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In 1926, Francesco Stroppa, the Prefectural Commissioner of the Municipality of Sanremo, presented a comparative study of tourism in the two Rivieras to the “5th Italian Congress of Tourist, Health and Holiday Resorts” held in Montecatini (province of Pistoia). His study analysed the total income allocated for tourism development in Nice and Sanremo. The “capital” of the Côte d’Azur had a budget more than two hundred times that of the City of Flowers. Consequently, Stroppa predicted that within a few years tourism in the French Riviera would overtake that on the Italian Riviera. Almost a century later, it can be seen that this alarmist prediction did not occur, but despite this, Stroppa’s study – rich in quantitative data and qualitative information about the fears and hopes of that time – constitutes an interesting starting point for an always-current theme.

A short overview of the history of academic geography since the 19th century shows that there has never been a unity of physical and human geography in the past, at least in the form that is strived for today to justify the relevance of geography in coping with the present problems faced by humanity. But the fact that the limits of positivism start to be recognized in physical geography opens a way to collaboration for addressing the pressing problems affecting our planet today. The paper ends with some examples of how such a collaboration might look like and advocates greater attention to a political chorological approach, concentrating on the diversity of regions in the world, by taking both their internal and external relationships in terms of power structures into account. Een kort overzicht van de geschiedenis van de academische geografie sinds de 19e eeuw leert dat er in het verleden nooit sprake is geweest van een eenheid tussen fysische en sociale geografie, althans niet in de vorm die vandaag wordt nagestreefd om de relevantie van de geografie te rechtvaardigen bij het aanpakken van de problemen waarmee de mensheid vandaag wordt geconfronteerd. Maar het feit dat men in de fysische geografie de grenzen van het positivisme begint te erkennen, opent de weg naar samenwerking om de dringende problemen aan te pakken waarmee onze planeet vandaag te kampen heeft. Het artikel eindigt met enkele voorbeelden van hoe zo’n samenwerking eruit zou kunnen zien en pleit voor meer aandacht voor een politiek-chorologische benadering, die zich concentreert op de diversiteit van streken in de wereld, door rekening te houden met zowel hun interne als externe relaties in termen van machtsstructuren. Un bref aperçu de l’histoire de la géographie académique depuis le XIXe siècle montre qu’il n’y a jamais eu d’unité entre la géographie physique et la géographie humaine dans le passé, du moins sous la forme nécessaire aujourd’hui pour justifier la pertinence de la géographie face aux problèmes actuels de l’humanité. Mais le fait que les limites du positivisme commencent à être reconnues en géographie physique ouvre une voie à la collaboration pour aborder les problèmes urgents qui affectent notre planète aujourd’hui. L’article se termine par quelques exemples de ce à quoi pourrait ressembler une telle collaboration et préconise d’accorder une plus grande attention à une approche chorologique politique, en se concentrant sur la diversité des régions dans le monde et en tenant compte de leurs relations internes et externes en termes de structures de pouvoir. Una breve rassegna della storia della geografia accademica a partire dal XIX secolo mostra che in passato non c’è mai stata un’unità tra geografia fisica e geografia umana, almeno nella forma oggi necessaria per giustificare l’attinenza della geografia ai problemi attuali dell’umanità. Tuttavia, il fatto che la geografia fisica stia cominciando a riconoscere i limiti del positivismo apre la strada alla collaborazione per affrontare le questioni urgenti che affliggono oggi il nostro pianeta.L’articolo si conclude con alcuni esempi di come potrebbe essere tale collaborazione e raccomanda di prestare maggiore attenzione a un approccio regionale politico, concentrandosi sulla diversità delle regioni nel mondo e tenendo conto delle loro interrelazioni, interne ed esterne, in termini di strutture di potere.

La figura del geografo Christian Garnier (1872-1898), straordinariamente attivo e fecondo sia in Francia sia in Italia nonostante la scomparsa prematura, merita di essere adeguatamente riscoperta per due motivi: in quanto testimone affidabile di un momento della storia europea e in quanto protagonista autorevole di una fase della scienza geografica, che costituiscono tuttora il fondamento imprescindibile del nostro mondo e del nostro modo di fare geografia. La figure du géographe Christian Garnier (1872-1898), extraordinaire-ment actif et fécond aussi bien en France qu’en Italie nonobstant sa dis-parition prématurée, mérite d’être redécouverte pour deux raisons : en tant que témoin fiable d’un moment de l’histoire européenne et en tant que protagoniste influent d’une phase de la science géographique, qui constituent toujours les fondements, dont il faut absolument tenir compte, de notre monde et de notre façon de faire de la géographie.

