29 results on '"Bahalim, A"'
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Lim, Stephen S, Vos, Theo, Flaxman, Abraham D, Danaei, Goodarz, Shibuya, Kenji, Adair-Rohani, Heather, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Amann, Markus, Anderson, H Ross, Andrews, Kathryn G, Aryee, Martin, Atkinson, Charles, Bacchus, Loraine J, Bahalim, Adil N, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balmes, John, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle L, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona, Bonner, Carissa, Borges, Guilherme, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Brauer, Michael, Brooks, Peter, Bruce, Nigel G, Brunekreef, Bert, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bull, Fiona, Burnett, Richard T, Byers, Tim E, Calabria, Bianca, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carnahan, Emily, Chafe, Zoe, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Jian Shen, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Child, Jennifer Christine, Cohen, Aaron, Colson, K Ellicott, Cowie, Benjamin C, Darby, Sarah, Darling, Susan, Davis, Adrian, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dentener, Frank, Jarlais, Don C Des, Devries, Karen, Dherani, Mukesh, Ding, Eric L, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim, Edmond, Karen, Ali, Suad Eltahir, Engell, Rebecca E, Erwin, Patricia J, Fahimi, Saman, Falder, Gail, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ferrari, Alize, Finucane, Mariel M, Flaxman, Seth, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R, Freedman, Greg, Freeman, Michael K, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ghosh, Santu, Giovannucci, Edward, Gmel, Gerhard, Graham, Kathryn, Grainger, Rebecca, Grant, Bridget, Gunnell, David, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Hall, Wayne, Hoek, Hans W, Hogan, Anthony, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian, Hu, Howard, Hubbell, Bryan J, Hutchings, Sally J, Ibeanusi, Sydney E, Jacklyn, Gemma L, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, Jonas, Jost B, Kan, Haidong, Kanis, John A, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Kawakami, Norito, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatibzadeh, Shahab, Khoo, Jon-Paul, and Kok, Cindy
- Subjects
Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Prevention ,Tobacco ,Burden of Illness ,Nutrition ,Pediatric ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,2.3 Psychological ,social and economic factors ,Aetiology ,Respiratory ,Cardiovascular ,Good Health and Well Being ,Clean Water and Sanitation ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Age Factors ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Child ,Child ,Preschool ,Female ,Global Health ,Humans ,Infant ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Mortality ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Risk Assessment ,Risk Factors ,Sex Factors ,Young Adult ,Medical and Health Sciences ,General & Internal Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundQuantification of the disease burden caused by different risks informs prevention by providing an account of health loss different to that provided by a disease-by-disease analysis. No complete revision of global disease burden caused by risk factors has been done since a comparative risk assessment in 2000, and no previous analysis has assessed changes in burden attributable to risk factors over time.MethodsWe estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010. We estimated exposure distributions for each year, region, sex, and age group, and relative risks per unit of exposure by systematically reviewing and synthesising published and unpublished data. We used these estimates, together with estimates of cause-specific deaths and DALYs from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, to calculate the burden attributable to each risk factor exposure compared with the theoretical-minimum-risk exposure. We incorporated uncertainty in disease burden, relative risks, and exposures into our estimates of attributable burden.FindingsIn 2010, the three leading risk factors for global disease burden were high blood pressure (7·0% [95% uncertainty interval 6·2-7·7] of global DALYs), tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·3% [5·5-7·0]), and alcohol use (5·5% [5·0-5·9]). In 1990, the leading risks were childhood underweight (7·9% [6·8-9·4]), household air pollution from solid fuels (HAP; 7·0% [5·6-8·3]), and tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·1% [5·4-6·8]). Dietary risk factors and physical inactivity collectively accounted for 10·0% (95% UI 9·2-10·8) of global DALYs in 2010, with the most prominent dietary risks being diets low in fruits and those high in sodium. Several risks that primarily affect childhood communicable diseases, including unimproved water and sanitation and childhood micronutrient deficiencies, fell in rank between 1990 and 2010, with unimproved water and sanitation accounting for 0·9% (0·4-1·6) of global DALYs in 2010. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa childhood underweight, HAP, and non-exclusive and discontinued breastfeeding were the leading risks in 2010, while HAP was the leading risk in south Asia. The leading risk factor in Eastern Europe, most of Latin America, and southern sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 was alcohol use; in most of Asia, North Africa and Middle East, and central Europe it was high blood pressure. Despite declines, tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke remained the leading risk in high-income north America and western Europe. High body-mass index has increased globally and it is the leading risk in Australasia and southern Latin America, and also ranks high in other high-income regions, North Africa and Middle East, and Oceania.InterpretationWorldwide, the contribution of different risk factors to disease burden has changed substantially, with a shift away from risks for communicable diseases in children towards those for non-communicable diseases in adults. These changes are related to the ageing population, decreased mortality among children younger than 5 years, changes in cause-of-death composition, and changes in risk factor exposures. New evidence has led to changes in the magnitude of key risks including unimproved water and sanitation, vitamin A and zinc deficiencies, and ambient particulate matter pollution. The extent to which the epidemiological shift has occurred and what the leading risks currently are varies greatly across regions. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risks are still those associated with poverty and those that affect children.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Published
- 2012
3. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Vos, Theo, Flaxman, Abraham D, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lozano, Rafael, Michaud, Catherine, Ezzati, Majid, Shibuya, Kenji, Salomon, Joshua A, Abdalla, Safa, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry, Ackerman, Ilana, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Ahn, Stephanie Y, Ali, Mohammed K, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Alvarado, Miriam, Anderson, H Ross, Anderson, Laurie M, Andrews, Kathryn G, Atkinson, Charles, Baddour, Larry M, Bahalim, Adil N, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Barrero, Lope H, Bartels, David H, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bennett, Derrick, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bhalla, Kavi, Bhandari, Bishal, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Abdulhak, Aref, Birbeck, Gretchen, Black, James A, Blencowe, Hannah, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona, Bolliger, Ian, Bonaventure, Audrey, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brayne, Carol, Bridgett, Lisa, Brooker, Simon, Brooks, Peter, Brugha, Traolach S, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey, Budke, Christine M, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter, Burstein, Roy, Calabria, Bianca, Campbell, Benjamin, Canter, Charles E, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carmona, Loreto, Cella, Claudia, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Chou, David, Chugh, Sumeet S, Coffeng, Luc E, Colan, Steven D, Colquhoun, Samantha, Colson, K Ellicott, Condon, John, Connor, Myles D, Cooper, Leslie T, Corriere, Matthew, Cortinovis, Monica, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, Couser, William, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Cross, Marita, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, Dahiya, Manu, Dahodwala, Nabila, Damsere-Derry, James, Danaei, Goodarz, Davis, Adrian, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dellavalle, Robert, Delossantos, Allyne, Denenberg, Julie, Derrett, Sarah, Jarlais, Don C Des, and Dharmaratne, Samath D
- Subjects
Epidemiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Pain Research ,Mental Health ,Infectious Diseases ,Prevention ,Rare Diseases ,Aetiology ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,2.4 Surveillance and distribution ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Age Factors ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Child ,Child ,Preschool ,Female ,Global Health ,Health Status ,Humans ,Incidence ,Infant ,Infant ,Newborn ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Prevalence ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Sex Factors ,Wounds and Injuries ,Young Adult ,Medical and Health Sciences ,General & Internal Medicine ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
BackgroundNon-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion and monitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and 2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at the global and regional level. Neither effort quantified uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).MethodsOf the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the 289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, and excess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notification, population-based cancer registries, other disease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys, other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, and large methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatial models, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), or registration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and other covariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs by cause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We included uncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis.FindingsGlobal prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per 1 million people to 350,000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated (correlation coefficient -0·37). In 2010, there were 777 million YLDs from all causes, up from 583 million in 1990. The main contributors to global YLDs were mental and behavioural disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes or endocrine diseases. The leading specific causes of YLDs were much the same in 2010 as they were in 1990: low back pain, major depressive disorder, iron-deficiency anaemia, neck pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anxiety disorders, migraine, diabetes, and falls. Age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010. Regional patterns of the leading causes of YLDs were more similar compared with years of life lost due to premature mortality. Neglected tropical diseases, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and anaemia were important causes of YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa.InterpretationRates of YLDs per 100,000 people have remained largely constant over time but rise steadily with age. Population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades. Prevalences of the most common causes of YLDs, such as mental and behavioural disorders and musculoskeletal disorders, have not decreased. Health systems will need to address the needs of the rising numbers of individuals with a range of disorders that largely cause disability but not mortality. Quantification of the burden of non-fatal health outcomes will be crucial to understand how well health systems are responding to these challenges. Effective and affordable strategies to deal with this rising burden are an urgent priority for health systems in most parts of the world.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Published
- 2012
4. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Murray, Christopher J L, Vos, Theo, Lozano, Rafael, Naghavi, Mohsen, Flaxman, Abraham D, Michaud, Catherine, Ezzati, Majid, Shibuya, Kenji, Salomon, Joshua A, Abdalla, Safa, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry, Ackerman, Ilana, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Ahn, Stephanie Y, Ali, Mohammed K, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Alvarado, Miriam, Anderson, H Ross, Anderson, Laurie M, Andrews, Kathryn G, Atkinson, Charles, Baddour, Larry M, Bahalim, Adil N, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Barrero, Lope H, Bartels, David H, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bennett, Derrick, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bhalla, Kavi, Bhandari, Bishal, Bikbov, Boris, Abdulhak, Aref Bin, Birbeck, Gretchen, Black, James A, Blencowe, Hannah, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona, Bolliger, Ian, Bonaventure, Audrey, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brayne, Carol, Bridgett, Lisa, Brooker, Simon, Brooks, Peter, Brugha, Traolach S, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey, Budke, Christine M, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter, Burstein, Roy, Calabria, Bianca, Campbell, Benjamin, Canter, Charles E, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carmona, Loreto, Cella, Claudia, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Chou, David, Chugh, Sumeet S, Coffeng, Luc E, Colan, Steven D, Colquhoun, Samantha, Colson, K Ellicott, Condon, John, Connor, Myles D, Cooper, Leslie T, Corriere, Matthew, Cortinovis, Monica, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, Couser, William, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Cross, Marita, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, Dahiya, Manu, Dahodwala, Nabila, Damsere-Derry, James, Danaei, Goodarz, Davis, Adrian, Leo, Diego De, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dellavalle, Robert, Delossantos, Allyne, Denenberg, Julie, Derrett, Sarah, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh, Diaz-Torne, Cesar, Dolk, Helen, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim, Duber, Herbert, Ebel, Beth, Edmond, Karen, Elbaz, Alexis, Ali, Suad