at the selective coding stage (theorizing) according to the research results. Conclusion: The pattern extracted analyzing the findings of the research, included four steps: the initial idea, the research and development step, the step of transferring the research results, and the productivity step; also six main strategies were obtained including: management and policy, educational and research activities, platforms and infrastructures, communications and scientific networks, publication and dissemination of knowledge and innovation. Combining variables and the six main strategies, the final model of the process of creating and developing knowledge-based companies in the Humanities was formed. The process of creation and development begins with the creation of ideas, and then covers the stages of scientific research and development of the idea, achievement of results and findings, documentation and transfer of results, making the research findings practical and efficient, the market presentation and the preservation of business position. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to consider and provide a broader view of how to set the conditions and factors affecting this process and its various prerequisites. In other words, in order to succeed in establishing the knowledge-based companies and their development in the fields of Humanities, it is necessary for the academic sector to develop the capacities and capabilities needed to create, develop and transfer research results. This requires the ability to reform research policies, institutionalizing, gaining expertise and skills and etc. In the macroeconomic, political and legal environments of the country, there should also be favorable conditions for the establishment, development and transfer of technology from the academic sector.

Introduction and purpose: Spiritual intelligence is obtained from a set of spiritual abilities and interests, personality traits, special cognitive abilities, and neurological processes. Emotional intelligence is a revolutionary development in understanding the relationship between intellection and emotion. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence in undergraduate nursing students of Abadan School of Medical Sciences.Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on a total of 125 subjects. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The data were collected utilizing the Bar-On emotional intelligence and King spiritual intelligence questionnaires. The validity and reliability of both questionnaires were approved. Eventually, the data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression tests by SPSS 16.Results: There was a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence among students (P0/05). It should be noted that all the components of emotional intelligence were able to predict spiritual intelligence.Conclusion: Through the enhancement of emotional intelligence in students, spiritual intelligence can be strengthened and improve the spiritual atmosphere and positive attitudes of students. Therefore, the educational staff of Abadan School of Medical Sciences can help students with providing necessary trainings regarding the increase of spiritual and emotional intelligence.

Introduction and purpose: Knowledge and attitude of administrators regarding accreditation play a significant role in its successful implementation. Thus, designing and implementing a survey is necessary to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of hospital executive management teams in the accreditation of Abadan and Khorramshahr hospitals, Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the first half of 2017. The statistical population of this study consisted of all members of the executive management teams of Abadan and Khorramshahr hospitals. The sampling method was census-based and the sample size was 46 persons. Data collection was conducted by using a questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were already confirmed. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics. Results: More than half of the participants had a great amount of knowledge about the requirements, goals, principles, and concepts of accreditation standards, as well as the need to participate in accreditation courses. More than 50% of the participants also had high expectations and positive attitudes towards the impact of accreditation on increasing public trust, improving the face of hospital, enhancing service quality, increasing patient satisfaction, raising safety and services, and improving hospital processes. There was a non-significant relationship between knowledge and attitude among the participants. Conclusion: Regarding the average awareness of hospital managers about accreditation, education and awareness-raising among them seems to be necessary. Considering the high score of managers’ attitudes and expectations regarding accreditation, the process of accreditation in these hospitals is hoped to be more effective, such that it will result in higher patient safety and satisfaction.