This paper aims to analyze the tourism phenomenon generated by the television period drama "Downton Abbey" in Highclere Castle and the village of Bampton in Oxfordshire. Making its debut on the air in 2010 and now in its fourth season, the series has been watched by around 120 million viewers worldwide, mainly in English-speaking countries, bestowing extraordinary success on its principal location. However, while at Highclere Castle tourism initiatives are not linked exclusively to the television series, in the case of Bampton the tourist image of the village is built wholly upon it. To study its impact in terms of local development, normal data collection methods were not sufficient and it proved necessary to present a questionnaire to tourists participating in one of the many one-day organized tours. The results emerging from the admittedly small sample interviewed did confirm some trends already anticipated, such as the predominance of overseas tourists with a high spending capacity, dedicating a single day to visiting the locations and spending the rest of their holiday in London., Almatourism - Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development, Vol 6, N° 4 (2015): Special Issue Film-induced Tourism

La Riviera e la Costa Azzurra hanno sempre costituito fin dalla metà del XIX secolo una regione turistica di primaria importanza a livello europeo. Nei suoi più di centocinquanta anni di storia turistica, tale regione ha naturalmente attraversato diverse fasi, in ognuna delle quali ha sempre saputo far fronte alla variazione di domanda, adeguando la propria offerta e la propria immagine in funzione delle mutate esigenze turistiche del momento. In particolare, fino agli Anni Trenta del Novecento i turisti d’Oltremanica hanno rappresentato il gruppo più consistente in assoluto, tanto che furono realizzati numerosi edifici a uso della comunità inglese (chiese, banche, tea room, negozi, campi da tennis…). Questi vennero a costituire un environmental bubble inglese le cui tracce sono ancora evidenti. Dopo la Seconda Guerra Mondiale, fra le profonde trasformazioni che subirono la Riviera e la Costa Azzurra è senz’altro fondamentale il drastico ridimensionamento dell’interesse turistico da parte degli inglesi, sostituito soprattutto da quello domestico. A seguito di ciò, gli edifici a uso della colonia turistica inglese furono dapprima abbandonati e successivamente riutilizzati per altri fini. Nel presente studio si prenderanno in considerazione le chiese anglicane che gli inglesi costruirono durante i loro lunghi soggiorni nella regione, delineando dapprima un censimento delle strutture a oggi esistenti e analizzando a uno a uno ogni luogo di culto al fine di osservare in quale modo il loro riuso possa essere testimonianza delle fasi turistiche successive (dapprima balneare, poi culturale)., IN_BO. Ricerche e progetti per il territorio, la città e l'architettura, V. 8, N. 11 (2017): IL FUTURO DEGLI EDIFICI DI CULTO: PAESAGGI. A cura di Luigi Bartolomei

Italy is a country very rich of Shrines in all her regions, destinations of more or less important local pilgrimages. A lot of them have a specific museum deeply connected with the sacred place and its history. The aim of this research is to verify in which way visiting one of those museums is part of the pilgrimage itself, and in which way it is possible to find a link between the religious identity of the pilgrims and the cultural content of the museum. A few case-studies, chosen among museums of little dimensions and representative of different Italian regions, will be provided.

Francesco Biamonti (1928-2001) was an Italian novelist whose literary production is almost entirely devoted to the westernmost area of Liguria and especially to its relations with France. Literary critics have already examined the geographical aspects of his novels, including the dimension of borders and frontiers: notable in this regard is Il confine del paesaggio (Bertone, 2006). In the current paper, I set out to contribute to this line of enquiry by applying the methods and the procedures of geopoetics – as developed by F. Italiano (2009) – to an analysis of Biamonti’s “geographical consciousness”, as it unfolds in his last novel Le parole la notte, published in 1998 and translated into French (1999), German (2000), and Spanish (2004). The aim of my research is to shift from “the border of the landscape” to “the landscape of the border” – i.e. to the “borderscape” – by examining the words used by Biamonti himself in his novel.

The Clinic “Luigi Devoto” in Milan, one of the first hospitals of occupational health of the world, since 1931 to 1962 managed a hydro-climatic branch in Salice Terme, in the province of Pavia. The evolution of the site on which it rose up is here retraced through bibliographic and iconographic archive material.

The conflict between hosts and guests in the touristic regions: a questionable solution of 1926. Tourists generally move in a place normally belonging to the autochthones, therefore the relationship between these two categories can give rise to a real conflict. Politics often put itself as an intermediary to regulate the coexistence between hosts and guests and prevent the degeneration of their intercourse. In 1926 a book has been published in Sanremo (Italy) with the aim to teach the schoolboys of a health resort the more correct behaviour to prevent conflicts with the tourists. This book is here examined with the critical approach typical of the most up-to-date tendencies of the geography of tourism and of the didactics of geography.