Eltahir, Erskine, Holly, Erwin, Patricia J, Espindola, Patricia, Ewoigbokhan, Stalin E, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery, Felson, David T, Ferrari, Alize, Ferri, Cleusa P, Fèvre, Eric M, Finucane, Mariel M, Flaxman, Seth, Flood, Louise, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R, Fransen, Marlene, Freeman, Michael K, Gabbe, Belinda J, Gabriel, Sherine E, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ganatra, Hammad A, Garcia, Bianca, Gaspari, Flavio, Gillum, Richard F, Gmel, Gerhard, Gonzalez-Medina, Diego, Gosselin, Richard, Grainger, Rebecca, Grant, Bridget, Groeger, Justina, Guillemin, Francis, Gunnell, David, Gupta, Ramyani, Haagsma, Juanita, Hagan, Holly, Halasa, Yara A, Hall, Wayne, Haring, Diana, Haro, Josep Maria, Harrison, James E, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Higashi, Hideki, Hill, Catherine, Hoen, Bruno, Hoffman, Howard, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian, Huang, John J, Ibeanusi, Sydney E, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, James, Spencer L, Jarvis, Deborah, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, Jayaraman, Sudha, Johns, Nicole, Jonas, Jost B, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Kawakami, Norito, Keren, Andre, Khoo, Jon-Paul, King, Charles H, Knowlton, Lisa Marie, Kobusingye, Olive, Koranteng, Adofo, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Laden, Francine, Lalloo, Ratilal, Laslett, Laura L, Lathlean, Tim, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Yong Yi, Leigh, James, Levinson, Daphna, Lim, Stephen S, Limb, Elizabeth, Lin, John Kent, Lipnick, Michael, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Wei, Loane, Maria, Ohno, Summer Lockett, Lyons, Ronan, Mabweijano, Jacqueline, MacIntyre, Michael F, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mallinger, Leslie, Manivannan, Sivabalan, Marcenes, Wagner, March, Lyn, Margolis, David J, Marks, Guy B, Marks, Robin, Matsumori, Akira, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, McAnulty, John H, McDermott, Mary M, McGill, Neil, McGrath, John, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A, Mensah, George A, Merriman, Tony R, Meyer, Ana-Claire, Miglioli, Valeria, Miller, Matthew, Miller, Ted R, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles, Mocumbi, Ana Olga, Moffitt, Terrie E, Mokdad, Ali A, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moran, Andrew, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Murdoch, Michele E, Mwaniki, Michael K, Naidoo, Kovin, Nair, M Nathan, Naldi, Luigi, Narayan, K M Venkat, Nelson, Paul K, Nelson, Robert G, Nevitt, Michael C, Newton, Charles R, Nolte, Sandra, Norman, Paul, Norman, Rosana, O'Donnell, Martin, O'Hanlon, Simon, Olives, Casey, Omer, Saad B, Ortblad, Katrina, Osborne, Richard, Ozgediz, Doruk, Page, Andrew, Pahari, Bishnu, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, Rivero, Andrea Panozo, Patten, Scott B, Pearce, Neil, Padilla, Rogelio Perez, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Phillips, David, Phillips, Michael R, Pierce, Kelsey, Pion, Sébastien, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Polinder, Suzanne, Pope, C Arden, III, Popova, Svetlana, Porrini, Esteban, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prince, Martin, Pullan, Rachel L, Ramaiah, Kapa D, Ranganathan, Dharani, Razavi, Homie, Regan, Mathilda, Rehm, Jürgen T, Rein, David B, Remuzzi, Guiseppe, Richardson, Kathryn, Rivara, Frederick P, Roberts, Thomas, Robinson, Carolyn, De Leòn, Felipe Rodriguez, Ronfani, Luca, Room, Robin, Rosenfeld, Lisa C, Rushton, Lesley, Sacco, Ralph L, Saha, Sukanta, Sampson, Uchechukwu, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Sanman, Ella, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James Graham, Segui-Gomez, Maria, Shahraz, Saeid, Shepard, Donald S, Shin, Hwashin, Shivakoti, Rupak, Silberberg, Donald, Singh, David, Singh, Gitanjali M, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singleton, Jessica, Sleet, David A, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Emma, Smith, Jennifer L, Stapelberg, Nicolas JC, Steer, Andrew, Steiner, Timothy, Stolk, Wilma A, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Sudfeld, Christopher, Syed, Sana, Tamburlini, Giorgio, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taylor, Hugh R, Taylor, Jennifer A, Taylor, William J, Thomas, Bernadette, Thomson, W Murray, Thurston, George D, Tleyjeh, Imad M, Tonelli, Marcello, Towbin, Jeffrey A, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis K, Ubeda, Clotilde, Undurraga, Eduardo A, van der Werf, Marieke J, van Os, Jim, Vavilala, Monica S, Venketasubramanian, N, Wang, Mengru, Wang, Wenzhi, Watt, Kerrianne, Weatherall, David J, Weinstock, Martin A, Weintraub, Robert, Weisskopf, Marc G, Weissman, Myrna M, White, Richard A, Whiteford, Harvey, Wiebe, Natasha, Wiersma, Steven T, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Williams, Sean RM, Witt, Emma, Wolfe, Frederick, Woolf, Anthony D, Wulf, Sarah, Yeh, Pon-Hsiu, Zaidi, Anita KM, Zheng, Zhi-Jie, Zonies, David, and Lopez, Alan D
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9·1 million participants
- Author
-
Finucane, Mariel M, Stevens, Gretchen A, Cowan, Melanie J, Danaei, Goodarz, Lin, John K, Paciorek, Christopher J, Singh, Gitanjali M, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Lu, Yuan, Bahalim, Adil N, Farzadfar, Farshad, Riley, Leanne M, and Ezzati, Majid
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. O5-3.1 Global, regional and national trends in metabolic risk factors of chronic diseases: analysis of health surveys and epidemiologic studies since 1980
- Author
-
Danaei, G, Stevens, G, Finucane, M, Lin, J, Singh, G, Paciorek, C, Cowan, M, Farzadfar, F, Lim, S, Riley, L, Gutierrez, H, Lu, Y, Bahalim, A, Pelizzari, P, and Ezzati, M
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. National, regional, and global trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalences
- Author
-
Stevens Gretchen A, Singh Gitanjali M, Lu Yuan, Danaei Goodarz, Lin John K, Finucane Mariel M, Bahalim Adil N, McIntire Russell K, Gutierrez Hialy R, Cowan Melanie, Paciorek Christopher J, Farzadfar Farshad, Riley Leanne, and Ezzati Majid
- Subjects
Overweight ,Obesity ,Prevalence ,Population health ,Risk transition ,Global health ,Noncommunicable diseases ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Overweight and obesity prevalence are commonly used for public and policy communication of the extent of the obesity epidemic, yet comparable estimates of trends in overweight and obesity prevalence by country are not available. Methods We estimated trends between 1980 and 2008 in overweight and obesity prevalence and their uncertainty for adults 20 years of age and older in 199 countries and territories. Data were from a previous study, which used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate mean body mass index (BMI) based on published and unpublished health examination surveys and epidemiologic studies. Here, we used the estimated mean BMIs in a regression model to predict overweight and obesity prevalence by age, country, year, and sex. The uncertainty of the estimates included both those of the Bayesian hierarchical model and the uncertainty due to cross-walking from mean BMI to overweight and obesity prevalence. Results The global age-standardized prevalence of obesity nearly doubled from 6.4% (95% uncertainty interval 5.7-7.2%) in 1980 to 12.0% (11.5-12.5%) in 2008. Half of this rise occurred in the 20 years between 1980 and 2000, and half occurred in the 8 years between 2000 and 2008. The age-standardized prevalence of overweight increased from 24.6% (22.7-26.7%) to 34.4% (33.2-35.5%) during the same 28-year period. In 2008, female obesity prevalence ranged from 1.4% (0.7-2.2%) in Bangladesh and 1.5% (0.9-2.4%) in Madagascar to 70.4% (61.9-78.9%) in Tonga and 74.8% (66.7-82.1%) in Nauru. Male obesity was below 1% in Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Ethiopia, and was highest in Cook Islands (60.1%, 52.6-67.6%) and Nauru (67.9%, 60.5-75.0%). Conclusions Globally, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased since 1980, and the increase has accelerated. Although obesity increased in most countries, levels and trends varied substantially. These data on trends in overweight and obesity may be used to set targets for obesity prevalence as requested at the United Nations high-level meeting on Prevention and Control of NCDs.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: A comparative risk assessment
- Author
-
Danaei, G, Lu, Y, Singh, Gm, Carnahan, E, Stevens, Ga, Cowan, Mj, Farzadfar, F, Lin, Jk, Finucane, Mm, Rao, M, Khang, Yh, Riley, Lm, Mozaffarian, D, Lim, Ss, Ezzati, M, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, Na, Rahim, Hf, Addo, J, Aekplakorn, W, Afifi, Mm, Agabiti Rosei, E, Salinas, Ca, Agyemang, C, Ali, Mk, Ali, Mm, Al Nsour, M, Al Nuaim AR, Ambady, R, Di Angelantonio, E, Aro, P, Azizi, F, Babu, Bv, Bahalim, An, Barbagallo, Cm, Barbieri, Ma, Barceló, A, Barreto, Sm, Barros, H, Bautista, Le, Benetos, A, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Bonora, Enzo, Botana, Ma, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Breteler, Mm, Broda, G, Brown, Ij, Bursztyn, M, de León AC, Campos, H, Cappuccio, Fp, Capuano, V, Casiglia, E, Castellano, M, Castetbon, K, Cea, L, Chang, Cj, Chaouki, N, Chatterji, S, Chen, Cj, Chen, Z, Choi, Js, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, Lj, Cooper, Rs, Corsi, Am, Costanza, Mc, Craig, Cl, Dankner, Rs, Dastgiri, S, Delgado, E, Dinc, G, Doi, Y, Dong, Gh, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Eggertsen, R, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Erem, C, Esteghamati, A, Fall, Ch, Fan, Jg, Ferreccio, C, Fezeu, L, Firmo, Jo, Florez, Hj, Fornés, Ns, Fowkes, Fg, Franceschini, G, Frisk, F, Fuchs, Fd, Fuller, El, Getz, L, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, Lf, Gomez Zumaquero JM, Graff Iversen, S, Grant, Jf, Carvajal, Rg, Gulliford, Mc, Gupta, R, Gupta, Pc, Gureje, O, Gutierrez, Hr, Hansen, Tw, Hata, J, He, J, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Hennis, A, Herman, Wh, Herrera, Vm, Ho, S, Holdsworth, M, Frisman, Gh, Hopman, Wm, Hussain, A, Husseini, A, Ibrahim, Mm, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, Bk, Jaddou, Hy, Jafar, Th, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, Mr, Jonas, Jb, Kadiki, Oa, Kalter Leibovici, O, Kamadjeu, Rm, Kaptoge, S, Karalis, I, Kastarinen, Mj, Katz, J, Keinan Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Kiechl, S, Kim, Kw, Kiyohara, Y, Kobayashi, J, Krause, Mp, Kubínová, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Ys, Lam, Th, Langhammer, A, Lawes, Cm, Le, C, Lee, J, Lévy Marchal, C, Lewington, S, Li, Y, Lim, To, Lin, X, Lin, Cc, Lin, Hh, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, X, Lopez Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Maclean, Dr, Maggi, S, Magliano, Dj, Makdisse, M, Mancia, G, Mannami, T, Marques Vidal, P, Mbanya, Jc, McFarlane Anderson, N, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Minh, Hv, Miquel, Jf, Miranda, Jj, Mohamed, Mk, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, Wf, Morales, Dd, Morgan, K, Muiesan, Lm, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, Ka, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, Sw, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, Oliviero, Önal, Ae, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, Wh, Panagiotakos, Db, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, Vm, Pednekar, Ms, Pelizzari, Pm, Peres, Ma, Pérez, C, Pérez Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, Hp, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, Ot, Ramos, Lr, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, Kk, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes García, V, Roaeid, Rb, Robinson, Ca, Rodriguez Artalejo, F, Rojas Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero Bixby, L, Roth, Ga, Sachdev, Hs, Sánchez, Jr, Sanisoglu, Sy, Sans, S, Sarraf Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, Bd, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, Ij, Schooling, Cm, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, Ms, Serra Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, As, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, Xo, Silva, Da, Silva, E, Simons, La, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, Ad, Stergiou, Gs, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, Ab, Tai, Es, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, Gn, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, Rs, Tobias, M, Torheim, Le, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, Jo, Tur, Ja, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, Ai, Ukoli, Fa, Unwin, N, Hoorn, Sv, Vanderpump, Mp, Varo, Jj, Veierød, Mb, Velásquez Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Yx, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Welin, Lx, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, Xavier, Aj, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, Lc, Yoon, Js, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, Zhou, M, Ward, M., Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Collaboration, Danaei, G., Lu, Y., Singh, G.M., Carnahan, E., Stevens, G.A., Cowan, M.J., Farzadfar, F., Lin, J.K., Finucane, M.M., Rao, M., Khang, Y.H., Riley, L.M., Mozaffarian, D., Lim, S.S., Ezzati, M., Aamodt, G., Abdeen, Z., Abdella, N.A., Rahim, H.F., Addo, J., Aekplakorn, W., Afifi, M.M., Agabiti-Rosei, E., Salinas, C.A., Agyemang, C., Ali, M.K., Ali, M.M., Al-Nsour, M., Al-Nuaim, A.R., Ambady, R., Di Angelantonio, E., Aro, P., Azizi, F., Babu, B.V., Bahalim, A.N., Barbagallo, C.M., Barbieri, M.A., Barceló, A., Barreto, S.M., Barros, H., Bautista, L.E., Benetos, A., Bjerregaard, P., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Bobak, M., Bonora, E., Botana, M.A., Bovet, P., Breckenkamp, J., Breteler, M.M., Broda, G., Brown, I.J., Bursztyn, M., de