Synthesis of Ag-coated BiVO4 nano/heterostructured photocatalysts was carried out through a two-step process, and their performance was comprehensively evaluated, in this study. The as-synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). Ag nanoparticles were successfully coated on walnut-like BiVO4 microarchitectures assembled from sphere-shaped nanostructures. Based on the optical results, Ag coating could effectively promote visible light absorption and greatly increase the light absorption threshold because of the synergistic effect on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Evaluations of nano/heterostructures' photo-reactivity were conducted by photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous environment subject to visible light irradiation (VLI). All Ag-BiVO4 nano/heterostructured samples showed improved photocatalytic efficiencies compared to Pure-BiVO4 sample, as approved by optical absorption studies. The Schottky scheme mechanism, which introduced a charge transfer route at the metal–semiconductor interface, was also discussed for photocatalytic reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a highly heterogeneous leukemia. Despite the current improvement in conventional chemotherapy and high survival rates, the outcomes remain challenging. Sesquiterpen extracted from the Tanacetum parthenium, parthenolide, is a potential anticancer agent that can modulate the expression of miRNAs and induce apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of parthenolide in combination with vincristine and alone on the apoptosis rate and expression of miR-125b-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-17-5p in the NALM6 cell line. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, cell viability and metabolic activity were determined through MTT assay and PI staining. Flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the rate of apoptosis. The expression of miRNAs was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatic analyses, including Cytoscape, RNAhybrid, and signaling pathway analysis were employed to investigate the association of miR-17-5p, miR-181b-5p and miR-125b5p with apoptosis. Further, molecular docking served to validate the modulation of these miRNAs by parthenolide and vincristine treatment. Results: The MTT assay indicated that 7.7 µM of parthenolide decreased the metabolic activity to 50% after 48 hours. PI staining analysis indicated that at concentrations below the half maximal inhibitory concentration, parthenolide caused 50% cell death. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that parthenolide (1.925 µM) in combination with vincristine (1.2 nM) induced apoptosis in 83.2% of the cells. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) analysis showed significant changes in the expression levels of miR-17-5p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-181b-5p. Moreover, the combination therapy downregulated the expression of miRNAs significantly. This was consistent with our bioinformatic analysis demonstrating that the studied miRNAs are regulators of apoptosis. Finally, molecular docking validated the modulation of the miRNAs by parthenolide and vincristine. Conclusion: Parthenolide in combination with vincristine triggers apoptosis at a high rate in the NALM6 cell line. Moreover, this combination therapy can decrease the expression of miR-17-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-125b-5p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peripheral blood film morphology in neonates is significantly different from the adults as neonatal erythrocytes show a marked heterogeneity. Moreover, there seem to be a more significant numbers of irregular shaped red blood cells such as stomatocytes, keratocytes, schistocytes, and acantocytes in newborns, particularly in preterm infants. This review study focused on the red blood cell morphology in term and preterm neonates to detect clues to distinguish between the peripheral blood film of newborns under physiological and pathological conditions. Methods: The peripheral blood findings and blood cell counts in preterm and term neonates were studied and compared to each other using available scientific databases and indexing systems such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: This approach is a simple, cost-effective, quick, and informative method to distinguish between physiological and pathological conditions in neonates and detect hematological disorders. Conclusions: Peripheral blood film plays a crucial role in diagnosing anemia and blood-related diseases, determining the type of anemia, and identifying specific morphological abnormalities of red cell membrane disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives : The main mission of the hospitals in the health system is to provide quality care for patients and fulfilling their needs and expectations. This study was conducted with the aim of quality evaluation of emergency department services from patients’ viewpoint in Shiraz Nemazee hospital. Material and Methods : This was an analytic descriptive study performed as cross sectional in 2014-2015. The population of this study consisted of all the patients admitted to the emergency department of Nemazee hospital. Sample size was determined 582 patients with simple sampling method. Data were collected through SERVQUAL questionnaire. Questionnaire validity was confirmed using experts’ opinion and factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed 87% using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The questionnaire measured quality gap in six dimensions including: tangibles, reliability, assurance, empathy, responsiveness and access to services. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and applying descriptive statistics tests, paired t-test, independent t-test and One-way analysis variance. Results : The results showed that the biggest and smallest gaps in the studied dimensions were as follows: assurance (-0/55±0/86), responsiveness (-0/31±0/98). There was a significant difference between expectations and perceptions in tangibles, reliability and access to services dimensions (P>0/05) and there was no significant difference in responsiveness, assurance and empathy dimensions (P Conclusion : The quality of services in the emergency department of the hospital was suitable but significant quality gaps in some aspects in the hospital suggest that managers need to pay more attention to quality improvement programs to provide patients more satisfaction. ​

Objective (s): With more than 12 million new cases of cancers and nearly 7.6 million deaths all around the world in 2007, cancer currently is the third leading cause of death in the world. This study was conducted to determine medical and non-medical direct costs of cancer patients’ hospitalized in Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. All patients over 20 years old with cancer including breast, prostate, leukemia, lymphatic, stomach, liver, lung, bladder, uterine and intestine cancers. Initially eligible patients invited to participate in this study. The data was collected through structured interviews with patients and or their caregivers. The data, then, was analyzed using the SPSS software Results: The mean of non-medical direct costs for one month was 2,470,000±2,860,000 Rials. The mean of medical direct costs for one month was 21,550,000±16,980,000 Rials. The mean of total costs paid by patients was 24,020,000±17,300,000 Rials for one month. Conclusion: Patients pay a huge cost for cancer treatment. In order to support patients, health care system should find ways to decrease out-of-pocket payments by cancer patients.

Background and Aim: To perform plans and achieve their goals, organizations are in need of different factors. One of the most important of which is the existence of an ideal organizational climate and participation. The main goal of this study is to determine the relationship between organizational climate and faculty members' participation in decision makings at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences (SSUMS) in Yazd. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study induced in 2011-2012. The research population comprised all 292 SSUMS faculty members. 72 members were selected through random-category sampling method. For data collection, two questionnaires included organizational climate and participation were used. The reliability of two questionnaires were 0.86 and 0.85, respectively, using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The validity of both questionnaires were confirmed by expert panel. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. For descriptive results, and used Pearson test for Analytical results. Results: The average of total participation rate for faculty members was computed to be 3.43. The total figure for organizational climate with a mean of 82.6 was obtained from the total average of micro-scale scores. A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.418 showed that there was a direct relationship between organizational climate and faculty members' participation. Conclusion: In spite of weakness of counselling system and team work system, and approach diversity between the faculty members, they are enthusiastic to cooperate to solve the university problems. Therefore we suggest more financial and spiritual mechanisms for autonomy of the faculty members.