Religious ecotourism can contribute to the safeguarding of the natural environment and of the cultural landscape in its tangible and intangible dimensions. The first aim of this research is to explore these possibilities in the particularly fragile pilgrimage routes in high altitude. The modern visual methodologies are eventually used to explore the characteristics in the representation of these routes. The cultural and historical processes in experiencing these itineraries in an ecotouristic dimension and the importance of their representations in building a touristic image in that sense are highlighted.

In this paper the authors examine two of Italy’s lesser religious tourism destinations: Sotto il Monte and Concesio, small towns in northern Italy which have the distinction of being the birthplaces of Pope John XXIII and Pope Paul VI. In 2002 and 2008 respectively, two of the country’s national television networks broadcast during prime time short television serials dedicated to the two popes. Despite being very successful with the viewing public, the serials proved to have little impact in terms of tourism, as demonstrated by comprehensive tourist surveys and in-depth conversations with the parties concerned. The aim of the present research is to ascertain, using a visual geographical research approach, whether the reasons for this can be identified, taking account of the pull factors of place, personality and performance referred to by Macionis in 2004.In the first part of the study the authors put forward a definition of film-induced religious tourism based on the commonly agreed definitions of film-induced tourism and religious tourism, and outline the unique characteristics ofItaly’s religious-themed television productions.In the second part the two case studies are analysed, with an outline of the geographical features of the locations and biog-induced tourism and religious tourism, and outline the unique characteristics ofItaly’s religious-themed television productions.In the second part the two case studies are analysed, with an outline of the geographical features of the locations and biographical aspects of the two men, and an assessment of the degree of success in terms of tourism achieved by their home towns, with particular reference to the years following the screening of the TV serials.

The 57th National Congress of the Italian Association of Italian Teachers held in Sanremo at the end of September 2014 has gathered more than two hundred members coming from all the country. The works have highlighted, both in the meeting room and during the itinerant lessons, the exceptional nature and the fragility of Liguria which, closed up between land and sea, has always needed a continuous and careful territorial management.

For geographers, the science of the borders represents since times a privileged field of interest. In particular after the affirmation of the critical approach in geography, the object of study is being studied not as a territorial element in se or because of its function of modeling the borderland, like in the traditional geography. The critical research studies the border first of all in reference of the symbolic and identitarian functions it has not only towards the populations which are settled next to him, but also towards the entire world. The representation of the border – transmitted furthermore through the modern mass media at a global scale, and often with “unsuspected” instruments, such as the touristic promotion – therefore assumes an importance which is equal to that covered by the border materially interpreted. There is the transit from the territorial dimension of the borderland to the landscape dimension of the borderscape, concept which includes without doubt the feelings and the passions of the people.

Il Manuale di geografia del turismo aiuta a costruire conoscenze sistematiche della disciplina presentando una rassegna di temi, e la letteratura che se ne è occupata, secondo la loro comparsa nella produzione scientifica italiana, fino ai più recenti aggiornamenti. Gli approcci seguiti sono molteplici, e ognuno di esso ha suggerito temi e strumenti diversi: dall’indirizzo economico al politico, dall’umano all’ambientale, al percettivo. Il Manuale si rivolge a studenti universitari – ma anche a tutti coloro che per la prima volta si avvicinano all’argomento – ponendosi come un agile strumento di studio o di lavoro dove la trattazione di ogni singolo argomento è effettuata tramite un linguaggio scientifico appropriato ma adatto alla comprensione di tutti i lettori.

“Creative” is an adjective usually accompanying the noun town in an objective, concrete, real sense. However, the same word can refer to a town also in a virtual sense, i.e. it can be connected to the image ICTs give of it. In this piece of research we investigate not whether a town is really creative, but whether its “augmenting” factors confer it a creative image. All media can be useful to this aim, especially those banal, easily accessible and visual because they are unsuspected, widely spread and without linguistic barriers. The suggested case-study will analyze on one hand if the video “Far l’amore” (more than 4 million views on YouTube in less than one year) conveys or not a creative image of Milan and, on the other hand, the impression it had among the users who want to leave a comment.

This article suggests a series of reflexions regarding ecclesiastical museums and their different relationship with the surrounding territory, using considerations on museums of more geographical characteristics. Indeed, as the research regarding technical problems of museums and those of an artistic nature have been reaffirmed during the preparation for the XXIV General Conference on the International Council of Museums, which will be held in Milan in 2016. The responsibility of museums towards their outward interest should be the same as the regard held to their own collections. The ecclesiastical realty of Italian museums is characterised by really numerous institutions, of different dimensions, importance, type and property; consequently, it constitutes a complex and emblematical chance of study. First of all different examples of connection between the ecclesiastical museums will be tackled, above all examining thoroughly the case of the distribution network; followed by the connections which such differing museums can keep up relations with the surrounding territory; and lastly the relationship which exists between museums on the one side and visitors and the local community on the other