León, A.C., Campos, H., Cappuccio, F.P., Capuano, V., Casiglia, E., Castellano, M., Castetbon, K., Cea, L., Chang, C.J., Chaouki, N., Chatterji, S., Chen, C.J., Chen, Z., Choi, J.S., Chua, L., Cífková, R., Cobiac, L.J., Cooper, R.S., Corsi, A.M., Costanza, M.C., Craig, C.L., Dankner, R.S., Dastgiri, S., Delgado, E., Dinc, G., Doi, Y., Dong, G.H., Dorsi, E., Dragano, N., Drewnowski, A., Eggertsen, R., Elliott, P., Engeland, A., Erem, C., Esteghamati, A., Fall, C.H., Fan, J.G., Ferreccio, C., Fezeu, L., Firmo, J.O., Florez, H.J., Fornés, N.S., Fowkes, F.G., Franceschini, G., Frisk, F., Fuchs, F.D., Fuller, E.L., Getz, L., Giampaoli, S., Gómez, L.F., Gomez-Zumaquero, J.M., Graff-Iversen, S., Grant, J.F., Carvajal, R.G., Gulliford, M.C., Gupta, R., Gupta, P.C., Gureje, O., Gutierrez, H.R., Hansen, T.W., Hata, J., He, J., Heim, N., Heinrich, J., Hemmingsson, T., Hennis, A., Herman, W.H., Herrera, V.M., Ho, S., Holdsworth, M., Frisman, G.H., Hopman, W.M., Hussain, A., Husseini, A., Ibrahim, M.M., Ikeda, N., Jacobsen, B.K., Jaddou, H.Y., Jafar, T.H., Janghorbani, M., Jasienska, G., Joffres, M.R., Jonas, J.B., Kadiki, O.A., Kalter-Leibovici, O., Kamadjeu, R.M., Kaptoge, S., Karalis, I., Kastarinen, M.J., Katz, J., Keinan-Boker, L., Kelly, P., Khalilzadeh, O., Kiechl, S., Kim, K.W., Kiyohara, Y., Kobayashi, J., Krause, M.P., Kubínová, R., Kurjata, P., Kusuma, Y.S., Lam, T.H., Langhammer, A., Lawes, C.M., Le, C., Lee, J., Lévy-Marchal, C., Lewington, S., Li, Y., Lim, T.O., Lin, X., Lin, C.C., Lin, H.H., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Liu, X., Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Lorbeer, R., Ma, G., Ma, S., Macià, F., MacLean, D.R., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Makdisse, M., Mancia, G., Mannami, T., Marques-Vidal, P., Mbanya, J.C., McFarlane-Anderson, N., Miccoli, R., Miettola, J., Minh, H.V., Miquel, J.F., Miranda, J.J., Mohamed, M.K., Mohan, V., Mohanna, S., Mokdad, A., Mollentze, W.F., Morales, D.D., Morgan, K., Muiesan, L.M., Muntoni, S., Nabipour, I., Nakagami, T., Nangia, V., Nemesure, B., Neovius, M., Nerhus, K.A., Nervi, F., Neuhauser, H., Nguyen, M., Ninomiya, T., Noale, M., Oh, S.W., Ohkubo, T., Olivieri, O., Önal, A.E., Onat, A., Oróstegui, M., Ouedraogo, H., Pan, W.H., Panagiotakos, D.B., Panza, F., Park, Y., Passos, V.M., Pednekar, M.S., Pelizzari, P.M., Peres, M.A., Pérez, C., Pérez-Fernández, R., Pichardo, R., Phua, H.P., Pistelli, F., Plans, P., Polakowska, M., Poulter, N., Prabhakaran, D., Qiao, Q., Rafiei, M., Raitakari, O.T., Ramos, L.R., Rampal, S., Rampal, L., Rasmussen, F., Reddy, K.K., Redon, J., Revilla, L., Reyes-García, V., Roaeid, R.B., Robinson, C.A., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., Rojas-Martinez, R., Ronkainen, K., Rosero-Bixby, L., Roth, G.A., Sachdev, H.S., Sánchez, J.R., Sanisoglu, S.Y., Sans, S., Sarraf-Zadegan, N., Scazufca, M., Schaan, B.D., Schapochnik, N., Schelleman, H., Schneider, I.J., Schooling, C.M., Schwarz, B., Sekuri, C., Sereday, M.S., Serra-Majem, L., Shaw, J., Shera, A.S., Shi, Z., Shiri, R., Shu, X.O., Silva, D.A., Silva, E., Simons, L.A., Smith, M., Söderberg, S., Soebardi, S., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soysal, A., Stattin, P., Stein, A.D., Stergiou, G.S., Stessman, J., Sudo, A., Suka, M., Sundh, V., Sundquist, K., Sundström, J., Swai, A.B., Tai, E.S., Tambs, K., Tesfaye, F., Thomas, G.N., Thorogood, M., Tilvis, R.S., Tobias, M., Torheim, L.E., Trenkwalder, P., Tuomilehto, J.O., Tur, J.A., Tzourio, C., Uhernik, A.I., Ukoli, F.A., Unwin, N., Hoorn, S.V., Vanderpump, M.P., Varo, J.J., Veierød, M.B., Velásquez-Meléndez, G., Verschuren, M., Viet, L., Villalpando, S., Vioque, J., Vollenweider, P., Volpato, S., Wang, N., Wang, Y.X., Ward, M., Waspadji, S., Welin, L.X., Whitlock, G., Wilhelmsen, L., Willeit, J., Woodward, M., Wormser, D., Xavier, A.J., Xu, F., Xu, L., Yamamoto, A., Yang, G., Yang, X., Yeh, L.C., Yoon, J.S., You, Q., Yu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zheng, W., Zhou, M., ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Public and occupational health, Danaei G, Lu Y, Singh GM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, Farzadfar F, Lin JK, Finucane MM, Rao M, Khang Y-H, Riley LM, Mozaffarian D, Lim SS, Ezzati M, Aamodt G, Abdeen Z, Abdella NA, Abdul Rahim HF, Addo J, Aekplakorn W, Afi fi MM, Agabiti-Rosei E, Aguilar Salinas CA, Agyemang C, Ali MK, Ali MM, Al-Nsour M, Al-Nuaim AR, Ambady R, Di Angelantonio E, Aro P, Azizi F, Babu BV, Bahalim AN, Barbagallo CM, Barbieri MA, Barcelo A, Barreto SM, Barros H, Bautista LE, Benetos A, Bjerregaard P, Bjorkelund C, Bo S, Bobak M, Bonora E, Botana MA, Bovet P, Breckenkamp J, Breteler MM, Broda G, Brown IJ, Bursztyn M, Cabrera de Leon A, Campos H, Cappuccio FP, Capuano V, Casiglia E, Castellano M, Castetbon K, Cea L, Chang C-J, Chaouki N, Chatterji S, Chen C-J, Chen Z, Choi J-S, Chua L, Cifkova R, Cobiac LJ, Cooper RS, Corsi AM, Costanza MC, Craig CL, Dankner RS, Dastgiri S, Delgado E, Dinc G, Doi Y, Dong G-H, Dorsi E, Dragano N, Drewnowski A, Eggertsen R, Elliott P, Anders Engeland, Erem C, Esteghamati A, Fall CHD, Fan J-G, Ferreccio C, Fezeu L, Firmo JO, Florez HF, Fornes NF, Fowkes FGR, Franceschini G, Frisk F, Fuchs FD, Fuller EL, Getz L, Giampaoli S, Gomez LF, Gomez-Zumaquero JM, Graff –Iversen S, Grant JF, Guerrero Carvajal R, Gulliford MC, Gupta R, Gupta PC, Gureje O, Gutierrez HR, Hansen TW, Hata J, He J, Heim N, Heinrich J, Hemmingsson T, Hennis A, Herman WH, Herrera VM, Ho S, Holdsworth M, Hollman Frisman G, Hopman WM, Hussain A, Husseini A, Ibrahim MM, Ikeda N, Jacobsen BK, Jaddou HY, Jafar TH, Janghorbani M, Jasienska G, Joffres MR, Jonas JB, Kadiki OA, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kamadjeu RM, Kaptoge S, Karalis I, Kastarinen MJ, Katz J, Keinan-Boker L, Kelly P, Khalilzadeh O, Kiechl S, Woong Kim KW, Kiyohara Y, Kobayashi J, Krause MP, Kubinova R, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Lam TH, Langhammer A, Lawes CMM, Le C, Lee J, Levy-Marchal C, Lewington S, Li Y, Lim TO, Lin X, Lin C-C, Lin H-H, Lind L, Lissner L, Liu X, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lorbeer R, Ma G, Ma S, Macia F, MacLean DR, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Makdisse M, Mancia G, Mannami T, Marques-Vidal P, Mbanya JCN, McFarlane-Anderson N, Miccoli R, Miettola J, Minh HV, Miquel JF, J Miranda JJ, Mohamed MK, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mokdad A, Mollentze WF, Morales DD, Morgan K, Muiesan LM, Muntoni S, Nabipour I, Nakagami T, Nangia V, Nemesure B, Neovius M, Nerhus KA, Nervi F, Neuhauser H, Nguyen M, Ninomiya T, Noale M, Oh SW, Ohkubo T, Olivieri O, Onal AE, Onat A, Orostegui M, Ouedraogo H, Pan W-A, Panagiotakos DB, Panza F, Park Y, Passos VMA, Pednekar MS, Pelizzari PM, Peres MA, Perez C, Perez-Fernandez R, Pichardo R, Hwee Pin Phua, Francesco Pistelli, Plans P, Polakowska M, Poulter N, Prabhakaran D, Qiao Q, Rafiei M, Raitakari OT, Ramos LR, Rampal S, Rampal L, Rasmussen F, Reddy KKR, Josep Redon J, Revilla L, Reyes-GarciaV, Roaeid RB, Robinson CA, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rojas-Martinez R, Ronkainen K, Rosero-Bixby L, Roth GA, Sachdev HS, Sanchez JR, Sanisoglu SY, Sans S, Sarraf-Zadegan N, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Schapochnik N, Schelleman H, Schneider IJC, Schooling CM, Schwarz B, Sekuri C, Sereday MS, Serra-Majem L, Shaw J, Shera AS, Shi Z, Shiri R, Shu XO, Santos Silva DA, Silva E, Simons LA, Smith M, Soderberg S, Soebardi S, Solfrizzi V, Sonestedt E, Soysal A, StattinP, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Sudo A, Suka M, Sundh V, Sundquist K, Sundstrom J, Swai AB, Tai ES, Tambs K, Tesfaye F, Thomas GN, Thorogood M, Tilvis RS, Tobias M, Torheim LE, Trenkwalder P, Tuomilehto JO, Tur JA, Tzourio C, Uhernik A, Ukoli FA, Unwin N, Vander Hoorn S, Vanderpump MP, Varo JJ, Veierod MB, Velasquez-Melendez G, Verschuren M, Viet L, Villalpando S, Vioque J, Vollenweider P, Volpato S, Wang N, Wang YX, Ward M, Waspadji S, Welin LX, Whitlock G, Wilhelmsen L, Willeit J, Woodward M, Wormser D, Xavier AJ, Xu F, Xu L, Yamamoto A, Yang G, Yang X, Yeh L-C, Yoon J-S, You Q, Yu Z, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zheng W, Zhou M, Danaei, G, Lu, Y, Singh, G, Carnahan, E, Stevens, G, Cowan, M, Farzadfar, F, Lin, J, Finucane, M, Rao, M, Khang, Y, Riley, L, Arian, D, Lim, S, Ezzati, M, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, N, Rahim, H, Addo, J, Aekplakorn, W, Afifi, M, Agabiti-Rosei, E, Salinas, C, Agyemang, C, Ali, M, Al-Nsour, M, Al-Nuaim, A, Ambady, R, Angelantonio, E, Aro, P, Azizi, F, Babu, B, Bahalim, A, Barbagallo, C, Barbieri, M, Barceló, A, Barreto, S, Barros, H, Bautista, L, Benetos, A, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Bonora, E, Botana, M, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Breteler, M, Broda, G, Brown, I, Bursztyn, M, de León, A, Campos, H, Cappuccio, F, Capuano, V, Casiglia, E, Castellano, M, Castetbon, K, Cea, L, Chang, C, Chaouki, N, Chatterji, S, Chen, C, Chen, Z, Choi, J, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, L, Cooper, R, Corsi, A, Costanza, M, Craig, C, Dankner, R, Dastgiri, S, Delgado, E, Dinc, G, Doi, Y, Dong, G, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Eggertsen, R, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Erem, C, Esteghamati, A, Fall, C, Fan, J, Ferreccio, C, Fezeu, L, Firmo, J, Florez, H, Fornés, N, Fowkes, F, Franceschini, G, Frisk, F, Fuchs, F, Fuller, E, Getz, L, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, L, Gomez-Zumaquero, J, Iversen, S, Grant, J, Carvajal, R, Gulliford, M, Gupta, R, Gupta, P, Gureje, O, Gutierrez, H, Hansen, T, Hata, J, He, J, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Hennis, A, Herman, W, Herrera, V, Ho, S, Holdsworth, M, Frisman, G, Hopman, W, Hussain, A, Husseini, A, Ibrahim, M, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, B, Jaddou, H, Jafar, T, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, M, Jonas, J, Kadiki, O, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamadjeu, R, Kaptoge, S, Karalis, I, Kastarinen, M, Katz, J, Keinan-Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Kiechl, S, Kim, K, Kiyohara, Y, Kobayashi, J, Krause, M, Kubínová, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Y, Lam, T, Langhammer, A, Lawes, C, Le, C, Lee, J, Lévy-Marchal, C, Lewington, S, Li, Y, Lim, T, Lin, X, Lin, C, Lin, H, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, X, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Maclean, D, Maggi, S, Magliano, D, Makdisse, M, Mancia, G, Mannami, T, Marques-Vidal, P, Mbanya, J, McFarlane-Anderson, N, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Minh, H, Miquel, J, Miranda, J, Mohamed, M, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, W, Morales, D, Morgan, K, Lorenza M Muiesan, N, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, K, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, S, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, O, Önal, A, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, W, Panagiotakos, D, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, V, Pednekar, M, Pelizzari, P, Peres, M, Cynthia Pérez, N, Pérez-Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, H, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, O, Ramos, L, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, K, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes-García, V, Roaeid, R, Robinson, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rojas-Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero-Bixby, L, Roth, G, Sachdev, H, Sánchez, J, Sanisoglu, S, Sans, S, Sarraf-Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, B, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, I, Schooling, C, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, M, Serra-Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, A, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, X, Silva, D, Silva, E, Simons, L, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, A, Stergiou, G, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, A, Tai, E, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, G, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, R, Tobias, M, Torheim, L, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, J, Tur, J, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, A, Ukoli, F, Unwin, N, Hoorn, S, Vanderpump, M, Varo, J, Veierød, M, Velásquez-Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Lennart X Welin, N, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, André J Xavier, N, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, L, Yoon, J, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, and Zhou, M
- Subjects
Male ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,kidney disease ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,humanos ,coste de las enfermedades ,Disease ,Global Health ,Cohort Studies ,Endocrinology ,Cost of Illness ,cardiovascular disease ,Health Transition ,Risk Factors ,transición sanitaria ,estudios prospectivos ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality ,evaluación de riesgos ,Renal Insufficiency ,Prospective Studies ,Chronic ,estudios de cohortes ,Metabolic Syndrome ,education.field_of_study ,diabetes ,Mortality rate ,Age Factors ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Diabetes Complications ,Female ,Health Surveys ,Humans ,Metabolic Syndrome X ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Risk Assessment ,Sex Factors ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,Internal Medicine ,Cardiovascular Diseases -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality ,Cardiovascular disease,Diabetes Mellitus, chronic kidney disease ,Diabetes Complications -- epidemiology -- mortality ,Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles ,Diabetes and Metabolism ,encuestas de salud ,análisis temporoespacial ,Risk assessment ,complicaciones de la diabetes ,insuficiencia renal ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiovascular disease ,diabetes mortality ,Population ,enfermedades cardiovasculares ,Metabolic Syndrome X -- complications -- epidemiology -- mortality ,Article ,chronic kidney disease ,mortality ,Internal medicine ,Environmental health ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,factores de riesgo ,Risk factor ,education ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Relative risk ,Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ,Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ,Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ,Diabetes Complications/epidemiology ,Diabetes Complications/mortality ,Metabolic Syndrome X/complications ,Metabolic Syndrome X/epidemiology ,Metabolic Syndrome X/mortality ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/mortality ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Preterm birth–associated neurodevelopmental impairment estimates at regional and global levels for 2010
- Author
-
Theo Vos, Doris Chou, Joanne Katz, Rajesh Narwal, Joy E Lawn, Neil Marlow, Lale Say, Simon Cousens, Hannah Blencowe, Neena Modi, Anne C C Lee, Nanbert Zhong, and Adil N. Bahalim
- Subjects
Postnatal Care ,Population Study ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Models, Statistical ,business.industry ,Developmental Disabilities ,Infant, Newborn ,Preterm Births ,Global Health ,medicine.disease ,History, 21st Century ,Risk Assessment ,Premature birth ,Meta-analysis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Global health ,medicine ,Humans ,Premature Birth ,Quality of care ,Risk assessment ,business ,Newborn care - Abstract
Background: In 2010, there were an estimated 15 million preterm births worldwide (90%) survive without neurodevelopmental impairment. Developing effective means of prevention of preterm birth should be a longer term priority, but major burden reduction could be made immediately with improved coverage and quality of care. Improved newborn care would reduce mortality, especially in low-income countries and is likely to reduce impairment in survivors, particularly in middle-income settings.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy incidence and impairment at regional and global levels for 2010 with trends from 1990
- Author
-
Joy E Lawn, Simon Cousens, Theo Vos, Anne C C Lee, Matthew Ellis, Hannah Blencowe, Gary L. Darmstadt, Naoko Kozuki, Nicola J. Robertson, Adil N. Bahalim, and Susan Niermeyer
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Global Health ,History, 21st Century ,Risk Assessment ,Sex Factors ,Central Nervous System Diseases ,Intensive care ,Case fatality rate ,medicine ,Humans ,Asphyxia ,Asphyxia Neonatorum ,Population Study ,Neonatal encephalopathy ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,History, 20th Century ,medicine.disease ,Perinatal asphyxia ,Survival Rate ,Years of potential life lost ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Linear Models ,Female ,Morbidity ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Neonatal resuscitation - Abstract
Background: Intrapartum hypoxic events (“birth asphyxia”) may result in stillbirth, neonatal or postneonatal mortality, and impairment. Systematic morbidity estimates for the burden of impairment outcomes are currently limited. Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) following an intrapartum hypoxic event is a strong predictor of long-term impairment. Methods: Linear regression modeling was conducted on data identified through systematic reviews to estimate NE incidence and time trends for 184 countries. Meta-analyses were undertaken to estimate the risk of NE by sex of the newborn, neonatal case fatality rate, and impairment risk. A compartmental model estimated postneonatal survivors of NE, depending on access to care, and then the proportion of survivors with impairment. Separate modeling for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 (GBD2010) study estimated disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) attributed to intrapartum-related events. Results: In 2010, 1.15 million babies (uncertainty range: 0.89–1.60 million; 8.5 cases per 1,000 live births) were estimated to have developed NE associated with intrapartum events, with 96% born in low- and middle-income countries, as compared with 1.60 million in 1990 (11.7 cases per 1,000 live births). An estimated 287,000 (181,000–440,000) neonates with NE died in 2010; 233,000 (163,000–342,000) survived with moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment; and 181,000 (82,000–319,000) had mild impairment. In GBD2010, intrapartum-related conditions comprised 50.2 million DALYs (2.4% of total) and 6.1 million YLDs. Conclusion: Intrapartum-related conditions are a large global burden, mostly due to high mortality in low-income countries. Universal coverage of obstetric care and neonatal resuscitation would prevent most of these deaths and disabilities. Rates of impairment are highest in middle-income countries where neonatal intensive care was more recently introduced, but quality may be poor. In settings without neonatal intensive care, the impairment rate is low due to high mortality, which is relevant for the scale-up of basic neonatal resuscitation.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. A Collaborative Process towards a SDG2 Accountability Framework
- Author
-
Laperriere, Andre, Szabo, Sylvia, Kripke, Gawain, Bhalla, Jay, Kenei, Steve, Ammad Bahalim, and Bizikova, Livia
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Leveraging US technical assistance for improved development outcomes
- Author
-
Bahalim, Ammad; Glauber, Joseph W., http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-439X Glauber, Joseph, Bahalim, Ammad; Glauber, Joseph W., and http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-439X Glauber, Joseph
- Abstract
Non-PR, IFPRI5; CRP2; C Improving markets and trade, MTID; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)
- Published
- 2017
13. National, regional, and global trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalences
- Author
-
Stevens, G. A., Singh, G. M., Lu, Y., Danaei, G., Lin, J. K., Finucane, M. M., Bahalim, A. N., Mcintire, R. K., Gutierrez, H. R., Cowan, M., Paciorek, C. J., Farzadfar, F., Riley, L., Ezzati, M., for the Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group (Body Mass Index): Geir Aamodt, Ziad, Abdeen, Nabila, A Abdella, Hanan, F Abdul-Rahim, Juliet, Addo, Mohamed, M Ali, Mohannad, Al-Nsour, Ramachandran, Ambady, Pertti, Aro, Carlo, M Barbagallo, Alberto, Barceló, Henrique, Barros, Leonelo, E Bautista, Peter, Bjerregaard, Enzo, Bonora, Pascal, Bovet, Grazyna, Broda, Ian, J Brown, Michael, Bursztyn, Antonio Cabrera de León, Francesco, P Cappuccio, Katia, Castetbon, Somnath, Chatterji, Zhengming, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Lily, Chua, Renata, Cífková, Linda, J Cobiac, Anna Maria Corsi, Cora, L Craig, Saeed, Dastgiri, Martha, S de Sereday, Gonul, Dinc, Yasufumi, Doi, Eleonora, Dorsi, Nico, Dragano, Adam, Drewnowski, Paul, Elliott, Anders, Engeland, Alireza, Esteghamati, Jian-Gao, Fan, Catterina, Ferreccio, Nélida, S Fornés, Flávio, D Fuchs, Simona, Giampaoli, Sidsel, Graffiversen, Janet, F Grant, Ramiro Guerrero Carvajal, Martin, C Gulliford, Rajeev, Gupta, Prakash, C Gupta, Oye, Gureje, Noor, Heim, Joachim, Heinrich, Tomas, Hemmingsson, Victor, M Herrera, Suzanne, C Ho, Michelle, Holdsworth, Wilma, M Hopman, Abdullatif, Husseini, Nayu, Ikeda, Bjarne, K Jacobsen, Tazeen, H Jafar, Mohsen, Janghorbani, Grazyna, Jasienska, Michel, R Joffres, Jost, B Jonas, Ofra, Kalter-Leibovici, Ioannis, Karalis, Joanne, Katz, Lital, Keinan-Boker, Paul, Kelly, Omid, Khalilzadeh, Young-Ho, Khang, Stefan, Kiechl, Maressa, P Krause, Yadlapalli, S Kusuma, Arnulf, Langhammer, Jeannette, Lee, Claire, Lévy-Marchal, Yanping, Li, Yuqiu, Li, Stephen, Lim, Cheng-Chieh, Lin, Lauren, Lissner, Patricio, Lopez-Jaramillo, Roberto, Lorbeer, Guansheng, Ma, Stefan, Ma, Francesc, Macià, Dianna, J Magliano, Marcia, Makdisse, Miccoli, Roberto, Juhani, Miettola, Jaime, Miranda, Mostafa, K Mohamed, Mohan, V, Salim, Mohanna, Ali, Mokdad, Dante, D Morales, Lorenza, M Muiesan, Iraj, Nabipour, Vinay, Nangia, Barbara, Nemesure, Martin, Neovius, Kjersti, A Nerhus, Flavio, Nervi, Hannelore, Neuhauser, Minh, Nguyen, Ayse, E Önal, Altan, Onat, Myriam, Orostegui, Hermann, Ouedraogo, Demosthenes, B Panagiotakos, Francesco, Panza, Yongsoo, Park, Mangesh, S Pednekar, Marco, A Peres, Rafael, Pichardo, Hwee Pin Phua, Pistelli, Francesco, Pedro, Plans, Dorairaj, Prabhakaran, Roaeid, B Ragab, Olli, T Raitkari, Sanjay, Rampal, Finn, Rasmussen, Josep, Redon, Luis, Revilla, Victoria, Reyes-García, Fernando, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Luis, Rosero-Bixby, Harshpal, S Sachdev, José, R Sánchez, Selim, Y Sanisoglu, Norberto, Schapochnik, Lluís, Serra-Majem, Rahman, Shiri, Xiao Ou Shu, Leon, A Simons, Margaret, Smith, Vincenzo, Solfrizzi, Emily, Sonestedt, Pär, Stattin, Aryeh, D Stein, George, S Stergiou, Jochanan, Stessman, Akihiro, Sudo, Valter, Sundh, Kristina, Sundquist, Johan, Sundström, Martin, Tobias, Liv, E Torheim, Josep, A Tur, Ana, I Uhernik, Flora, A Ukoli, Mark, P Vanderpump, Jose Javier Varo, Marit, B Veierød, Gustavo, Velásquez-Meléndez, Monique, Verschuren, Salvador, Villalpando, Jesus, Vioque, Peter, Vollenweider, Mark, Ward, Sarwono, Waspadji, Johann, Willeit, Mark, Woodward, Liang, Xu, Fei, Xu, Gonghuan, Yang, Li-Chia, Yeh, Jinsang, Yoon, Qisheng, You, Wei, Zheng., Stevens, G, Singh, G, Lu, Y, Danaei, G, Lin, J, Finucane, M, Bahalim, A, McIntire, R, Gutierrez, H, Cowan, M, Paciorek, C, Farzadfar, F, Riley, L, Ezzati, M, and Barbagallo, CM
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Overweight, Obesity, Prevalence, Population health, Risk transition, Global health, Noncommunicable diseases ,Epidemiology ,Global health ,Population health ,Overweight ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,Obesity ,Prevalence ,Risk transition ,Noncommunicable diseases ,Medicine ,obesity ,overweight ,business.industry ,Research ,Public health ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Male obesity ,Body mass index ,Demography - Abstract
0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2012
14. Aligning Business and Public Health Needs: Assessing the Customer Value Proposition of an HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Startup
- Author
-
Bahalim, Adil N., Cyr, Linda, Siegrist, Richard, and Rayport, Jeffrey
- Subjects
public health ,business ,entrepreneurship ,startups ,HIV ,PrEP ,innovation ,life sciences ,adherence ,customer value proposition ,customer development ,customer discovery - Abstract
Entrepreneurship plays a major role in developing innovative medical technologies that contribute to better public health; however, most entrepreneurs fail to scale their innovations. One of the most commonly cited reasons for startup failure is the lack of customer need. Therefore, during the early stages of the startup lifecycle, entrepreneurs must focus on achieving product-market fit by developing robust value propositions that will enable early market success. The goal of this Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) thesis is to assess the challenges and opportunities associated with a host organization’s value proposition for its product offering. The host organization for this project, UrSure, Inc., is an early-stage startup established at the Harvard Innovation Labs seeking to improve adherence to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medications through the use of a novel diagnostic test. As part of this doctoral project, I took a full-time position as Director of Business Development at UrSure from June 2018 to March 2019. This experiential learning, combined with an interdisciplinary review of entrepreneurship and public health literature, informed the development of a qualitative research protocol to understand the needs, opportunities, and purchasing behaviors of customers in a key market segment, 340B clinics. I interviewed thirteen health care providers at 340B clinics that offer PrEP services and used thematic analysis to uncover three global themes that provide insight on UrSure’s customer value proposition. From the global themes, I distilled implications for practice in the form of three strategic recommendations to help UrSure improve its chances of achieving entrepreneurial success. The first recommendation is to conduct ongoing customer discovery research. The second recommendation is to consider reframing the value proposition to more aptly meet the unmet needs of potential customers. The third recommendation is to continue generating evidence on the efficacy and utility of PrEP adherence testing. This thesis also presents important lessons learned that can inform customer development strategies at other health care startups to increase the likelihood of successfully commercializing impactful public health interventions., Public Health
- Published
- 2020
15. O Papel da Cooperação Sul-Sul no Desenvolvimento Agrícola Inclusivo e Sustentável
- Author
-
Leisa Perch, Ammad Bahalim, Lidia Cabral, and Alex Shankland
- Subjects
O Papel da Cooperação Sul-Sul no Desenvolvimento Agrícola Inclusivo e Sustentável - Published
- 2013
16. Preterm birth-associated neurodevelopmental impairment estimates at regional and global levels for 2010
- Author
-
Blencowe, Hannah, Lee, Anne CC, Cousens, Simon, Bahalim, Adil, Narwal, Rajesh, Zhong, Nanbert, Chou, Doris, Say, Lale, Modi, Neena, Katz, Joanne, Vos, Theo, Marlow, Neil, and Lawn, Joy E
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: In 2010, there were an estimated 15 million preterm births worldwide (90%) survive without neurodevelopmental impairment. Developing effective means of prevention of preterm birth should be a longer term priority, but major burden reduction could be made immediately with improved coverage and quality of care. Improved newborn care would reduce mortality, especially in low-income countries and is likely to reduce impairment in survivors, particularly in middle-income settings.
- Published
- 2013
17. Intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy incidence and impairment at regional and global levels for 2010 with trends from 1990
- Author
-
Lee, Anne CC, Kozuki, Naoko, Blencowe, Hannah, Vos, Theo, Bahalim, Adil, Darmstadt, Gary L, Niermeyer, Susan, Ellis, Matthew, Robertson, Nicola J, Cousens, Simon, and Lawn, Joy E
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intrapartum hypoxic events ("birth asphyxia") may result in stillbirth, neonatal or postneonatal mortality, and impairment. Systematic morbidity estimates for the burden of impairment outcomes are currently limited. Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) following an intrapartum hypoxic event is a strong predictor of long-term impairment. METHODS: Linear regression modeling was conducted on data identified through systematic reviews to estimate NE incidence and time trends for 184 countries. Meta-analyses were undertaken to estimate the risk of NE by sex of the newborn, neonatal case fatality rate, and impairment risk. A compartmental model estimated postneonatal survivors of NE, depending on access to care, and then the proportion of survivors with impairment. Separate modeling for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 (GBD2010) study estimated disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) attributed to intrapartum-related events. RESULTS: In 2010, 1.15 million babies (uncertainty range: 0.89-1.60 million; 8.5 cases per 1,000 live births) were estimated to have developed NE associated with intrapartum events, with 96% born in low- and middle-income countries, as compared with 1.60 million in 1990 (11.7 cases per 1,000 live births). An estimated 287,000 (181,000-440,000) neonates with NE died in 2010; 233,000 (163,000-342,000) survived with moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment; and 181,000 (82,000-319,000) had mild impairment. In GBD2010, intrapartum-related conditions comprised 50.2 million DALYs (2.4% of total) and 6.1 million YLDs. CONCLUSION: Intrapartum-related conditions are a large global burden, mostly due to high mortality in low-income countries. Universal coverage of obstetric care and neonatal resuscitation would prevent most of these deaths and disabilities. Rates of impairment are highest in middle-income countries where neonatal intensive care was more recently introduced, but quality may be poor. In settings without neonatal intensive care, the impairment rate is low due to high mortality, which is relevant for the scale-up of basic neonatal resuscitation.
- Published
- 2013
18. The Role of South-South Cooperation in Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural Development: Focus on Africa
- Author
-
Leisa Perch, Ammad Bahalim, Lidia Cabral, and Alex Shankland
- Subjects
Focus on Africa [The Role of South-South Cooperation in Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural Development] - Abstract
Focus on Africa: Making South-South Cooperation on Agricultural development more inclusive and sustainable With Rio+20 only a week away, the theme of this Poverty in Focus resonates clearly with the broader discourse on sustainable development, in particular the expanded efforts to mainstream inclusion and equity and to improve institutional frameworks for sustainable development. The United Nations Development Programme?s first Africa Human Development Report, launched on 15 May 2012, highlights the extent to which recent growth in Africa has neither sufficiently reduced extreme poverty and hunger nor provided the number and scope of opportunities envisioned. One of its key messages is a call for more investment in agriculture to ensure both sustained growth and poverty reduction. The evidence is clear. We need new mechanisms, approaches and tools to address an ever-increasing combination of deeply embedded inequalities and new variations of instability and unsustainability. The international seminar on the Role of South-South Cooperation in Agricultural Development in Africa held on 17 May in Brasília served as an important space for dialogue to explore some of these issues, specifically in the context of agricultural futures and in the broader context of development. Emerging clearly was the conviction that South-South cooperation, as a mechanism, could be catalytic, if well designed and harnessed, effectively shaped and defined within a context of exchange, mutual benefits and learning. With the increasing attention on both the inclusivity of growth and its environmental sustainability, now being framed in the context of inclusive green growth, more reliance is also likely to be placed on South-South cooperation in defining a number of answers to the ?how?. As the Government of Brazil hosts Rio+20, attention also falls on the country?s role as a broker for such forms of South-South exchange, particularly on models which can deliver triple wins for the economy, society and the environment. A number of successes in reducing inequality, enhancing both social and productive inclusion and, in particular, engaging smallholder farmers in the growth process while also maintaining a successful commercial agriculture sector are among the important lessons/entry points for Brazil-Africa exchange in this context. At the same time, successes and innovations are also emerging from sub-Saharan Africa, in discrete flagship programmes, policies and in sectors. Thus far, there has been less discussion about bi-directional flows of good practice, lessons learned and technology transfers than the current reality merits. This Poverty in Focus, designed as a value-added output of the May 17 seminar, gives specific voice to the above, as well as some of the challenges and opportunities facing South-South cooperation as a tool for ?development? and not just development cooperation. This opportunity to discuss agriculture not just as a sector but as a force for development, for poverty reduction, food security, for greater cooperation within the South, and for greater lessons from the South to emerge on the international landscape builds on other similar efforts and discussions in 2012. It resonates with a key motto of one of our coordinating partners?agriculture is a key pathway out of poverty. Looking forward, the nexus between agriculture and development highlights two key issues: eliminating hunger and rethinking agriculture, in light of sustainability and equity. Climate change, livelihoods and food security, in particular, represent both challenges and opportunities for achieving these two objectives, and many questions do remain. It is the role of knowledge-based institutions, such as IPC-IG, the Futures Agricultural Consortium, CIRAD, Articulação Sul, with the support of DFID and UN Women, and in partnership with the World Food Programme (WFP), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC), to probe and critically assess towards a greater understanding of both the potential and limits of South-South cooperation and to identify potential answers to urgent policy questions. It is our hope that the approach taken in the seminar and this Poverty in Focus defines a new scope for critical and inclusive policy dialogue, while shining a brighter light on some of the underlying development questions of our time, including how to maximise Africa?s incredible natural, social and cultural wealth into a source of sustainable growth for all its citizens. by Jorge Chediek, Interim Director, IPC-IG
- Published
- 2012
19. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factors clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010 : a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2010
- Author
-
Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., Armann, M., Ross Anderson, H., Andrew, K.G., Aryee, M., Atkinson, C., Bacchus, L.J., Bahalim, A.N., Balakrishnan, A.N., Balmes, J., Barker Collo, S., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bonner, C., Borges, G., Bourne, R., and Boussinesq, Michel
- Subjects
MODELE MATHEMATIQUE ,TABAC ,MALADIE ,FACTEUR DE RISQUE ,AGE PHYSIOLOGIQUE ,MALNUTRITION ,RESSOURCES EN EAU ,POLITIQUE DE SANTE ,ALCOOL ,SEXE ,MORTALITE ,POLLUTION ,DROGUE ,VIOLENCE SEXUELLE ,DIETETIQUE ,ANALYSE SYSTEMIQUE ,SANTE PUBLIQUE ,EDUCATION SANITAIRE ,VIOLENCE - Published
- 2012
20. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Majid Ezzati, Janet L Leasher, Young-Ho Khang, Nigel Bruce, Tim Driscoll, Aaron van Donkelaar, Cindy Kok, Loraine J. Bacchus, Mohammad A. AlMazroa, Emma Smith, Gail Falder, Isabelle Romieu, Charles Atkinson, Richard T. Burnett, Steven T. Wiersma, Mariel M. Finucane, Uchechukwu Sampson, Adrian Davis, Soraya Seedat, Lesley Rushton, Patricia J. Erwin, Michael Phillips, Wayne Hall, Tim Lathlean, Paul S. F. Yip, Max Petzold, George D. Thurston, Emily Carnahan, Hywel C Williams, Michael Freeman, Sydney E. Ibeanusi, Markus Amann, Kurt Straif, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Kathryn G. Andrews, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Andrew T. A. Cheng, Jimmy H. Tran, Harvey Whiteford, Neil Pearce, Pamela M. Pelizzari, Amanda J Baxter, Paul K. Nelson, Frederick P. Rivara, Emmanuela Gakidou, Yuan Lu, Saad B. Omer, Fiona M. Blyth, Michelle L. Bell, Mukesh Dherani, Dariush Mozaffarian, Anthony Hogan, Gemma Jacklyn, E. Ray Dorsey, Jennifer C. Child, Peter Brooks, Farshad Farzadfar, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Richard H. Osborne, Amir Sapkota, Theo Vos, Guilherme Borges, C. Arden Pope, Kevin D. Shield, Susan Darling, K. Ellicott Colson, Robin Marks, Jed D. Blore, Steven E. Lipshultz, John J. McGrath, Joshua A. Salomon, Kenji Shibuya, Heidi Stöckl, Kiran Pandey, Martin J. Aryee, Catherine Michaud, Rita Van Dingenen, Lahn Straney, Ananya Roy, Gitanjali M Singh, Lisa C. Rosenfeld, Eva Rehfuess, Rachelle Buchbinder, Myrna M. Weissman, Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafiah, Reza Malekzadeh, Bryan Hubbell, Claire Bryan-Hancock, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Jon-Paul Khoo, Richard A. White, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Kyle Steenland, Homie Razavi, Qing Lan, Alize J. Ferrari, Edward Giovannucci, Thomas Roberts, Anthony D. Woolf, Mayuree Rao, Alan D. Lopez, Hialy R. Gutierrez, Joelle Mak, Rebecca Grainger, Jose Adolfo Rodriguez-Portales, Daniel Pope, Yang Li, Honglei Chen, Bruce Neal, Michael Brauer, H. Dean Hosgood, Andrew Page, Kathryn Graham, Aaron Cohen, Saman Fahimi, Benjamin C Cowie, Lars Jacob Stovner, Eric L. Ding, Howard Hu, Zoë Chafe, Rashmi Jasrasaria, Rosana E. Norman, Stephen S Lim, Haidong Kan, Don C. Des Jarlais, Mohsen Naghavi, Jian Shen Chen, Ziad A. Memish, Rupert R A Bourne, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, Ali A. Mokdad, Erin Passmore, Jessica Orchard, Lidia Morawska, Renata Micha, Heather Adair-Rohani, H. Ross Anderson, Abraham D. Flaxman, Carolyn Robinson, Robert G. Weintraub, Frank Dentener, Joan M. Nolla, Bianca Calabria, Wagner Marcenes, Adil N. Bahalim, Francine Laden, Rupak Shivakoti, Rebecca E. Engell, Jan M Zielinski, Tasha B. Murphy, Sally Hutchings, Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg, Goodarz Danaei, Karen Devries, J. Lennert Veerman, Beate Ritz, Paul McGale, Michel Boussinesq, Robin Room, Seth Flaxman, Christopher J L Murray, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Fiona J Charlson, Jürgen Rehm, Jayadeep Patra, Bart Ostro, Casey Olives, Carissa Bonner, Leslie Mallinger, Lyn March, Karen Edmond, Norito Kawakami, Bert Brunekreef, Charles D. H. Parry, S. Ali, David Gunnell, Nick Wilson, James D. Wilkinson, David A. Sleet, Ella Sanman, F.G.R. Fowkes, Vinod Mishra, George A. Mensah, James Leigh, Stephanie J. London, Rafael Lozano, Damian G Hoy, Randall V. Martin, Kirk R. Smith, Chiara Bucello, Greg Freedman, John A. Kanis, Ratilal Lalloo, Warwick Williams, John Powles, Fiona Bull, Tim Byers, Hans W. Hoek, Gerhard Gmel, John K Lin, Jost B. Jonas, Peilin Shi, Santu Ghosh, Louisa Degenhardt, Sarah C. Darby, John R. Balmes, Sumi Mehta, Bridget F. Grant, Tony R. Merriman, Universitat de Barcelona, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, and Dep IRAS
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Risk factors in diseases ,Poison control ,Global Health ,Risk Assessment ,Article ,Young Adult ,Sex Factors ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Mortality ,Omega 3 fatty acid ,Child ,Causes of death ,Disease burden ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Factors de risc en les malalties ,Causes de la mort ,Age Factors ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Quality-adjusted life year ,Years of potential life lost ,Relative risk ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,business ,Risk assessment - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Quantification of the disease burden caused by different risks informs prevention by providing an account of health loss different to that provided by a disease-by-disease analysis. No complete revision of global disease burden caused by risk factors has been done since a comparative risk assessment in 2000, and no previous analysis has assessed changes in burden attributable to risk factors over time. METHODS: We estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010. We estimated exposure distributions for each year, region, sex, and age group, and relative risks per unit of exposure by systematically reviewing and synthesising published and unpublished data. We used these estimates, together with estimates of cause-specific deaths and DALYs from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, to calculate the burden attributable to each risk factor exposure compared with the theoretical-minimum-risk exposure. We incorporated uncertainty in disease burden, relative risks, and exposures into our estimates of attributable burden. FINDINGS: In 2010, the three leading risk factors for global disease burden were high blood pressure (7·0% [95% uncertainty interval 6·2-7·7] of global DALYs), tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·3% [5·5-7·0]), and alcohol use (5·5% [5·0-5·9]). In 1990, the leading risks were childhood underweight (7·9% [6·8-9·4]), household air pollution from solid fuels (HAP; 7·0% [5·6-8·3]), and tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·1% [5·4-6·8]). Dietary risk factors and physical inactivity collectively accounted for 10·0% (95% UI 9·2-10·8) of global DALYs in 2010, with the most prominent dietary risks being diets low in fruits and those high in sodium. Several risks that primarily affect childhood communicable diseases, including unimproved water and sanitation and childhood micronutrient deficiencies, fell in rank between 1990 and 2010, with unimproved water and sanitation accounting for 0·9% (0·4-1·6) of global DALYs in 2010. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa childhood underweight, HAP, and non-exclusive and discontinued breastfeeding were the leading risks in 2010, while HAP was the leading risk in south Asia. The leading risk factor in Eastern Europe, most of Latin America, and southern sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 was alcohol use; in most of Asia, North Africa and Middle East, and central Europe it was high blood pressure. Despite declines, tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke remained the leading risk in high-income north America and western Europe. High body-mass index has increased globally and it is the leading risk in Australasia and southern Latin America, and also ranks high in other high-income regions, North Africa and Middle East, and Oceania. INTERPRETATION: Worldwide, the contribution of different risk factors to disease burden has changed substantially, with a shift away from risks for communicable diseases in children towards those for non-communicable diseases in adults. These changes are related to the ageing population, decreased mortality among children younger than 5 years, changes in cause-of-death composition, and changes in risk factor exposures. New evidence has led to changes in the magnitude of key risks including unimproved water and sanitation, vitamin A and zinc deficiencies, and ambient particulate matter pollution. The extent to which the epidemiological shift has occurred and what the leading risks currently are varies greatly across regions. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risks are still those associated with poverty and those that affect children. FUNDING: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Published
- 2012
21. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010 : a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2010
- Author
-
Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Naghavi, M., Lozano, R., Michaud, C., Ezzati, M., Shibuya, K., Salomon, J. A., Abdalla, S., Aboyans, V., Abraham, J., Ackerman, I., Aggarwal, R., Ahn, S., Ali, M.K., Alvarado, M., Ross Anderson, H., Anderson, L.M., Andrews, K.G., Atkinson, C., Baddour, L.M., Bahalim, A.N., Barker Collo, S., Barrero, L.H., Bartels, D.H., Basanez, M.G., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Benjamin, E.J., Bennett, D., Bernabé, E., Bhalla, K., Bhandari, B., Bikbov, B., Abulhak, A.B., Birbeck, G., Black, J.A., Blencowe, H., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bolliger, I., Bonaventure, A., Boufous, S., Bourne, R., and Boussinesq, Michel
- Subjects
SEXE ,MALADIE ,ENQUETE ,GROUPE D'AGE ,INVALIDITE ,SANTE PUBLIQUE ,MORBIDITE ,REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE ,MODELISATION ,VARIATION PLURIANNUELLE ,PREVALENCE - Published
- 2012
22. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9·1 million participants
- Author
-
Finucane, Mm, Stevens, Ga, Cowan, Mj, Danaei, G, Lin, Jk, Paciorek, Cj, Singh, Gm, Gutierrez, Hr, Lu, Y, Bahalim, An, Farzadfar, F, Riley, Lm, Ezzati, M, Cowan, M, Singh, G, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, Na, Rahim, Hf, Addo, J, Ali, Mm, Al Nsour, M, Ambady, R, Aro, P, Babu, Bv, Barbagallo, Cm, Barceló, A, Barros, H, Bautista, Le, Bjerregaard, P, Bonora, E, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Broda, G, Brown, Ij, Bursztyn, M, de León, Ac, Cappuccio, Fp, Castetbon, K, Chatterji, S, Chen, Z, Chen, Cj, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, Lj, Corsi, Am, Craig, Cl, Dastgiri, S, de Sereday, Ms, Dinc, G, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Esteghamati, A, Fan, Jg, Ferreccio, G, Fornés, Ns, Fuchs, Fd, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, Lf, Graff Iversen, S, Grant, Jf, Carvajal, Rg, Gulliford, Mc, Gupta, R, Gupta, Pc, Gureje, O, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Herrera, Vm, Sc, Ho, Holdsworth, M, Hopman, Wm, Husseini, A, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, Bk, Jafar, Th, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, Mr, Jonas, Jb, Kalter Leibovici, O, Karalis, I, Katz, J, Keinan Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Khang, Yh, Kiechl, S, Kiyohara, Y, Krause, Mp, Kusuma, Ys, Langhammer, A, Lee, J, Lévy Marchal, C, Li, Y, Lim, S, Lin, Cc, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Lopez Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Magliano, Dj, Makdisse, M, Marques Vidal, P, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Miranda, Jj, Mohamed, Mk, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Morales, Dd, Muiesan, Maria Lorenza, Nabipour, I, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, Ka, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Onal, Ae, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Panagiotakos, Db, Panza, F, Park, Y, Pednekar, Ms, Peres, Ma, Pérez, C, Pichardo, R, Phua, Hp, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Prabhakaran, D, Raitakari, Ot, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes García, V, Roaeid, Rb, Rodriguez Artalejo, F, Rosero Bixby, L, Sachdev, Hs, Sánchez, Jr, Sanisoglu, Sy, Schapochnik, N, Sereday, Ms, Serra Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shiri, R, Shu, Xo, Silva, E, Simons, La, Smith, M, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Stattin, P, Stein, Ad, Stergiou, Gs, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Tobias, M, Torheim, Le, Tur, Ja, Uhernik, Ai, Ukoli, Fa, Vanderpump, Mp, Varo, Jj, Veierød, Mb, Velásquez Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Xu, L, Xu, F, Yang, G, Yeh, Lc, Yoon, Js, You, Q, Zheng, W, and Zhou, M.
- Subjects
Body Mass Index, Obesity, epidemiology ,epidemiology ,Obesity ,Body Mass Index - Published
- 2011
23. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., Amann, M., Anderson, H.R., Andrews, K.G., Aryee, M., Atkinson, C., Bacchus, L.J., Bahalim, A.N., Balakrishnan, K., Balmes, J., Barker-Collo, S., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bonner, C., Borges, G., Bourne, R., Boussinesq, M., Brauer, M., Brooks, P., Bruce, N.G., Brunekreef, B., Bryan-Hancock, C., Bucello, C., Buchbinder, R., Bull, F., Burnett, R.T., Byers, T.E., Calabria, B., Carapetis, J., Carnahan, E., Chafe, Z., Charlson, F., Chen, H., Chen, J.S., Cheng, A.T., Child, J.C., Cohen, A., Colson, K.E., Cowie, B.C., Darby, S., Darling, S., Davis, A., Degenhardt, L., Dentener, F., Des Jarlais, D.C., Devries, K., Dherani, M., Ding, E.L., Dorsey, E.R., Driscoll, T., Edmond, K., Ali, S.E., Engell, R.E., Erwin, P.J., Fahimi, S., Falder, G., Farzadfar, F., Ferrari, A., Finucane, M.M., Flaxman, S., Fowkes, F.G.R., Freedman, G., Freeman, M.K., Gakidou, E., Ghosh, S., Giovannucci, E., Gmel, G., Graham, K., Grainger, R., Grant, B., Gunnell, D., Gutierrez, H.R., Hall, W., Hoek, H.W., Hogan, A., Hosgood, H.D., Hoy, D., Hu, H., Hubbell, B.J., Hutchings, S.J., Ibeanusi, S.E., Jacklyn, G.L., Jasrasaria, R., Jonas, J.B., Kan, H., Kanis, J.A., Kassebaum, N., Kawakami, N., Khang, Y-H., Khatibzadeh, S., Khoo, J-P., de Kok, C., Laden, F., Lalloo, R., Lan, Q., Lathlean, T., Leasher, J.L., Leigh, J., Li, Y., Lin, J.K., Lipshultz, S.E., London, S., Lozano, R., Lu, Y., Mak, J., Malekzadeh, R., Mallinger, L., Marcenes, W., March, L., Marks, R., Martin, R., McGale, P., McGrath, J., Mehta, S., Mensah, G.A., Merriman, T.R., Micha, R., Michaud, C., Mishra, V., Hanafiah, K.M., Mokdad, A.A., Morawska, L., Mozaffarian, D., Murphy, T., Naghavi, M., Neal, B., Nelson, P.K., Nolla, J.M., Norman, R., Olives, C., Omer, S. B, Orchard, J., Osborne, R., Ostro, B., Page, A., Pandey, K.D., Parry, C.D.H., Passmore, E., Patra, J., Pearce, N., Pelizzari, P.M., Petzold, M., Phillips, M.R., Pope, D., Pope, C.A., Powles, J., Rao, M., Razavi, H., Rehfuess, E.A., Rehm, J.T., Ritz, B., Rivara, F.P., Roberts, T., Robinson, C., Rodriguez-Portales, J.A., Romieu, I., Room, R., Rosenfeld, L.C., Roy, A., Rushton, L., Salomon, J.A., Sampson, U., Sanchez-Riera, L., Sanman, E., Sapkota, A., Seedat, S., Shi, P., Shield, K., Shivakoti, R., Singh, G.M., Sleet, D.A., Smith, E., Smith, K.R., Stapelberg, N.J.C., Steenland, K., Stöckl, H., Stovner, L.J., Straif, K., Straney, L., Thurston, G.D., Tran, J.H., van Dingenen, R., van Donkelaar, A., Veerman, J.L., Vijayakumar, L., Weintraub, R., Weissman, M.M., White, R.A., Whiteford, H., Wiersma, S.T., Wilkinson, J.D., Williams, H.C., Williams, W., Wilson, N., Woolf, A.D., Yip, P., Zielinski, J.M., Lopez, A.D., Murray, C.J.L., Ezzati, M., Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., Amann, M., Anderson, H.R., Andrews, K.G., Aryee, M., Atkinson, C., Bacchus, L.J., Bahalim, A.N., Balakrishnan, K., Balmes, J., Barker-Collo, S., Baxter, A., Bell, M.L., Blore, J.D., Blyth, F., Bonner, C., Borges, G., Bourne, R., Boussinesq, M., Brauer, M., Brooks, P., Bruce, N.G., Brunekreef, B., Bryan-Hancock, C., Bucello, C., Buchbinder, R., Bull, F., Burnett, R.T., Byers, T.E., Calabria, B., Carapetis, J., Carnahan, E., Chafe, Z., Charlson, F., Chen, H., Chen, J.S., Cheng, A.T., Child, J.C., Cohen, A., Colson, K.E., Cowie, B.C., Darby, S., Darling, S., Davis, A., Degenhardt, L., Dentener, F., Des Jarlais, D.C., Devries, K., Dherani, M., Ding, E.L., Dorsey, E.R., Driscoll, T., Edmond, K., Ali, S.E., Engell, R.E., Erwin, P.J., Fahimi, S., Falder, G., Farzadfar, F., Ferrari, A., Finucane, M.M., Flaxman, S., Fowkes, F.G.R., Freedman, G., Freeman, M.K., Gakidou, E., Ghosh, S., Giovannucci, E., Gmel, G., Graham, K., Grainger, R., Grant, B., Gunnell, D., Gutierrez, H.R., Hall, W., Hoek, H.W., Hogan, A., Hosgood, H.D., Hoy, D., Hu, H., Hubbell, B.J., Hutchings, S.J., Ibeanusi, S.E., Jacklyn, G.L., Jasrasaria, R., Jonas, J.B., Kan, H., Kanis, J.A., Kassebaum, N., Kawakami, N., Khang, Y-H., Khatibzadeh, S., Khoo, J-P., de Kok, C., Laden, F., Lalloo, R., Lan, Q., Lathlean, T., Leasher, J.L., Leigh, J., Li, Y., Lin, J.K., Lipshultz, S.E., London, S., Lozano, R., Lu, Y., Mak, J., Malekzadeh, R., Mallinger, L., Marcenes, W., March, L., Marks, R., Martin, R., McGale, P., McGrath, J., Mehta, S., Mensah, G.A., Merriman, T.R., Micha, R., Michaud, C., Mishra, V., Hanafiah, K.M., Mokdad, A.A., Morawska, L., Mozaffarian, D., Murphy, T., Naghavi, M., Neal, B., Nelson, P.K., Nolla, J.M., Norman, R., Olives, C., Omer, S. B, Orchard, J., Osborne, R., Ostro, B., Page, A., Pandey, K.D., Parry, C.D.H., Passmore, E., Patra, J., Pearce, N., Pelizzari, P.M., Petzold, M., Phillips, M.R., Pope, D., Pope, C.A., Powles, J., Rao, M., Razavi, H., Rehfuess, E.A., Rehm, J.T., Ritz, B., Rivara, F.P., Roberts, T., Robinson, C., Rodriguez-Portales, J.A., Romieu, I., Room, R., Rosenfeld, L.C., Roy, A., Rushton, L., Salomon, J.A., Sampson, U., Sanchez-Riera, L., Sanman, E., Sapkota, A., Seedat, S., Shi, P., Shield, K., Shivakoti, R., Singh, G.M., Sleet, D.A., Smith, E., Smith, K.R., Stapelberg, N.J.C., Steenland, K., Stöckl, H., Stovner, L.J., Straif, K., Straney, L., Thurston, G.D., Tran, J.H., van Dingenen, R., van Donkelaar, A., Veerman, J.L., Vijayakumar, L., Weintraub, R., Weissman, M.M., White, R.A., Whiteford, H., Wiersma, S.T., Wilkinson, J.D., Williams, H.C., Williams, W., Wilson, N., Woolf, A.D., Yip, P., Zielinski, J.M., Lopez, A.D., Murray, C.J.L., and Ezzati, M.
- Published
- 2012
24. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Vos, T, Flaxman, AD, Naghavi, M, Lozano, R, Michaud, C, Ezzati, M, Shibuya, K, Salomon, JA, Abdalla, S, Aboyans, V, Abraham, J, Ackerman, I, Aggarwal, R, Ahn, SY, Ali, MK, Alvarado, M, Anderson, HR, Anderson, LM, Andrews, KG, Atkinson, C, Baddour, LM, Bahalim, AN, Barker-Collo, S, Barrero, LH, Bartels, DH, Basanez, M-G, Baxter, A, Bell, ML, Benjamin, EJ, Bennett, D, Bernabe, E, Bhalla, K, Bhandari, B, Bikbov, B, Bin Abdulhak, A, Birbeck, G, Black, JA, Blencowe, H, Blore, JD, Blyth, F, Bolliger, I, Bonaventure, A, Boufous, SA, Bourne, R, Boussinesq, M, Braithwaite, T, Brayne, C, Bridgett, L, Brooker, S, Brooks, P, Brugha, TS, Bryan-Hancock, C, Bucello, C, Buchbinder, R, Buckle, GR, Budke, CM, Burch, M, Burney, P, Burstein, R, Calabria, B, Campbell, B, Canter, CE, Carabin, H, Carapetis, J, Carmona, L, Cella, C, Charlson, F, Chen, H, Cheng, AT-A, Chou, D, Chugh, SS, Coffeng, LE, Colan, SD, Colquhoun, S, Colson, KE, Condon, J, Connor, MD, Cooper, LT, Corriere, M, Cortinovis, M, de Vaccaro, KC, Couser, W, Cowie, BC, Criqui, MH, Cross, M, Dabhadkar, KC, Dahiya, M, Dahodwala, N, Damsere-Derry, J, Danaei, G, Davis, A, De Leo, D, Degenhardt, L, Dellavalle, R, Delossantos, A, Denenberg, J, Derrett, S, Des Jarlais, DC, Dharmaratne, SD, Dherani, M, Diaz-Torne, C, Dolk, H, Dorsey, ER, Driscoll, T, Duber, H, Ebel, B, Edmond, K, Elbaz, A, Ali, SE, Erskine, H, Erwin, PJ, Espindola, P, Ewoigbokhan, SE, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, V, Felson, DT, Ferrari, A, Ferri, CP, Fevre, EM, Finucane, MM, Flaxman, S, Flood, L, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, MH, Fowkes, FGR, Franklin, R, Fransen, M, Freeman, MK, Gabbe, BJ, Gabriel, SE, Gakidou, E, Ganatra, HA, Garcia, B, Gaspari, F, Gillum, RF, Gmel, G, Gosselin, R, Grainger, R, Groeger, J, Guillemin, F, Gunnell, D, Gupta, R, Haagsma, J, Hagan, H, Halasa, YA, Hall, W, Haring, D, Maria Haro, J, Harrison, JE, Havmoeller, R, Hay, RJ, Higashi, H, Hill, C, Hoen, B, Hoffman, H, Hotez, PJ, Hoy, D, Huang, JJ, Ibeanusi, SE, Jacobsen, KH, James, SL, Jarvis, D, Jasrasaria, R, Jayaraman, S, Johns, N, Jonas, JB, Karthikeyan, G, Kassebaum, N, Kawakami, N, Keren, A, Khoo, J-P, King, CH, Knowlton, LM, Kobusingye, O, Koranteng, A, Krishnamurthi, R, Lalloo, R, Laslett, LL, Lathlean, T, Leasher, JL, Lee, YY, Leigh, J, Lim, SS, Limb, E, Lin, JK, Lipnick, M, Lipshultz, SE, Liu, W, Loane, M, Ohno, SL, Lyons, R, Ma, J, Mabweijano, J, MacIntyre, MF, Malekzadeh, R, Mallinger, L, Manivannan, S, Marcenes, W, March, L, Margolis, DJ, Marks, GB, Marks, R, Matsumori, A, Matzopoulos, R, Mayosi, BM, McAnulty, JH, McDermott, MM, McGill, N, McGrath, J, Elena Medina-Mora, M, Meltzer, M, Mensah, GA, Merriman, TR, Meyer, A-C, Miglioli, V, Miller, M, Miller, TR, Mitchell, PB, Mocumbi, AO, Moffitt, TE, Mokdad, AA, Monasta, L, Montico, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moran, A, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Murdoch, ME, Mwaniki, MK, Naidoo, K, Nair, MN, Naldi, L, Narayan, KMV, Nelson, PK, Nelson, RG, Nevitt, MC, Newton, CR, Nolte, S, Norman, P, Norman, R, O'Donnell, M, O'Hanlon, S, Olives, C, Omer, SB, Ortblad, K, Osborne, R, Ozgediz, D, Page, A, Pahari, B, Pandian, JD, Rivero, AP, Patten, SB, Pearce, N, Perez Padilla, R, Perez-Ruiz, F, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Phillips, D, Phillips, MR, Pierce, K, Pion, S, Polanczyk, GV, Polinder, S, Pope, CA, Popova, S, Porrini, E, Pourmalek, F, Prince, M, Pullan, RL, Ramaiah, KD, Ranganathan, D, Razavi, H, Regan, M, Rehm, JT, Rein, DB, Remuzzi, G, Richardson, K, Rivara, FP, Roberts, T, Robinson, C, De Leon, FR, Ronfani, L, Room, R, Rosenfeld, LC, Rushton, L, Sacco, RL, Saha, S, Sampson, U, Sanchez-Riera, L, Sanman, E, Schwebel, DC, Scott, JG, Segui-Gomez, M, Shahraz, S, Shepard, DS, Shin, H, Shivakoti, R, Singh, D, Singh, GM, Singh, JA, Singleton, J, Sleet, DA, Sliwa, K, Smith, E, Smith, JL, Stapelberg, NJC, Steer, A, Steiner, T, Stolk, WA, Stovner, LJ, Sudfeld, C, Syed, S, Tamburlini, G, Tavakkoli, M, Taylor, HR, Taylor, JA, Taylor, WJ, Thomas, B, Thomson, WM, Thurston, GD, Tleyjeh, IM, Tonelli, M, Towbin, JRA, Truelsen, T, Tsilimbaris, MK, Ubeda, C, Undurraga, EA, van der Werf, MJ, van Os, J, Vavilala, MS, Venketasubramanian, N, Wang, M, Wang, W, Watt, K, Weatherall, DJ, Weinstock, MA, Weintraub, R, Weisskopf, MG, Weissman, MM, White, RA, Whiteford, H, Wiersma, ST, Wilkinson, JD, Williams, HC, Williams, SRM, Witt, E, Wolfe, F, Woolf, AD, Wulf, S, Yeh, P-H, Zaidi, AKM, Zheng, Z-J, Zonies, D, Lopez, AD, Murray, CJL, Vos, T, Flaxman, AD, Naghavi, M, Lozano, R, Michaud, C, Ezzati, M, Shibuya, K, Salomon, JA, Abdalla, S, Aboyans, V, Abraham, J, Ackerman, I, Aggarwal, R, Ahn, SY, Ali, MK, Alvarado, M, Anderson, HR, Anderson, LM, Andrews, KG, Atkinson, C, Baddour, LM, Bahalim, AN, Barker-Collo, S, Barrero, LH, Bartels, DH, Basanez, M-G, Baxter, A, Bell, ML, Benjamin, EJ, Bennett, D, Bernabe, E, Bhalla, K, Bhandari, B, Bikbov, B, Bin Abdulhak, A, Birbeck, G, Black, JA, Blencowe, H, Blore, JD, Blyth, F, Bolliger, I, Bonaventure, A, Boufous, SA, Bourne, R, Boussinesq, M, Braithwaite, T, Brayne, C, Bridgett, L, Brooker, S, Brooks, P, Brugha, TS, Bryan-Hancock, C, Bucello, C, Buchbinder, R, Buckle, GR, Budke, CM, Burch, M, Burney, P, Burstein, R, Calabria, B, Campbell, B, Canter, CE, Carabin, H, Carapetis, J, Carmona, L, Cella, C, Charlson, F, Chen, H, Cheng, AT-A, Chou, D, Chugh, SS, Coffeng, LE, Colan, SD, Colquhoun, S, Colson, KE, Condon, J, Connor, MD, Cooper, LT, Corriere, M, Cortinovis, M, de Vaccaro, KC, Couser, W, Cowie, BC, Criqui, MH, Cross, M, Dabhadkar, KC, Dahiya, M, Dahodwala, N, Damsere-Derry, J, Danaei, G, Davis, A, De Leo, D, Degenhardt, L, Dellavalle, R, Delossantos, A, Denenberg, J, Derrett, S, Des Jarlais, DC, Dharmaratne, SD, Dherani, M, Diaz-Torne, C, Dolk, H, Dorsey, ER, Driscoll, T, Duber, H, Ebel, B, Edmond, K, Elbaz, A, Ali, SE, Erskine, H, Erwin, PJ, Espindola, P, Ewoigbokhan, SE, Farzadfar, F, Feigin, V, Felson, DT, Ferrari, A, Ferri, CP, Fevre, EM, Finucane, MM, Flaxman, S, Flood, L, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, MH, Fowkes, FGR, Franklin, R, Fransen, M, Freeman, MK, Gabbe, BJ, Gabriel, SE, Gakidou, E, Ganatra, HA, Garcia, B, Gaspari, F, Gillum, RF, Gmel, G, Gosselin, R, Grainger, R, Groeger, J, Guillemin, F, Gunnell, D, Gupta, R, Haagsma, J, Hagan, H, Halasa, YA, Hall, W, Haring, D, Maria Haro, J, Harrison, JE, Havmoeller, R, Hay, RJ, Higashi, H, Hill, C, Hoen, B, Hoffman, H, Hotez, PJ, Hoy, D, Huang, JJ, Ibeanusi, SE, Jacobsen, KH, James, SL, Jarvis, D, Jasrasaria, R, Jayaraman, S, Johns, N, Jonas, JB, Karthikeyan, G, Kassebaum, N, Kawakami, N, Keren, A, Khoo, J-P, King, CH, Knowlton, LM, Kobusingye, O, Koranteng, A, Krishnamurthi, R, Lalloo, R, Laslett, LL, Lathlean, T, Leasher, JL, Lee, YY, Leigh, J, Lim, SS, Limb, E, Lin, JK, Lipnick, M, Lipshultz, SE, Liu, W, Loane, M, Ohno, SL, Lyons, R, Ma, J, Mabweijano, J, MacIntyre, MF, Malekzadeh, R, Mallinger, L, Manivannan, S, Marcenes, W, March, L, Margolis, DJ, Marks, GB, Marks, R, Matsumori, A, Matzopoulos, R, Mayosi, BM, McAnulty, JH, McDermott, MM, McGill, N, McGrath, J, Elena Medina-Mora, M, Meltzer, M, Mensah, GA, Merriman, TR, Meyer, A-C, Miglioli, V, Miller, M, Miller, TR, Mitchell, PB, Mocumbi, AO, Moffitt, TE, Mokdad, AA, Monasta, L, Montico, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moran, A, Morawska, L, Mori, R, Murdoch, ME, Mwaniki, MK, Naidoo, K, Nair, MN, Naldi, L, Narayan, KMV, Nelson, PK, Nelson, RG, Nevitt, MC, Newton, CR, Nolte, S, Norman, P, Norman, R, O'Donnell, M, O'Hanlon, S, Olives, C, Omer, SB, Ortblad, K, Osborne, R, Ozgediz, D, Page, A, Pahari, B, Pandian, JD, Rivero, AP, Patten, SB, Pearce, N, Perez Padilla, R, Perez-Ruiz, F, Perico, N, Pesudovs, K, Phillips, D, Phillips, MR, Pierce, K, Pion, S, Polanczyk, GV, Polinder, S, Pope, CA, Popova, S, Porrini, E, Pourmalek, F, Prince, M, Pullan, RL, Ramaiah, KD, Ranganathan, D, Razavi, H, Regan, M, Rehm, JT, Rein, DB, Remuzzi, G, Richardson, K, Rivara, FP, Roberts, T, Robinson, C, De Leon, FR, Ronfani, L, Room, R, Rosenfeld, LC, Rushton, L, Sacco, RL, Saha, S, Sampson, U, Sanchez-Riera, L, Sanman, E, Schwebel, DC, Scott, JG, Segui-Gomez, M, Shahraz, S, Shepard, DS, Shin, H, Shivakoti, R, Singh, D, Singh, GM, Singh, JA, Singleton, J, Sleet, DA, Sliwa, K, Smith, E, Smith, JL, Stapelberg, NJC, Steer, A, Steiner, T, Stolk, WA, Stovner, LJ, Sudfeld, C, Syed, S, Tamburlini, G, Tavakkoli, M, Taylor, HR, Taylor, JA, Taylor, WJ, Thomas, B, Thomson, WM, Thurston, GD, Tleyjeh, IM, Tonelli, M, Towbin, JRA, Truelsen, T, Tsilimbaris, MK, Ubeda, C, Undurraga, EA, van der Werf, MJ, van Os, J, Vavilala, MS, Venketasubramanian, N, Wang, M, Wang, W, Watt, K, Weatherall, DJ, Weinstock, MA, Weintraub, R, Weisskopf, MG, Weissman, MM, White, RA, Whiteford, H, Wiersma, ST, Wilkinson, JD, Williams, HC, Williams, SRM, Witt, E, Wolfe, F, Woolf, AD, Wulf, S, Yeh, P-H, Zaidi, AKM, Zheng, Z-J, Zonies, D, Lopez, AD, and Murray, CJL
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Non-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion and monitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and 2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at the global and regional level. Neither effort quantified uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs). METHODS: Of the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the 289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, and excess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notification, population-based cancer registries, other disease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys, other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, and large methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatial models, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), or registration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and other covariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs by cause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We included uncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis. FINDINGS: Global prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per 1 million people to 350,000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly cor
- Published
- 2012
25. National, regional, and global trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalences.
- Author
-
Stevens, Gretchen A, Singh, Gitanjali M, Lu, Yuan, Danaei, Goodarz, Lin, John K, Finucane, Mariel, Bahalim, Adil N, McIntire, Russell RK, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Cowan, Melanie J, Paciorek, Christopher J, Farzadfar, Farshad, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE), Castetbon, Katia, Stevens, Gretchen A, Singh, Gitanjali M, Lu, Yuan, Danaei, Goodarz, Lin, John K, Finucane, Mariel, Bahalim, Adil N, McIntire, Russell RK, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Cowan, Melanie J, Paciorek, Christopher J, Farzadfar, Farshad, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE), and Castetbon, Katia
- Abstract
0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2012
26. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9·1 million participants.
- Author
-
Finucane, Mariel, Stevens, Gretchen A, Cowan, Melanie J, Danaei, Goodarz, Lin, John K, Paciorek, Christopher J, Singh, Gitanjali M, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Lu, Yuan, Bahalim, Adil N, Farzadfar, Farshad, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE), Castetbon, Katia, Finucane, Mariel, Stevens, Gretchen A, Cowan, Melanie J, Danaei, Goodarz, Lin, John K, Paciorek, Christopher J, Singh, Gitanjali M, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Lu, Yuan, Bahalim, Adil N, Farzadfar, Farshad, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE), and Castetbon, Katia
- Abstract
Excess bodyweight is a major public health concern. However, few worldwide comparative analyses of long-term trends of body-mass index (BMI) have been done, and none have used recent national health examination surveys. We estimated worldwide trends in population mean BMI., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2011
27. O5-3.1 Global, regional and national trends in metabolic risk factors of chronic diseases: analysis of health surveys and epidemiologic studies since 1980
- Author
-
Goodarz Danaei, C Paciorek, M Finucane, Majid Ezzati, Y Lu, L Riley, J Lin, S. W. Lim, H Gutierrez, F Farzadfar, P Pelizzari, G Singh, M Cowan, A Bahalim, and G Stevens
- Subjects
Gerontology ,education.field_of_study ,Population level ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,Policy making ,Metabolic risk ,Population ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Psychological intervention ,Medicine ,National trends ,Risk factor ,education ,business ,Body mass index ,Demography - Abstract
Introduction Information on levels and trends of risk factors is essential for policy making. However, very few comprehensive and consistent global estimates are available. We collected a global database of population level summaries of systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), serum total cholesterol (TC) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and estimated levels and trends since 1980. Methods For each risk factor, we searched for published articles, analysed health surveys, and included unpublished reports. We excluded non-random samples or self-reported measurements. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model with a non-linear age component and a smoothing time trend for each sex separately. Results BMI had the most available data (960 country-years), followed by SBP (786), FPG (346) and TC (321). SBP declined in high-income regions by 2.1 to 3.9 mm Hg/decade, remained the same in East and South Asia and increased in Oceania and Eastern sub-Saharan Africa. TC declined in high-income regions by 0.2 mmol/l/decade and increased in East and South-East Asia and Pacific by 0.08–0.09 mmol/l/decade. BMI increased in virtually all regions with a global slope of 0.4 kg/m 2 /decade in men and 0.5 in women. FPG levels rose by 0.07–0.08 mmol/l/decade globally. FPG rose in all regions except for East and South-East Asia and Central and Eastern Europe. Conclusion There was a large variation in levels and trends of metabolic risk factors. Population and individual-level interventions should be formulated to continue beneficial trends and reverse the hazardous ones. National health surveys are essential in monitoring such interventions.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Lim, Stephen, Vos, Theo, Flaxman, Abraham, Danaei, Goodarz, Shibuya, Kenji, Adair-Rohani, Heather, Amann, Markus, Anderson, H. Ross, Andrews, Kathryn, Aryee, Martin, Atkinson, Charles, Bacchus, Loraine, Bahalim, Adil, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balmes, John, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle, Blore, Jed, Blyth, Fiona, Bonner, Carissa, Borges, Guilherme, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Brauer, Michael, Brooks, Peter, Bruce, Nigel, Brunekreef, Bert, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bull, Fiona, Burnett, Richard, Byers, Tim, Calabria, Bianca, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carnahan, Emily, Chafe, Zoe, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Jian Shen, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Child, Jennifer Christine, Cohen, Aaron, Colson, K. Ellicott, Cowie, Benjamin, Darby, Sarah, Darling, Susan, Davis, Adrian, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dentener, Frank, Jarlais, Don C. Des, Devries, Karen, Dherani, Mukesh, Ding, Eric, Dorsey, E. Ray, Driscoll, Tim, Edmond, Karen, Ali, Suad Eltahir, Engell, Rebecca, Erwin, Patricia, Fahimi, Saman, Falder, Gail, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ferrari, Alize, Finucane, Mariel, Flaxman, Seth, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R., Freedman, Greg, Freeman, Michael, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Ghosh, Santu, Giovannucci, Edward, Gmel, Gerhard, Graham, Kathryn, Grainger, Rebecca, Grant, Bridget, Gunnell, David, Gutierrez, Hialy, Hall, Wayne, Hoek, Hans, Hogan, Anthony, Hosgood, H. Dean III, Hoy, Damian, Hu, Howard, Hubbell, Bryan, Hutchings, Sally, Ibeanusi, Sydney, Jacklyn, Gemma, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, Jonas, Jost, Kan, Haidong, Kanis, John, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Kawakami, Norito, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatibzadeh, Shahab, Khoo, Jon-Paul, and Kok, Cindy
- Abstract
Accepted Manuscript
- Published
- 2012
29. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
- Author
-
Audrey Bonaventure, Sumeet S. Chugh, Roderick J. Hay, Luigi Naldi, Derrick A Bennett, Bridget F. Grant, Tony R. Merriman, Goodarz Danaei, Francine Laden, Rupak Shivakoti, Steven D. Colan, Kovin Naidoo, Kyle J Foreman, David A. Sleet, Aref A. Bin Abdulhak, Christopher J L Murray, Marita Cross, S. Ali, Karen Courville De Vaccaro, Richard F. Gillum, Herbert C. Duber, R Gupta, Carol Brayne, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, David Gunnell, Janet L Leasher, Dharani Ranganathan, James Leigh, Maria Loane, Kathryn G. Andrews, Steven T. Wiersma, Mengru Wang, Ella Sanman, Andrea Panozo Rivero, Robert G. Weintraub, Giorgio Tamburlini, F.G.R. Fowkes, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Safa Abdalla, Michael Phillips, Jürgen Rehm, Hannah Blencowe, George A. Mensah, Jeffrey A. Towbin, James D. Wilkinson, Pon Hsiu Yeh, Hammad A. Ganatra, Soufiane Boufous, Adrian Davis, Myles Connor, Simon Brooker, Bruno Hoen, Josep Maria Haro, Seth Flaxman, Ziad A. Memish, Eduardo A. Undurraga, Patricia Espindola, Laurie M. Anderson, Sarah Derrett, Esteban Porrini, Don C. Des Jarlais, Samath D Dharmaratne, Steven E. Lipshultz, Robert P. Dellavalle, Spencer L. James, Cleusa P. Ferri, Kerrianne Watt, Mohammad A. AlMazroa, Emma Smith, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Wei Liu, Mariel M. Finucane, Rupert R A Bourne, Uchechukwu Sampson, Valeria Miglioli, Summer Lockett Ohno, Michael C. Nevitt, Michael K Mwaniki, Kaustubh Dabhadkar, Harvey Whiteford, David Singh, Doruk Ozgediz, Luca Ronfani, Peter Burney, Juanita A. Haagsma, Holly Hagan, Loreto Carmona, Ali A. Mokdad, Bishnu Pahari, Patricia J. Erwin, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Bishal Bhandari, Emmanuela Gakidou, John J Huang, Paul K. Nelson, Lisa C. Rosenfeld, David Phillips, Michael S Lipnick, Louise Flood, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, John R. Condon, Robin Marks, Jasvinder A. Singh, Charles R. Newton, Adofo Koranteng, Hugh R. Taylor, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Nicole E. Johns, Elizabeth S Limb, Roy Burstein, Christine M. Budke, Amanda J Baxter, Tim Driscoll, Lesley Rushton, Casey Olives, Andrew E. Moran, Richard A. Gosselin, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Theo Vos, Jacqueline Mabweijano, James Scott, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Rogelio Perez Padilla, Neil McGill, Beth E. Ebel, John K Lin, Marc G. Weisskopf, Jeyaraj D Pandian, Ratilal Lalloo, Matthew J. Miller, Hélène Carabin, Allyne Delossantos, Leslie T. Cooper, Sandra Nolte, Andrew C Steer, Daphna Levinson, Nabila Dahodwala, G. Remuzzi, Christopher Hill, Ted R. Miller, Diana Haring, Andre Keren, Holly E. Erskine, Hwashin Shin, Sukanta Saha, Louisa Degenhardt, Ralph L. Sacco, Leslie Mallinger, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn, Maria Segui-Gomez, Reza Malekzadeh, Akira Matsumori, James Harrison, Honglei Chen, Luc E. Coffeng, Joshua A. Salomon, David Chou, Wagner Marcenes, Clotilde Ubeda, Helen Dolk, Sean R.M. Williams, Jerry Abraham, Sana Syed, William G. Couser, Lope H Barrero, K. Ellicott Colson, Wenzhi Wang, Ian Bolliger, Homie Razavi, Laura L Laslett, William J. Taylor, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Guy B. Marks, María-Gloria Basáñez, Claudia Cella, Miriam Alvarado, Saeid Shahraz, John J. McGrath, David J. Margolis, Neil Pearce, Charles Mock, Yara A. Halasa, Robin Room, David J. Weatherall, Kathryn Richardson, Karen Sliwa, Rafael Lozano, Diego De Leo, Zhi Jie Zheng, Peter Brooks, Thomas Roberts, Anthony D. Woolf, Paul Norman, Lorenzo Monasta, Majid Ezzati, Mohammed K. Ali, Frederick P. Rivara, Timothy J. Steiner, María Elena Medina-Mora, Kavi Bhalla, Victor Aboyans, Mathilda Regan, Stalin E. Ewoigbokhan, Michele Meltzer, Damian G Hoy, Charles E. Canter, Belinda J. Gabbe, Matthew A. Corriere, Sébastien D. S. Pion, Gretchen L. Birbeck, Geoffrey Buckle, Stephanie Y. Ahn, Martin A. Weinstock, Ronan A Lyons, Karen Edmond, Terrie E. Moffitt, Farshad Farzadfar, Norito Kawakami, W. Murray Thomson, Abraham D. Flaxman, Boris Bikbov, Jessica Singleton, Rachel L. Pullan, Simon J. O’Hanlon, Howard J. Hoffman, Svetlana Popova, Charles Atkinson, Saad B. Omer, Sherine E. Gabriel, Jim van Os, David T. Felson, Bianca Garcia, Wayne Hall, Sydney E. Ibeanusi, Philip B. Mitchell, Chiara Bucello, Michelle L. Bell, Flavio Gaspari, Donald H. Silberberg, Alexis Elbaz, Monica S. Vavilala, Tim Lathlean, Samantha M. Colquhoun, Kelsey Pierce, Larry M. Baddour, Michael H. Criqui, Ana Olga Mocumbi, Francis Guillemin, Farshad Pourmalek, Robert G. Nelson, Mary M. McDermott, M. Nathan Nair, Justina Groeger, Manu Dahiya, Rebecca Grainger, Yong Yi Lee, Emma Witt, Kenji Shibuya, Eduardo Bernabé, Alize J. Ferrari, George D. Thurston, Rakesh Aggarwal, David C. Schwebel, Gerhard Gmel, Jost B. Jonas, Hideki Higashi, Andrew Page, Peter J. Hotez, Hywel C Williams, Michael Freeman, Marcello Tonelli, Bernadette Thomas, Richard H. Osborne, David B. Rein, Lisa Bridgett, Jed D. Blore, Olive Kobusingye, Mukesh Dherani, Rita Krishnamurthi, Lisa M. Knowlton, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris, Rintaro Mori, E. Ray Dorsey, Katrina F Ortblad, Deborah Jarvis, Martin O'Donnell, Jon Paul Khoo, Valery L. Feigin, Ana-Claire Meyer, Kapa D. Ramaiah, Wilma A. Stolk, Michele E. Murdoch, Bianca Calabria, Cesar Diaz-Torne, James A. Black, Michael F. MacIntyre, Rachelle Buchbinder, C. Arden Pope, Donald S. Shepard, Monica Cortinovis, Richard Matzopoulos, Frederick Wolfe, Lidia Morawska, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Stephen S Lim, Diego Gonzalez-Medina, Traolach S. Brugha, Sivabalan Manivannan, Benjamin C Cowie, David Zonies, Emelia J. Benjamin, Sudha Jayaraman, Catherine Michaud, Gitanjali M Singh, Alan D. Lopez, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Fiona M. Blyth, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Benjamin L. Campbell, Carolyn Robinson, Suzanne Polinder, Marlene Fransen, Thomas Truelsen, Rasmus Havmoeller, Bongani M. Mayosi, Konrad Pesudovs, Myrna M. Weissman, Tasanee Braithwaite, Claire Bryan-Hancock, James Damsere-Derry, Richard A. White, John H. McAnulty, Natasha Wiebe, Fiona J Charlson, Norberto Perico, Charles H. King, Lyn March, Andrew T. A. Cheng, Ilana N. Ackerman, Rosana E. Norman, Jennifer L. Smith, Michael Burch, Adil N. Bahalim, Eric M. Fèvre, H. Ross Anderson, Julie O. Denenberg, Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg, David Bartels, Michel Boussinesq, Marieke J. van der Werf, Scott B. Patten, Marcella Montico, Rashmi Jasrasaria, Sarah Wulf, Lars Jacob Stovner, Mohsen Naghavi, Jennifer A. Taylor, Martin Prince, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale ( NET ), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Bioinformatics, GlaxoSmithKline, Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Parasitology, Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute, EUROCAT Central Registry, Institute for Nursing Research-University of Ulster, Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'Epidémiologie Clinique ( CIC-EC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Bristol [Bristol], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Imperial College London-National Heart and Lung Institute, Research & Planning, Mental Health Services, Ministry of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Anaesthetics, Southampton University Hospital, Cisco Systems, CISCO Systems, Inc, Department of dermatology, Milano University-Azienda Ospedaleria Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Massey University Wellington Campus, centre for photomolecular science, Imperial College London, Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], Department of neurology, Miller School of Medicine-University of Miami [Coral Gables], Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Département Cité des métiers - Cité de la santé - Universcience ( CDM/CDS ), Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford [Oxford], Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute [UK], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Epidémiologie Clinique (CIC-EC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Imperial College London-National Heart and Lung Institute [UK], Ministry of Health [Mozambique], Massey University, University of Miami [Coral Gables]-University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Département Cité des métiers - Cité de la santé - Universcience (CDM/CDS), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Centre d'investigation clinique - Epidémiologie clinique [Nancy] (CIC-EC), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM)-University of Miami [Coral Gables], University of Oxford, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Public Health, Immunology, and Cell biology
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Male ,MESH : Prevalence ,Health Status ,MESH : Aged ,Poison control ,Public-health utility ,MESH : Child, Preschool ,Global Health ,0302 clinical medicine ,MESH: Aged, 80 and over ,MESH : Child ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,MESH: Child ,Prevalence ,MESH : Female ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,MESH: Health Status ,MESH: Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,Communicable disease ,MESH: Middle Aged ,MESH: Infant, Newborn ,1. No poverty ,Age Factors ,MESH : Infant ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,MESH : Adult ,MESH: Infant ,Countries ,3. Good health ,MESH : Wounds and Injuries ,Risk-factors ,MESH: Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,MESH : World Health ,[ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,MESH: Young Adult ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Lost ,Adult ,Adolescent ,MESH : Male ,MESH : Sex Factors ,Population ,MESH : Young Adult ,MESH : Infant, Newborn ,03 medical and health sciences ,Expectancy ,Young Adult ,Sex Factors ,MESH: Sex Factors ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,MESH : Adolescent ,medicine ,Disability-adjusted life year ,Humans ,Economic cost ,MESH : Middle Aged ,Mortality ,MESH : Health Status ,education ,MESH : Aged, 80 and over ,Disease burden ,MESH: Prevalence ,Aged ,MESH: Adolescent ,MESH: Age Factors ,MESH: Humans ,business.industry ,MESH: Child, Preschool ,MESH : Humans ,Australia ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,MESH: Adult ,MESH : Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Non-communicable disease ,medicine.disease ,MESH: Male ,Quality-adjusted life year ,Years of potential life lost ,MESH: Wounds and Injuries ,Wounds and Injuries ,MESH : Age Factors ,Copd ,business ,MESH: Female ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,MESH: World Health ,Demography - Abstract
International audience; BACKGROUND: Measuring disease and injury burden in populations requires a composite metric that captures both premature mortality and the prevalence and severity of ill-health. The 1990 Global Burden of Disease study proposed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to measure disease burden. No comprehensive update of disease burden worldwide incorporating a systematic reassessment of disease and injury-specific epidemiology has been done since the 1990 study. We aimed to calculate disease burden worldwide and for 21 regions for 1990, 2005, and 2010 with methods to enable meaningful comparisons over time. METHODS: We calculated DALYs as the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). DALYs were calculated for 291 causes, 20 age groups, both sexes, and for 187 countries, and aggregated to regional and global estimates of disease burden for three points in time with strictly comparable definitions and methods. YLLs were calculated from age-sex-country-time-specific estimates of mortality by cause, with death by standardised lost life expectancy at each age. YLDs were calculated as prevalence of 1160 disabling sequelae, by age, sex, and cause, and weighted by new disability weights for each health state. Neither YLLs nor YLDs were age-weighted or discounted. Uncertainty around cause-specific DALYs was calculated incorporating uncertainty in levels of all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, prevalence, and disability weights. FINDINGS: Global DALYs remained stable from 1990 (2*503 billion) to 2010 (2*490 billion). Crude DALYs per 1000 decreased by 23% (472 per 1000 to 361 per 1000). An important shift has occurred in DALY composition with the contribution of deaths and disability among children (younger than 5 years of age) declining from 41% of global DALYs in 1990 to 25% in 2010. YLLs typically account for about half of disease burden in more developed regions (high-income Asia Pacific, western Europe, high-income North America, and Australasia), rising to over 80% of DALYs in sub-Saharan Africa. In 1990, 47% of DALYs worldwide were from communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders, 43% from non-communicable diseases, and 10% from injuries. By 2010, this had shifted to 35%, 54%, and 11%, respectively. Ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of DALYs worldwide in 2010 (up from fourth rank in 1990, increasing by 29%), followed by lower respiratory infections (top rank in 1990; 44% decline in DALYs), stroke (fifth in 1990; 19% increase), diarrhoeal diseases (second in 1990; 51% decrease), and HIV/AIDS (33rd in 1990; 351% increase). Major depressive disorder increased from 15th to 11th rank (37% increase) and road injury from 12th to 10th rank (34% increase). Substantial heterogeneity exists in rankings of leading causes of disease burden among regions. INTERPRETATION: Global disease burden has continued to shift away from communicable to non-communicable diseases and from premature death to years lived with disability. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, many communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders remain the dominant causes of disease burden. The rising burden from mental and behavioural disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and diabetes will impose new challenges on health systems. Regional heterogeneity highlights the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account. Because of improved definitions, methods, and data, these results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Books, media, physical & digital resources
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.